2024-2025学年Unit 1 超前集中词汇学案-高中英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

5-1-1 2024-2025学年高一选择性必修第二册英语 Unit 1 超前集中 词汇学案 人教版 英语24字整体教学 学生版 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 cholera /ˈkɒlərə/ n. 霍乱 severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 diarrhoea /ˌdaɪəˈrɪə/ n. 腹泻 dehydration /diːhaɪˈdreɪʃn/ n. 脱水 frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 once and for all 最终地；彻底地 contradictory /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri/ adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/n. 感染；传染 infect /ɪnˈfekt/ vt. 使感染；传染 germ /dʒɜːm/ 微生物；细菌；病菌 subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/ vi. 认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费） subscribe to 同意；赞同 proof /pruːf/ n. 证据；证明；检验 multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/ adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 pump /pʌmp/ n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒 water pump 水泵 household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 suspect /səˈspekt/ vt. & vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 /ˈsʌspekt/ n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 blame /bleɪm/ 把...归咎于；责怪；指责n. 责备；指责 handle /ˈhændl/ n. 把手；拉手；柄vt. 处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/n. 介入；出面；干涉 link /lɪŋk/ n. 联系；纽带vt. 把…连接起来；相关联 raw /rɔː/ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 substantial /səbˈstænʃl/ adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 decrease /ˈdiːkriːs/ n. 减少；降低；减少量 /dɪˈkriːs/ vt. & vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 thanks to 幸亏；由于 statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ n. [pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使改变形态vi. 改变；转变 epidemiology /ˌepɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 流行病学 microscope /ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/ n. 显微镜 thinking /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ n. 思想；见解 protein /ˈprəʊtiːn/ n. 蛋白质 cell /sel/ n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒 finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 发现；调查结果；（法律）判决 initial /ɪˈnɪʃl/ adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 vaccine /ˈvæksiːn/ n. 疫苗 framework /ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ n. 框架；结构 theoretical framework 理论框架 solid/ˈsɒlɪd/ adj. 可靠的；团体的；坚实的n. 固体 cast /kɑːst/ (cast; cast）投射；向…投以（视线；笑容等）；投掷 shadow /ˈʃædəu/ n. 阴影；影子；背光处 rainbow /ˈreɪnbəu/ n. 彩虹 pour /pɔː(r)/ vt. 倒出 concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ n. 混凝土adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 plasma /ˈplæzmə/ n. 血浆 aerospace /ˈeərəʊspeɪs/ n. 航空航天工业 patriotic /ˌpætriˈɒtɪk/ adj. 爱国的 mechanical /məˈkænɪkl/ adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ n. 机械师；机械修理工 break out （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 aviation /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/ n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 defend /dɪˈfend/ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 jet /dʒet/ n. 喷气式飞机 assistant /ə'sɪst(ə)nt/ n. 助理；助手 in charge of 主管；掌管 missile /ˈmisail/ n. 导弹 leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 trace /treɪs/ vt. 追溯；追踪；查出n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 outstanding /aʊt'stændɪŋ/ adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 gifted /ˈgɪftɪd/ adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 come down 患（病）；染上（小病） abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ adj. 抽象的；理性的n. （文献等的）摘要 steady /ˈstedi/ adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 concept /ˈkɒnsept/ n. 概念；观念 astronomer /əˈstrɒnəmə(r)/ n. 天文学家 astronomy /əˈstrɒnəmi/ n. 天文学 telescope /ˈteliskəup/n. 望远镜 besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ prep. 除……之外（还）adj. 而且；此外 brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 furthermore /fɜːðə'mɔː/ adv. 此外；再者 above all 最重要的是；尤其是 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 弱点；过错 shift /ʃɪft/ n. 改变；转换；轮到vi. & vt. 转移；挪动转向 vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/ adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 Queen Victoria /vɪkˈtɔːriə/ 维多利亚女王（英国女王） Cambridge /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/ 剑桥（英国城市） non-Newtonianfluid /ˌnʌn njuːˈtəʊnɪən ˈfluːɪd/ 非牛顿流体 the Jet Propulsion Laboratory /prə'pʌlʃ(ə)n/ 喷气推进实验室（美国） Stephen Hawking /ˈstiːvn 'hɔːkɪŋ/ 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家 the big bang theory 大爆炸宇宙论 Fred Hoyle /fred hɔɪl/ 佛雷德霍伊尔（英国天文学家） · 写词汇 英译汉 1. cholera [ˈkɒlərə] 2. severe [sɪˈvɪə] 3. diarrhoea [ˌdaɪəˈrɪə] 4. dehydration [ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃən] 5. frustrated [frʌsˈtreɪtɪd] 6. once and for all 7. contradictory [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri] 8. infection [ɪnˈfɛkʃən] 9. infect [ɪnˈfɛkt] 10. germ [ʤɜːm] 11. subscribe [səbˈskraɪb] 12. subscribe to 13. proof [pruːf] 14. multiple [ˈmʌltɪpl] 15. pump [pʌmp] 16. water pump [ˈwɔːtə pʌmp] 17. household [ˈhaʊshəʊld] 18. suspect [ˈsʌspɛkt] 19. blame [bleɪm] 20. handle [ˈhændl] 21. intervention [ˌɪntə(ː)ˈvɛnʃən] 22. link [lɪŋk] 23. raw [rɔː] 24. pure [pjʊə] 25. substantial [səbˈstænʃəl] 26. decrease [ˈdiːkriːs] 27. thanks to 28. statistic [stəˈtɪstɪk] 29. transform [trænsˈfɔːm] 30. epidemiology [ˌɛpɪˌdiːmɪˈɒləʤi] 31. microscope [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp] 32. thinking [ˈθɪŋkɪŋ] 33. protein [ˈprəʊtiːn] 34. cell [sɛl] 35. virus [ˈvaɪərəs] 36. finding [ˈfaɪndɪŋ] 37. initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl] 38. vaccine [ˈvæksiːn] 39. framework [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] 40. theoretical framework [θɪəˈrɛtɪkəl ] 41. solid [ˈsɒlɪd] 42. cast [kɑːst] 43. shadow [ˈʃædəʊ] 44. rainbow [ˈreɪnbəʊ] 45. pour [pɔː] 46. concrete [ˈkɒnkriːt] 47. plasma [ˈplæzmə] 48. aerospace [ˈeərəˌspeɪs] 49. patriotic [ˌpætrɪˈɒtɪk] 50. mechanical [mɪˈkænɪkəl] 51. mechanic [mɪˈkænɪk] 52. break out 53. aviation [ˌeɪvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 54. defend [dɪˈfɛnd] 55. jet [ʤɛt] 56. assistant [əˈsɪstənt] 57. in charge of 58. missile [ˈmɪsaɪl] 59. leadership [ˈliːdəʃɪp] 60. trace [treɪs] 61. outstanding [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] 62. gifted [ˈgɪftɪd] 63. come down 64. abstract [ˈæbstrækt] 65. steady [ˈstɛdi] 66. concept [ˈkɒnsɛpt] 67. astronomer [əsˈtrɒnəmə] 68. astronomy [əsˈtrɒnəmi] 69. telescope [ˈtɛlɪskəʊp] 70. besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] 71. brilliant [ˈbrɪljənt] 72. furthermore [ˈfɜːðəˈmɔː] 73. above all 74. fault [fɔːlt] 75. shift [ʃɪft] 76. vivid [ˈvɪvɪd] 77. Queen Victoria [kwiːn vɪkˈtɔːrɪə] 维多利亚女王（英国女王） 78. Cambridge [ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ] 剑桥（英国城市） 79. non-Newtonian fluid [nɒn-njuːˈtəʊniən ˈflu(ː)ɪd] 非牛顿流体 80. the Jet Propulsion [ðə ʤɛt prəˈpʌlʃən] 喷气推进实验室（美国） 81. Stephen Hawking [ˈstiːv(ə)n ˈhɔːkɪŋ] 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家） 82. the big bang theory [ðə bɪg bæŋ ˈθɪəri] 大爆炸宇宙论 83. Fred Hoyle 弗雷德·霍伊尔（英国天文学家） · 默写词汇 汉译英 1. [ˈkɒlərə] n. 霍乱 2. [sɪˈvɪə] adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 3. [ˌdaɪəˈrɪə] n. 腹泻 4. [ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃən] n. 脱水 5. [frʌsˈtreɪtɪd] adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 6. 最终地；彻底地 7. [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri] adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 8. [ɪnˈfɛkʃən] n. 感染；传染 9. [ɪnˈfɛkt] vt. 使感染；传染 10. [ʤɜːm] n. 微生物；细菌；病菌 11. [səbˈskraɪb] vi. 认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费） 12. 同意；赞同 13. [pruːf] n. 证据；证明；检验 14. [ˈmʌltɪpl] adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 15. [pʌmp] n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒 16. [ˈwɔːtə pʌmp] 水泵 17. [ˈhaʊshəʊld] n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 18. [ˈsʌspɛkt] vt. &vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任。n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 19. [bleɪm] vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责。n. 责备；指责 20. [ˈhændl] n. 把手；拉手；柄。vt. 处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） 21. [ˌɪntə(ː)ˈvɛnʃən] n. 介入；出面；干涉 22. [lɪŋk] n. 联系；纽带。vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 23. [rɔː] adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 24. [pjʊə] adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 25. [səbˈstænʃəl] adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 26. [ˈdiːkriːs] n. 减少；降低；减少量。vt. &vi. （使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低 27. 幸亏；由于 28. [stəˈtɪstɪk] n. [pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 29. [trænsˈfɔːm] vt. 使改观；使改变形态。vi. 改变；转变 30. [ˌɛpɪˌdiːmɪˈɒləʤi] n. 流行病学 31. [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp] n. 显微镜 32. [ˈθɪŋkɪŋ] n. 思想；思维；见解 33. [ˈprəʊtiːn] n. 蛋白质 34. [sɛl] n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 35. [ˈvaɪərəs] n. 病毒 36. [ˈfaɪndɪŋ] n. 发现；调查结果；（法律）判决 37. [ɪˈnɪʃəl] adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 38. [ˈvæksiːn] n. 疫苗 39. [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] n. 框架；结构 40. [θɪəˈrɛtɪkəl ] 理论框架 41. [ˈsɒlɪd] adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的。n. 固体 42. [kɑːst] vt. （cast，cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷 43. [ˈʃædəʊ] n. 阴影；影子；背光处 44. [ˈreɪnbəʊ] n. 彩虹 45. [pɔː] v. 倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料） 46. [ˈkɒnkriːt] n. 混凝土。adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 47. [ˈplæzmə] n. 血浆 48. [ˈeərəˌspeɪs] n. 航空航天工业 49. [ˌpætrɪˈɒtɪk] adj. 爱国的 50. [mɪˈkænɪkəl] adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 51. [mɪˈkænɪk] n. 机械师；机械修理工 52. （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 53. [ˌeɪvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 54. [dɪˈfɛnd] v. 保卫；防守；辩解 55. [ʤɛt] n. 喷气式飞机 56. [əˈsɪstənt] n. 助理；助手 57. 主管；掌管 58. [ˈmɪsaɪl] n. 导弹 59. [ˈliːdəʃɪp] n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 60. [treɪs] vt. 追溯；追踪；查出。n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 61. [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 62. [ˈgɪftɪd] adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 63. 患（病）；染上（小病） 64. [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的；理性的。n. （文献等的）摘要 65. [ˈstɛdi] adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 66. [ˈkɒnsɛpt] n. 概念；观念 67. [əsˈtrɒnəmə] n. 天文学家 68. [əsˈtrɒnəmi] n. 天文学 69. [ˈtɛlɪskəʊp] n. 望远镜 70. [bɪˈsaɪdz] prep. 除……之外（还）；adv. . 而且；此外 71. [ˈbrɪljənt] adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 72. [ˈfɜːðəˈmɔː] adv. 此外；再者 73. 最重要的是；尤其是 74. [fɔːlt] n. 弱点；过错 75. [ʃɪft] n. 改变；转换；轮班；vi. &vt. 转移；挪动；转向 76. [ˈvɪvɪd] adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 77. Queen Victoria [kwiːn vɪkˈtɔːrɪə] 维多利亚女王（英国女王） 78. Cambridge [ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ] 剑桥（英国城市） 79. non-Newtonian fluid [nɒn-njuːˈtəʊniən ˈflu(ː)ɪd] 非牛顿流体 80. the Jet Propulsion [ðə ʤɛt prəˈpʌlʃən] 喷气推进实验室（美国） 81. Stephen Hawking [ˈstiːv(ə)n ˈhɔːkɪŋ] 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家） 82. the big bang theory [ðə bɪg bæŋ ˈθɪəri] 大爆炸宇宙论 83. Fred Hoyle 弗雷德·霍伊尔（英国天文学家） 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 1. infection n. 感染；传染 【教材p2】 The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。 【拓展】 (1)prevent infection 防止感染 skin infection 皮肤感染 (2)infect vt. 使感染；传染 (3)infected adj. 感染的 be infected with/by 被感染 (4)infectious adj. 传染性的 【佳句】 Surgeons wear masks to prevent the spread of infection. 外科医生戴着口罩以防止传染(病)的传播。 【练透】单句语法填空/补全句子 ①There is a virus that __________________ (infect) word processing documents recently. ②Her cheerful spirits and laughter __________________ (infect) the whole class yesterday. ③Measles is _______________________________ that causes deaths, but is fully preventable by vaccination. 麻疹是一种传染性很强的疾病，会造成死亡，但通过接种疫苗是完全可以预防的。 【写美】　句型转换(把句②改为强调句) ④______________________________________________________________________ 2. subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) 【教材p2】Snow subscribed to the second theory. 斯诺赞同第二种看法。 【拓展】 (1)subscribe to 同意；赞同 subscribe for 认购(股份) subscribe ... to ... 把……捐赠给……；把……签署在……上 (2)subscriber n. 订阅者 【佳句】 I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life. 我从来没有同意过这样的观点：学生时代是你一生中最快乐的日子。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Most scientists subscribe __________________ the view that the earth is becoming warmer because of human activities. 【写美】　补全句子 ②Each employee may __________________ up to $2，000 worth of shares. 每个雇员可以认购价值不超过2，000美元的股票。 3. suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 【教材p2】Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。 【拓展】 suspect sb of doing/having done sth 怀疑某人做过某事 suspect sb/sth to be ... 怀疑某人/某物是…… 【佳句】 If you suspect a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. 如果你怀疑煤气泄漏，不要划火柴，甚至不要打开电灯。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①What made you suspect her __________________ having taken the money? 【写美】　补全句子 ②Judging from his abnormal behaviour，__________________. 从他不正常的行为来判断，我怀疑他是个小偷。 ③__________________he walked right into the trap. 什么也没怀疑，他径直走进了陷阱。 4. blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责 【拓展】 (1)be to blame (for sth) 该(为……)受责备；应该(为……)负责 blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 blame sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事责备某人 be blamed for 因……受谴责/责备 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任 put the blame on 把责任归咎于…… 【佳句】 — What a mess！You are always so lazy! — I'm not to blame，Mum.I am what you have made me. ——真是一团糟！你总是那么懒！ ——我不该受责备，妈妈。我是你培养的。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Many children were blamed __________________ making mistakes in the exam. ②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame __________________ the alarm clock. ③She blamed her husband __________________ the failure of their marriage. →She blamed the failure of their marriage __________________ her husband. 【写美】　补全句子 ④Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else __________________. 乔既骄傲又固执，从不承认自己错了，总是找别人来责怪。 【点津】　be to blame意为“该受谴责，该受责备”，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 5. handle n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 【教材p2】Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。 【拓展】 (1)handle a machine　　　　　 操纵机器 handle a problem 处理问题 handle the paperwork 处理文书工作 handle the data 处理数据 (2)the handle of the door 门把手 get a handle on sth 开始了解/掌握某事 【佳句】 He turned the handle and opened the door. 他转动把手，打开了门。 【练透】　单句语法填空/熟词生义 ①As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer __________________ (handle) the problem. ②We all have to learn to handle pressure.__________________ 【写美】　补全句子 ③Then，__________________ first and you'll feel a real sense of achievement. 然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会感到真正的成就感。 6. link n. 联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联 【教材p3】Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. 此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。 【拓展】 link ... to ...　　 将……和……联系或连接起来 link up with 与……联合；使与……衔接 【佳句】 A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. (谚语)一环薄弱，全链易断。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Your innovations should be linked __________________ our school life and be able to make our life better and more convenient. ②They went on to the next town, where they linked __________________ with the other party. 7. decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 【教材p3】Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。 【拓展】 (1)decrease to ... 减少到…… decrease by ... 减少了…… decrease from ... to ... 从……减少到…… (2)on the decrease 正在减少 【佳句】 The number of people aged 50 and under will decrease by more than 30% during the time. 在此期间，五十岁和五十岁以下的人口将减少30%多。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The traffic accidents in the city decreased __________________ 40% last year. ②The number of new students in this school decreased from 2，100 __________________ 1，600 this year. 【写美】　补全句子 ③Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals __________________. 由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目正在减少。 【点津】　decrease的反义词为increase，其搭配有：increase to ... 增加(长)到……；increase by ... 增加(长)了……；on the increase 正在增加。 8. thanks to幸亏；由于 【教材p3】Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. 幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。 【佳句】 Thanks to our joint efforts, new advances have been made in the cooperation of BRICS this year. 今年由于我们的共同努力，金砖经济合作迈出了新步伐。 【练透】　补全句子 ①It was all a great success — ____________________________________________. 由于许多艰辛工作，这才大获成功。 【写美】　翻译句子 ②多亏了你及时的帮助，我按时完成了工作。 ____________________________________________ 【点津】　表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：owing to, due to, because of, as a result of, on account of等。 9. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 【教材p3】. .. Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. ……斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 【拓展】 (1)transform ... into ... 把……变成…… transform into 转变成；转化成；改造为 be transformed from ... into ... 由……变成…… (2)transformation n. 改变；转换；改观 【佳句】 It was an event that would transform my life. 那是能够改变我生活的一件事。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She was transformed from a common­looking adolescent __________________ a pretty young woman. ②The way in which we work has undergone a complete __________________ (transform) in the past decade. 【写美】　补全句子 ③It is a surprise that the city __________________ a small town __________________ a modern industrial center in recent ten years. 真令人惊奇，在近十年中，这个城市由一个小乡镇转变成了一个现代化的工业中心。 10. break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 【教材p7】However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. 然而，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。 【拓展】 break down　　　　　 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into 强行闯入 break away from 脱离；挣脱 break up 打碎；分裂；解体 break through 突破 【佳句】 They had escaped to America shortly before war broke out in 1939. 1939年战争爆发前他们逃到了美国。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They were discussing something important when a man broke __________________. ②Scientists hope to break __________________ soon in their fight against heart disease. ③A terrible fire broke __________________ in the building last night. 【写美】　补全句子 ④Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers __________________. 仔细关好门窗以防陌生人闯进你的房子。 【点津】　break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break in为不及物动词短语，后不跟宾语；break into为及物动词短语，后跟宾语。 11. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 【拓展】 (1)defend ... from/against　　 保护……免受…… defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence of 为了保卫；为……辩护 【佳句】 The union said that they would take action to defend their member's jobs. 工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作(权益)。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The killer insisted that he was just __________________ (defend) himself when attacked. ②They were determined to defend themselves __________________ misusage. 【写美】　补全句子 ③Students should be trained to __________________. 应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。 12. in charge of 主管；掌管 【教材p.8】He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme. 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 【拓展】 (1)take charge of 掌管/负责…… in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责 (2)free of charge＝for free 免费 (3)charge v. 收费；要价；控告；充电 charge sb for sth 为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb with (doing) sth 控告某人(做)某事 【佳句】 Officials in charge of the camps say the system is now running extremely smoothly. 负责这些营地的官员们说现在这一体系运转得非常顺利。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①The police charged the thief __________________ stealing the jewels. ②How much did he charge you __________________ repairing this pair of shoes? ③Mr Bell has been in charge of the house for more than a year. →The house __________________________________________. 【写美】　补全句子 ④A series of activities related to study and sports __________________________________________. 一系列关于学习和体育的活动是由英语系学生负责的。 【点津】　in charge of多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of 多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：in possession of，in the possession of；in control of，in the control of。 13. come down患(病)；染上(小病) 【教材p.8】Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of abstract thought. 他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。 【拓展】 come across 偶然遇到 come about 发生 come to 恢复常态；共计；达到(某种状况) come up with 提出(主语是人) come up 提出(主语是建议等) 【佳句】 Thomas came down with chickenpox at the weekend. 托马斯在周末染上了水痘。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I came __________________ my former English teacher in the street yesterday. ②The headmaster wants to know how the accident came __________________. 【写美】　补全句子 ③He must __________________，for he has got a sore throat. 他一定是感冒了，因为他嗓子痛。 ④The scientists are beating their brains trying to __________________. 科学家们绞尽脑汁试图提出解决这个问题的办法。 14. above all最重要的是；尤其是 【教材p9】Above all，Hawking was willing to admit his faults. 最重要的是，霍金敢于承认错误。 【拓展】 after all 毕竟；终究；别忘了 all in all 整体说来；总而言之 in all 全部；合计 at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟 【佳句】 He is hard­working，cheerful，and above all honest. 他勤奋、乐观，最重要的是诚实。 【练透】　选词填空(at all/in all/above all/after all) ①And, __________________don't go around looking at the house if you are not invited. ②I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift __________________. ③Don't believe the advertisement. __________________it is the customers who pay for whatever you are given. ④How many students are there in your school __________________ 【写美】　补全句子 ⑤Old Mr Smith was beloved by all，and __________________. 史密斯老先生为众人所爱戴，尤其是受到孩子们的爱戴。 15. fault n. 弱点；过错 【拓展】 find fault with ... 对……不满；挑剔 be at fault 有过错；有责任 【佳句】 “I wondered whom you could mean. I should never dare to find fault with her.” said Daiyu coldly. “我想知道你所指何人，我可再也不敢挑她毛病了。”黛玉冷冷地说道。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He could always find fault __________________ something, either in my writing or in my personality. ②The driver who didn't stop at the red light was __________________ fault in the accident. 第三节 应用与提升 1. 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 第一组 (　　)1. severe　　　 A．n. 感染；传染 (　　)2. contradictory B．adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 (　　)3. infection C．adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 (　　)4. multiple D．n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子 的人 (　　)5. household E．adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 (　　)6. intervention F．adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原 始的 (　　)7. raw G．adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 (　　)8. substantial H．n. 介入；出面；干涉 (　　)9. statistic I．n. 显微镜 (　　)10. microscope J．n. [pl. ] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 第二组 (　　)1. thinking　 A．n. 蛋白质 (　　)2. protein B．n. 病毒 (　　)3. cell C．n. 思想；思维；见解 (　　)4. virus D．adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 (　　)5. initial E．n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 (　　)6. framework F．n. 彩虹 (　　)7. rainbow G．n. 框架；结构 (　　)8. concrete H．n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 (　　)9. mechanic I．n. 机械师；机械修理工 (　　)10. leadership J．n. 混凝土adj. 混凝土制的；确实的； 具体的 · 词汇拓展 1．__________________ vt.使感染；传染→__________________ n．感染；传染 2．__________________ vt.证明 link v．证明是→__________________ n．证据；证明；检验 3．__________________ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→__________________ v．净化 4．__________________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→__________________ n．转化；转换；变换；变化 5．__________________ n．思想；思维；见解→__________________ v．认为；思考 6．__________________n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→__________________ v．发现 7．__________________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→__________________ adv.起初 8．__________________ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→__________________ n．防御；保卫 9．__________________ n．助理；助手→__________________ vt.帮助；协助；援助→__________________ n．帮助；协助 10．__________________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→__________________ n．天赋；天分 11．__________________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→__________________ adv.平稳地；持续地 12．__________________ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→__________________ adv.生动地 · 核心词块匹配 (　　)1. once and for all A．同意；赞同 (　　)2. subscribe to B．幸亏；由于 (　　)3. thanks to C．水泵 (　　)4. water pump D．最终地；彻底地 (　　)5. theoretical framework E．(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 (　　)6. break out F．理论框架 (　　)7. in charge of G．下降；坠落 (　　)8. come down H．最重要的是；尤其是 (　　)9. above all I．主管；掌管 · 重点句型 1．句型公式：It seems that ...看起来似乎…… [教材原句p.2]　___________________________________________________ (那个女人看起来似乎很喜欢从抽水机里取来的水) that she had it delivered to her house every day. 2．句型公式：have sth done [教材原句p.2]　Accordingly, he ____________________________________________ (让人把水泵的手柄拆了) so that it could not be used. 2. 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空 1．The evidence demonstrates how easily people can hold ______________ (相互矛盾的) beliefs. 2．Was his mother too ______________ (严厉) on him? 3．The driver of the crashed car received ______________ (多样的) injuries. 4．We should transform our subjective world while ______________ (改变) the objective world. 5．According to official ______________ (统计数字)，the island had 37 people. 6．The traffic accidents in the city ______________ (减少) last year. 7．They made ______________ (重大的) changes to the arrangements. 8．The prime minister was always demanding active ______________ (干涉) early on. 9．The police have now narrowed down their list of ______________ (犯罪嫌疑人)． 10．He was not displeased at the way he had ______________ (处理) the problem. Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空 1．If the primary ______________ (infect) is not treated，further outbreaks may occur. 2．We would resist any armed ______________ (intervene) from outside in our country's affairs. 3．An accident was avoided by his quick ______________ (think)． 4．The ______________ (find) of the commission have not yet been made public. 5．The ______________ (machine) was busy repairing the machine. 6．I'll ask my personal ______________ (assist) to deal with this. 7．He was praised for his firm ______________ (leader)． 8．Their helpers are ______________ (gift) with amazing powers of patience. 9．He did something ______________ (contradict) to his orders. 10．The blood on his shoes was a ______________ (prove) of his guilt. III. 词块语法单句填空 1．Give the bottle a couple of shakes before ______________(pour) the juice. 2．We are determined ______________ (defend) our motherland at all costs. 3．Klan called his ______________ (assist)，Hasher，to take over his duties while he went out. 4．Early ______________ (astronomer) thought that our planet was the centre of the universe. 5．He stopped，______________ (shift) his cane to his left hand. 6．He came ______________ with illness last night and is still under emergency treatment. 7．Someone must be put ______________ charge of writing down all the ideas. 8．Fires broke ______________ everywhere，the entire city went up in flames. 9．The characters in the book are ______________ (vivid) presented. 10．I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault ______________ me. IV. 重点句式仿写 1．可怕的地震似乎把一切都摧毁了。(seem) ______________ everything was destroyed by the terrible earthquake. 2．我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(have sth done) We began to help pick peaches and then ________________________________________________________． V. 语法填空 Dear Dad， On this date of your 50th birthday，Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago.In your letter，you 1. (wish) me to be strong­minded and successful.You were looking forward to 2. (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for 3. (me) and others. After reading this letter，I feel quite 4. (shock) at your 5. (expect) on me.I also feel shamed of not having performed well 6. (meet) your demand.I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed to apply myself to studying.I was addicted to computer games.As a consequence，I soon became the last one in my class.You didn't abuse me at all.7. the contrary，you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard.Only 8. I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself. I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you.Wish you 9. (health) and happy.I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being 10. brave and successful person. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 5-1-1 2024-2025学年高一选择性必修第二册英语 Unit 1 超前集中 词汇学案 人教版 英语24字整体教学 教师版 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 cholera /ˈkɒlərə/ n. 霍乱 severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 diarrhoea /ˌdaɪəˈrɪə/ n. 腹泻 dehydration /diːhaɪˈdreɪʃn/ n. 脱水 frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 once and for all 最终地；彻底地 contradictory /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri/ adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/n. 感染；传染 infect /ɪnˈfekt/ vt. 使感染；传染 germ /dʒɜːm/ 微生物；细菌；病菌 subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/ vi. 认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费） subscribe to 同意；赞同 proof /pruːf/ n. 证据；证明；检验 multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/ adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 pump /pʌmp/ n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒 water pump 水泵 household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 suspect /səˈspekt/ vt. & vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 /ˈsʌspekt/ n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 blame /bleɪm/ 把...归咎于；责怪；指责n. 责备；指责 handle /ˈhændl/ n. 把手；拉手；柄vt. 处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/n. 介入；出面；干涉 link /lɪŋk/ n. 联系；纽带vt. 把…连接起来；相关联 raw /rɔː/ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 substantial /səbˈstænʃl/ adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 decrease /ˈdiːkriːs/ n. 减少；降低；减少量 /dɪˈkriːs/ vt. & vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 thanks to 幸亏；由于 statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ n. [pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt. 使改观；使改变形态vi. 改变；转变 epidemiology /ˌepɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 流行病学 microscope /ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/ n. 显微镜 thinking /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ n. 思想；见解 protein /ˈprəʊtiːn/ n. 蛋白质 cell /sel/ n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒 finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 发现；调查结果；（法律）判决 initial /ɪˈnɪʃl/ adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 vaccine /ˈvæksiːn/ n. 疫苗 framework /ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ n. 框架；结构 theoretical framework 理论框架 solid/ˈsɒlɪd/ adj. 可靠的；团体的；坚实的n. 固体 cast /kɑːst/ (cast; cast）投射；向…投以（视线；笑容等）；投掷 shadow /ˈʃædəu/ n. 阴影；影子；背光处 rainbow /ˈreɪnbəu/ n. 彩虹 pour /pɔː(r)/ vt. 倒出 concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ n. 混凝土adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 plasma /ˈplæzmə/ n. 血浆 aerospace /ˈeərəʊspeɪs/ n. 航空航天工业 patriotic /ˌpætriˈɒtɪk/ adj. 爱国的 mechanical /məˈkænɪkl/ adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ n. 机械师；机械修理工 break out （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 aviation /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/ n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 defend /dɪˈfend/ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 jet /dʒet/ n. 喷气式飞机 assistant /ə'sɪst(ə)nt/ n. 助理；助手 in charge of 主管；掌管 missile /ˈmisail/ n. 导弹 leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 trace /treɪs/ vt. 追溯；追踪；查出n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 outstanding /aʊt'stændɪŋ/ adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 gifted /ˈgɪftɪd/ adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 come down 患（病）；染上（小病） abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ adj. 抽象的；理性的n. （文献等的）摘要 steady /ˈstedi/ adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 concept /ˈkɒnsept/ n. 概念；观念 astronomer /əˈstrɒnəmə(r)/ n. 天文学家 astronomy /əˈstrɒnəmi/ n. 天文学 telescope /ˈteliskəup/n. 望远镜 besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ prep. 除……之外（还）adj. 而且；此外 brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 furthermore /fɜːðə'mɔː/ adv. 此外；再者 above all 最重要的是；尤其是 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 弱点；过错 shift /ʃɪft/ n. 改变；转换；轮到vi. & vt. 转移；挪动转向 vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/ adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 Queen Victoria /vɪkˈtɔːriə/ 维多利亚女王（英国女王） Cambridge /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/ 剑桥（英国城市） non-Newtonianfluid /ˌnʌn njuːˈtəʊnɪən ˈfluːɪd/ 非牛顿流体 the Jet Propulsion Laboratory /prə'pʌlʃ(ə)n/ 喷气推进实验室（美国） Stephen Hawking /ˈstiːvn 'hɔːkɪŋ/ 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家 the big bang theory 大爆炸宇宙论 Fred Hoyle /fred hɔɪl/ 佛雷德霍伊尔（英国天文学家） · 写词汇 英译汉 1. cholera [ˈkɒlərə] 2. severe [sɪˈvɪə] 3. diarrhoea [ˌdaɪəˈrɪə] 4. dehydration [ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃən] 5. frustrated [frʌsˈtreɪtɪd] 6. once and for all 7. contradictory [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri] 8. infection [ɪnˈfɛkʃən] 9. infect [ɪnˈfɛkt] 10. germ [ʤɜːm] 11. subscribe [səbˈskraɪb] 12. subscribe to 13. proof [pruːf] 14. multiple [ˈmʌltɪpl] 15. pump [pʌmp] 16. water pump [ˈwɔːtə pʌmp] 17. household [ˈhaʊshəʊld] 18. suspect [ˈsʌspɛkt] 19. blame [bleɪm] 20. handle [ˈhændl] 21. intervention [ˌɪntə(ː)ˈvɛnʃən] 22. link [lɪŋk] 23. raw [rɔː] 24. pure [pjʊə] 25. substantial [səbˈstænʃəl] 26. decrease [ˈdiːkriːs] 27. thanks to 28. statistic [stəˈtɪstɪk] 29. transform [trænsˈfɔːm] 30. epidemiology [ˌɛpɪˌdiːmɪˈɒləʤi] 31. microscope [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp] 32. thinking [ˈθɪŋkɪŋ] 33. protein [ˈprəʊtiːn] 34. cell [sɛl] 35. virus [ˈvaɪərəs] 36. finding [ˈfaɪndɪŋ] 37. initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl] 38. vaccine [ˈvæksiːn] 39. framework [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] 40. theoretical framework [θɪəˈrɛtɪkəl ] 41. solid [ˈsɒlɪd] 42. cast [kɑːst] 43. shadow [ˈʃædəʊ] 44. rainbow [ˈreɪnbəʊ] 45. pour [pɔː] 46. concrete [ˈkɒnkriːt] 47. plasma [ˈplæzmə] 48. aerospace [ˈeərəˌspeɪs] 49. patriotic [ˌpætrɪˈɒtɪk] 50. mechanical [mɪˈkænɪkəl] 51. mechanic [mɪˈkænɪk] 52. break out 53. aviation [ˌeɪvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 54. defend [dɪˈfɛnd] 55. jet [ʤɛt] 56. assistant [əˈsɪstənt] 57. in charge of 58. missile [ˈmɪsaɪl] 59. leadership [ˈliːdəʃɪp] 60. trace [treɪs] 61. outstanding [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] 62. gifted [ˈgɪftɪd] 63. come down 64. abstract [ˈæbstrækt] 65. steady [ˈstɛdi] 66. concept [ˈkɒnsɛpt] 67. astronomer [əsˈtrɒnəmə] 68. astronomy [əsˈtrɒnəmi] 69. telescope [ˈtɛlɪskəʊp] 70. besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] 71. brilliant [ˈbrɪljənt] 72. furthermore [ˈfɜːðəˈmɔː] 73. above all 74. fault [fɔːlt] 75. shift [ʃɪft] 76. vivid [ˈvɪvɪd] 77. Queen Victoria [kwiːn vɪkˈtɔːrɪə] 维多利亚女王（英国女王） 78. Cambridge [ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ] 剑桥（英国城市） 79. non-Newtonian fluid [nɒn-njuːˈtəʊniən ˈflu(ː)ɪd] 非牛顿流体 80. the Jet Propulsion [ðə ʤɛt prəˈpʌlʃən] 喷气推进实验室（美国） 81. Stephen Hawking [ˈstiːv(ə)n ˈhɔːkɪŋ] 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家） 82. the big bang theory [ðə bɪg bæŋ ˈθɪəri] 大爆炸宇宙论 83. Fred Hoyle 弗雷德·霍伊尔（英国天文学家） · 默写词汇 汉译英 1. [ˈkɒlərə] n. 霍乱 2. [sɪˈvɪə] adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 3. [ˌdaɪəˈrɪə] n. 腹泻 4. [ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃən] n. 脱水 5. [frʌsˈtreɪtɪd] adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 6. 最终地；彻底地 7. [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktəri] adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 8. [ɪnˈfɛkʃən] n. 感染；传染 9. [ɪnˈfɛkt] vt. 使感染；传染 10. [ʤɜːm] n. 微生物；细菌；病菌 11. [səbˈskraɪb] vi. 认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费） 12. 同意；赞同 13. [pruːf] n. 证据；证明；检验 14. [ˈmʌltɪpl] adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 15. [pʌmp] n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒 16. [ˈwɔːtə pʌmp] 水泵 17. [ˈhaʊshəʊld] n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人 18. [ˈsʌspɛkt] vt. &vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任。n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 19. [bleɪm] vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责。n. 责备；指责 20. [ˈhændl] n. 把手；拉手；柄。vt. 处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） 21. [ˌɪntə(ː)ˈvɛnʃən] n. 介入；出面；干涉 22. [lɪŋk] n. 联系；纽带。vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 23. [rɔː] adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 24. [pjʊə] adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 25. [səbˈstænʃəl] adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 26. [ˈdiːkriːs] n. 减少；降低；减少量。vt. &vi. （使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低 27. 幸亏；由于 28. [stəˈtɪstɪk] n. [pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学 29. [trænsˈfɔːm] vt. 使改观；使改变形态。vi. 改变；转变 30. [ˌɛpɪˌdiːmɪˈɒləʤi] n. 流行病学 31. [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp] n. 显微镜 32. [ˈθɪŋkɪŋ] n. 思想；思维；见解 33. [ˈprəʊtiːn] n. 蛋白质 34. [sɛl] n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 35. [ˈvaɪərəs] n. 病毒 36. [ˈfaɪndɪŋ] n. 发现；调查结果；（法律）判决 37. [ɪˈnɪʃəl] adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 38. [ˈvæksiːn] n. 疫苗 39. [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] n. 框架；结构 40. [θɪəˈrɛtɪkəl ] 理论框架 41. [ˈsɒlɪd] adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的。n. 固体 42. [kɑːst] vt. （cast，cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷 43. [ˈʃædəʊ] n. 阴影；影子；背光处 44. [ˈreɪnbəʊ] n. 彩虹 45. [pɔː] v. 倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料） 46. [ˈkɒnkriːt] n. 混凝土。adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 47. [ˈplæzmə] n. 血浆 48. [ˈeərəˌspeɪs] n. 航空航天工业 49. [ˌpætrɪˈɒtɪk] adj. 爱国的 50. [mɪˈkænɪkəl] adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 51. [mɪˈkænɪk] n. 机械师；机械修理工 52. （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发 53. [ˌeɪvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 54. [dɪˈfɛnd] v. 保卫；防守；辩解 55. [ʤɛt] n. 喷气式飞机 56. [əˈsɪstənt] n. 助理；助手 57. 主管；掌管 58. [ˈmɪsaɪl] n. 导弹 59. [ˈliːdəʃɪp] n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 60. [treɪs] vt. 追溯；追踪；查出。n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 61. [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 62. [ˈgɪftɪd] adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 63. 患（病）；染上（小病） 64. [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的；理性的。n. （文献等的）摘要 65. [ˈstɛdi] adj. 稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 66. [ˈkɒnsɛpt] n. 概念；观念 67. [əsˈtrɒnəmə] n. 天文学家 68. [əsˈtrɒnəmi] n. 天文学 69. [ˈtɛlɪskəʊp] n. 望远镜 70. [bɪˈsaɪdz] prep. 除……之外（还）；adv. . 而且；此外 71. [ˈbrɪljənt] adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 72. [ˈfɜːðəˈmɔː] adv. 此外；再者 73. 最重要的是；尤其是 74. [fɔːlt] n. 弱点；过错 75. [ʃɪft] n. 改变；转换；轮班；vi. &vt. 转移；挪动；转向 76. [ˈvɪvɪd] adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 77. Queen Victoria [kwiːn vɪkˈtɔːrɪə] 维多利亚女王（英国女王） 78. Cambridge [ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ] 剑桥（英国城市） 79. non-Newtonian fluid [nɒn-njuːˈtəʊniən ˈflu(ː)ɪd] 非牛顿流体 80. the Jet Propulsion [ðə ʤɛt prəˈpʌlʃən] 喷气推进实验室（美国） 81. Stephen Hawking [ˈstiːv(ə)n ˈhɔːkɪŋ] 史蒂芬·霍金（英国物理学家） 82. the big bang theory [ðə bɪg bæŋ ˈθɪəri] 大爆炸宇宙论 83. Fred Hoyle 弗雷德·霍伊尔（英国天文学家） 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 1. infection n. 感染；传染 【教材p2】 The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。 【拓展】 (1)prevent infection 防止感染 skin infection 皮肤感染 (2)infect vt. 使感染；传染 (3)infected adj. 感染的 be infected with/by 被感染 (4)infectious adj. 传染性的 【佳句】 Surgeons wear masks to prevent the spread of infection. 外科医生戴着口罩以防止传染(病)的传播。 【练透】单句语法填空/补全句子 ①There is a virus that __________________ (infect) word processing documents recently. ②Her cheerful spirits and laughter __________________ (infect) the whole class yesterday. ③Measles is _______________________________ that causes deaths, but is fully preventable by vaccination. 麻疹是一种传染性很强的疾病，会造成死亡，但通过接种疫苗是完全可以预防的。 【写美】　句型转换(把句②改为强调句) ④______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1　 infects 2　 infected 3　 a highly infectious disease 4　 It was her cheerful spirits and laughter that infected the whole class yesterday. 2. subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) 【教材p2】Snow subscribed to the second theory. 斯诺赞同第二种看法。 【拓展】 (1)subscribe to 同意；赞同 subscribe for 认购(股份) subscribe ... to ... 把……捐赠给……；把……签署在……上 (2)subscriber n. 订阅者 【佳句】 I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life. 我从来没有同意过这样的观点：学生时代是你一生中最快乐的日子。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Most scientists subscribe __________________ the view that the earth is becoming warmer because of human activities. 【写美】　补全句子 ②Each employee may __________________ up to $2，000 worth of shares. 每个雇员可以认购价值不超过2，000美元的股票。 【答案】 1　 to 2　 subscribe for 3. suspect vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 【教材p2】Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。 【拓展】 suspect sb of doing/having done sth 怀疑某人做过某事 suspect sb/sth to be ... 怀疑某人/某物是…… 【佳句】 If you suspect a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. 如果你怀疑煤气泄漏，不要划火柴，甚至不要打开电灯。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①What made you suspect her __________________ having taken the money? 【写美】　补全句子 ②Judging from his abnormal behaviour，__________________. 从他不正常的行为来判断，我怀疑他是个小偷。 ③__________________he walked right into the trap. 什么也没怀疑，他径直走进了陷阱。 【答案】 1　 of 2　 I suspected him to be a thief 3　 Suspecting nothing, 4. blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责 【拓展】 (1)be to blame (for sth) 该(为……)受责备；应该(为……)负责 blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 blame sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事责备某人 be blamed for 因……受谴责/责备 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任 put the blame on 把责任归咎于…… 【佳句】 — What a mess！You are always so lazy! — I'm not to blame，Mum.I am what you have made me. ——真是一团糟！你总是那么懒！ ——我不该受责备，妈妈。我是你培养的。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Many children were blamed __________________ making mistakes in the exam. ②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame __________________ the alarm clock. ③She blamed her husband __________________ the failure of their marriage. →She blamed the failure of their marriage __________________ her husband. 【写美】　补全句子 ④Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else __________________. 乔既骄傲又固执，从不承认自己错了，总是找别人来责怪。 【点津】　be to blame意为“该受谴责，该受责备”，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 【答案】 1　 for 2　 on 3　 for；on 4　 to blame 5. handle n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 【教材p2】Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。 【拓展】 (1)handle a machine　　　　　 操纵机器 handle a problem 处理问题 handle the paperwork 处理文书工作 handle the data 处理数据 (2)the handle of the door 门把手 get a handle on sth 开始了解/掌握某事 【佳句】 He turned the handle and opened the door. 他转动把手，打开了门。 【练透】　单句语法填空/熟词生义 ①As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer __________________ (handle) the problem. ②We all have to learn to handle pressure.__________________ 【写美】　补全句子 ③Then，__________________ first and you'll feel a real sense of achievement. 然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会感到真正的成就感。 【答案】 3　 to handle 4　 调节 5　 handle the most important tasks 6. link n. 联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联 【教材p3】Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. 此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。 【拓展】 link ... to ...　　 将……和……联系或连接起来 link up with 与……联合；使与……衔接 【佳句】 A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. (谚语)一环薄弱，全链易断。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Your innovations should be linked __________________ our school life and be able to make our life better and more convenient. ②They went on to the next town, where they linked __________________ with the other party. 【答案】 6　 to 7　 up 7. decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 【教材p3】Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。 【拓展】 (1)decrease to ... 减少到…… decrease by ... 减少了…… decrease from ... to ... 从……减少到…… (2)on the decrease 正在减少 【佳句】 The number of people aged 50 and under will decrease by more than 30% during the time. 在此期间，五十岁和五十岁以下的人口将减少30%多。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The traffic accidents in the city decreased __________________ 40% last year. ②The number of new students in this school decreased from 2，100 __________________ 1，600 this year. 【写美】　补全句子 ③Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals __________________. 由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目正在减少。 【点津】　decrease的反义词为increase，其搭配有：increase to ... 增加(长)到……；increase by ... 增加(长)了……；on the increase 正在增加。 【答案】 1　 by 2　 to 3　 is on the decrease/is decreasing 8. thanks to幸亏；由于 【教材p3】Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. 幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。 【佳句】 Thanks to our joint efforts, new advances have been made in the cooperation of BRICS this year. 今年由于我们的共同努力，金砖经济合作迈出了新步伐。 【练透】　补全句子 ①It was all a great success — ____________________________________________. 由于许多艰辛工作，这才大获成功。 【写美】　翻译句子 ②多亏了你及时的帮助，我按时完成了工作。 ____________________________________________ 【答案】 1　 thanks to a lot of hard work 2　 Thanks to your timely help, I managed to finish the work on time. 【点津】　表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：owing to, due to, because of, as a result of, on account of等。 9. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 【教材p3】. .. Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. ……斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。 【拓展】 (1)transform ... into ... 把……变成…… transform into 转变成；转化成；改造为 be transformed from ... into ... 由……变成…… (2)transformation n. 改变；转换；改观 【佳句】 It was an event that would transform my life. 那是能够改变我生活的一件事。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She was transformed from a common­looking adolescent __________________ a pretty young woman. ②The way in which we work has undergone a complete __________________ (transform) in the past decade. 【写美】　补全句子 ③It is a surprise that the city __________________ a small town __________________ a modern industrial center in recent ten years. 真令人惊奇，在近十年中，这个城市由一个小乡镇转变成了一个现代化的工业中心。 【答案】 1　 into 2　 transformation 3　 has been transformed from；into 10. break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 【教材p7】However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. 然而，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。 【拓展】 break down　　　　　 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into 强行闯入 break away from 脱离；挣脱 break up 打碎；分裂；解体 break through 突破 【佳句】 They had escaped to America shortly before war broke out in 1939. 1939年战争爆发前他们逃到了美国。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They were discussing something important when a man broke __________________. ②Scientists hope to break __________________ soon in their fight against heart disease. ③A terrible fire broke __________________ in the building last night. 【写美】　补全句子 ④Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers __________________. 仔细关好门窗以防陌生人闯进你的房子。 【点津】　break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break in为不及物动词短语，后不跟宾语；break into为及物动词短语，后跟宾语。 【答案】 1　 in 2　 through 3　 out 4　 (from) breaking into your house 11. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 【拓展】 (1)defend ... from/against　　 保护……免受…… defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence of 为了保卫；为……辩护 【佳句】 The union said that they would take action to defend their member's jobs. 工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作(权益)。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The killer insisted that he was just __________________ (defend) himself when attacked. ②They were determined to defend themselves __________________ misusage. 【写美】　补全句子 ③Students should be trained to __________________. 应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。 【答案】 1　 defending 2　 from/against 3　 defend themselves against/from some attacks 12. in charge of 主管；掌管 【教材p.8】He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme. 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 【拓展】 (1)take charge of 掌管/负责…… in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责 (2)free of charge＝for free 免费 (3)charge v. 收费；要价；控告；充电 charge sb for sth 为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb with (doing) sth 控告某人(做)某事 【佳句】 Officials in charge of the camps say the system is now running extremely smoothly. 负责这些营地的官员们说现在这一体系运转得非常顺利。 【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①The police charged the thief __________________ stealing the jewels. ②How much did he charge you __________________ repairing this pair of shoes? ③Mr Bell has been in charge of the house for more than a year. →The house __________________________________________. 【写美】　补全句子 ④A series of activities related to study and sports __________________________________________. 一系列关于学习和体育的活动是由英语系学生负责的。 【点津】　in charge of多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of 多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：in possession of，in the possession of；in control of，in the control of。 【答案】 1　 with 2　 for 3　 has been in the charge of Mr Bell for more than a year 4　 are in the charge of the students in the English department 13. come down患(病)；染上(小病) 【教材p.8】Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of abstract thought. 他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。 【拓展】 come across 偶然遇到 come about 发生 come to 恢复常态；共计；达到(某种状况) come up with 提出(主语是人) come up 提出(主语是建议等) 【佳句】 Thomas came down with chickenpox at the weekend. 托马斯在周末染上了水痘。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I came __________________ my former English teacher in the street yesterday. ②The headmaster wants to know how the accident came __________________. 【写美】　补全句子 ③He must __________________，for he has got a sore throat. 他一定是感冒了，因为他嗓子痛。 ④The scientists are beating their brains trying to __________________. 科学家们绞尽脑汁试图提出解决这个问题的办法。 【答案】 1　 across 2　 about 3　 have come down with a bad cold 4　 come up with a solution to the problem 14. above all最重要的是；尤其是 【教材p9】Above all，Hawking was willing to admit his faults. 最重要的是，霍金敢于承认错误。 【拓展】 after all 毕竟；终究；别忘了 all in all 整体说来；总而言之 in all 全部；合计 at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟 【佳句】 He is hard­working，cheerful，and above all honest. 他勤奋、乐观，最重要的是诚实。 【练透】　选词填空(at all/in all/above all/after all) ①And, __________________don't go around looking at the house if you are not invited. ②I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift __________________. ③Don't believe the advertisement. __________________it is the customers who pay for whatever you are given. ④How many students are there in your school __________________ 【写美】　补全句子 ⑤Old Mr Smith was beloved by all，and __________________. 史密斯老先生为众人所爱戴，尤其是受到孩子们的爱戴。 【答案】 1　 above all, 2　 at all 3　 After all, 4　 in all? 5　 above all by the children 15. fault n. 弱点；过错 【拓展】 find fault with ... 对……不满；挑剔 be at fault 有过错；有责任 【佳句】 “I wondered whom you could mean. I should never dare to find fault with her.” said Daiyu coldly. “我想知道你所指何人，我可再也不敢挑她毛病了。”黛玉冷冷地说道。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He could always find fault __________________ something, either in my writing or in my personality. ②The driver who didn't stop at the red light was __________________ fault in the accident. 【答案】 1　 with 2　 at 第三节 应用与提升 1. 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 第一组 (　　)1. severe　　　 A．n. 感染；传染 (　　)2. contradictory B．adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 (　　)3. infection C．adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 (　　)4. multiple D．n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子 的人 (　　)5. household E．adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 (　　)6. intervention F．adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原 始的 (　　)7. raw G．adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 (　　)8. substantial H．n. 介入；出面；干涉 (　　)9. statistic I．n. 显微镜 (　　)10. microscope J．n. [pl. ] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 [答案]　1－5　BCAED　6－10　HFGJI 第二组 (　　)1. thinking　 A．n. 蛋白质 (　　)2. protein B．n. 病毒 (　　)3. cell C．n. 思想；思维；见解 (　　)4. virus D．adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 (　　)5. initial E．n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 (　　)6. framework F．n. 彩虹 (　　)7. rainbow G．n. 框架；结构 (　　)8. concrete H．n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 (　　)9. mechanic I．n. 机械师；机械修理工 (　　)10. leadership J．n. 混凝土adj. 混凝土制的；确实的； 具体的 [答案]　1－5　CAEBD　6－10　GFJIH · 词汇拓展 1．infect vt.使感染；传染→infection n．感染；传染 2．prove vt.证明 link v．证明是→proof n．证据；证明；检验 3．pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purify v．净化 4．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→transformation n．转化；转换；变换；变化 5．thinking n．思想；思维；见解→think v．认为；思考 6．finding n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→find v．发现 7．initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.起初 8．defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense n．防御；保卫 9．assistant n．助理；助手→assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助 10．gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n．天赋；天分 11．steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地 12．vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地 · 核心词块匹配 (　　)1. once and for all A．同意；赞同 (　　)2. subscribe to B．幸亏；由于 (　　)3. thanks to C．水泵 (　　)4. water pump D．最终地；彻底地 (　　)5. theoretical framework E．(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 (　　)6. break out F．理论框架 (　　)7. in charge of G．下降；坠落 (　　)8. come down H．最重要的是；尤其是 (　　)9. above all I．主管；掌管 [答案]　1－5　DABCF　6－9　EIGH · 重点句型 1．句型公式：It seems that ...看起来似乎…… [教材原句p.2]　It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much (那个女人看起来似乎很喜欢从抽水机里取来的水) that she had it delivered to her house every day. 2．句型公式：have sth done [教材原句p.2]　Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed (让人把水泵的手柄拆了) so that it could not be used. 2. 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空 1．The evidence demonstrates how easily people can hold contradictory (相互矛盾的) beliefs. 2．Was his mother too severe (严厉) on him? 3．The driver of the crashed car received multiple (多样的) injuries. 4．We should transform our subjective world while transforming (改变) the objective world. 5．According to official statistics (统计数字)，the island had 37 people. 6．The traffic accidents in the city decreased (减少) last year. 7．They made substantial (重大的) changes to the arrangements. 8．The prime minister was always demanding active intervention (干涉) early on. 9．The police have now narrowed down their list of suspects (犯罪嫌疑人)． 10．He was not displeased at the way he had handled (处理) the problem. Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空 1．If the primary infection (infect) is not treated，further outbreaks may occur. 2．We would resist any armed intervention (intervene) from outside in our country's affairs. 3．An accident was avoided by his quick thinking (think)． 4．The findings (find) of the commission have not yet been made public. 5．The mechanic (machine) was busy repairing the machine. 6．I'll ask my personal assistant (assist) to deal with this. 7．He was praised for his firm leadership (leader)． 8．Their helpers are gifted (gift) with amazing powers of patience. 9．He did something contradictory (contradict) to his orders. 10．The blood on his shoes was a proof (prove) of his guilt. III. 词块语法单句填空 1．Give the bottle a couple of shakes before pouring(pour) the juice. 2．We are determined to defend (defend) our motherland at all costs. 3．Klan called his assistant (assist)，Hasher，to take over his duties while he went out. 4．Early astronomers (astronomer) thought that our planet was the centre of the universe. 5．He stopped，shifting (shift) his cane to his left hand. 6．He came down with illness last night and is still under emergency treatment. 7．Someone must be put in charge of writing down all the ideas. 8．Fires broke out everywhere，the entire city went up in flames. 9．The characters in the book are vividly (vivid) presented. 10．I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault with me. IV. 重点句式仿写 1．可怕的地震似乎把一切都摧毁了。(seem) It seemed that everything was destroyed by the terrible earthquake. 2．我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(have sth done) We began to help pick peaches and then had them delivered to the farmers' houses． V. 语法填空 Dear Dad， On this date of your 50th birthday，Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago.In your letter，you 1. (wish) me to be strong­minded and successful.You were looking forward to 2. (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for 3. (me) and others. After reading this letter，I feel quite 4. (shock) at your 5. (expect) on me.I also feel shamed of not having performed well 6. (meet) your demand.I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed to apply myself to studying.I was addicted to computer games.As a consequence，I soon became the last one in my class.You didn't abuse me at all.7. the contrary，you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard.Only 8. I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself. I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you.Wish you 9. (health) and happy.I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being 10. brave and successful person. 【语篇解读】　本文是一封感谢父亲的信。“‘我’情不自禁地要向您表达我的谢意和最美好的祝愿。祝您健康快乐。‘我’保证，‘我’将不遗余力地满足您的要求，成为一个勇敢和成功的人。” 1．wished　[考查时态。根据前面的18 years ago，可知句子用一般过去时态。] 2．seeing　[考查固定搭配。look forward to＋名词/代词/动名词，表示“期盼某事或做某事”。] 3．myself　[考查反身代词。句意：你期待着看到我勇敢的为自己的未来奋斗，并为自己和他人做的更好。结合句意此处用反身代词。] 4．shocked　[考查过去分词。feel shocked感到震惊。] 5．expectation　[考查名词。your(你的)是形容词性物主代词，后面用名词。] 6．to meet　[考查非谓语动词。句意：我也为没有很好地完成你的要求而感到羞愧。不定式作目的状语，故答案为to meet。] 7．On　[考查固定词组。on the contrary正相反。] 8．when　[考查时间状语从句的引导词。句意：只有当我读了你的信，我才意识到我当时表现很差，你很伤心看到我没有为自己做好。此处是only＋状语，引导部分倒装。] 9．healthy　[考查形容词。句意：祝您健康快乐。此处是形容词作宾语补足语，故答案为healthy。] 10．a　[考查冠词。句意：我保证我将不遗余力地满足您的需求，成为一个勇敢和成功的人。] 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$