选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction 第2课时（Word教师用书）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

第2课时——强化表达功·写作短板的专项补弱 1．现在分词(短语)作定语 (1)现在分词充当定语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。也可以说明被修饰词的性质、状态或动作，此时可换成相应的(进行时)定语从句。 (2)某些现在分词充当定语时，已不再表示动作，已经从分词变为了形容词词性，如an interesting story, an exciting match。这些也可以属于现在分词作定语，但是不能转化为相应的定语从句，但是可以有比较级和最高级的变化和被某些副词如very等修饰。 (3)单个分词充当定语时一般放在所修饰名词前，分词短语充当定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。 (4)现在分词与动名词充当定语的区别：动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途，而现在分词修饰名词时表示性质、状态或动作等。 注意：在message, letter, sign, news, notice等词后要用现在分词作定语，不用过去分词，这是考试的易错点。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点)　 ①The city is a popular destination for tourists who are seeking a modern and vibrant urban experience. →The city is a popular destination for tourists seeking_a_modern_and_vibrant_urban_experience. ②We've had an urgent message. It is said that your father is ill. →We've_had_an_urgent_message_saying_that_your_father_is_ill. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ③初升的太阳看起来很美。 The_rising_sun_looks_very_beautiful. ④在房间中央跳舞的夫妇随着音乐舞动，完全沉浸在他们跳舞的那一刻。 The_couple_dancing_in_the_center_of_the_room,_moving_to_the_music,_were_completely_lost_in_their_moment. 2．find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth. (1)“find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.”结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，形容词或名词作宾语补足语。 (2)it 作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中： “6”指常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；“1”指形式宾语：it；“2”指宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词和名词；“3”指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词和从句。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点)　 ①The two girls are so alike.The strangers find that telling one from the other is difficult. →The two girls are so alike that the strangers find_it_difficult_to_tell_one_from_the_other. ②I consider that there is no use quarrelling with him about it. →I consider_it_no_use_quarrelling with him about it. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ③我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。 I think_it_necessary_that_you_(should)_go_over your homework before you hand it in. ④火势以令人恐惧的速度蔓延着，由于风太大，人们发现想保住这座房子是不可能的了。 The fire spread with fearful speed, and for there was a high wind, people found_it_impossible_to_save_the_house. 1．赏结构之美 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.He always treated her with dignity.She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary.She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around. 写法领悟：作者使用了it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语这个句型，准确地表达了克莱尔对机器人的最初的疏远态度，为后来的态度转变奠定了基础。而后作者使用了 how 引导的宾语从句，在从句中又包含一个that引导的原因状语从句和后面who引导的非限制性定语从句，解释拉里的情况。这几处的巧妙运用，增加了句式的灵活性，使表达重点突出，即明确地表达出了克莱尔开始信任托尼，对其诉说心里话的情况。 2．赏用词与衔接之美 As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.Claire went downtown and bought these things.She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly.He spoke to the woman, who immediately changed her attitude. 写法领悟：作者使用了一系列的动词(短语)：wrote out, went downtown, bought, had an appointment, went into, rang等，表达方式灵活，生动形象地描绘出了克莱尔与托尼合作的情景，表现了两人友好的关系进展。其中还使用了衔接词then, so等，使行文连贯，过渡自然。 [针对练笔]　(依据提示完成句子) ①We got_into_his_car,_drove_up_the_road,_and_stopped near a house down from a tree. 我们上了他的车，开上道路，然后停在了离一棵树有些距离的房子附近。 ②Alice rose to her feet, for it_flashed_across_her_mind_that she had never before seen such a rabbit, and burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it. 爱丽丝站起来，由于突然闪过她脑海的是她从来没见过这样的兔子。然后她好奇地穿过田野，追赶那只兔子。 本单元的主题是“科技与未来”，属于人与社会主题语境。高考在设题时通常以演讲稿、征文、议论文等载体考查对未来的生活、工作、学习的预测、人与人工智能的关系等内容，旨在吸引学生对科技发展和信息技术的兴趣，辩证思考人类发展与科技之间的关系，启发学生从多维角度深入思考人类社会发展，引导他们为实现美好未来而努力。 　　　 构建语义场 (一)未来的家庭 1．come true　　　　　　　 实现 2．be available 可利用的 3．benefit from 从……获益 4．scientific breakthrough 科学突破 5．Robots will take care of my family by obeying voice commands. 机器人会通过服从语音命令来照顾我的家。 6．Some people can live at the bottom of the sea. 有些人可以住在海底。 7．Traveling to the distant universe will become a reality. 去遥远的宇宙旅行将成为现实。 8．I safely forecast that our future life will be better and more convenient. 我肯定地预测，我们未来的生活将会更好、更方便。 (二)未来的工作 1．have more flexible work schedules 有更灵活的工作时间安排 2．achieve a better work­life balance 在工作和生活之间获得更好的平衡 3．save money on transport costs 节省交通方面的开支 4. Our office is filled with high­tech devices. 我们的办公室中充满了高科技设备。 5．We can imagine a future in which robots will do a variety of jobs. 我们可以想象一个未来，机器人将做各种各样的工作。 6．Robots are supposed to do boring and difficult jobs that humans can't do or don't want to do. 机器人应该做人类做不到或不想做的无聊而困难的工作。 (三)未来的教育 1．distance learning courses　　 远程教育课程 2．improve learning efficiency 提高学习效率 3．study at their own pace 按照他们自己的进度来学习 4．There is no need for children to go to school and they can study at home. 孩子们不需要去学校上学，他们可以在家学习。 5．In the future, people will lay more emphasis on health education. 在未来，人们将更加重视健康教育。 6．Students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational institutions on the Internet according to their levels, interests and needs. 学生可以根据自己的水平、兴趣和需求在互联网上选择一些教育机构提供的课程。 平时勤练笔 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目]　假定你是李华，某英文杂志正在举行主题为“Life in the future”的征文活动，请你写一篇短文参赛。内容主要包括未来的生活、工作及学习中至少两方面。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分：对未来的总体印象 [从教材中学]　It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future. [到写作中用]　如果我们发现未来的生活更舒适、便捷，那是不足为奇的。我们会从各个方面的科学进步中受益匪浅。 It_would_not_be_surprising_if_we_find_life_more_comfortable_and_more_convenient in the future.We'll benefit a lot from the_scientific_advancements_in_a_variety_of aspects. 第二部分：想象未来的生活和学习 要点1：未来家庭生活 [从教材中学]　 1．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human. 2．He seemed more like a human than a machine. [到写作中用]　我们在日常生活中被更像真人的机器人照料。智能住宅的设备会给我们提供关于潜在危险的警告。 In_our_daily_life,_we_will_be_looked_after_by_robots,_which_are_more_like_humans.The devices in the smart houses will give_us_warnings_about_the_potential_dangers. 要点2：未来学习生活 [头脑风暴]　有哪些词块可以表达未来学习生活？ 1．虚拟现实学校virtual­reality_school 2．能够在线选择课程 be_able_to_choose_subjects_online 3．高科技设备high­tech_devices 4．虚拟老师和同学们virtual_teachers_and_classmates [连词成句]　Students will just stay at home and study_in_a_virtual­reality_school.When they put on their 3D helmets, they_will_feel_as_though_they_are_actually_in_classrooms _interacting_with_virtual_teachers_and_classmates. 学生们会待在家里，在虚拟现实学校学习。当他们戴上3D头盔时，他们会觉得自己实际上是在教室里与虚拟老师和同学互动。 第三部分：表达期望 [从教材中学]　I had a strong urge to look of the random things that were being flashed before my eyes. [到写作中用]　我很想把更多的时间用在创造、思考和“成为人类自己”上。 I_have_a_strong_desire_to_spend_more_time_on_creating,_thinking_and_“being_human”． [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Life in the future It would not be surprising if we find life more comfortable and more convenient in the future.We'll benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in a variety of aspects. In our daily life, we will be looked after by robots, which are more like humans.The devices in the smart houses will give us warnings about the potential dangers.In addition, students will just stay at home and study in a virtual­reality school. When they put on their 3D helmets, they will feel as though they are actually in classrooms interacting with virtual teachers and classmates. In the future, I have a strong desire to spend more time on creating, thinking and “being human”． [课时作业评价]　　　　主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)If chosen, Mr Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn_out_to_be_an_excellent_manager (证明是一名优秀的经理)． 2．(完成句子)I was feeling so intentional and strong that I_wasn't_going_to_let_fear_just_take_over (我是不会让恐惧占据一切的)． 3．(完成句子)I found_it_tiring_to_begin_with (起初觉得很累) but I soon got used to it. 4．(一句多译)随着期末考试的临近，我们的老师敦促我们努力学习。 ①Our teacher urges_us_to_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb.to do sth.) ②Our teacher urges_us_into_studying_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb.into doing sth.) ③Our teacher urges_that_we_(should)_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge that ...) 5．According to calculations, there are 1500 people in the venue.(用it作形式主语升级) →It_is_calculated_that there are 1500 people in the venue. 6．The man is a retired teacher. He is sitting in the corner and reading a book.(用现在分词短语作定语升级) →The man sitting_in_the_corner,_reading_a_book,_is a retired teacher. Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·武汉调研)Watching the stars while lying in a tent hotel __1__ sitting under the large outdoor shade with a cup of coffee certainly sounds like an appealing treat.Chinese travelers are appreciating such __2__ (experience), as glamping (豪华露营) has emerged as a new vacation trend. During the recent holiday, Zhao Yue from Beijing joined her friends for a vacation in a camping site in the southwest region. Located at __3__ average altitude (海拔) of 3,000 meters, a vast grassland there offers the perfect __4__ (relax) in nature.The site has a row of camping tents as well as steel­framed tents with decorations and modern facilities, offering campers like Zhao a mix of tradition and luxury. “The hotel is __5__ fantastic nature meets modern luxury, and spending a night there is like living in the nature，” Zhao said.Although a room cost 1,000 yuan, Zhao __6__ (treasure) the opportunity to live in the natural environment. Such tent hotels __7__ (build) in forests, valleys, on the grassland, or along rivers are gaining __8__ (rise) popularity among Chinese tourists.Many travelers also prefer to set up their own tents on campgrounds by renting equipment. Glamping, this absorbing new vacation trend, features camping with basic conveniences.__9__(like) traditional camping, it is a different way __10__ (ease) the pressure of urban life with the adventure recreation. 语篇解读：本文介绍了一种引人注目的新度假潮流——豪华露营。与传统的露营不同，它是一种通过冒险娱乐来缓解城市生活压力的方式。 1．or　考查连词。根据语境和sounds可知，此处表示选择关系，故填or。 2．experiences　考查名词复数。 此处 experience意为“经历，体验”，是可数名词。空前无冠词修饰，故应用其复数形式experiences。 3．an　考查冠词。 at an altitude of“在……海拔上”，是固定词组；又因为average 的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 4．relaxation　考查名词。 句中offers 为动词，后应接名词作宾语，故填relaxation。 5．where　考查连词。分析句子成分可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 6．treasured　考查时态和语态。 根据语境可知，该空表示的动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时，且主语Zhao 与treasure 之间构成主动关系，故填treasured。 7．built　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。build 与 tent hotels 之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词 built。 8．rising　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词popularity，其与rise构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，表示“越来越受欢迎”，故填rising。 9．Unlike　考查语境辨义。 根据句意“与传统的露营不同，它是一种通过冒险娱乐来缓解城市生活压力的不同方式”可知，此处应填Unlike。注意首字母大写。 10．to ease　考查非谓语动词。 名词 way 后常接动词不定式作定语，表示“做某事的方法”，故填to ease。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2024·华中师大附中模拟)你校上周举办了以“智创科技，触碰未来”为主题的科技节活动。请为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动目的；　2.活动内容；　3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：智创科技，触碰未来Innovation and technology, touching the future A Successful Sci­tech Festival ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： A Successful Sci­tech Festival The school's yearly sci­tech festival was successfully held last week, aiming to encourage students' active engagement with science and technology. The festival, featuring “Innovation and technology, touching the future”， attracted lots of students to participate in a variety of activities such as robotics competitions, science exhibitions, and coding contests.But the highlight of this grand gathering was the three forums, from which we gained a deeper insight on how technology is changing the world. Overall, the festival received an enthusiastic response.It served as a platform for young minds not only to showcase their creativity and ingenuity, but also to explore how they might reshape the future by means of science. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$