选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 第1课时（Word教师用书）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

第1课时——精析重难点·核心词汇的深化学习 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Moments later, my head was finally released (释放) from this horrible pumpkin cage. 2．Here are five ways to sustain (维持) long­distance friendships. 3．In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organizations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend (趋势)． 4．For this website to work worldwide (遍及全球地), a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. 5．Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast (播送) more often than before. 6．Tom was seized (控制) by a strong sense of relief, tears streaming down his cheeks. 7．The reform (改革) is popular with the mass of teachers and parents. 8．Today the police launched a campaign (运动) to reduce road accidents. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．He used tree leaves to stay warm and wild fruits to keep him from dying of starvation (starve)． 2．Try to buy wood that you know has come from a sustainable (sustain) source. 3．Nana and I created a blog and frequently (frequent) updated about the community's efforts. 4．It was announced that these new speed restrictions (restrict) would be introduced. 5．Some of us are sensitive to smells while others find colours easier to remember. 6．My father's life work was put into the conservation (conserve) of cultural relics. 7．Engineers carried out a thorough inspection (inspect) of the track. 8．They need to be tolerant (tolerate) of different points of view. Ⅲ.熟词生义(写出黑体部分的词性及汉语意思) 1．Research suggests warm colours fuel our appetites.vt.刺激 2．There will be fines for people who drop litter.n.罚款 3．We have no intention of submitting to such threats.vi.屈服 4．The electricity industry is not the only one to have been starved of investment.vi.使极其缺乏 5．This library has 100,000 volumes.n.一卷 6．Honesty is the best policy.n.原则 Ⅳ.选词填空 have an impact on, refer to, be trapped in, take action, die out, on behalf of, dozens of, end up 1．Some species will soon die_out if we do nothing about it. 2．On_behalf_of the Students' Union, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you. 3．Society begins to have_an_impact_on the developing child. 4．When writing papers, we have to refer_to a lot of references concerned. 5．About 50,000 people are_trapped_in the town, which has been blockaded for more than 40 days. 6．However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended_up almost missing the sunset entirely. 7．Dozens_of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks. 8．All in all, it is high time that we should take_action quickly to protect the oceans. Ⅴ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)There_is_little/no_doubt_that_you_are_sure_to_speak_fluent_English if you practice every day. 毫无疑问，如果你每天都练习的话，一定能讲流利的英语。 2．(一句多译)话题广泛的《青年》吸引了许多学生，并带领我们进入外部世界。 ①Youth covering_a_wide_variety_of_topics attracted many students and led us into the outer world.(现在分词短语作定语) ②Youth which_covers_a_wide_variety_of_topics attracted many students and led us into the outer world.(定语从句) 3．(一句多译)在同学们的欢呼声中，他第一个到达终点。 ①With_his_classmates_cheering_for_him,_he became the first to get to the finishing line.(with复合结构) ②His_classmates_cheering_for_him,_he became the first to get to the finishing line.(独立主格结构) 4．It rained heavily, and it caused severe flooding in that place.(升级为现在分词短语作状语) →It rained heavily, causing_severe_flooding_in_that_place. 5．The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(升级为现在分词短语作定语) →The festival dating_back_to_the_Ming_Dynasty_to_celebrate_the_harvest_in_autumn is held in November every year. 1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死；使极其缺乏；使迫切需要 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之语言学习)I am starving to study English well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. 我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)starve to death　　　　 饿死 starve to do sth. 渴望做某事 starve for sth. 渴望得到某物 (2)starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死 |应|用|通|　 (1)单句语法填空 ①I was starving to death after all that exhausting work so I took the Mexico­originated food, grateful and deeply moved. ②In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation (starve)． ③I am inexperienced in this field, so I starve for your help in such condition. (2)一句多译 在众多渴望成功的人中，有些人成功了，而另一些人不幸失败了。 ④Among a vast of people who starve_for_success,_some succeed while others fail unfortunately.(starve for) ⑤Among a vast of people who starve_to_succeed,_some succeed while others fail unfortunately.(starve to) 2．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之自然资源)Limited natural resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products. 有限的自然资源限制了我们开发新产品的能力。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)restrict sth.to sth. 　 限制某物在某范围 (2)restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束 without restriction 无限制地 impose/place restrictions on　 对……施加限制 lift restrictions on 解除限制 (3)restricted adj. 受限制的；有限的；受约束的 be restricted to 仅限于；局限于 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①We restrict the number of students per class to 10. ②The tournament is restricted (restrict) to players under the age of 23. ③The government has agreed to lift restrictions (restrict) on press freedom. ④However, he couldn't walk and was_restricted_to a wheelchair. 然而，他不能走路，只能坐在轮椅上。 ⑤The government has imposed/placed_restrictions_on the emission of greenhouse gas to reduce carbon emission. 政府对温室气体的排放作了限制，以减少碳排放。 3．submit vt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之学校生活)As students, we must submit ourselves to the discipline at school. 作为学生，我们必须服从学校的纪律。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)submit oneself to　　 服从于；屈从于 submit ...to ... 向……提交…… (2)submission n. 提交(的文件)；屈服；服从 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①Please submit your works to our website no later than May 30. ②The plan will be_submitted (submit) to the committee for official approval. ③It is necessary to fix a definite date for the submission (submit) of your paper. ④Anyone who starves to participate in should submit_your_entry_to the Students' Union before Friday. 任何渴望参加的人都应该在周五之前向学生会提交你的参赛作品。 4．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 |助|表|达|　 (续写之性格描写)He's sensitive and rather serious, which sometimes makes him appear a little bookish. 他敏感而又相当严肃，这使得他有时显得有点书生气。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)be sensitive to　 　 对……敏感 (2)sensible adj. 明智的；意识到的 be sensible of 意识到……；认识到…… (3)sense n. 感觉；见识；意义；理智 vt. 感觉到 make sense 讲得通；有道理 make sense of 理解；弄懂 in a sense 在某种意义上 in no sense 决不(置于句首句子需倒装) |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/句式升级)　 ①In a sense, students today respond badly to traditional methods of teaching. ②His speech helped me make better sense of the poem. ③We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. ④We will in no sense give way to any pressure.(用倒装句升级) →In_no_sense_will_we give way to any pressure. 5．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之环境保护)As we can not tolerate people throwing garbage around, a campaign is to be launched to appeal to people to protect the surroundings. 由于我们不能容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场运动，呼吁人们保护周围环境。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)tolerate (doing) sth.　　 容忍(做)某事 (2)tolerance n. 容忍；宽容 show tolerance towards sb. 容忍某人 (3)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的 be tolerant of 对……宽容；容忍…… 联想发散：表示“容忍”的表达还有： stand (sb.) doing sth.　　 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 bear (sb.) doing/to do sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 put up with 忍受；容忍 |应|用|通|　 (1)单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance (tolerate) are much more likely to get angry. ②As the number of English learners is on the rise, we should be tolerant (tolerate) of borrowed words in our language. ③The boy couldn't tolerate other people's making (make) noise in the room, so he went out. ④When he went to the remote village, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.tolerate/put_up_with (2)完成句子 ⑤Though the matter didn't change my life, I learned a precious lesson: try to treat others with_tolerance_and_kindness. 虽然这件事并没有改变我的生活，但我学到了宝贵的一课：试着以宽容和善良对待他人。 ⑥There was no denying that siblings should get on well by being_more_tolerant_of each other. 不可否认，兄弟姐妹之间应该通过更加包容彼此来融洽相处。 6．die out灭绝；逐渐消亡 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之动物保护)Some wild animals are faced with the danger of dying out because of illegally hunting and killing. 由于非法狩猎和捕杀，一些野生动物面临灭绝的危险。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)die away　　　　　 (声音、光线等)逐渐消失 die down 减弱；逐渐平息 die of/from 死于…… die off 相继死去 (2)be dying for 渴望 be dying to do sth. 极想做某事 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①Some species have died out as a consequence of man's activities. ②They are dying for some nutritious food to refuel their little bodies. ③There was a time when many young people were dying to_go (go) to this city to look for a job. ④After what seemed like a century, the storm finally died_down. 似乎过了一个世纪，风暴终于平息了。 ⑤Around the corner is the Spring Festival that we_are_dying_for. 即将到来的是我们渴望的春节。 语境迁移应用(运用本单元知识完成下列语段) 主题语境——垃圾分类 ①On_behalf_of (代表) the Students' Union, I call on us students to take an active part in the movement (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：②campaign), whose theme is classifying garbage.There is little doubt that classifying garbage is beneficial to the ③conservation (conserve) of the environment.Up to now, ④dozens_of (许多) restrictions and regulations have been carried out (用本单元词汇替换黑体短语：⑤implemented) to make our relationship with nature more ⑥harmonious (harmony)．In a word, if waste disposal is well dealt with, our environment will ⑦be_restored (restore)． [课时作业评价]　　　　主题阅读集群训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·杭州模拟)Kenya has been at the forefront (前沿) of the global war on plastic since the government banned single­use plastics in protected areas in June 2020.Unfortunately, the preventive measures have barely received attention.Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.However, if_29­year­old_Nzambi_Matee_has_her_will,_the_unsightly_plastic_heaps_will_soon_be_transformed_into_colorful_bricks. The material engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017. She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother's backyard.It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help set up the machinery to make them.But the determined eco­entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up. She says, “I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution.But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical, sustainable, and affordable.The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company produces over 1,500 bricks a day.The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks.More importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. “There is that waste they cannot process anymore; they cannot recycle.That is what we get.” Matee says. Matee is not nearly done.Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings.She says, “The more we recycle the plastic, the more we will produce affordable housing, the more we will creat employment for the youth.” 语篇解读：肯尼亚的恩赞比·马蒂通过把回收的塑料和沙子混合在一起制作成建筑用砖来解决塑料污染问题。 1.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply? A．Matee's method can be effective if adopted. B．Matee's idea has been widely accepted. C．Colorful bricks are in huge demand. D．Plastic waste hasn't attracted enough attention. 解析：选A　句意理解题。画线句的上一句“Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.”讲到肯尼亚推出的解决塑料污染的方案并不起作用。画线句出现在转折词However之后，据此可以推断，画线句讲的应该是一个有效的解决塑料污染的方案，故A项与画线句的意思最为接近。 2．Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee? A．Generous and ambitious. B．Confident and grateful. C．Creative and resolved. D．Optimistic and modest. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the determined eco­entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up”可知，恩赞比·马蒂是一个意志坚定的(resolved)人；根据第三段中的“The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space”和常识可知，恩赞比·马蒂解决塑料垃圾的方法很有创意(creative)，故C项最能概括她的性格。 3．What is Nzambi Matee's ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic products? A．To build cheaper houses. B．To support the government. C．To create job opportunities. D．To tackle plastic pollution. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“More importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic.”可知，恩赞比·马蒂制造彩色塑料砖的终极目标是解决塑料污染问题，故D项正确。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Kenya: Pioneer in Banning Single­use Plastics B．Nzambi Matee: Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste C．Mix of Plastic Products: a New Construction Material D．Plastic Recycling: a Creative Solution to Pollution 解析：选B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了29岁的肯尼亚女孩恩赞比·马蒂创造性地把回收的塑料和沙子混合在一起制作成建筑用砖来解决塑料污染问题的故事，故B项“Nzambi Matee：解决塑料污染问题的创新者”最适合作本文的标题。 B (2024·邯郸高三调研) Last fall, the Great Salt Lake hit its lowest level since record keeping began.The lake sank to nearly six meters below the long­term average.The lake's shrinking threatens to upend the ecosystem, disturbing the migration and survival of 10 million birds, including ducks and geese. Duck hunters aren't the only ones worried about the Great Salt Lake.The decades­long decline in lake level is raising alarm bells for millions of people who live in the region.The low lake level and increasing salts in the lake water threaten to destroy economic mainstays like agriculture, tourism and mining.Exposed salts can also reduce air quality and so threaten public health. Saline lakes (咸水湖) are terminal lakes.They have no rivers flowing out of them.As water disappears, salts are left behind.At the same time, the people who live in these deserts use freshwater for crops, homes and industry.Residents get water from streams and rivers into canals, pipelines or reservoirs before it reaches the lakes.And as the lakes shrink, the salt in water increases. Lake Poopo, a highland lake in Bolivia that used to stretch 90 kilometers long and 32 kilometers wide, is now a salty mud flat.The Aral Sea shared by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, once the world's fourth largest lake, has at times in recent decades shrunk to a tenth of its historic 68,000­square­kilometer surface area.Some saline lakes, like Nevada's Winnemucca Lake, dried up so long ago — the waters that fed it were led to agricultural fields — that most people have forgotten they were ever wet. The good news is that people still have time to halt the Great Salt Lake's decline by using less water.Cutting agricultural and other outdoor water use by a third to half through a combination of voluntary conservation measures and policy changes would allow the lake to refill enough to support the region's economy, ecology and quality of life.If this succeeds, the Great Salt Lake can be a model for how to save other saline lakes around the world. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大盐湖水位下降、湖泊萎缩这一现象，分析了其原因、带来的危害以及可以采取的措施。 5．What do we know about the Great Salt Lake from the first paragraph? A．It is home to ducks. B．It will disappear soon. C．It will be less important. D．It's been shrinking for years. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“湖泊的萎缩使生态系统有颠覆的风险，扰乱包括鸭子和鹅在内的1 000万只鸟类的迁徙和生存。”可知，大盐湖是鸭子的栖息地。 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about saline lakes? A．Their current states. B．The challenges they face. C．Measures to restore them. D．Reasons why they become saltier. 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了咸水湖有更多盐分的原因。 7．What does the underlined word “halt” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Stop.　　　　 B．Boost. C．Adapt. D．Learn. 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据下文可知，人们可以通过一些措施来拯救大盐湖，即阻止大盐湖的衰退，由此可推知，halt意为“阻止”。 8．What can be the best title of this text? A．The Great Salt Lake Is Getting Smaller B．The World Is Becoming Drier and Drier C．Saline Lakes Need Freshwater Deadly D．Many Lakes in the World Will Disappear 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，文章主要介绍了大盐湖水位下降、湖泊萎缩这一现象，分析了其原因、带来的危害以及可以采取的措施，由此可知，A项“大盐湖在变小”适合做文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Reduce Paper Waste ·Write on both sides of the paper. It may seem as if simply writing on both sides of a piece of paper is not helpful, but in fact, it can help a lot. __9__ If you don't want to write on both sides of the paper right away, that's alright.Consider keeping a box of the paper that you've only used one side of, so you can easily have the paper for when you need it. ·Use old newspaper to wrap gifts. __10__ You could either find colourful ad pages to use or you could also use the funny pages.You can also use the newspaper to make a fun gift topper if you'd like.If you don't find any good pictures, simple notebook pages that you decorate can also make gifts look nice. ·Recycle old paper. If there is a recycling centre near you, you might want to give away all of your old papers and notebooks for recycling. __11__ If there's one further away, consider storing some papers and giving them to the recycling centre every month. ·Take notes on your computer or smartphone when possible. Taking paper notes can use up a lot of paper, which may be harmful to the environment.Instead, use a computer or your smartphone. __12__ You can also add images to your notes and categorize them if you'd like to use other programmes. ·Send e­mails instead of traditional mail. Traditionally, posted mails require a lot of paper.There are also some other disadvantages to traditional mail.E­mails have a few advantages, including being delivered much quicker than traditional mail, the ability to be sent to one person or a larger group, and being able to send them at any time. __13__ A．Taking care of the Earth is everyone's job. B．You could use note app or word processor to do this. C．Using old newspapers is a great, eco­friendly way to wrap gifts. D．You could also text or call someone as opposed to sending traditional mail. E．The back of a piece of paper can be used for things like drafts or other notes. F．It takes a lot less energy to recycle paper than to make some from raw material. G．Traditional mail is perhaps one of the most exciting ways to hear from someone. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们5种减少纸张浪费的方法。 9．选E　根据本段小标题“Write on both sides of the paper.”可知，本段主要讲述通过在纸的两面都写字来减少纸张的浪费，E项中“The back of a piece of paper can be used”与小标题对应。 10．选C　根据本段小标题“Use old newspaper to wrap gifts.”可知，C项符合语境，选项中的“Using old newspapers”与小标题对应。 11．选F　根据本段小标题“Recycle old paper.”可知，F项符合语境，选项中的“recycle paper”与标题对应。 12．选B　根据本段小标题“Take notes on your computer or smartphone when possible.”和上文“记纸质笔记会消耗大量纸张，这可能对环境有害。相反，使用电脑或智能手机。”可知， B项“你可以用笔记软件或文字处理软件来做这件事。”符合语境。 13．选D　根据本段的小标题“Send e­mails instead of traditional mail.”可知，D项符合语境，选项中的关键词“text”“traditional mail”与小标题对应。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024·正定模拟) Paley arrived at Spring Grove Apartment 18 months ago.Jean Lewin, who lived there, fell in love with the stray (流浪的) cat and decided to __14__ him.Although Lewin wanted to bring Paley into her home, Paley didn't show __15__ in being domesticated (驯化)．__16__， Lewin had to spare time to go out to __17__ him.She placed blankets to keep him __18__ in the cold winter nights and offered enough food.Lewin had __19__ with cats as she had raised her own cats.Slowly, Paley started getting __20__ with the kind woman.He would sometimes allow her to __21__ him, and would even sit on her laps when she came.He became part of the building's “family”． One night, Lewin found Paley was crying and being a bit__22__.Paley wasn't being himself and refused to answer Lewin's call, to which he usually made a quick __23__. Lewin thought the cat wanted to be followed, so she followed his __24__.Paley led her out of the apartment's yard until they __25__ a large tree.That's when Lewin saw a woman __26__ on the snow, unconscious and unresponsive. Lewin had worked on a__27__ team for many years and knew exactly what to do.She __28__ got a blanket for the woman and asked a neighbor to call 911 while she was tending to her. Fortunately, the cat saved the day and the story had a happy ending. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了勒温喂养的一只流浪猫佩利带领勒温在雪天救人的故事。 14．A.release　　　　 B．sell C．feed D．cure 解析：选C　根据后文“She placed blankets to keep him ...enough food.”可知，勒温给猫提供了充足的生活必需品，说明她决定喂养猫。 15．A.confidence B．luck C．trouble D．interest 解析：选D　根据后文“Lewin had to spare time ... him.”可知，勒温不得不抽出时间出去照顾它，说明这只猫对被驯化这件事不感兴趣。 16．A.However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Besides 解析：选C　根据前文“Paley didn't show ...domesticated”和后文“Lewin had to spare time ...him.”构成因果关系可知，应用Therefore表示这种关系。 17．A.stay away from B．take care of C．look up to D．put up with 解析：选B　根据后文“She placed blankets to ...enough food.”可知，勒温给猫拿毯子和食物，这说明她在照顾它。 18．A.clean B．warm C．still D．full 解析：选B　根据常识可知，毯子是用来在寒冷的冬夜保暖的。 19．A.experience B．conflicts C．confusion D．adventures 解析：选A　根据后文“as she had raised her own cats”可知，因为她曾经养过猫，说明她有养猫的经验。 20．A.comfortable B．busy C．unfamiliar D．strict 解析：选A　根据后文“He would sometimes allow ...when she came.”可知，佩利让勒温抚摸甚至在她来的时候会坐在她的腿上，说明它和勒温之间的相处是舒服的。 21．A.ignore B．beat C．copy D．pet 解析：选D　根据后文“would even sit on her laps when she came”可知，佩利在她来的时候会坐在她的腿上，说明他们之间很亲密，由此可推断出佩利让勒温抚摸它。 22．A.casual B．abnormal C．happy D．calm 解析：选B　根据后文“Paley wasn't being ...Lewin's call”可知，佩利之前和现在不一样，不会回应勒温的呼唤，有点反常。 23．A.promise B．contribution C．response D．wish 解析：选C　根据前文“Paley wasn't being ...Lewin's call”可知，佩利不再是以往的样子，拒绝回应勒温的呼唤，说明它之前是会对勒温做出回应的。 24．A.style B．order C．example D．lead 解析：选D　后文“佩利领她走出公寓的院子”说明勒温让佩利带领着她。 25．A.planted B．reached C．knocked D．destroyed 解析：选B　根据后文“a large tree”可知，佩利带领勒温到达一棵大树前。 26．A.skating B．playing C．lying D．crying 解析：选C　根据后文“unconscious and unresponsive”可知，这位妇女不省人事、毫无反应，说明她躺在雪地里。 27．A.research B．rescue C．sports D．cooking 解析：选B　根据后文“knew exactly what to do”可知，勒温知道要如何做，由此可推断出她曾经在救援队工作。 28．A.quickly B．randomly C．curiously D．hesitantly 解析：选A　根据前文“That's when Lewin saw ...and unresponsive.”可知，那名妇女躺在雪里，由此可推断出勒温快速用毯子为她保暖。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$