一般现在时（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语六年级下册

暑期专项 | 小学英语语法精讲&例题解析&模拟演练：一般现在时 01 英语一般现在时 构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 例如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 例如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 注意：一般现在时经常和频率副词连用。 句型 01 be动词的变化 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 例如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 例如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I m not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 例如：Where is my bike? 02 行为动词的变化 否定句：主语+ don t( doesn t ) +动词原形(+其它)。 例如：I don t like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn t构成否定句。 例如：He doesn t often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 例如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don t. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 例如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 例如：How does your father go to work? 03 动词第三人称单数形式构成规则 动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。 1.大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。 例如： ① stop－stops [s] make－makes [s] ② read－reads [z] play－plays [z] 2. 以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 例如： fly－flies [z] carry－carries [z] study－studies [z] worry－worries 3.以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 例如： teach－teaches [iz] watch－watches [iz] 4. 以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 例如： go－goes [z] do－does [z] 下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 例如：1）do [du:]－does [dz] 2）say [sei]－says [sez] 以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e” 发音， 与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。如：close－closes [iz] be动词包括：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数are，过去式为were. have，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has；动词 be 的第三人称单。 例题精讲和解析 【例1】单项选择。 ( ) Lingling often ________ her parents at home. A. help B. helping C. helps 【解析】此题考查一般现在时中实义动词的用法。一般现在时常与always、usually、often等频度副词连用。句中主语Lingling是第三人称单数，动词应用其第三人称单数形式helps。 【答案】C 【例2】选词填空。 Daniel and Milly _______ (is; are) in Class One. 【解析】 此题考查一般现在时中be动词的用法。be动词在一般现在时中有am、is和are三种形式。并列主语后的be动词用 are 。 【答案】are 【例3】用所给单词的适当形式填空。 The sun __________ (go) down in the evening. 【解析】此题考查一般现在时表示客观事实的用法。根据句意“太阳在傍晚落下”可知用一般现在时，句中主语是第三人称单数，所以应在go后加-es。 【答案】goes 模拟演练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Bob and Lisa ________ from the UK. A. comes B. are C. is ( ) 2. There ________ seven days in a week. A. are B. were C. is ( ) 3. Miss Li ________ clothes on Saturdays. A. wash B. washing C. washes ( ) 4. We ________ shopping three times a month. A. goes B. go C. are ( ) 5. My home ________ next to the zoo. A. is B. are C. were 二、用am、is或are填空。 Dear Rose, My name 1. _______ Carla. I 2. _______ an English girl. I 3. _______ polite and helpful. My favourite food 4. _______ fish. It 5. _______ healthy. I live in a small village. There 6. _______ a river and some houses in th e village. Behind the houses, there 7. _______ some hills. The sky 8. _______ blue and the air 9. _______ fresh. People in the village 10. _______ so nice. Welcome to my village! Carla 三、选词填空，补全短文。 Mrs Green is an English teacher. Every morning she 1. ________ (get; gets) up at six o’clock. Then she 2. ________ (cook; cooks) breakfast for her family. She 3. ________ (go; goes) to work at seven. That 4. ________ (was; is) early. In her classes, the students ofte n 5. ________ (learn; learns) English by reading, listening, singing and playing games. They 6. ________ (like; likes) her lessons very much. Mrs Green 7. ________ (go; goes) home at five thirty in the afternoon. After dinner, she often 8. ________ (take; takes) a walk with Mr Green. Sometimes she 9. ________ (read; reads) storybooks for her kids. Mrs Green 10. ________ (has; had) a busy life. 答案角 一、1-5 BACBA 二、 1. is 2. am 3. am 4. is 5. is 6. is 7. are 8. is 9. is 10. are 三、 1. gets 2. cooks 3. goes 4. is 5. learn 6. like 7. goes 8. takes 9. reads 10. has 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$