Unit 1 Teenage Life Discovering Useful Structures分层作业英语人教版2019必修第一册

Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures分层作业 基础巩固 1、 核心单词翻译 1．freshman n. 2．literature n. 3．extra-curricular adj. 4．generation n. 5．adult n. adj. 6． n. 辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论 7． n. 内容；[pl.]目录；主题 8． n. （书、诗歌等的）名称；标题；职称；头衔 9． adj.额外的；附加的 10． adv.显然；明显地 【答案】 1．（大学或高中）一年级新生 2．文学；文学作品 3．课外的；课程以外的 4．一代（人） 5． 成年人 成年的；成熟的 6．debate 7．content 8．title 9．extra 10．obviously 2、 重点短语翻译 1. 对……负责 2. 报名(参加课程) 3. 对……适合的 4. 从……毕业；毕业于…… 5. 与……相比更喜欢…… 6. 对……很入迷 7. 习惯于 8. 集中注意力于…… 9. 跟上……；和……保持联系 10. 打扫(或消除)干净 【答案】 1． be responsible for 2．sign up (for sth.) 3. be suitable for 4．graduate from 5. prefer… to… be attracted to 7. be/get used to 8. focus/concentrate on 9. keep up with 10. clean up 三、请写出以下句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作成分。 1．I think the book very interesting. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 2．Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 3．He told me a funny story.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 4．She speaks English very fluently.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 5．Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 6．He is my best friend.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 7．She is full of fear, running out of the dark room.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 8．He is a very careful worker.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 9．The warm girl is my sister.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 10．We consider him a good teacher.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 【答案】 1． 形容词短语 宾语补足语 2． 形容词短语 状语 3． 名词短语 直接宾语 4． 副词短语 状语 5． 名词短语 表语 6． 名词短语 表语 7． 形容词短语 表语 8． 形容词短语 定语 9． 名词短语 主语 10． 名词短语 宾语补足语 【解析】 1．形容词短语 宾语补足语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：我认为这本书很有趣。该句为“think+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，所以，划线部分very interesting为形容词短语作宾语补足语，very为副词作状语修饰interesting。故填①形容词短语②宾语补足语。 2． 形容词短语 状语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：他很感兴趣，同意试一试。划线部分Much interested为形容词短语作状语修饰整个句子，much为副词修饰形容词interested。故填①形容词短语②状语。 3． 名词短语 直接宾语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：他给我讲了一个有趣的故事。划线部分a funny story为名词短语作直接宾语，funny作定语修饰名词story。故填①名词短语②直接宾语。 4． 副词短语 状语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：她英语说得很流利。划线部分very fluently为副词短语作状语修饰动词speaks。故填①副词短语②状语。 5． 名词短语 表语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：哈佛大学是美国最著名的大学之一。划线部分one of the most famous universities为名词短语作表语，most famous作定语修饰名词universities。故填①名词短语②表语。 6． 名词短语 表语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：他是我最好的朋友。划线部分my best friend为名词短语作表语，my best作定语修饰名词friend。故填①名词短语②表语。 7． 形容词短语 表语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：她满心恐惧地跑出黑暗的房间。划线部分full of fear位于系动词之后，所以为形容词短语作表语。故填①形容词短语②表语。 8． 形容词短语 定语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：他是一个非常细心的工人。划线部分a very careful为形容词短语作定语，very为副词修饰形容词careful，careful修饰名词worker。故填①形容词短语②定语。 9． 名词短语 主语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：那个温暖的女孩是我的妹妹。划线部分The warm girl为名词短语作主语，warm为形容词作定语修饰名词girl。故填①名词短语②主语。 10．名词短语 宾语补足语 考查词性和句子成分。句意：我们认为他是个好老师。该句为“consider+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，所以划线部分a good teacher为名词短语作宾语补足语，good作定语修饰名词teacher。故填①名词短语②宾语补足语。 四、单词拼写 1．His new book is very interesting, covering many hot (话题) and providing lots of cultural knowledge of the world. 【答案】topics 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的新书非常有趣，涵盖了许多热门话题，并提供了许多世界文化知识。根据汉语提示可知应用名词topic，结合many可知应用复数。故填topics。 2．The (生存，幸存) of plants depends on sunlight and water. 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：植物的生存依赖于阳光和水。根据汉语提示“生存，幸存”可知，此处应用名词survival，作主语，不可数。故填survival。 3．She told us her (冒险) while travelling in Africa. 【答案】adventures 【详解】考查名词。句意：她给我们讲了她在非洲旅行时的冒险经历。“冒险”为adventure，为可数名词，作宾语，此处指的是在非洲旅行时的冒险，所以要用复数。故填adventures。 4．Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in the (温室). 【答案】greenhouse 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们在冬天购买的大部分蔬菜都是在温室里种植的。根据汉语提示“温室”可知，应填名词greenhouse，作介词in的宾语。故填greenhouse。 5．With a new farm bill to be (辩论) in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 【答案】debated 【详解】考查动词。句意：一项新的农业法案要在国会进行辩论，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词debate，且此处为to be done“将要被做”作宾补，故填debated。 6．When I became a (青少年) at middle school, I was interested in the mystery story. 【答案】teenager 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我上中学成为一名青少年时，我对神秘故事很感兴趣。根据汉语提示“青少年”可知，此处为名词teenager，作表语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填teenager。 7．I like to (挑战) myself. 【答案】challenge 【详解】考查动词。句意：我喜欢挑战自己。根据汉语提示“挑战”，此处应填动词challenge。like to do sth。动词不定式作宾语。故填challenge。 8． (显而易见), the students should get well prepared for their future. 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，学生应该为他们的未来做好准备。根据汉语提示可知应用副词obviously，修饰后文句子，首字母大写。故填Obviously。 9．I have been (建议) to go to a big city to find a better job. 【答案】recommended 【详解】考查动词。句意：有人推荐我去大城市找一份更好的工作。根据汉语提示可知应用动词recommend，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文have been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填recommended。 10．She has learned to make (芭蕾舞) clothes for herself since she was a little girl. 【答案】ballet 【详解】考查名词。句意：她从小就学会了为自己制作芭蕾舞服。根据汉语提示可知，ballet“芭蕾舞”，名词，作定语修饰名词clothes，故填ballet。 五、完成句子 1．①and ②beautiful ③a ④generous ⑤really (按顺序填入句中) She is   girl. 【答案】 ⑤ ③ ② ① ④ 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她真是个美丽大方的女孩。副词really修饰动词is，置于is之后；限定词不定冠词a置于名词短语最前端，描绘性形容词beautiful置于特征形容词generous之前，由and连接。故填⑤；③；②；①；④。 2．①beautiful ②the ③of our school ④campus (按顺序填入句中) Look! This is . 【答案】 ② ① ④ ③ 【详解】考查句子成分排序。句意：看！这是我们学校美丽的校园。the为定冠词，放在第一位，表特指；beautiful是形容词，作定语，意为“美丽的”，修饰名词campus，因此放在第二位；campus是名词，意为“校园”，放在beautiful的后面，也就是第三位；of our school意为“我们学校的”，表所属，作后置定语修饰campus，放在最后一空，故填②①④③。 3．①than ②more ③important ④much (按顺序填入句中) The task is   ever. 【答案】 ④ ② ③ ① 【详解】考查句型。句意：这项任务比以往任何时候都重要得多。此处为句型much+比较级+than ever，表示“比以往更加……得多”。故填④②③①。 4. ①a ②big ③with a beautiful garden ④such ⑤house(按顺序填入句中) He lives in . 【答案】④ ① ② ⑤ ③ 考查语序。句意：他住在一个有漂亮花园的大房子里。该句为“such+a(n)+adj.+n.”结构所以第一空为such，第二空为a，第三空为big，第四空为house，with a beautiful garden为介词短语作后置定语修饰名词house。故填④①②⑤③。 5. ①of ②afraid ③dog ④the(按顺序填入句中) She doesn’t dare to go out alone at night, because she is . 【答案】② ① ④ ③ 考查语序。句意：她晚上不敢一个人出去，因为她害怕狗。此处为“主+系+表”结构，afraid为形容词作表语，be afraid of意为“害怕”，所以第一空为afraid，第二空为介词of，dog为be afraid of的宾语，且为可数名词，所以此前需加冠词，所以第三空为the，第四空为dog。故填②①④③。 6. We are all for our action. 我们所有人要完全为我们的行为负责。 【答案】entirely responsible 【详解】考查副词和形容词。根据中英文，设空处表示“完全负责”。“完全”可表示为entirely；“负责”可表示为responsible，作表语。副词entirely修饰形容词responsible。故填entirely responsible。 7. He runs . 他跑得快极了。 【答案】extremely fast 【详解】考查副词。根据中英文，设空处表示“快极了”。“快”可表示为fast，这里形容极其快，应用副词extremely(极其)修饰fast，副词短语extremely fast修饰动词runs。故填extremely fast。 8. A good friend is someone who ． 好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。 【答案】makes you really happy 【详解】考查动词、副词和形容词。根据中英文，设空处表示“让你真正高兴”。“让”可用使役动词make表示，make sb.+adj.意为“让某人……”，形容词作宾补；“真正”可表示为really；“高兴”可表示为happy。宾语为“你”，应用宾格you。副词really修饰形容词happy。根据主句中的is并结合句意可知，这里应用一般现在时，且who指代先行词someone作主语，从句的谓语应用单数。故填makes you really happy。 9. The I have ever seen is the peacock. 我见过的最漂亮的鸟是孔雀。 【答案】most beautiful bird 【详解】考查形容词最高级和名词。根据中英文，设空处表示“最漂亮的鸟”。“漂亮”可表示为beautiful，其最高级most beautiful意为“最漂亮的”；“鸟”可表示为bird，结合谓语is可知，这里应用单数作主语。故填most beautiful bird。 10. I have three . 我有三个要好的朋友。 【答案】close friends 【详解】考查形容词和名词。根据中英文，设空处表示“要好的朋友”。close意为“亲密的”，作定语；friend意为“朋友”，为可数名词。空前有three修饰，所以应用名词复数。名词短语close friends作have的宾语。故填close friends。 六、单句语法填空 1．They start the same time from a starting line. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：他们同时从起跑线出发。此处为固定短语at the same time意为“同时”符合句意。故填at。 2．No one can remember the shop we bought this computer ten years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：没有人记得十年前我们在哪家商店买的这台电脑。定语从句修饰先行词shop，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 3．I don’t want to listen to any reason you were absent from the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不想听你缺席会议的任何理由。定语从句修饰先行词reason，在从句作原因状语，故填why。 4．I’m looking forward to the day my daughter can read the book that I write for her. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我期待着有一天我的女儿能读到我为她写的书。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词day，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词when引导此从句。故填when。 5．Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。根据空前主句谓语动词should involve及空后谓语动词can gain，且句子不能构成并列句可知，空处应为定语从句引导词，修饰先行词“community activities”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 6．As kids want to see Las Vegas and all (it) many attractions, we are going to spend our summer holiday there this year.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】its 【详解】考查代词。句意：由于孩子们想参观拉斯维加斯及其众多景点，我们今年将在那里度过暑假。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰后面的名词attractions。故填its。 7．If you follow my advice, you can know how (make) a fire in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to make 【详解】考查特殊疑问词加动词不定式的用法。句意：如果你听从我的建议，你就会知道如何在野外生火。“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”可作主语、宾语、表语。根据句意及空前的特殊疑问词how可知，此处使用make a fire“生火”的不定式形式，how to make a fire作know的宾语。故填to make。 8．What fine weather! What about (go) to have a picnic this afternoon? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】going 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：多好的天气！今天下午去野餐怎么样？What about doing sth.“做某事怎么样”，此处使用go“去”的动名词形式，作about的宾语。故填going。 9．She for the train when it arrived. (wait) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was waiting 【详解】考查时态。句意：火车到达时，她正在等火车。根据后文when it arrived可知表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行，应用过去进行时，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was waiting。 10．They football in the park now. (play) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are playing 【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：他们现在正在公园里踢足球。根据now可知，此处是指现在正在进行的动作，所以应用现在进行时。动词play意为“玩耍”。故填are playing。 能力提升 一、阅读理解 I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mum I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day. Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mum. Even though I practised hard for the show, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mum to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet. My mum quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be. The music began and my heart started to race. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed in excitement. My mum found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mum in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I realized one important fact: My mum will always be there to catch me if I fall. 1．What happened to the author on her first day of ballet? A．She made no mistakes while dancing. B．She fell down and hurt herself. C．She lied to her mum about liking ballet. D．She realized she was talented in ballet. 2．What does the underlined phrase “got the hang of it” mean? A．Lost interest in it. B．Learned to do it well. C．Jumped high in the air. D．Had trouble with it. 3．How did the mother respond when the author expressed her difficulties in ballet? A．She encouraged her to quit and pursue something else. B．She simply laughed and ignored her concerns completely. C．She blamed her strictly for not practising enough. D．She offered to teach her everything she knew about ballet. 4．What did the author learn from her ballet experience? A．Never try something you are not good at. B．Don’t be afraid of disappointing others. C．Every mum will be proud of their children’s achievements. D．A mother’s love is pure and unconditional. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述了一个女孩第一次尝试芭蕾舞的经历。她在第一堂课上犯了很多错误，想要放弃，但最终决定坚持下去。她的舞蹈技术一直没有进步，但在母亲的鼓励和指导下，她最终在演出中表现出色，感到非常的自豪。这个故事告诉我们：母亲会永远在她摔倒的时候扶她起来。 1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mum I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day. (我的母亲是一名舞者，我最希望的就是像她一样，但在第一堂课上犯了错误后，我觉得我想马上退出。然而，我告诉妈妈，我迫不及待地想再跳一次舞，因为这是我第一天跳舞。)”可知，她在上芭蕾舞的第一天对她的妈妈撒谎了，说喜欢芭蕾舞。故选C。 2．B 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mum.(几个星期过去了，我的舞蹈并没有进步。然后我的舞蹈老师宣布我们要在一个节目中表演。我害怕在几百人面前摔个稀巴烂，让我妈妈失望。)”以及第三段划线词上文“Even though I practised hard for the show, I never quite(尽管我为演出刻苦练习，但我从来没有)”可知，尽管作者为演出刻苦训练，但始终没有掌握要领把舞跳好。由此可推知，“got the hang of it意为“学会做好这件事”。故选B。 3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Even though I practised hard for the show, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mum to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet. (尽管我为演出刻苦练习，但我始终没有掌握要领。最后，我去找妈妈，告诉她我的感受。她只是笑着告诉我，她会把她所知道的芭蕾舞都教给我。)”可知，当作者向妈妈表达自己学习芭蕾舞的困难时，母亲主动提出教她有关于芭蕾的知识。故选D。 4．D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through this, I realized one important fact: My mum will always be there to catch me if I fall. (通过这件事，我意识到一个重要的事实：如果我摔倒了，妈妈永远会在那里接住我。)”可知，作者从她的芭蕾舞经历体会到了母爱是纯洁而无条件的。故选D。 二、七选五 How to Adjust to a New School School is a base for students, where they learn to succeed. 1 When you go to a new school, you might worry that you don’t know anyone. You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict. Here are some ways to help you adjust to a new school. 2 Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as other important places. Prepare for the First Day 3 Being well rested will help you remove (去除) any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 17 years old. 4 Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don’t want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends. Make friends Take part in activities. Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have the same interests as yours. 5 You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something. A．You should go to school on time B．Leave early for school C．Get to Know the School D．Start off your first day of school with a good night’s sleep. E．Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble. F．But adjusting to a new school can be difficult. G．This will also give you a chance to show your skills at sport or other activities. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对如何适应新学校提出了建议和方法。 1．F 根据后文“When you go to a new school, you might worry that you don’t know anyone. You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict.(当你去一所新学校时，你可能会担心你不认识任何人。你担心你可能会迷路，或者如果老师很严格怎么办。)”可知，此处是指适应新学校可能会很难，所以选项F“但适应一所新学校可能会很困难”切合文意。故选F。 2．C 根据后文“Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as other important places.(在你开始上学之前，和你的父母一起去参观学校。找出你的教室，以及其他重要的地方。)”可知，此处是指在开始上学前先熟悉新学校，所以选项C“了解学校”切合文意。故选C。 3．D 根据后文“Being well rested will help you remove (去除) any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 17 years old.(休息好会帮助你消除你可能感到的紧张。如果你的年龄在7到17岁之间，尽量保证至少8到9个小时的睡眠。)”可知，此处是指到校第一天的前一天晚上要保证充足的睡眠，所以选项D“好好睡一觉，开始你上学的第一天。”切合文意。故选D。 4．B 根据后文“Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school.(确保你早上有足够的时间去上学。)”可知，此处是指早点出发去学校，所以选项B“早点动身去学校”切合文意。故选B。 5．G 根据前文“Take part in activities. Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have the same interests as yours.(参加活动。报名参加戏剧、体育或象棋俱乐部之类的活动。这将把你和那些和你有相同兴趣的人放在一起。)”和后文“You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something.(你甚至可以教其他孩子如何做某事。)”可知，此处是指参加活动可以展现你的技能，所以选项G“这也会给你一个机会在运动或其他活动中展示你的技能。”切合文意。故选G。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are some suggestions for you, which may help you enjoy your school life better. As senior high school students, going from junior high school to senior high school is really 1 (challenge) and you will be living a very busy life. So first of all, you should arrange your time properly. You’d better make a suitable schedule so that you know when to study, exercise and rest. Only in this way can you make good use of every minute. Besides, you have to think very 2 (careful) about which courses you want to take. When you have a problem you can’t work out alone, you’d better turn to your teachers or classmates for help. Furthermore, you may have difficulty in choosing after-class 3 (activity). Some of you may would like 4 (join) the school football team, but you have to consider whether you play well enough. If not, you should practice more after school 5 your own, trying to make the team next year. Never quit! Some students choose to join a volunteer club, 6 will give them good chances to help homeless people and challenge 7 (them). As senior high school students, you have to study 8 (hard) than before and get used to being responsible 9 a lot of things. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but you will be well prepared for university and whatever comes in the future. I hope the suggestions above will help you go through 10 rich and colorful school life. 【答案】 1．challenging 2．carefully 3．activities 4．to join 5．on 6．which 7．themselves 8．harder 9．for 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为即将开始高中生活的学生提供了一些有用的学习和生活方面的建议。 1．challenging 考查形容词。句意：作为高中生，从初中到高中真的很有挑战性，你将过着非常忙碌的生活。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，描述主语的性质，应用以-ing结尾的形容词challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 2．carefully 考查副词。句意：此外，你必须非常仔细地考虑你想学哪些课程。分析句子可知，空处作修饰think的状语，副词carefully符合题意，意为“仔细地”，表示仔细地考虑想学哪些课程。故填carefully。 3．activities 考查名词的数。句意：而且，你可能在选择课外活动方面有困难。分析句子可知，空处作choosing的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词activity应用复数形式。故填activities。 4．to join 考查非谓语动词。句意：你们中的一些人可能想加入学校足球队，但你必须考虑你是否踢得足够好。would like to do sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，空处应用join的不定式形式。故填to join。 5．on 考查介词。句意：如果没有（那么好），你应该在放学后自己多练习，争取明年进入球队。on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独立地，自己一个人地”。故填on。 6．which 考查定语从句。句意：一些学生选择加入志愿者俱乐部，这将给他们很好的机会去帮助无家可归的人并挑战自我。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 7．themselves 考查代词。句意：一些学生选择加入志愿者俱乐部，这将给他们很好的机会去帮助无家可归的人并挑战自我。分析句子可知，challenge这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用them的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。 8．harder 考查副词比较级。句意：作为高中生，你必须比以前更努力地学习，并适应要对很多事情负责。根据空后的“than before”可知，此处表示比较的概念，空处应用hard的比较级形式harder，意为“更努力地”。故填harder。 9．for 考查介词。句意：作为高中生，你必须比以前更努力地学习，并适应要对很多事情负责。be responsible for是固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填for。 10．a 考查冠词。句意：我希望以上的建议能帮助你度过一个丰富多彩的校园生活。结合空处前后的内容可推知，此处表示度过“一个/一种”丰富多彩的校园生活，应用不定冠词，且rich的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 拓展延伸 书面表达 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the test is difficult, I am well prepared for it.” Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote the word on his test paper quickly and confidently. “The second word: contribution,” Mr. White said. “So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down. Thirty minutes later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I’m going to mark your papers,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!” Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter got an English-Chinese dictionary —the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he waved it highly. “This is my happiest moment.” Peter shouted. After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his performance. All of a sudden, the word “contribution” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to the word. “C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n,” he whispered. It was wrong. “What should I do?” Peter asked himself, staring at the red full marks. 注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Peter was lost in thought. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One Possible Version Peter was lost in thought. “Should I return the dictionary? If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time. But, if not, I can’t persuade myself to pretend to be as calm as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mum’s words flew into his mind: “We ought to be honest.” Without any hesitation, holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr. White quickly. Being praised for honesty in front of the class, Peter was very delighted and decided to get full marks in the next test. A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. He would be given the title An honesty boy by the school the next day. Hearing the news, as excited as Peter, Mum kissed Peter on the cheek, saying “I feel so proud of you for your good virtue, honey.” At school, Mr. White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his good quality. Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了Peter为了得到老师的奖品，精心为英语拼写测试做准备，测试完以后，Peter因得了100 分而获得了奖品——他最喜欢的英汉词典，可是试卷发下来时，Peter发现老师误判了，经过激烈的思想斗争后，想起妈妈教育自己做人要诚实，Peter最终告诉了老师事实，Peter在全班同学面前被表扬了诚实，一个月后，Peter被学校授予“诚实男孩”的称号，妈妈为此感到骄傲，老师又一次把字典递给Peter作为他诚实的奖励。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Peter陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可以从 Peter 向老师解释测试的失误，以及老师对 Peter 这种诚实行为的评价入手，进行续写。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，Peter高兴地告诉妈妈一个好消息。”可知，第二段可描写具体哪件事让Peter高兴，把这个好消息告诉了妈妈，妈妈为他的诚实表扬他，他的老师也送给Peter原来的字典作为奖励。 2.续写线索：Peter的思想斗争——决定告诉老师实情——老师表扬Peter诚实——学校表彰Peter——Peter告诉妈妈——妈妈感到骄傲——老师因此送出奖励 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①期待：expected/looked forward to/anticipated ②接近：approached to/be close to/came near/drew near ③决心：decided/determined/made up one’s mind/resolve 情绪类 ①高兴的：delighted/pleased/happy/cheerful ②兴奋的：excited/cordial/feverish 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. Without any hesitation, holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr. White quickly.(运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy. (运用了独立主格结构) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures分层作业 基础巩固 1、 核心单词翻译 1．freshman n. 2．literature n. 3．extra-curricular adj. 4．generation n. 5．adult n. adj. 6． n. 辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论 7． n. 内容；[pl.]目录；主题 8． n. （书、诗歌等的）名称；标题；职称；头衔 9． adj.额外的；附加的 10． adv.显然；明显地 2、 重点短语翻译 1. 对……负责 2. 报名(参加课程) 3. 对……适合的 4. 从……毕业；毕业于…… 5. 与……相比更喜欢…… 6. 对……很入迷 7. 习惯于 8. 集中注意力于…… 9. 跟上……；和……保持联系 10. 打扫(或消除)干净 三、请写出以下句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作成分。 1．I think the book very interesting. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 2．Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 3．He told me a funny story.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 4．She speaks English very fluently.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 5．Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 6．He is my best friend.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 7．She is full of fear, running out of the dark room.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 8．He is a very careful worker.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 9．The warm girl is my sister.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 10．We consider him a good teacher.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 四、单词拼写 1．His new book is very interesting, covering many hot (话题) and providing lots of cultural knowledge of the world. 2．The (生存，幸存) of plants depends on sunlight and water. 3．She told us her (冒险) while travelling in Africa. 4．Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in the (温室). 5．With a new farm bill to be (辩论) in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 6．When I became a (青少年) at middle school, I was interested in the mystery story. 7．I like to (挑战) myself. 8． (显而易见), the students should get well prepared for their future. 9．I have been (建议) to go to a big city to find a better job. 10．She has learned to make (芭蕾舞) clothes for herself since she was a little girl. 五、完成句子 1．①and ②beautiful ③a ④generous ⑤really (按顺序填入句中) She is   girl. 2．①beautiful ②the ③of our school ④campus (按顺序填入句中) Look! This is . 3．①than ②more ③important ④much (按顺序填入句中) The task is   ever. 4. ①a ②big ③with a beautiful garden ④such ⑤house(按顺序填入句中) He lives in . 5. ①of ②afraid ③dog ④the(按顺序填入句中) She doesn’t dare to go out alone at night, because she is . 6. We are all for our action. 我们所有人要完全为我们的行为负责。 7. He runs . 他跑得快极了。 8. A good friend is someone who ． 好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。 9. The I have ever seen is the peacock. 我见过的最漂亮的鸟是孔雀。 10. I have three . 我有三个要好的朋友。 六、单句语法填空 1．They start the same time from a starting line. (用适当的词填空) 2．No one can remember the shop we bought this computer ten years ago. (用适当的词填空) 3．I don’t want to listen to any reason you were absent from the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 4．I’m looking forward to the day my daughter can read the book that I write for her. (用适当的词填空) 5．Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth. (用适当 的词填空) 6．As kids want to see Las Vegas and all (it) many attractions, we are going to spend our summer holiday there this year.(所给词的适当形式填空) 7．If you follow my advice, you can know how (make) a fire in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．What fine weather! What about (go) to have a picnic this afternoon? (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．She for the train when it arrived. (wait) (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．They football in the park now. (play) (所给词的适当形式填空) 能力提升 一、阅读理解 I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mum I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day. Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mum. Even though I practised hard for the show, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mum to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet. My mum quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be. The music began and my heart started to race. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed in excitement. My mum found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mum in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I realized one important fact: My mum will always be there to catch me if I fall. 1．What happened to the author on her first day of ballet? A．She made no mistakes while dancing. B．She fell down and hurt herself. C．She lied to her mum about liking ballet. D．She realized she was talented in ballet. 2．What does the underlined phrase “got the hang of it” mean? A．Lost interest in it. B．Learned to do it well. C．Jumped high in the air. D．Had trouble with it. 3．How did the mother respond when the author expressed her difficulties in ballet? A．She encouraged her to quit and pursue something else. B．She simply laughed and ignored her concerns completely. C．She blamed her strictly for not practising enough. D．She offered to teach her everything she knew about ballet. 4．What did the author learn from her ballet experience? A．Never try something you are not good at. B．Don’t be afraid of disappointing others. C．Every mum will be proud of their children’s achievements. D．A mother’s love is pure and unconditional. 二、七选五 How to Adjust to a New School School is a base for students, where they learn to succeed. 1 When you go to a new school, you might worry that you don’t know anyone. You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict. Here are some ways to help you adjust to a new school. 2 Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as other important places. Prepare for the First Day 3 Being well rested will help you remove (去除) any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 17 years old. 4 Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don’t want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends. Make friends Take part in activities. Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have the same interests as yours. 5 You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something. A．You should go to school on time B．Leave early for school C．Get to Know the School D．Start off your first day of school with a good night’s sleep. E．Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble. F．But adjusting to a new school can be difficult. G．This will also give you a chance to show your skills at sport or other activities. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are some suggestions for you, which may help you enjoy your school life better. As senior high school students, going from junior high school to senior high school is really 1 (challenge) and you will be living a very busy life. So first of all, you should arrange your time properly. You’d better make a suitable schedule so that you know when to study, exercise and rest. Only in this way can you make good use of every minute. Besides, you have to think very 2 (careful) about which courses you want to take. When you have a problem you can’t work out alone, you’d better turn to your teachers or classmates for help. Furthermore, you may have difficulty in choosing after-class 3 (activity). Some of you may would like 4 (join) the school football team, but you have to consider whether you play well enough. If not, you should practice more after school 5 your own, trying to make the team next year. Never quit! Some students choose to join a volunteer club, 6 will give them good chances to help homeless people and challenge 7 (them). As senior high school students, you have to study 8 (hard) than before and get used to being responsible 9 a lot of things. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but you will be well prepared for university and whatever comes in the future. I hope the suggestions above will help you go through 10 rich and colorful school life. 拓展延伸 书面表达 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the test is difficult, I am well prepared for it.” Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote the word on his test paper quickly and confidently. “The second word: contribution,” Mr. White said. “So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down. Thirty minutes later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I’m going to mark your papers,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!” Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter got an English-Chinese dictionary —the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he waved it highly. “This is my happiest moment.” Peter shouted. After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his performance. All of a sudden, the word “contribution” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to the word. “C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n,” he whispered. It was wrong. “What should I do?” Peter asked himself, staring at the red full marks. 注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Peter was lost in thought. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$