2024年中考英语阅读理解专项复习—主旨大意

阅读理解专项—主旨大意 A ①Why are children so much more creative than adults? How does that creativity disappear later? What other great ideas do children have? ②For children, everything is possible. What’s more, young children get praise and encouragement from their parents and teachers for almost any work they do particularly for imaginative stories or weird pieces of art. They have heard tales of magic and they see around them technology doing all kinds of amazing things. Every problem can be solved for them. On the other hand, adults are surrounded(包围) by rules, regulations, and laws. They have experienced failures and shame. At some stage, they have worked for a difficult boss who was not interested in their ideas-just in getting the job done on time. ③If we want to be truly creative, we need to think like children again. We need to imagine a perfect solution and then ask “Why not?”. The daughter of Edwin Land asked this question when he told her that she could not see the photo he had taken straight away. Her persistence led him to invent the Polaroid camera. In similar fashion 11-year-old Richie asked, “Why can’t we speak to each other underwater?” He invented an underwater speaking device. They show the need of having a childlike mind. ④Of course, every invention or innovation has to exist(存在) a world of limitations(局限). But if we start by imagining an ideal solution and then work back to overcome or accommodate(适应) limitations then we will have a better chance of success than if we start with all the obstacles in a clear view. ⑤Be creative and try thinking just like a child. You did it all the time once, so now do it again. ( )What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Think like a child to be creative. B．It’s good for us to be childlike. C．Believing in children is important. D．Nothing is more important than taking on challenges. B ①Some researchers explain how most people form their social groups with people of their age. Especially, as children and teenagers, even adults, people make their friends based on proximity(邻近) more than anything else. Even in a college classroom, the students may not make friends with those who have similar personalities and interests. It’s the people they really sit next to. Clearly, who stands nearest to you has the greatest influence on you. As Jim Rohn has widely said. "You are average(平均) of five people you spend the most time with." ②Over the past ten months, I’ve paid Ryan, a famous writer of several bestselling books, to help with the book I’m writing. Working with him has shown me just how low my standards for my work are. For example, every time I send him a drab(草稿), he shows me how it could be 10 times better, and he holds me to that standard. It’s not that my working ability was born low. It’s because that I don’t know what I don’t know. Working with Ryan has made me realize what is possible and what it takes to create something powerful. ③Like Ryan, my business partner Richard has wonderful ideas and far different experience than I have. He has written 36 New York Times Bestsellers. He’s been speaking and doing events for 20 years. Richard always performs at high levels, and he is also very strict with me because my performance is a reflection(反映) on him. It’s not a bad thing because it creates high pressure(压力) to help me make great progress in organizing author training. ④In a word, you need to stay with those people who can help you realize your level and potential(潜力). Staying with people who have higher standards is the fastest way for you to change. If you don’t change your environment, your progress will be very slow. Who you stay with has huge importance. You can’t ignore this. ( )The passage mainly tells us that ______. A. we can improve our working abilities by ourselves B. we must pay attention to our talent and potential C. we’d better make friends with those who can hold us to higher levels D. we should stay with those who have similar personalities and interests C ①Early Saturday morning, Ben, Tina, Brad, and their parents met at Jody’s house again. Everyone helped reload(重摆) the boxes and, of course, the Wari boards. Then they carried the boxes downstairs to the street for the rummage sale(清仓义卖). ②At the fair, they set up two tables. One table was for rummage. On the other table they set up the Wari games. Brad had made a banner(横幅) to hang behind the tables. It said, “HELP THE QUINCY COUGARS BUY NEW UNIFORMS!” ③He also made two smaller signs for the tables. One said RUMMAGE SALE, and the other said WARI GAMES $4.00. ④Things got pretty busy once the fair began. Ben had borrowed his dad’s cash box to keep the money in. Tina was in charge of(负责) adding up the purchases and giving change. Jody was in charge of the Wari table, and Brad and Ben made sure the rummage table was kept full. ⑤Lots of kids came by. They had seen Jody’s grandfather’s Wari board in class, and they all wanted one of their own. It wasn’t long before all the games were sold. ⑥Tina added it up. “We’ve made $160.00 on Wari boards alone!" ⑦For the rest of the day they took orders for more Wari boards. By the time they had made and delivered(交) those they would have even more money for the uniforms. ⑧The rummage sale was a big success, too. People bought things the kids never thought anyone would buy. ⑨“Don’t worry!”Jody’s grandfather said. “I’m only buying things I need.” ⑩Two weeks later, the Quincy Cougars were sitting on the bench. They were ready for their first game of the season. ( )What does the passage mainly tell us? A. What the children did at the street fair. B. Why the children went to the street fair. C. How the children realized their dream by working hard. D. Where the Quincy Cougars were two weeks later. D ①The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from June 20 to July 7. Sixty-five works will be put on both in theaters and online. “The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest technology,” says Liu Chang, manager of the festival, who is also a drama director. Technology has improved design, performances and so on. Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future. ②A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui, inspired (赋予灵感) by the two-part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, will be on as the opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play, Meng introduces the story to 400 real audiences(观众) sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing. The second half of the play will have more audiences, who use their cellphones, computers and headsets to be part of the play online. ③Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work, inspired by Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, will be shown from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI, audiences can explore the unreal scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes. ④“The stage (舞台) design is done by AI, which is like an assistant realizing the ideas of me and my team,” says Liu, “Now I try to use the latest technology, such as ChatGPT, to write the script, and I am still working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.” ⑤Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship between people and the latest technology, especially when connected in drama—a scene to dream. ( )What is the best title of this passage? A. A drama festival B. Human imagination C. Drama of the future D. AI-assisted technology ★ Can you list the structure of the passage? E ①Most of us cannot imagine modern life without social media(社交媒体). We use it almost every day in order to keep up with what is happening in our friends’ lives, or find out the latest information. Although it has a bad influence if we don’t use it properly, social media has done more good than harm. ②The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily. We are still able to keep in touch with our friends if they are far away. With social media, friendship goes beyond geography. We are able to find friends old and new. Also, it makes it easier for us to make friends, especially for those who are afraid of making friends face to face. Are you shy? If yes, social media has probably helped. ③Social media is also ideal for making yourself heard. Anyone with a voice can express it. Anyone with a talent is free to show it. Everyone is the new content creator. Moreover, anyone with a smartphone and the Internet can be a reporter. As a result, it has become much faster to cover the news than ever before. ④Social media, on the other hand, can make us less confident sometimes. A 2021 study published by the Public Library of Science, found that the more a person uses social media, the sadder he feels about his own life. One reason for this is that people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. So we often get a incorrect sense of how wonderful their lives are compared to our own. ⑤Social media does not cause sadness; it simply provides another tool for us to use. Is it good or bad? Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai says, “What is interesting is the power and influence of social media ... We must try to use social media in a good way.” After all, you decide how you use this powerful tool. ( )Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Social Media: Our Friend Or Enemy? B. Social Media: To Use Or Not To Use? C. Social Media: Connecting The World D. Social Media: Making Yourself Heard F ①There are only 24 hours in a day, and usually about a third of that is spent sleeping. So is it possible to make use of this time and learn a new skill or even a language？In other words，is sleep learning possible？ ②Many studies have found that a basic form of learning called conditioning can happen during sleep. In a 2012 study published in the magazine Nature Neuroscience，for example，Israeli researchers found that people can learn to connect sounds with smells during sleep.The scientists played a tone(声音) to sleeping study participants(参与者) while putting some rotten(腐烂的) fish beside their beds. Once awake when hearing the tone. The people held their breath in anticipation(预判) of a bad smell. ③“This was a dear finding showing participants formed new memories during sleep,” said Andrillon, a scientist in this held. ④Although the now memory was implicit (暗示性的), it could influence how people behave, researchers found in a 2014 study published in the Journal of Neuroscience. In that research, after spending a night in a room full of cigarette(香烟) smell mixed with rotten eggs or fish, smokers use fewer cigarettes. ⑤Andrillon and his team members have found that learning in sleep can also go beyond simple conditioning. In their 2017 study published in Nature Communications, participants were able to pick out sound features that they had heard during sleep. ⑥Learning abilities in sleep may spread to learning of words. In a study published in Current Biology, researchers played pairs of made-up words and their supposed meanings like “guga” means elephant，to sleep participants. After this, when awake, the participants did better in picking the right translation of made-up words in a multi-choice test. ⑦So far, research suggests it may be possible to learn about the tone and pronunciation of a language or even the meaning of words while sleeping, although it is to a weaker level than what we do during the day without noticing. ( )What is the main purpose of the text? A.To show that sleep learning is possible. B.To study how to make use of sleep learning. C.To report some famous research findings. D.To prove sleep learning is implicit and weak. ( )What is the main idea of the last two paragraphs? A.Sleep can do good to learning. B.Language learning can happen in sleep. C.People learn in sleep in a different language. D.Sleep learning is better than daytime learning. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$