2024年人教版中考英语一轮复习 必备语法--副词课件

副词 初中英语 必备语法 考点一 副词的定义及构成 1.定义:用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或者整个句子,表示时间、地点、程度或方式等概念。副词简称adv. (1)副词修饰动词 Lucy sings loudly in the shower. 露西在洗澡时大声唱歌。 (2)副词修饰形容词,常常表示程度。 She is extremely beautiful. 她极其美丽 (3)副词修饰副词,和修饰形容词类似。 He sings extremely well.(extremely 修饰副词well) 他唱得极好。 (4)副词修饰整个句子。 一些副词可以修饰整个句子。常见的包括generally,fortunately,interestingly和accordingly。此类副词不描述句子中的任何一件特定的事物,而是描述对句子中所有信息的一般感觉。 Fortunately, we got there in time.幸运的是,我们及时到达了那里。 2.常见构成(形容词变副词): 形容词 转化规则 例词 一般情况 加-ly slow-slowly 缓慢地 bad-badly 恶劣地 warm-warmly 温暖地 以-y结尾, 双音节,多音节词 变y为i加-ly happy-happily 快乐地 lucky-luckily 幸运地 angry-angrily 生气地 以-y结尾, 单音节词 加-ly shy-shyly 害羞地 形容词 转化规则 例词 以不发音的-e结尾 加-ly wide-widely宽广地 wise-wisely 明智地 以-ue结尾 去e加-ly true-truly 真正地 due-duly 适当地 以辅音字母+le结尾 去e加-y simple-simply 仅仅 comfortable-comfortably 舒服地 以-ic结尾 加-ally economic-economically 经济地 特殊变化 无规律 good-well 好地 将下列形容词转换成对应的副词 sad-sadly悲伤地 patient-patiently 有耐心地 polite-politely 有礼貌地 heavy-heavily 沉重地 brave-bravely 勇敢地 true-truly 真正地 due-duly 适当地 gentle-gently 温柔地 dramatic-dramatically 戏剧性地,夸张地 automatic-automatically意识地;自动地 考点二 同形的副词和形容词 单词 形容词词义 副词词义 单词 形容词词义 副词词义 early 早的 在早期,提前 loud 大声的 大声地 hard 坚硬的 努力地 deep 深的 深深地 right 正确的 正好 fast 快速的 快速地 判断下列标红词为形容词还是副词 I decided that I was going to take early retirement. 我决定了我将提早退休。 She arrived early to get a place at the front. 她提前到达,好在前排找个位置。 Suddenly there was a loud bang. 突然砰地一声响。 The water is very deep and mysterious looking. 水很深,而且看起来很神秘。 They work terrifically fast. 他们工作极快。 形容词 副词 形容词 形容词 副词 考点三 副词的句法功能 (1)作状语:修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或整个句子。 They welcomed us warmly. 他们热情地欢迎我们。 (2)作表语:说明主语的方位、方向、动作等。 The meeting is on.会议开始了。 (3)作定语:表示时间或地点,常放在名词后。 Her life abroad is colourful. 她在国外的生活丰富多彩。 (4)作补足语:作主语补足语或宾语补足语。 The boy was seen upstairs.(主语补足语) 有人看见这个男孩在楼上。 I found nobody in while I wanted help.(宾语补足语) 我需要帮助时却发现屋里没人。 考点四 常见副词的分类 分类 例词 分类 例词 时间副词 recently 最近 today 在今天 now 现在 方式副词 fast 快速地 slowly 缓慢地 well 好地 地点副词 here 这里 there 那里 above 在上面 程度副词 much 非常 very 非常 quite 十分 连接副词 however 然而 then 那么 therefore 因此 疑问副词 when 什么时候 where 在哪里 why 为什么 例句展示 (1)The bank recently opened a branch in Miami.(时间副词) 这家银行最近在迈阿密开了一家分行。 (2)There it is, on the corner over there. (地点副词) 在那儿,在那边转角处。 (3)He's only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.(连接副词) 他只有17岁,因此没有投票选举的资格。 (4)I felt quite bitter about it at the time.(程度副词) 当时我对此感到相当痛苦。 考点五 副词的位置 (1)大部分副词作状语时,常位于被修饰词后。 He wrote a poem yesterday. 他昨天写了一首诗。 (2)修饰形容词或副词时,常位于被修饰词前。 She walked terribly slowly. 她走路慢得出奇。 (3)修饰动词时,一般置于实义动词之前,助动词、be 动词和情态动词之后。 I can hardly believe what he said. 我很难相信他说的话。 考点六 易混淆的形容词和副词 (1)good 和 well good (形容词)意为“好的” ;well(形容词)意为“健康的”,(副词)意为“好”。 I'm not very well today, I can't come in. 我今天身体不太舒服,不能参加了。 He is good because he can do things well. 他不错,因为他可以把事情做得很好。 (2) hard 和 hardly hard(形容词)意为“坚硬的;困难艰辛的”,(副词)意为“努力地”; hardly(副词)意为“几乎不”。 That's a very hard question. 那是个很难的问题。 He always works hard and hardly plays games. 他总是努力工作,几乎不玩游戏。 (3)alone 和 lonely alone(形容词)意为“独自的”,(副词)意为“独自”,强调客观状态; lonely(形容词)意为“孤独的”,强调内心感受。 Never in her life had she felt so alone, so abandoned. 她一辈子从没有感到过如此孤独、如此被抛弃。 He lives alone but never feels lonely. 他一个人住,但从不感到孤独。 (4) high 和 highly high(形容词)意为“高的”,(副词)意为“在高处” highly(副词)意为“高级地;赞赏地”,强调抽象意义的高。 The mountain is very high.山很高。 He thinks highly of me.他对我评价很高。 think highly of sb.对某人高度赞扬 一、单项选择 (1)My neighbour doesn't seem very _. She always ignores my greeting and avoids me. A. sadly B. happily C. patiently D. friendly (2)Li Hua can _understand his English teacher in class because he doesn't study _. A. hardly; hardly B. hard; hard C. hardly; hard D. hard; hardly (3)The little boy from Sichuan is very poor. He_ goes to school on foot and_goes by taxi. A. often; always B. never; always C. always; never D. sometimes; often (4)My grandmother_up at five in the morning. A. get always B. always get C. always gets D.gets always (5)一 Do you think he is a _singer? 一 Yes, he sings_. All my friends love his songs. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; well D.well; good (6) It is a good tradition in China that teenagers should speak _to the old. A. politely B. polite C. impolitely D. impolite (7)We must eat_food because eating_is good for our_. A. healthy; healthily; health B. health; healthy; healthily C. healthily; health; healthy D. healthy; health; healthily (8)In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible, the drivers_stopped to eat or rest during the journey. A. nearly B. hardly C. badly D. mostly (9)_do you visit your grandparents, Tom? 一Twice a month. A. How much B. How often C. How long D. How soon (10)- China has formed a deep friendship with countries around the world. - That's true. We are working_together in many fields. A. closely B. nervously C. terribly D. humorously (11)- Mike,_will the new science museum be built? - It will be built in the center of the city. A. when B. where C. what D. why (12)一 Does your sister spend her money_? 一Yes, of course. She knows what to buy and what not to buy. A. quickly B. wisely C. badly D. simply 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 (13) They waited_ (silent) for what seemed hours, and then Tom touched Huck's arm. (14) Though living _ in a village far away from the city, he doesn't feel _. (lone) (15) All my teachers think _(high) of Jim because he always tries his best to do everything. (16) He wanted to buy a gift for his mother, but _(luck) every shop was closed because of the bad weather. silently alone lonely highly unluckily 三、语法填空 David Smith is a student, and one of his(17)_ (hobby) is writing. During the summer of 2010, he spent four weeks at a summer camp. As well as the (18)_(usually) activities, there was a writing class. "The teacher was a writer, and she asked us to talk about our lives and tell (19)_(interest) stories. Then she encouraged us to write about our experiences at the camp." hobbies usual interesting When he went back to school, David wrote a story about (20)_life of a sixteen-year- old boy, and it came out as a book _ (successful) in 2012. Many young people love his book, and as a result, David has become a popular young writer. Writing has brought David pleasure and success, but it is not his only hobby. He is also interested in many other(22)_ (thing). "I always play volleyball," says David. the successfully things Everything will be fine at the end . If it is not fine then it is not the end . $$