必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 第2课时（Word教师用书）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

第2课时——强化表达功·写作短板的专项补弱 1．in order to ...作目的状语 (1)in order to 意为“为了……”，表示目的，在用法和意义上相当于so as to结构，但是in order to结构可以用于句首、句中，而so as to多用于句中，其否定式分别为：in order not to 和so as not to。 (2)in order to和so as to在句中表示目的时，常可以转化成in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则)　 (完成句子/句型转换) ①What disappoints me most is that only 10% of the students choose to read in their spare time in_order_to/so_as_to_acquire_knowledge and improve writing ability. 最令我感到失望的是，只有10%的学生为了获取知识和提高写作能力而选择在空闲时间阅读。 ②In order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign her position as manager. →In_order_that_she_can_look_after_her_sick_mother,_my friend decided to resign her position as manager. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ③(2023·浙江1月高考写作)上周末，学生会举办了一项名为“认识我们身边的植物”的有意义活动，以教育我们更多有关日常生物学的知识。 The Students' Union held a meaningful activity named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” last weekend in_order_to/so_as_to_educate_us_more_about_daily_biology. ④为了提高学习效率，我敦促大家养成独立思考和及时复习的习惯。 In_order_to_improve_learning_efficiency,_I urge that all of us (should) form the habit of thinking independently and going over lessons in time. 2．not ...but ...“不是……而是……” (1)not ... but ...意为“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。 (2)当not ... but ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的还有：or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ...等。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则)　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Not you but the interpreter is (be) to answer for it. ②It is often said that the joy of travelling is not_in_arriving_at_your_destination_but_in_the_journey_itself. 人们常说，旅行的乐趣不在于到达目的地，而在于旅程本身。 ③My experience tells me that it is not_what_you_are_given_but_how_you_make_use_of_it that determines who you are. 我的经验告诉我，决定你是谁的不是你被给予了什么，而是你如何利用所被给予的。 |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ④是你现在做的事情而不是你说的话对你今后的生活有重大影响。 It is not_what_you_say_now_but_what_you_do that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow. ⑤重要的不是故事本身，而是故事所反映的内容。 It is not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story that counts. 1．赏用词与句式之美 Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history.Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. 写法领悟：第一句中分别使用了不定式短语to receive ...，过去分词短语awarded for ...作定语，以及名词短语one of ...作同位语，以简单句的形式传递了大量的信息，同时也增加了表达的灵活性和层次感。第二句中的thanks to增加了语气中的感激之意，副词greatly修饰increased，起到了加强语气的作用，强调全世界疟疾患者的存活率得到大大提高。 2．赏句式与意境之美 Inspired by an over 1,600－year－old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. 写法领悟：第一句中用过去分词作状语交代了她灵感的来源，用动名词短语作介词about的宾语进一步解释了text的具体信息，用in order to ...短语交代了原因和目的，各种高级用法交替使用，展现了深厚的写作功底，提升了文章的档次。第二句中“190 failures”写出了屠呦呦的坚韧不拔，同时也渗透着“立德树人”的核心素养，启示读者成功不可能一蹴而就，要有持之以恒的决心和毅力。 3．赏用词与结构之美 The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.In November 1972, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu — the most effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients.More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. 写法领悟：本部分采用“总－分”结构，以时间为线索，讲述了屠呦呦及其团队取得的成就。第一句中的关键词paid off起到了统领下文的作用，pay off强调经过努力后最终取得成功，用在此处暗指屠呦呦及其团队取得的成就源自他们的辛勤付出。 [针对练笔]　(根据提示完成句子) ①The_first_landmark_to_catch_my_eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.(to do作定语) 最先映入我眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。 ②Thanks_to_efforts_of_many_people,_you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. 由于许多人的努力，现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 ③Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her_hard_work_paid_off_in_the_end. 桑德拉决心成为医生，她的努力最终使她取得了成功。 本单元主题是“杰出人物”，属于“人与社会”的主题语境。作为高考设题的热门主题，近几年主要以短文投稿的形式考查杰出人物的可贵品质和精神、社会贡献以及带给我们的启示和影响，旨在引导学生关注杰出人物及其对社会的贡献，思考杰出人物的责任担当和献身精神的价值所在，学习其坚韧不拔的意志、无私奉献的品质。　　 构建语义场 (一)杰出人物的优秀品质 1．serve ...heart and soul　 　 全心全意为……服务 2．devote oneself to 献身于 3．make every/great effort to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事 4．deserve the respect of people 值得人们的尊敬 5．They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. 他们夜以继日地工作，由于条件恶劣，他们的健康开始受损，但却从未放弃。 6．He was intelligent and experienced enough to notice its potential and his hard work and determination helped get its mass production started. 他足够聪明且经验丰富，注意到了它(盘尼西林)的潜力，他的努力和决心促成了它的大规模生产。 (二)杰出人物的突出成就 1．for his contributions to the studies of electricity因为他对电学的贡献 2．manage to find solutions to the problem成功找到解决这个问题的方法 3．overcome enormous technical difficulties 攻克了艰巨的技术难题 4．make great achievements in many fields在许多领域取得了巨大的成就 5．be considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine 被认为是对中医药发展的巨大贡献 6．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她为抗击疟疾所做出的贡献——疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。 (三)杰出人物的影响力 1．encourage scientists to further explore ...鼓励科学家们进一步探索…… 2．set an outstanding example to sb. 为某人树立了杰出的榜样 3．leave a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象 4．make sb.more interested in science 让某人对科学更感兴趣 5．His life experience is inspiring young people to achieve their dreams.他的人生经历正鼓舞着年轻人去实现他们的梦想。 6．Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad. 袁隆平凭其不可估量的贡献，在国内外获奖无数。 平时勤练笔 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目]　假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom来信询问你最敬佩的科学家。请你给Tom写封回信，内容包括： 1．简单介绍该科学家；　2.敬佩他/她的原因； 3．他/她对你的影响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分　导入主题，点明自己敬佩的科学家是谁 [头脑风暴]　人物介绍类作文导入主题的方式有哪些？ 1．我最钦佩的科学家是袁隆平，他是中国的农业先驱。 The_scientist_I_admire_most_is_Yuan_Longping,_an_agricultural_pioneer_of_China. 2．至于我最喜欢的科学家，那一定是袁隆平，一位中国的农业先驱。 As_for_my_favorite_scientist,_it_must_be_Yuan_Longping,_an_agricultural_pioneer_of_China. 3．作为答复你来信中询问的有关我最钦佩的科学家的问题，我非常高兴地向你简介我最尊敬的一位——中国农业先驱袁隆平。 In response to your letter inquiring about the scientists I admire most, I'm more than delighted to brief you on the one I respect most — Yuan Longping, an agricultural pioneer of China. 第二部分　结合人物的贡献说明你敬佩的原因 要点1：做出的贡献 [从教材中学]　 1．To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 2．Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. [到写作中用]　众所周知，许多国家都存在饥饿现象。为了帮助更多的人获得足够的粮食，袁隆平致力于提高杂交水稻(hybrid rice)的产量。由于他的研究，(杂交水稻的)产量翻了一番。 To_help_more_people_to_get_enough_food,_Yuan_Longping_devoted_himself_to_improving_the_output_of_hybrid_rice.Thanks_to_his_research,_the_output_doubled. 要点2：该贡献的影响和意义 [从教材中学]　A good example to illustrate this point is the discovery of qinghaosu, which is referred to as an effective treatment for malaria. [到写作中用]　更重要的是，袁隆平愿意与他人分享他的成就，这为消除世界饥饿做出了贡献。 More importantly, Yuan Longping was willing to share his achievement with others, which_contributed_to_ridding_the_world_of_hunger. 第三部分　对你产生的影响 要点1：哪些方面让你深受鼓舞 [从教材中学]　However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments. [到写作中用]　正是他的创新和献身精神给我留下了深刻的印象，带给我极大的鼓舞。 It_is_his_spirit_of_innovation_and_devotion_that_leaves_a_deep_impression_on_me_and_inspires_me_a_lot. 要点2：你的决心 [从教材中学]　She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. [到写作中用]　我会努力学习，希望像他一样为国家和人民做出贡献。 I_will_study_hard,_hoping_to_make_contributions_to_our_country_and_people_like_him. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear Tom， Nice to hear from you.The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, an agricultural pioneer of China. To help more people to get enough food, Yuan Longping devoted himself to improving the output of hybrid rice.Thanks to his research, the output doubled.More importantly, Yuan Longping was willing to share his achievement with others, which contributed to ridding the world of hunger. It is his spirit of innovation and devotion that leaves a deep impression on me and inspires me a lot.I will study hard, hoping to make contributions to our country and people like him. Yours sincerely， Li Hua [课时作业评价]　　　　主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)I took part in a seven－day activity to get a taste of what_it_is_like to live without mobile phones and the Internet. 我参加了一个为期七天的活动，为了体验一下没有手机和网络的生活是什么样的。 2．(完成句子)Even_though_there_isn't_much_hope_of_success,_I do recommend giving it a try. 即使成功的希望不大，我还是建议你去试一试。 3．(完成句子)You_shouldn't_take_it_for_granted_that everyone should help you.(take it for granted that ...) 你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。 4．(一句多译)天气允许的话，这个周末我将陪同父母去拜访你。 ①If_weather_permits,_I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend. ②Weather_permitting，I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend. 5．I didn't realize the importance of fighting against waste until I took part in the fruit－picking activity. →It_was_not_until_I_took_part_in_the_fruit－picking_activity_that I realized the importance of fighting against waste.(用强调句升级) 6．It is very important for college students to master a foreign language. →It is_of_great_importance for college students to master a foreign language.(用“be of＋抽象名词”结构升级) Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·福州模拟)Every night as the whole family fell asleep, Catalina would slide from home to the Cerro Tololo observatory (天文台)．Papa was the mechanic (修理工) of the observatory, but during the day Papa would not allow her to get closer to the telescopes there.Only at night, Catalina was allowed in with the permission of the night staff. Catalina loved helping to service the grand telescopes, the eyes that look out into the universe.She wanted badly to be an astronomer someday.Adults never took her dream seriously.Even her father laughed, “Maybe you'll be hired to clean the offices.” One day in library, Catalina was reading a plant journal when she stopped at the picture of an unusual white flower.“It's called wild carrot，” a Spanish astronomer, who she saw several times in the observatory, stood behind her.“Pretty, isn't it? I've always liked that flower, because it looks like a galaxy.” “A spiral galaxy (旋涡星系)，” she whispered.Blond eyebrows climbed the scientist's forehead.“Indeed.And what is your name, young lady？” he asked. “I'm Catalina Solis.” “Eduardo Solis's daughter? The mechanic？” “Yes，” she gave a look at him.“I want to be an astronomer when I grow up.” He laughed kindly, no longer meeting her eyes, and patted her on the shoulder.“Yes, of course, my dear.Work hard in school, and it will happen.” One evening, Catalina scanned the top of the observatory as usual.Suddenly she noticed the angle of the one－meter telescope was unusual.The telescope was pointed down, lower than she had ever seen it.Catalina learned from Papa how dangerous it would be.If left like it was, the telescope would move past its limit and be damaged.So without hesitation she got inside the observatory. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 She saw the Spanish scientist buried in work there.　 　 The scientist's words meant a lot to her.　 　 　 参考范文： She saw the Spanish scientist buried in work there.Catalina walked gently towards the scientist, who happened to lift his head and noticed her.“Still want to know more about flowers, Catalina Solis？” Catalina shook her head and told the scientist her discovery about the telescope.Without any hesitation, the scientist stood up and approached the one－meter telescope, observing, checking and adjusting the angle of it.A couple of minutes later，he spoke at last, “Thank you, young lady.What you found is quite timely and crucial.You are really a good candidate for an astronomer.” The scientist's words meant a lot to her.She smiled so happily as it was the first time an adult had confirmed her dream.She made up her mind to run after her dream and nothing would stop her.The scientist invited her to work as an assistant, working with him.After years of hard work, Catalina, who had been equipped with abundant theory and practice, was admitted to an astronomy university.Her childhood dream finally became a reality.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.However, to Catalina, it's the scientist's encouragement that pushed her so far. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$