Unit 2 Let's celebrate! Using language 课件--2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 2 Let's celebrate！ 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. What do the words in bold indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility? Will the meaning of sentence (a) change if we replace “could” with “must” or “might”? The words in bold indicate possibility. If we replace “could” with “must”, the meaning of sentence (a) will change. It means the speaker is quite sure about the statement. If we replace “could” with “might’, the meaning of sentence (a) will remain more or less the same. “Could” and “might” in affirmative sentences have a similar meaning when indicating possibility. 2 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. What happens if we change “must” and “might” in sentences (b) and (c) into “could”? If we replace “could” with “must”, the meaning of sentence (a) will change. It means the speaker is quite sure about the statement. If we replace “could” with “might’, the meaning of sentence (a) will remain more or less the same. “Could” and “might” in affirmative sentences have a similar meaning when indicating possibility. 3 Modals——情态动词（2） 用来表明说话者情绪态度和语气等的动词，叫做情态动词。它表示人的能力、推测、请求、义务意愿需要等，本身具有一定的词义但不能单独作谓语，需要和其他实义动词一起构成谓语。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外)，但有些情态动词有过去式。否定式在其后加not,疑问句则将其置于主语之前。 英语中常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare, used to, have to, had better等。 4 情态动词 will和 would 除了用作助动词构成将来时态外,还可用作情态动词,表示情态意义。 1. 表示意愿 表示主语的意愿，如意志、愿望或决心等。will用于现在或将来,would 用于过去。 —Can someone help me? ——有人能帮我一下吗? —I will. ——我来帮你。 will 和 would 的用法 5 情态动词 2. 表示请求 will 用在第二人称的疑问句中,表示婉转的请求或征求意见。这时will和would 通用,而would比will更客气、委婉用won‘t you加强请求的语气。 Won't you go have a coffee with us? 怎么不和我们一起去喝杯咖啡? 3.表示习惯或特性 表示一种习惯、倾向或固有性质等。will 用于现在，would用于过去,带有主观性,常意为“总是”。 Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水上。 will 和 would 的用法 6 情态动词 4. 表示推测 will/would表示推测，意为“大概，可能，想必”，其推测把握小于must。will和would都可以表示对现在或将来的推测，但would比will把握要低一些，留有一定的余地。“will+完成式”表示对过去的推测。 This will be the book you are looking for, I think. 我想这应该是你要找的书。 5. will 表示必然性，意为“注定会” Man will die without air. 没有空气, 人注定要死亡。 will 和 would 的用法 7 情态动词 6. would 构成的固定结构 (1) would like sth.和 would like to do sth.表示“想要某物”和“想要做某事”。 I would like a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 (2) would rather 表示“宁愿”是一种对现在过去或将来的愿望,后接动词原形。若接从句,从句要用虚拟语气。 I would rather stay here for another week. 我宁愿在这儿再待一周。 (3) would prefer“宁可更喜欢”,would可省去。常用于prefer to do sth.结构。 She (would) prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. 她宁愿走着去也不愿乘公交车去那儿。 will 和 would 的用法 8 情态动词 1. ought to和should 的用法基本相同,意为“应该,应当”，表示责任、义务、劝告、可能性等,语气上比 should 强。ought to 没有人称、数和时态的变化,后跟动词原形。 We ought to protect wild animals. 我们应该保护野生动物。(责任或义务) The weather ought to improve after the weekend. 过了周末,天气应该会好起来的。(推测)。 ought to 的用法 9 情态动词 2. ought to 的否定式是 ought not to或oughtn’t to,疑问式将ought置于主语之前。 Such things ought not to happen, ought they? 这样的事情不应该发生,是吗? 3. ought to+完成式 ought to have done sth.本该做某事(实际上没有做) ought not to have done sth.本不该做某事(实际上做了) I realize I ought to have told you about it. 我意识到我本该告诉你这件事的。 ought to 的用法 10 情态动词 1. 表示“规定”和“指令” 主要指客观上的法律条文规定常译为“应该”“必须”。 2. 表示“必须”和“不得不” 强调客观需要，而must侧重说明主观看法。 3. have to有多种不同的时态，而must 只有一种时态。 4. have to的否定形式要借助助动词do来完成即don’t/doesn‘t/didn’t/will not have to,意为“不必,没有必要”。 5. have to 还可以表示“推测”,意思是“一定，肯定”。用于肯定意义的推测，与must 用法相似。 have to 的用法 11 情态动词 need意为“需要;有必要”。既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。 1.作情态动词 need 用作情态动词,后接动词原形,无人称、数和时态的变化。一般用于否定句、疑问句以及非肯定句(如条件句,带有疑问的名词性从句等)。疑问句直接将 need 提前肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或 don't have to。 I wonder if I need bring a digital camera with me. 我想是否需要带一部数码相机。 need 的用法 12 情态动词 2. 作实义动词 (1) need作实义动词,有人称和数的变化,后面接带to的不定式，其否定式、疑问式都要通过助动词do构成。 —Does she need to stay here to help you?——需要她留下来帮你的忙吗? —Yes, she does. ——需要。 —No, she doesn’t. ——不必。 (2) need作实义动词，除了接带to的动词不定式外,还可跟名词、代词、动名词等,意为“需要”。当主语为物时,need后用动词不定式的被动式或动名词的主动式，意义相同。 All living things need water. 所有的生物都需要水。 need 的用法 13 情态动词 3. needn't have done的意义 表示过去没有必要做某事,意为“本来不必做某事”(但实际上做了)。 You needn't have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. 你本来不必浇花的,因为就要下雨了。 “need+完成式”仅限于否定句或疑问句，不用于肯定句。 Need he have paid so much? 他需要付那么多钱吗? need 的用法 14 情态动词 dare意为“敢;敢于”。既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。 1. 作情态动词 dare用作情态动词后接动词原形没有人称和数的变化。一般用于否定句、疑问句以及非肯定句(如条件句,带有疑问的名词性从句等)。疑问句把dare提到主语前,否定用dare not或daren't。 (1) 用于否定句。 No one dare speak of it. 没人敢说这件事。 (2) 用于疑问句及非肯定句。 Dare you let out the news to the public? 你敢把这个消息透露给公众吗? dare 的用法 15 情态动词 2. 作实义动词 (1) dare 还可用作实义动词,它有人称和数的变化,肯定句中后跟带 to 的不定式。在否定句和疑问句中,不定式符号to 可以省略。其否定式、疑问式都要借助助动词 do构成。 She dares to do whatever she wants to do. 只要她想做的，她就敢做。 (2) I dare say是习惯用法，意为“我认为，我猜想”。 I dare say you are a little angry. 我认为你有点生气了。 dare 的用法 16 情态动词 情态动词used to意为“过去常常”表示过去特有的习惯,但现在并非如此,用来强调今昔对比。无人称和数的变化,可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。 其否定形式为: usedn't to或didn’t use to。其疑问形式是将used 提到主语前: Used...to...? 或用Did开头: Did...use to...? She doesn't get up early as she used to. 她(现在)不像以前起得那么早了。 Did she use to go to the same school as your sister? 她过去和你姐姐去同一所学校上学吗? used to的用法 17 情态动词 情态动词used to意为“过去常常”表示过去特有的习惯,但现在并非如此,用来强调今昔对比。无人称和数的变化,可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。 其否定形式为: usedn't to或didn’t use to。其疑问形式是将used 提到主语前: Used...to...? 或用Did开头: Did...use to...? She doesn't get up early as she used to. 她(现在)不像以前起得那么早了。 Did she use to go to the same school as your sister? 她过去和你姐姐去同一所学校上学吗? used to的用法 18 情态动词 had better 后跟动词原形，意为“最好……”,用来表示劝告或建议。它的否定形式为 had better not。 You'd better try it again if you fail this time. 如果你这次失败了,你最好再试一次。 What had we better do next? 下一步我们最好做什么? had better的用法 19 Rewrite the underlined sentences in the conversation using can/could, may/might, and must. I expect you must be tired now! It may/might/could be him. That must be Lucy. That can’t be Lucy. They may/might/could be from our school. Look at the picture and make as many sentences as possible using can / could, may / might and must. The girl with glasses may be very tired to get up so early and carry so many bags. The man with a wallet in his hand might be a bit reluctant to pay. The woman in red must be very excited to buy so many things because she wears a big smile on her face. The cashier might be feeling uncomfortable as he is sweating a lot. Make more sentenses with your group member using can / could, may / might and must. Do you like the Lantern Festival? How do you usually celebrate the Lantern Festival? Guessing lantern riddles Watching dragon and lion dance Enjoying lanterns Eating yuanxiao (or tangyuan） Underline the words and expressions about celebrations during the Lantern Festival in the speech bubbles and complete the mind map. Add any more you can think of. Complete the mind map. Add any more you can think of. flowers scarf rice balls dumplings/noodles/... red envelope/dress/... hold a lantern riddles competition firework show ballons posters/... Describe a festival celebration using the words and expressions you have learnt. To celebrate..., we often drink / eat..., give... as gifts, decorate with... A festival invitation invitations written invitations spoken invitations proper time to arrive on time 15 to 30 minutes late Listen to the conversation and complete the sentences with the correct ending. 1. Tony would like to ______. 2. Hugo wants to find out ______. 3. On that day they will ______. a. go to Hugo’s apartment to give thanks b. invite Hugo to his apartment to celebrate Thanksgiving c. what he needs to bring to the party d. what he should say at the party e. go shopping together and watch the parade f. watch an American football game on TV b c f Listen to the conversation and complete the sentences with the correct ending. Occasion: a 1_________________ party When: the fourth 2______________ in 3_______________ Where: Tony’s 4_______________ What to eat: a 5______________ with all the side dishes and homemade 6_______________ What to bring: some flowers or 7___________ What to wear: 8_________________ Thanksgiving Thursday November apartment big turkey apple pie candies anything you like Activity 8 Work in pairs. Act out the conversation about extending and accepting an invitation. student A You are inviting a teacher from overseas to celebrate a traditional festival. You need to give him / her the following information: It’s called the Double Ninth Festival. It’s on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. It’s a traditional Chinese festival celebrating good health and a long life. It’s a good opportunity to visit elderly relatives. People celebrate the festival by climbing mountains, appreciating chrysanthemum flowers and drinking chrysanthemum wine. Remember to wear comfortable walking shoes. He / She doesn’t need to bring anything. student B You are a teacher from overseas working in China. One of your Chinese students invites you to celebrate a traditional festival. Accept the invitation, but ask for the following information: what the festival is called when the festival takes place what it celebrates what the customs are what you need to bring Activity 8 Vocabulary 1. indicate indication n.表明;显示 indicate sth.to sb. 向某人指出某物 indicate that... 示意……;表明…… as...indicate 正如……所示(= as is indicated...) indicate one's intention 表明某人的意图 indicate fine weather 预示好天气 练习：As ________________ (indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad. is indicated 32 Vocabulary 2. request make requests/a request for... 请求……;要求…… at one's request=at the request of sb. 应某人的要求 by request 按照要求 make a request that... 提出请求…… request sth. from sb. 向某人要求某物 request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求某人做某事(宾语从句用虚拟语气) It is/was requested that... 人们要求/请求……(主语从句用虚拟语气) 练习：You will sound a lot more polite if you make ________ request in the form of a question. a 33 Vocabulary 3. wave wave at/to sb. 朝某人挥手 wave sth.at sb. 朝某人挥动(胳膊、手绢等) wave sb. goodbye/wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手道别 wave sb. through 挥手让某人通过 give sb. a wave 向某人挥手 a wave of... 一阵/一股...... a wave of fear 一阵恐惧感 radio/sound waves 无线电波/声波 练习：He greeted them with __________ wave and a broad smile. a 34 Vocabulary 4. attract attractive adj.妩媚的;迷人的;吸引人的 attraction n.吸引,吸引力 attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 be attracted to sb. 爱慕某人,为某人所吸引 be attracted by 被……吸引 attract a lot of interest 引起很大的兴趣 attract one's attention/mind 吸引某人的注意力 练习：Thousands of foreigners were attracted __________ the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. to/by 35 Vocabulary 5. competition compete v.竞争；参加比赛 competitive adj.竞争的;比赛的 enter/win/lose a competition 参加/赢得/输掉比赛 in competition with 与……竞争 hold a competition 举行竞赛 fair competition 公平竞争 fierce competition 激烈的竞争 练习：We're going to have a ___________ (compete) to see who can swim the farthest. competition 36 Vocabulary 10. starving starve v. (使) 挨饿;饿死 starvation n. 饿死;挨饿 be starving 饿极了 starve to death 饿死 starve for 渴望获得,迫切需要 be starved of 缺乏. . . . . . die of/from starvation 饿死 close to starvation 濒临饿死 suffer from starvation 遭受饥饿 练习：The shy girl starves ________ confidence. for 37 Vocabulary 7. occasion special/formal occasions 特殊/正式场合 on occasion(s) 有时，偶尔 on this/that occasion 这次/那次 on one occasion 有一次 on no occasion 绝不，不会 on the occasion of 在……之际 练习：________ one occasion, she called me in the middle of the night. On 38 Vocabulary 8. pay attention to pay attention to sb./sth. 注意某人/某物 pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 pay attention to ways and means 注意方式和方法 pay attention to what he is saying 注意他讲的话 pay more attention 更加注意 pay no attention 没注意 练习：In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention ________ our table manners. to 39 Exercise 1. These are the very reference articles __________ I am looking for. 2. We should find the way in __________ we communicate with others. 3. Don't let anything come __________ you and your listeners. 4. She ______________________ (join) the party yesterday—she went abroad the day before yesterday. 5. She ____________________ (sing) for you because of shyness, but I'm not sure. that which between couldn't have joined might/may not sing 40 Exercise 6. —Are you going to participate in the lantern riddles competition? —I'm not sure. I _____________ go to visit a poet who comes from Shanghai. 7. You __________ have the wrong number! There is no such a person in our office. 8. Accidents __________ happen to any drunken driver. 9. The window is open. He __________ have come back. 10. You __________ hand in your homework; otherwise, you are not allowed to play outside. might/may must can could must 41 1. Where is my pen? I ____it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 2. I ________ be a little bit slow，but at least I don't make stupid mistakes. A. should B. may C. must D. need 3. It’s terrible. My car break down just as we were going on our holiday. A. might B. would C. could D. must 4. —Why are your eyes so red? You________have slept well last night. —Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report. A. can’t B. mustn‘t C. needn’t D. won‘t 5. The Christmas of 1949 we didn’t have a tree. My dad had as much pride as anybody, so, I suppose, he ___________ just say that we ___________ one. A. had better…couldn’t have afforded B. oughtn’t to…couldn‘t have afforded C. wouldn‘t…couldn‘t afford D. would rather…couldn’t afford 42 Review the language points and complete the exercises. Work in pairs. Think about a similar situation and have a conversation. Homework See you next class! 44 ½âÓÇ µÚ¶þ²á, track 2 δ֪ 130773.93 $$