必修第一册 Unit 4 Looking Good,Feeling Good 第1课时（课件PPT）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

第1课时——精析重难点·核心词汇的深化学习 目 录 语基检测 自学评价·启动课堂 课堂学案 精析重难·学通用活 课时作业评价 自学评价•启动课堂 语基检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden ________(在……里) the work. 2．The incident sparked off a whole ________(一系列) of events that nobody had foreseen. 3．Many ________(外部的) influences can affect your state of mind. within series external 4．The practice has ________(证明) that such teaching method has achieved very good results. 5．She's always on a ______(节食) but she never seems to lose any weight. 6．He had made some ________(相当) bad mistakes which I thought should be corrected. proved diet rather 7．More than one doctor has warned the patient that without proper _________(治疗) the disease will lead to lung failure. 8．Even plants can run a fever, especially when they're under ________(袭击) by insects or disease. 9．That lovely summer holiday in Beijing already feels like a distant ________(回忆)． treatment attack memory 10．He has a good habit of doing morning exercise every day to build up his ________(力量)． 11．Secondly, the Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes, which provide us with all kinds of _________(营养)． 12．Despite the power outage, the hospital continued to ________(运转) normally. strength nutrition function 13．As we know, China is an increasingly developing power in the world, which is sure to make great contributions to the world in all _________(方面)． 14．It is not surprising that you are so depressed recently; you are suffering from so much ________(压力)． aspects pressure Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I would be grateful if you could send the form back _____________(immediate) you complete it. 2．The two officers were __________(extreme) lucky to escape serious injury. 3．It's human nature to show off your own great ____________ (achievement)． immediately extremely achievements 4．It is time to put these arrangements on a ________(slight) more formal basis. 5．We look for applicants who are responsible, _________ (energy) and experienced in computers. 6．In order to get away from the terrible situation, we should take ________(effect) measures. slightly energetic effective 7．Lisa was very ___________(fright) as she saw a figure in the darkness. 8．We should concentrate _____our study now, because lost time will never return. 9．Every citizen should take responsibility to contribute to __________ (protect) the environment. frightened on protecting 10．I'm writing to tell you something about the upcoming volleyball tournament, which is scheduled __________(hold) in the new stadium next month. 11．A constant threat of unemployment hangs ______thousands of university researchers. to be held over Ⅲ.熟词生义 1．He published only three slim volumes of verse in his short life._______ 2．It was without a shadow of a doubt the best we've played.____________ 3．We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road.________________ 单薄的 少许，一点 微弱的，不清楚的 4．Her new dress was fashioned after a latest style.______ 5．I used the cash for taxis, newspapers and snacks and I used plastic to pay for hotels and meals._______ 6．The building is scheduled to be completed and handed over by the end of the year._______________________ 制作 信用卡 为……安排时间；预定 Ⅳ.选词填空 get into shape, in addition, slim down, lose weight, take in, live up to, in the long term, end up, show off 1．Many young girls of medium build tend to __________to look more beautiful, which they think can help improve their confidence. lose weight 2．Failing to assume responsibility may seem like a good idea at the time, but ______________it will not benefit you. 3．I couldn't ___________the professor's lecture at all.It was too difficult for me. 4．Chosen students dressed in costume will perform Tai Chi.___________, traditional Chinese drums will be played. in the long term take in In addition 5．The police said the hackers (黑客) were just looking to _________and get as much attention as possible. 6．I will do what I can to _________their expectations. 7．For anyone who wants to______________, rock climbing is a fun and effective way to exercise muscles. show off live up to get into shape 8．Jason ___________singing a beautiful song at the party although he refused to sing at first. 9．John wants to ___________by doing more exercise. ended up slim down Ⅴ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)______________________, students should be allowed to wear their own clothes. 在我看来，应该允许学生穿他们自己的衣服。 2．(完成句子)“Every coin has two sides，”__________________. 古语有云：凡事都有两面(有利也有弊)。 As far as I'm concerned the old saying goes 3．(完成句子)You'd better get your tickets online before starting off or you'll_________________________________________. (end up) 你最好出发前在网上购票，否则你要排三个小时或更长时间的队。 end up waiting in line for three hours or more 4．(一句多译)他走得太慢了，不能按时到那里。 ①He walked ____________________on time.(too ...to) ②He walked _______________________________on time.(so ...that) too slowly to get there so slowly that he couldn't get there 5．Exercise not only improves our health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency. →_______________________________________but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.(升级为倒装句) Not only does exercise improve our health 精析重难•学通用活 课堂学案 1．concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注；(使)浓缩n.浓缩物 John always concentrates on his studies.In class he concentrates his mind on what teachers said and answers questions actively.It is his power of concentration that contributes to his success. 约翰一直集中精力学习。在课堂上他专心听讲，积极回答问题。正是他的专注力让他获得了成功。 巧串记 (1)concentrate on (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事，集中精力于(做)某事 concentrate one's mind/attention/effort/energy on 集中注意力/精力于；致力于；专心于 (2)concentration n．　 专心，集中；浓度 精归纳 (1)单句语法填空/同义替换 ①As a consequence, they can't concentrate ____their study and tend to be sleepy in class. ②Attracted by traditional Chinese culture, many foreign youngsters are concentrating on ________(learn) Mandarin. ③We can skip over the details and focus on the general issues.______________ 应用通 on learning concentrate on (2)完成句子 ④When you _______________one task, you'll find you have energy that you don't even know you have. 当你专注于一项任务时，你会发现你拥有一种甚至你自己都不知道的能量。 concentrate on 联想发散：表示“专心于；全神贯注于”的短语还有： ①focus one's mind/attention on ②put one's heart into ③be buried/lost/absorbed in 2．effect n．效果，作用；影响 The new laws will come into effect next year.However, whether the laws will take effect or have a positive effect on people's life will depend on their practical action. 新条例将于明年开始生效。然而，新条例能否起作用或对人们的生活产生积极的影响，取决于人们的实际行动。 巧串记 (1)side effect　　　　　　　 　 副作用 have an effect on 对……有影响 bring/carry/put ... into effect 实施/使生效 take effect 开始起作用，生效 come into effect 开始生效 (2)effective adj. 有效的；生效的 精归纳　 (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect ____the risk of dementia. ②A balanced diet is most __________(effect) when combined with regular exercise. 应用通 on effective ③Using cell phones in class will ____________________students' study. 在课堂上使用手机会对学生们的学习产生不良影响。 have bad effects on (2)一句多译 ④这些建议的实施是为了保护青少年的视力。 →These suggestions ________________to protect the eyesight of teenagers.(主动语态) →These suggestions ________________________________to protect the eyesight of teenagers.(被动语态) came into effect were put/brought/carried into effect 3．frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 (续写之心理描写)I felt so frightened that my throat tightened and my legs felt weak. 我感到如此害怕，以至于喉咙发紧，腿发软。 助表达 (1)be frightened to do sth.　　 害怕做某事 be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事 (2)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；可怕的 (3)frighten vt. 使惊吓；使惊恐 frighten sb.into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事 (4)fright n. 惊吓；恐怖 with fright 害怕地 精归纳　 ①I am frightened ____walking home alone in the dark. ②I wasn't __________(frighten) by what he said — it was all bluster. ③In order to deal with the ___________(frighten) sandstorms, some experts put forward practical suggestions. 应用通 (单句语法填空/同义替换)　 of frightened frightening ④Her ___________face showed us that something ___________had happened to her family.(frighten) ⑤He had tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but, scared, it had run off.____________ frightened frightening frightened 4．contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加 (话题写作之环境保护)All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth. 所有的动物和植物都很重要，因为地球上各种生命形式的多样性是由每种物种构成的。 助表达 (1)contribute sth. to ...　 把某物捐献给…… contribute to 促成，造成；给……投稿 (2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献 make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献 精归纳　 ①Many companies were willing to contribute medical equipment _____local hospitals after the earthquake broke out. ②Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for you to show your dancing skills and make some _____________(contribute) to the class. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) to contributions ③The old man is interested in writing and he has contributed a number of articles _____our magazine ever since he retired. ④I am firmly convinced that honesty will contribute to ________(build) a warm and harmonious society. to building ⑤He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation and _______________________________________________________in our country. 他决定将自己的余生献给科学研究事业，为我国的科学发展做出贡献。 make a contribution/contributions to the development of science 5．schedule n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表 v．为……安排时间 (应用文之感谢信)Thanks to your help, we have completed the task ahead of schedule. 多亏了你的帮忙，我们已经提前完成了任务。 助表达 (1)ahead of schedule　　　　　提前 behind schedule 比规定时间晚 on schedule 按计划；准时 (2)be scheduled for＋时间 安排在某个时间 be scheduled to do sth. 预计做某事 精归纳 ①The ski race depends on the weather and is scheduled ______Saturday but may be moved to next Friday. ②Would you check to see if Flight 334 from Shanghai is arriving in New York _____schedule? ③Firstly，the festival _____________(schedule) to start at 9：00 a．m. on August 15th, which will last 3 hours. 应用通 (单句语法填空)　 for on is scheduled 6．treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理 (话题写作之活动介绍)The aid provided for people in the village included medical treatment and consultation. 给村民提供的援助包括医学治疗和咨询。 助表达 treat vt.　　　　　　　　 治疗；对待 n. 款待；招待 treat sb. well/badly 善待/虐待某人 treat sb. for ... (with ...) (用……)为某人治疗…… treat sb. as/like 把某人当作…… treat sb./oneself to sth. 用某物款待某人/自己 精归纳 ①After years of regular __________(treat), she finally recovered from the disease. ②Men and women must ___________ (treat) equally in education and employment. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子)　 treatment be treated ③I'll treat you ____lunch at the restaurant in front of our school. ④Child as he is, he likes to________________________. 尽管他是个孩子，但他喜欢被当作成年人对待。 to be treated as/like an adult 7．content n．内容；目录；容纳的东西 adj.满足的，满意的 v．使满足，使满意 (续写之场景描写)Here I am, alone under this broad sky, content to breathe the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. 苍穹之下，我独自一人，满足地呼吸着新鲜的空气，享受着这场伟大的冒险。 助表达 ①Fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building._______________ ②The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study._________ 辨析清 (写出下列句中加蓝部分的词性及含义) n.容纳的东西 n.内容 ③Whenever I read a book, I will first look through the contents page.________ ④Martina, a homeless lady, contented herself with a bowl of soup._________ ⑤Mr Green was content with what I had done and sang high praise for me.___________ n.目录 v.使满足 adj.满意的 (1)be content with　　　 对……满足/满意 be content to do sth. 乐于/满足于做某事 (2)content oneself with 满足于；使(某人)自己对……感到满足 精归纳 ⑥That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content _______(live) in the country. ⑦She dropped her purse and the __________(content) fell out on the floor. ⑧Those who are content _______their present situations will surely make no difference in life. 应用通 (单句语法填空)　 to live contents with 8．in addition此外 (续写之景物描写)In addition, the sun was gradually setting in the west, and the light was gradually fading.此外，太阳正逐渐西沉，光线也正渐渐黯淡。 助表达 (1)in addition to　　　　　 除……之外(还) (2)additional adj 附加的；额外的 additionally adv. 此外；另外；额外地 精归纳 (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①_____________ (addition), table manners play an important part during your visit. ②Working out in the morning provides __________ (addition) benefits beyond being physically fit. 应用通 Additionally additional ③ __________, you should show respect for all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain knowledge.此外，你应该尊重所有无私地帮助你获得知识的老师。 In addition (2)选词填空(in addition to/in addition) ④____________, three of the four classical novels were written in the Ming Dynasty. ⑤_____________ my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what I'm interested in. In addition In addition to 名师指津：in addition单独使用； in addition to后跟宾语，表示“除……之外(还……)”，等同于besides/apart from/as well as等。 9．hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生；搁置起来；挂在……之上 (续写之情绪描写)Her heart was broken and the cloud of gloom was hanging over her. 她的心都碎了，整个人笼罩在沮丧的阴云之中。 助表达 hang about/around　　　闲逛；徘徊 hang on 别挂断(电话)，稍等；紧紧抓住；坚持 hang up 挂断电话 精归纳 ①I had nothing to do but hang ____________on the street. ②It's hard work, but if you hang___, you will succeed in the end. ③He tried to break through the cloud of gloom _______________ ___________with a joke. 他试图用一个笑话打破笼罩在室友身上的阴霾。 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) about/around on hanging over his roommate 10．end up最终成为，最终处于 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)He ended up as one of the greatest poets in Chinese history and is honored as the Poet Sage. 他最终成为中国历史上最伟大的诗人之一，并被尊称为“诗圣”。 助表达 (1)end up doing sth.　　　 最终做…… end (up) with/in 以……结束 end up as 最终成为…… (2)come to an end 结束 bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth.to an end 结束/终止某事 精归纳 名师指津：(1)end up后跟动词时用v.－ing形式，即end up doing sth.。(2)end (up) in指以某种结果结束；end (up) with指以某种方式结束；end up as指“最终成为……”。 ①While studying, fix your mind on what is really important, or you will end up _____________(remember) nothing. ②The lecture ended up _______a poem of an ancient Chinese poet. ③If we neglect our future, we'll end up _____failure. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子)　 remembering with in ④Anderson was born into a poor family, but ended up ____one of the greatest writers of his time. ⑤The football match_______________, and the crowd soon cleared away from the football ground. 足球比赛结束了，人群很快就从足球场上散去了。 as came to an end 语境迁移应用(运用本单元知识完成下面语段) The right attitude towards your physical appearance Nowadays, being thin is seen as being beautiful, so lots of teenagers use some ①_______ (extremely) methods to slim ②________.③_______________________________________________________ (一些人被发现为了减肥经常不吃饭；be found to do sth.), down Some are found to regularly skip meals to lose weight extreme Which ④ _____________________ (对……有负面影响) their health.For example, when they are in class, they often find it hard to concentrate ⑤______ their lessons. Others take pills to lose weight.These pills ⑥ ___________________ (被证明是有害的) to lungs, liver, stomach and so on. has a negative effect on on prove to be harmful Health experts are worried (用本单元词汇升级蓝体词：⑦_________)about that and they suggest teenagers should not follow popular ⑧_______ (beautiful) blindly.⑨______________________________________________ ___________________ (为了保持精力充沛，他们应该均衡饮食，勤加锻炼；动词不定式作目的状语)． concerned beauty To keep energetic they should have a balanced diet and do some exercise Besides, learn to judge yourself by ⑩___________________ (内在的东西), not on the outside.In a word, like a book, your contents are much more important than your cover. what is on the inside 主题阅读集群训练 课时作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·南通模拟)I'm 52, and as surprising as it may seem, I'm a gymnast.In a sport for young girls, I have found an unlikely path to joy.When I enter the gym, no matter how much stress I might be feeling, my mind clears and I forget my life.I think of nothing but what I am doing. When I was 9, I went every Saturday to a gymnastic academy.The coach had gray hair and wore ballet shoes and had boundless enthusiasm.He would say, “You are going to be a gymnast.” And I believed him.I vividly remember the first time I did a round－off back handspring by myself, the weightlessness of it.I lived for Saturday mornings.I only ever did gymnastics recreationally — I didn't even know real gyms existed — but I always loved it. That long dormant (蛰伏的) love came roaring back in my forties.It happened in an instant, at parents' day for my daughter's beginning gymnastics class.The bars were just sitting there, and I had this overwhelming urge to grab hold and swing.But I couldn't make it through the warm－up (热身运动) at the first adult class I went.I felt bad during conditioning.I was the oldest person there.But that spark of memory glowed with possibility.I went back to class again, and again.It was hard and it was humbling.But soon I was doing back handsprings like I used to. There is nothing like the thrill of getting a new skill, that combination of speed, mechanics, timing, muscles, guts.There is an ineffable (不可言喻的) element, too, something like faith.By the time we reach middle age, most of us have had to deal with our fair share of unwelcome surprises, like illness, family crisis or the death of a beloved parent.But gymnastics has brought the most delightful surprises — I keep getting better, surpassing what I thought were limits, amazing myself by what I can do.At a time in life when many things feel like they are sliding down the slope towards old, gymnastics is a gift of fluency and competence in motion.I'm in the best shape of my life.I'm a better gymnast now than I was at 16. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在四十多岁的时候重拾体操技能，并在后来成为一个体操运动员，找到了状态最好的自己。 1．What inspired the author to love gymnastics when she was young? A．Her Saturday routine. B．The coach's enthusiasm. C．Her wish to be a gymnast. D．Pleasure from gymnastics. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I only ever did gymnastics recreationally”可知，作者喜欢体操只是为了娱乐，即作者能从体操中感受到愉悦。 2．What made the author go back to gymnastic classes in her forties? A．Her duty as a responsible parent. B．The desire to fit in with her daughter. C．The strong urge to play with the bars. D．Her sweet memory of doing gymnastics. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But that spark of memory glowed with possibility.”可知，做体操时的甜蜜回忆令作者重新去上体操课。 3．Which of the following can describe the author's personality? A．Faithful and easy－going. B．Humble and competent. C．Passionate and persistent. D．Ambitious and considerate. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，即使到了中年，作者仍然能抱着热情、积极的态度，坚持不懈地学习自己所热爱的体操。由此可推断她是一个热情且执着的人。 √ 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The dream of a fitness woman. B．A middle－aged person's pursuit. C．The story of a successful gymnast. D．A sport－lover's unusual experience. √ 解析：主旨大意题。纵观文章可知，作者在第一段就表明了自己已到中年，却仍然在做着年轻人的运动——体操，接下来介绍了自己与体操的渊源，文章最后作者发表了自己的感想：即使到了中年，我们也可以去追求更好的自己，寻找更好的状态。故B项“一个中年人的追求”能概括文章主旨。 B (2024·武汉调研)Have you ever suddenly developed an appetite from a passing glance at a freeway billboard featuring a brightly colored cheeseburger, or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a window full of lively shades and hues (色调) of sweet treats？If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting, we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value. Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D. Capaldi－Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方案) on taste and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a white plate was considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate. Apparently, we consume food with more of our senses than we realize. So when we're faced with so many appealing food choices and given the rainbow of colors around us, is there any way to control our appetite? Thankfully, some research says yes. Oliver Genschow demonstrated that when it comes to eating less, colors impact consumption. They specifically researched the effect of the color red. They found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate, as opposed to white or blue, and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup. They suggested that the color red reduces food and drink intake by functioning as a stop signal. But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory cues. And before you invest in much red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto the plates is much more important. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了颜色对人的胃口有影响，同时在文章最后一段作者就健康饮食给出了建议。 5．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye－catching food? A．The shortage of nutrition. B．The rich color of fine foods. C．The doctor's instructions. D．Advertisements everywhere. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting ...the lack of nutritional value.”可知，人们之所以可以拒绝诱人的食物，很大的原因在于有医嘱或进食限制。 6．What might be dealt with in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption? A．Benefits of different color schemes. B．Interesting examples of food service. C．The potential to promote food consumption. D．Effects of sensory cues on eating behavior. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption可能涉及感官信号对饮食行为有什么影响。 7．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A．Follow the sensory response. B．Make food choices sensibly. C．Wear sunglasses to block colors. D．Avoid colorful food intentionally. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者建议人们明智地做出食物选择。 √ 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How Can People Control Their Appetite? B．How Are People Tricked by Color Schemes? C．How Do Colors Impact Food's Appeal and Appetite? D．How Do Bright Colors Make Food More Appealing? √ 解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段引入话题，讲述了人们可能会被颜色艳丽的食物激起食欲，后文引用研究发现并举例阐释颜色对人胃口的影响。故C项“颜色如何影响食物的吸引力和食欲”最适合作本文的标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2024·山东省实验中学模拟) How to Take to Become a Morning Person As we all know, early to bed and early to rise is beneficial to health. 9 Here are some tips for you to take to become a morning person. ·Seek out as much natural light as possible.The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light. 10 When you wake up, pop outside for a walk around the block, or sit out back while you sip a cup of coffee.Besides, the black－out curtains you might use to foster a very dark sleeping environment isn't recommended.If the brightness bothers you overnight, consider wearing an eye mask that you take off as you start to wake up. · 11 There are two ways to approach your journey to early rising.You could force yourself to get up at your desired time every day, knowing that you'll feel tired in the first few days but will naturally start falling asleep earlier within a few weeks.You can shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour.Step by step it's easier for you to tolerate. ·Go to bed early in the evenings.A consistent bedtime isn't as crucial as sticking to the same rising time every day, but it's still important to make sure you're getting enough sleep.Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night. 12 Cut back on how much exposure to bright light you're getting, because being exposed to artificial light in the late evening holds back your body's ability to generate melatonin (褪黑素), which can interfere with both your ability to fall asleep and your sleep quality. ·Plan something to look forward to.To motivate you out of bed, you should treat yourself to something special you can enjoy the moment you get up.For example, you won't miss your favorite coffee or pastries when your alarm goes off at 5 am... 13 A．Ease in gradually. B．Be consistent with your schedule. C．You're not fearing it if you think of these. D．The sun is the driver of our internal clock. E．Enough sleep will enhance your immune function. F．However, it really needs dramatic courage to pull yourself out of the warm bed. G．Thus, you'll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个帮助早起的建议。 9．解析：选F　上文提到早睡早起有利于健康，再结合下文“这里有一些建议可以帮助你成为一个早起的人”可知，F项“然而，把自己从温暖的被窝里拽出来真的需要巨大的勇气”承上启下，符合语境。 10．解析：选D　上文提到，早起的秘诀是将自己暴露在明亮的光线下，D项“太阳是我们生物钟的驱动者”对上文作出解释，说明暴露在阳光下是能让人早起的原因。 11．解析：选A　空处是段落主题句。根据本段内容及最后一句“一步一步来，这会变得更容易忍受”可知，本段是介绍循序渐进培养早起习惯的两个方法，故A项“逐渐适应”符合语境。 12．解析：选G　根据本段主题句“Go to bed early in the evenings.”及空前的“Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night.”可知，因为大多数人要保证每晚至少睡7小时，所以想要早起，还应该早睡，G项“因此，当你过渡到一个新的时间表时，你可能需要把你的睡觉时间提前一点”符合语境，与上文形成因果关系，且呼应本段的主题。 13．解析：选C　上文提到，可以计划一些值得期待的事情来激励自己早起，如最喜欢的咖啡或糕点，这样早起就没有那么难了，故C项“想想这些，你就不会害怕早起了”承接上文，符合语境。C项中的“these”指代上文的“your favorite coffee or pastries”。   Ⅲ.完形填空 Meals on Wheels delivery service is for those facing life－threatening illnesses like Borden did back in 2012.She had just finished a Master's (硕士) program in 14 when she was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer called Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer. Borden moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan to take care of herself while 15 her mother. “It's a 16 time in your life when you have great need for nutrition but you can't provide healthy 17 for yourself，” Borden said. “Having a Master's in Nutrition (营养学), I knew how 18 nourishment (营养物质) was during my cancer treatment and recovery.” She started Revive and Thrive while going through treatment, 19 out to local hospitals and kitchens to get the organization off the ground. Soon she was 20 meals for patients referred to her by social workers, nurses and doctors in the area. She 21 each patient to learn about what their nutrition needs are and how long they'll need help. Then, she gets to 22 . “Serving meals to patients is equally important as teaching them to cook healthy foods, to 23 job skills, life skills and the joy of being able to 24 others in their community，” Borden says. She works with a head chef who 25 the nutrient－rich meals and makes sure each meal contains the necessary vitamins and proteins that a person fighting a life－threatening illness 26 . “When you're 27 and dealing with cancer by yourself, it can cause you more depression. Knowing somebody cares about what you eat is 28 ，” she said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Borden在自己被诊断患癌症后，成立了一个为癌症病人提供健康饮食的组织，她认为有人关心自己的饮食会让病人受到鼓舞，更好地对抗疾病。 14．A.medicine　　　　 B．education C．economics D．nutrition 解析：根据下文的“Having a Master's in Nutrition”可知，Borden是学营养学的。 √ 15．A.nursing B．teaching C．guiding D．training 解析：根据上文的“Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer.”可知，她的妈妈也生病了，故此处表示她边照顾自己，边照顾妈妈。nurse和take care of是同义词复现。 √ 16．A.dangerous B．hard C．common D．valuable 解析：根据上文的“Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer.”可知，此处表示那是一段艰难的时期。 √ 17．A.lifestyles B．spirit C．meals D．sleep 解析：根据下文的“Soon she was meals for patients”可知，此处表示提供健康的饮食。meals是原词复现。 √ 18．A.rare B．adequate C．comfortable D．important 解析：结合常识可知，营养物质对于病人来说很重要。 √ 19．A.going B．calling C．reaching D．speaking 解析：句意：她在治疗期间启动了Revive and Thrive，求助于当地的医院和餐厅，让组织发展起来。结合句意可知，此处考查短语reach out“求助于”。 √ 20．A.enjoying B．preparing C．checking D．comparing 解析：结合上下文可知，Borden成立的Revive and Thrive就是为病人准备健康饮食的组织。 √ 21．A.tells B．cures C．exams D．meets 解析：结合句意可知，此处是指Borden去和每个病人见面了解他们所需营养的情况。 √ 22．A.rest B．work C．study D．worry 解析：结合上下文可知，此处是指Borden了解了病人的需求后，开始营养餐的准备工作。 √ 23．A.learn B．show C．require D．test 解析：结合句意可知，此处是指帮助病人学会生活和工作技能。 √ 24．A.judge B．serve C．gather D．relax 解析：根据上文“Serving meals to patients is equally important as teaching them to cook healthy foods”可知，此处表示服务他人。serve是原词复现。 √ 25．A.eats B．expects C．creates D．proves 解析：结合句意可知，主厨的任务是开发和制作营养餐。 √ 26．A.needs B．makes C．shares D．provides 解析：结合句意可知，此处是指对抗疾病所需的营养物质。 √ 27．A.alone B．wise C．old D．free 解析：根据空后“by yourself”可知，此处表示独自对抗癌症。 √ 28．A.interesting B．amusing C．amazing D．inspiring 解析：结合上下文可知，此处是指病人知道有人关心自己的饮食会让他们受到鼓舞、精神振作。 √ $$