专题12 开学摸底考试语法填空20篇（city不city 流行语+嫦娥6号探测器+共享菜园+间隔日+历代酒器）-2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创）

2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练 （高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题09 开学摸底考试语法填空20篇 原卷版 （美国女生17岁获博士学位+ city不city 流行语+嫦娥6号探测器+共享菜园+间隔日+历代酒器） （2024高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 5th anniversary of 'Beijing Author Day’ celebrated at 30th Beijing International Book Fair 2024“北京作家日”五周年活动亮相第三十届北京国际图书博览会 This year marks the 5th anniversary of the “Beijing Author Day” brand event, coinciding with the 30th Beijing International Book Fair. The event attracted prominent writers and critics from China and 33 1 countries, including representatives of publishers and Sinologists. 2 its inception in 2019, “Beijing Author Day” has become a crucial platform for promoting Beijing literature globally. Over the past five years, 41 works by 35 Beijing writers 3 (sign) with foreign publishers, translating into 13 languages across 18 countries, totaling 4 (approximate) 7.35 million words. At the opening ceremony, Chen Ning, Party secretary of Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles, highlighted the progress made over the past five years. She noted that “Beijing Author Day” has created a 5 (comprehension) chain from content translation, cultural exchange, public reading, market cooperation, to promotion. This has effectively established an “international circle of friends” for Beijing literature 6 created a complete ecosystem for its global outreach. Chen expressed her hopes for this year’s activities, aiming to 7 (far) the development of Beijing literature, inspire writers, foster cultural exchanges, and enhance global 8 (recognize) of Beijing’s literary achievements. Following the opening ceremony, a seminar titled “Chinese Stories, World Literature: A Dialogue on Beijing in Cross-cultural Settings” 9 (hold), moderated by writer Li Er. Chinese authors Liu Zhenyun, Qiao Ye, and Shi Yifeng engaged in in-depth discussions with Sinologists from Turkey, the United States, and Mexico, 10 (explore) the global significance of Beijing literature and stories. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 US Teen Started College at 10, Earns Doctorate at 17 美国女生10岁上大学，17岁获博士学位 Dorothy Jean Tillman II of Chicago, Illinois took her first college class at age 10. This month, she became the 11 (young) person to earn a doctorate in integrated behavioral health at Arizona State University. When she completed her study program, she was 17. Tillman said her own journey wouldn't be possible 12 the support of her mom, who she said is one of her biggest motivators. "Everything 13 we were doing didn't seem abnormal to me or out of the ordinary until it started getting all of the attention," said Tillman. But she did not get to do all the normal 14 (thing) for young people like school dances, spirit weeks or just school pictures. She did find time for a dance program 15 started an organization called the Dorothyjeanius STEAM Leadership Institute. STEAM stands for "science, technology, engineering, arts and math." The program helps young people 16 (interest) in those subjects during school breaks. Now that she has finished her studies, Tillman, who is now 18, 17 (plan) to work on raising money to expand her organization. She hopes to bring it to other places beyond Chicago. Manson, the Arizona State professor, said Tillman is creative and 18 (energy), and that she is "a true leader." Her mother Jimalita Tillman said she is proud of her daughter's 19 (able) to deal with success while making good choices between 20 (take) part in social activities and her studies. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai bridges cultures at intl youth summer camp 2024上海国际友好城市青少年夏令营开营 The opening ceremony of the 2024 Shanghai International Sister Cities Youth Camp involving international students from 17 sister cities of Shanghai was held 21 Monday, ushering in a season of cross-cultural exchange and global friendship. Ye Linlin, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, underscored Shanghai’s commitment 22 fostering international understanding through education. “This camp aims to build a bridge 23 (connect) young minds from Shanghai and around the world, nurturing mutual appreciation and cross-cultural exchange.” Wang Jue, deputy district head of Putuo district, 24 (extend) a warm welcome to the international students, expressing hope that their urban explorations would provide insights 25 China’s sustainable development initiatives and cultivate a sense of global 26 (responsible). Before the ceremony, camp participants experienced an intangible cultural heritage fair showcasing Chinese traditions like bamboo weaving, paper-cutting, kite-making and rope arts arranged 27 10 schools in Putuo district. Highlights included Chinese drum and lion dance performances by Chinese students, 28 captivated foreign campers who 29 (enthusiastic) joined the celebrations. French delegates also performed the classic song Les Champs-Élysées, showcasing the unique charms of Eastern and Western cultures. The camp’s program encompasses traditional culture workshops, visits 30 Shanghai landmarks, museum tours, day-in-the-life experiences with local families, urban design activities and youth forums. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” 31 means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his 32 (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the 33 (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can 34 (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an 35 (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it 36 (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, 37 number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ, a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their 38 (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many 39 (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their 40 (willing) to come to China. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new large amphibious aircraft — 41 biggest in the world — has gone into batch production and final assembly, state news agency Xinhua reported. The plane, known 42 the AG600, is designed for maritime patrols and search and rescue operations. From the southern island province of Hainan, it could reach any location in the South China Sea within four hours and it could be used for cargo or passenger transport between islands, according to state media. Its 43 (develop), the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), told Xinhua on Tuesday that the front assembly for the first batch-produced AG600 44 (deliver) on June 30. It said the delivery of the plane’s front section — which took three months 45 (make) — marked the start of batch production of the aircraft. Final assembly of the amphibious plane will 46 (do) in the southern city of Zhuhai, in Guangdong province, by AVIC subsidiary AVIC General Huanan Aircraft Industry Co, Xinhua reported. The AG600 was developed to meet 47 (grow) demand for an emergency rescue aircraft 48 could be used in maritime searches. Work started on the plane in 2014, with maiden flights 49 (conduct) over land in 2017 and at sea in 2020, according to state media reports. Airworthiness tests began this year. China is trying to develop 50 (many) home-grown aircraft — like the AG600, the Y-20 large transport plane and the C919 single-aisle passenger jet — under a government plan to upgrade production equipment across industries through 2027. （2024高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China to launch pioneer cities for large-scale use of BeiDou satellite navigation China is preparing to support the large-scale application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), according to a recent announcement 51 (issue) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The ministry plans to designate several pilot cities to demonstrate the application of BeiDou in mass consumption, manufacturing and emerging sectors such as industrial internet and artificial intelligence (AI). The large-scale application of Beidou has now entered a critical stage of marketization, industrialization and internationalization. 52 (enable) the BDS to empower industries, China will cultivate leading enterprises, improve product quality and build a robust industrial ecosystem, according to the announcement. The announcement outlines that the pilot projects will focus on three areas, namely mass consumption, manufacturing and integrated 53 (innovate). In the field of mass consumption, pilot cities will focus on areas such as smartphones, 54 (wear) devices, tablets, shared travel tools and low-altitude drones. Enterprises 55 (encourage) to develop and manufacture BeiDou-enabled devices, thereby 56 (improve) the supply of products. In the field of industrial manufacturing, pilot cities will accelerate the application of BeiDou in key areas 57 automobiles, ships, aircraft and robots, the announcement says. Local governments have been urged to encourage 58 construction of platforms related to the internet of vehicles and intelligent networks and expand the proportion of commercial and passenger vehicles 59 are equipped with BDS. All these measures are expected to 60 (deep) integrate the BDS with new scenarios such as smart cities, intelligent transportation, smart logistics, smart maritime and precision agriculture, the announcement says. （2025·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched its complex and ambitious Chang’e-6 mission Friday to collect the first ever samples from the far side of the moon. A 57-meter-tall Long March 5 lifted off from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center at 5:30 a.m. Eastern (0930 UTC) May 3, carrying the 61 8,200-kilogram Chang’e-6 into orbit. A first second stage burn was completed 12 minutes 62 launch, with a trans-lunar injection (跨月轨道) burn set for around 14 minutes later. Spacecraft 63 (separate) is scheduled for around 37 minutes into flight. If successful, samples 64 (deliver) by the 53-day-long mission could change our understanding of the Earth and the history of the early solar system. Chang’e-6 is a four-module spacecraft. Its orbiter (人造卫星) will put the mission in lunar orbit, after 65 a lander will detach to land in the Apollo crater on the moon’s far side. As the far side of the moon is never visible to Earth, due to our planet slowing the moon’s rotation 66   leaving it tidally locked — in a way that relates to the the rise and fall of the sea, a relay satellite is needed for communication between Earth and the moon’s hidden side. For this, China 67 (launch) Queqiao-2 in March into a specialized lunar orbit. After landing, the spacecraft will use a drill and scoop to gather 2,000 grams of lunar material, reaching down two meters. These samples will 68 (load) into an ascent vehicle that will return to lunar orbit and perform 69 complex, delicate docking (对接) with the orbiter. From here, the samples are sent to a reentry capsule. The orbiter will prepare for the return to Earth. The reentry capsule will be released just prior 70 reaching Earth and will first skip off the planet’s atmosphere. This will help it slow it down before landing in Inner Mongolia. （24-25高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is promoting the commercial 71 (apply) of intelligent connected vehicles. As of now, the country 72 (establish) 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg predicted in April 73 Elon Musk would like to test its fully automated driving technology in China, because China’s artificial intelligence driven autonomous vehicle market “shows great prospects”. According to the forecast 74 (release) by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period, accelerating the large-scale application of Level 4 autonomous driving, with Level 6 being the highest, 75 (be) of great significance in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 76 , there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving. The report urges 77 (provide) safety guarantees for autonomous driving and integrating it 78 the transportation system; It added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research, testing, and operation should be established. In addition, 79 advocates for innovative policies and regulations to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 80 inclusive and positive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services. （23-24高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, shared vegetable plots 81 (find) in the city’s suburban (郊区的) districts in Shanghai as more white-collar workers turn to farming 82 (escape) the pressures of city life. Yang Hui is one of them. He has rented a 20-square-meter vegetable plot for 1600 yuan per year. The family tends radishes (白萝卜), lettuces and other vegetables they have planted. When they aren’t around during the week, 83 (professional) take over the work. 84 (found) by Chen Yougui 85 October 2022, the shared farm spans about 13.33 hectares (公顷) and comes with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits and leisure areas. According to Chen, the monitoring system covers 86 entire farmland, allowing members to view their vegetables and fields remotely through their phones. This farm has about 200 members, some of 87 even raise chickens and ducks running in the fields. Interestingly, each animal comes with its own QR code (二维码). The farm also uses technology to ensure that the chickens and ducks don’t go missing 88 run in someone else’s plot. Those who wish to 89 (active) participate in the cultivation (种植) of their crops, mainly from the older generations, can opt (选择) for the package to plant by 90 (they). Meanwhile young customers, like Yang, usually choose a package that comes with additional services from the farm to care for their plants whenever needed. （23-24高二下·浙江·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the mid-19th century, the world 91 (destroy) by cholera, a disease that killed thousands. In London, the epidemic (流行病) was particularly severe, with bodies piling up and fear running wild. In this chaos, a man name d John Snow rose 92   (challenge) the invisible enemy. John Snow, 93 medical doctor, had a keen interest in finding the source of cholera. He was not convinced by the then-common belief   94 cholera was spread through bad air. His suspicions were aroused 95 he noticed that most cases were concentrated around a single water pump in Soho. He investigated deeper, mapping the pumps and 96   (associate) them with cholera cases. With detailed observation and courageous experimentation, John Snow identified the polluted water 97 the “criminal” behind the epidemic. He convinced authorities to remove the handle of the pump, 98 (effective) stopping the spread of cholera. His actions saved 99   (count) lives and marked a significant turning point in public health history. John Snow’s lasting impact serves as a 100 (remind) of the strength of observation, logical reasoning, and decisive action in the face of challenges. （23-24高三下·湖南邵阳·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This Is Life, a documentary film, is set to grace the nation’s big screens on Jan. 13. The film features more than 800 short videos 101 (shoot) by 509 ordinary people from all 102 (walk) of life, especially manual laborers and farmers. The videos 103 (select) by the production crew over the course of a year from 104 total of more than 50,000 video clips (片段). By gathering the short video footage, the film engages ordinary people in its creation and presents their authentic life experience, 105 (allow) those who are often inadequately represented in mainstream cinemas to take center stage. According to the film’s director Sun Hong, by gathering, selecting 106 compiling (编辑) video clips from a vast database, the film presents how people record their own lives, which possesses a power of authenticity even 107 (great) than traditional documentaries. In the film, the audience will see construction workers working out on the construction site during their spare time, fishermen talking to their cormorants and teasing their greediness for fish, or boatmen celebrating a rare day 108 they could use tap water. “It is our creative effort, as documentary filmmakers, 109 (present) an authentic facet of China, highlighting how each individual establishes themselves in a 110 (rapid) developing society,” says Sun. （23-24高三下·青海海南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The concept of “gap days” 111 (appear) on a variety of social media platforms recently. Unlike a gap year, a gap day means an 112 (extreme) brief period of relaxation and escape from everyday routine. After resting, people will continue to devote 113 (they) to the busy pace of normal life. Apart from “gap days”, other similar expressions have made 114 hit on the Internet, such as “city walk”, “da zi (activity partner)” and so on. This growing trend of creating new phrases or euphemisms (委婉语) for something otherwise ordinary and common has caused 115 (heat) discussion. Some people think that these kinds of new phrases better cater to (迎合) people’s mindsets, 116 (show) their optimism. For example, the common expression “taking a walk” is neutral (中性的). But “city walk” 117 (be) the positive version of it, meaning “to explore the city with a curious mind”. Others disagree, however, and think that it’s simply just a kind of “sugaring up”, satisfying one’s need for showing off. For example, “city walk” is the same as “taking a walk” 118 general. But by calling it a “city walk”, people feel like they are doing something fancier than it actually is. But no matter how we think of these phrases, they have taken root in our daily lives and have already gained wide 119 (recognize) among the younger generation. So 120 we need to do is not make them out to be bigger than they actually are. （24-25高三·河北保定·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At SIAL Shanghai, a major international food and beverage exhibition launched on May 18. Mario Garcia, a cheese supplier from Spain, 121 (surround) by visitors inquiring about his products. Some of them surprised him with their knowledge about cheese 122 his country. “As many Chinese have made trips to Spain, they have a better understanding of my country’s cuisine, including 123 (we) cheese,” he says. Garcia’s company specializes in producing cheese of different ages and flavors, and 124 (do) business in China for about seven years. He says, participation in 125 (event) like SIAL can help him better reach potential customers and help them understand different cheeses and ways of enjoying them — 126 (particular) those with strong flavors unusual in Chinese cuisine. “Our importers here have been hosting cheese tastings and offering 127 (variety) recipes for our Chinese customers to learn how to use cheese, not just with bread and wine, but also how to cook with it,” he says. Over the years, Garcia has found that Chinese customers have developed a fondness for European products, 128 benefits his business. “They will learn about it and appreciate it once they find 129 new or strong flavor,” he says, adding that he is optimistic about the future of his business in China. At the event, the Swedish Trade and Invest Council also displayed the country’s distinctive products, 130 (range) from ice cream to plant-based drinks, wine and fruit jams. （24-25高三·四川雅安·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province    131 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 132 (release) report on the park’s development. The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 133 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 134 (respective), according to the report. 135 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia”. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 136 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters. According to Losang Tsering, 137 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 138 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows. The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 139 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves 140 an alpine biological germplasm bank, making it a crucial ecological security barrier in China. （24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Midwives bring new life into the world, and these midwifery students at London’s Middlesex University 141 (learn) a new way to do this now. Sarah Chitongo is the educator in this high-tech classroom. Her students use goggles 142 (equip) with augmented reality or AR, so trainee midwives can experience 143 simulated birth. AR is a digital overlay atop something real. It actually allows you 144 (engage) in that type of learning which is more visual than paper-based one. The training helps prepare students for all the potential risks they might face during childbirth, including 145 (handle) a situation that is very complex. Educators say students’ exposure 146 AR makes them more comfortable using it in the classroom. It’s about giving the students the ability to engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to, 147 within a serious learning space, so that they get a better 148 (understand) of it. Chitongo says it took her nearly a decade of midwifing before she 149 (see) a breech delivery. She says with AR technology in the classroom, students can better manage 150 happens in the real world and possibly even save a life. （24-25高三·四川成都·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 At first glance, the words alligator, bedroom, eyeball, gossip, hurry, and kissing may not have anything obvious in common, 151 they do — William Shakespeare. They are among up to 1,700 words 152 first recorded use is in the collected 153 (work) of the most important writer in the history of the English language. More than four centuries after his death in 1616, Shakespeare’s plays remain 154 unique source of artistic inspiration far beyond the land of his birth, 155 (endless) performed, studied, and adapted for countless languages and audiences. From Disney’s The Lion King to Feng Xiaogang’s film The Banquet, the story of a young man 156 (face) the challenge of growing up to seek revenge for his murdered father, is one of his most famous works. The 157 (forbid) love of Romeo and Juliet has been the inspiration for everything from Oscar-winning musical West Side Story to Chloe Gong’s novel series These Violent Delights, and Macbeth, with its tale of a man destined for greatness ruined by ambition, 158 (adapt) into Li Jianwu’s play Wang Deming in 1944, and classic Japanese film Throne of Blood in 1957. The collection of Shakespeare’s plays 159 (remain) at the heart of the study of English literature worldwide, and also provides the backbone of the tourist industry in Stratford-upon-Avon, his birthplace in England’s West Midlands, which is also home 160 the Royal Shakespeare Company theater. （24-25高三·黑龙江大庆·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human, people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing 161 they are talking to a machine. But the 162 (true) may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a game in 163 paired players made a series of 164 (decision) to cooperate with betray their partner. In 165 long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating. But there is always the desire 166 (earn) extra points at the partner’s expense. Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines, so the scientists hoped people 167 (play) with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would 168 (eventual) get past their distrust. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a senior author on the paper, 169 (publish) last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “A robot was 170 (likely) to obtain cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.” It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established. 【答案】 161．whether/if 162．truth 163．which 164．decisions 165．the 166．to earn 167．playing 168．eventually 169．published 170．less likely 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们在使用人工智能产品时发现，在人机交互中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡。 161．考查宾语从句。句意：随着人工智能产品在冒充人类方面的稳步提升，人们将越来越陷入不知道自己是否在和机器说话的令人不安的境地。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，从句结构完整，结合句意可知此处表示“是否”，应用whether或if引导从句。故填whether/if。 162．考查名词。句意：但事实可能会使这些产品的效果降低:最近的研究发现，在人机交互中，透明度与合作之间存在权衡。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处是名词作主语，表达“事实”，应用名词truth。故填truth。 163．考查定语从句。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为a game，在从句中作介词in的宾语。故填which。 164．考查名词的数。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。根据空格前的a series of可知，空格处应填名词的复数。故填decisions。 165．考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，保持合作对双方都有利。 in the long run从长远来看，固定短语。故填the。 166．考查非谓语动词。句意：但是他们总是希望以牺牲伴侣的利益为代价获得额外的分数。空格处应为不定式结构作后置定语，修饰the desire。故填to earn。 167．考查非谓语动词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。逻辑主语people和play之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填playing。 168．考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。空格处作状语，修饰动词get，应用副词形式。故填eventually。 169．考查非谓语动词。句意：“遗憾的是，我们未能实现这一目标，”该论文的资深作者Talal Rahwan说，该论文于去年11月发表在《自然机器智能》上。publish和逻辑主语paper之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰paper。故填published。 170．考查形容词的比较级。句意：与人类相比，机器人获得合作的可能性更小，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。句中的than表明本空应用形容词比较级，结合句意可知，此处表示“不太可能”。故填less likely。 （24-25高三·四川·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese drinking vessels (器皿) have kept evolving throughout the dynasties of China, 171 reflect the ceremony system, 172 (culture) ideas, customs and manners at that time. In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, ancient China established itself a complete ceremony system. 173 (drive) by the system, it’s widely believed that it’s impolite to serve 174 alcohol, which helped greatly promote the 175 (popular) and use of bronze (青铜) drinking vessels, 176 (make) them a significant symbol of bronze culture in this period. The drinking vessels came with a variety of shapes and sizes. Drinking wine was 177 (extreme) popular in the Tang Dynasty. Among more than 40,000 poems included in the Complete Tang Poems, there are up 178 5,400 poems written about wine. The drinking vessels mentioned in Tang poetry are rich in material, including metal vessels as well as ceramic (陶瓷) vessels, which boomed in the Song Dynasty. Jingdezhen ceramics in Jiangxi Province 179 (last) for five or six hundred years throughout the Ming and Qing dynasties, where a surprisingly large number and a wide variety of wine sets were created. Ceramic wine sets reached the peak of perfection in the Qing Dynasty, which 180 (represent) by the set of wine cups with flowers of the twelve months from the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. 【答案】 （24-25高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519), 181 painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 182 sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world. The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 183 the woman’s face. What is the reason for her smile? Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 184 (he)! This is because some of her 185 (face) features are similar to those in one of Da Vinci’s self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 186 (true)—where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 187 (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess! Mona Lisa didn't always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 188 (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 189 (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 190 (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art. （24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains, Caijiapo, a village in the Huyi district of Xi’an, the capital city of Shaanxi province, is full of artistic atmosphere, with various styles of art pieces 191 (decorate) the fields, houses and country roads. This remarkable transformation began six years ago 192 Wu Xiaochuan, a professor from the Xi’an Academy of Fine Arts, 193 (lead) a group of students to the village to create art. He and his team rented 5 mu (0.33 hectares) of wheat land and create various artworks in the fields. 194 (initial) met with confusion by villagers as those art forms were displayed without relevance to their daily lives, Wu realized that integration was necessary for 195 (accept) and vibration within the community. Then a breakthrough came in hosting the first “Guanzhong MangbaArts Festival”. 196 (integrate) with the Mangba Festival, Wu and the students set up 197 100-square-meter stage in the fields after the summer harvest. They invited Qinqiang Opera troupes, aerobics teams, and folk music groups to take part 198 the art festival and perform on the stage. From many spectators to active 199 (participant), residents in the Caijiapo village, together with artists and the local government, made joint efforts 200 (build) this artistic community to achieve rural revitalization (振兴). The construction of the art village has stimulated the emergence of fresh consumption scenes in  Caijiapo and its neighboring areas. 试卷第2页，共12页 试卷第1页，共12页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练 （高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题09 开学摸底考试语法填空20篇 解析版 （美国女生17岁获博士学位+ city不city 流行语+嫦娥6号探测器+共享菜园+间隔日+历代酒器） （2024高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 5th anniversary of 'Beijing Author Day’ celebrated at 30th Beijing International Book Fair 2024“北京作家日”五周年活动亮相第三十届北京国际图书博览会 This year marks the 5th anniversary of the “Beijing Author Day” brand event, coinciding with the 30th Beijing International Book Fair. The event attracted prominent writers and critics from China and 33 1 countries, including representatives of publishers and Sinologists. 2 its inception in 2019, “Beijing Author Day” has become a crucial platform for promoting Beijing literature globally. Over the past five years, 41 works by 35 Beijing writers 3 (sign) with foreign publishers, translating into 13 languages across 18 countries, totaling 4 (approximate) 7.35 million words. At the opening ceremony, Chen Ning, Party secretary of Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles, highlighted the progress made over the past five years. She noted that “Beijing Author Day” has created a 5 (comprehension) chain from content translation, cultural exchange, public reading, market cooperation, to promotion. This has effectively established an “international circle of friends” for Beijing literature 6 created a complete ecosystem for its global outreach. Chen expressed her hopes for this year’s activities, aiming to 7 (far) the development of Beijing literature, inspire writers, foster cultural exchanges, and enhance global 8 (recognize) of Beijing’s literary achievements. Following the opening ceremony, a seminar titled “Chinese Stories, World Literature: A Dialogue on Beijing in Cross-cultural Settings” 9 (hold), moderated by writer Li Er. Chinese authors Liu Zhenyun, Qiao Ye, and Shi Yifeng engaged in in-depth discussions with Sinologists from Turkey, the United States, and Mexico, 10 (explore) the global significance of Beijing literature and stories. 【答案】 1．other 2．Since 3．have been signed 4．approximately 5．comprehensive 6．and 7．further 8．recognition 9．was held 10．exploring 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了“北京作家日”五周年活动亮相第三十届北京国际图书博览会。“北京作家日”成为了在全球推广北京文学的重要平台。 1．考查形容词。句意：此次活动吸引了来自中国和其他33个国家的著名作家和评论家，其中包括出版商和汉学家的代表。根据空前from China可知，此处表示中国和其他33个国家，空处应用other，表示“其他的”。故填other。 2．考查连词。句意：自2019年成立以来，“北京作家日”已成为在全球推广北京文学的重要平台。根据句中its inception in 2019可知，此处表示自从2019年成立以来，空处应用since引导时间状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Since。 3．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，35位北京作家的41部作品与外国出版商签约，翻译成18个国家的13种语言，总计约735万字。根据时间状语Over the past five years可知，句子应用现在完成时，sign与主语41 works之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语41 works是复数，谓语动词使用have been signed。故填have been signed。 4．考查副词。句意：在过去的五年里，35位北京作家的41部作品与外国出版商签约，翻译成18个国家的13种语言，总计约735万字。空处修饰7.35 million words，表示大约735万字，应用程度副词approximately，符合题意。故填approximately。 5．考查形容词。句意：她指出，“北京作家日”打造了从内容翻译、文化交流、公众阅读、市场合作到推广的全链条。空处修饰名词chain，应用形容词形式comprehensive作定语。故填comprehensive。 6．考查连词。句意：这有效地建立了北京文学的“国际朋友圈”，为其全球影响力创造了一个完整的生态系统。结合语意，established an “international circle of friends” for Beijing literature和created a complete ecosystem for its global outreach之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 7．考查动词。句意：陈表达了她对今年活动的希望，旨在进一步发展北京文学，激励作家，促进文化交流，提高全球对北京文学成就的认可。aim to do sth.为固定短语，表示“旨在做某事，目的在于做某事”，所以空处应用动词形式further。故填further。 8．考查名词。句意：陈表达了她对今年活动的希望，旨在进一步发展北京文学，激励作家，促进文化交流，提高全球对北京文学成就的认可。空处用于形容词global之后，应用名词形式recognition，作动词enhance的宾语。故填recognition。 9．考查时态和语态。句意：开幕式结束后，由作家李洱主持的“中国故事世界文学：跨文化中的北京故事”研讨会举行。根据上下文时态可知，本句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，hold与主语 a seminar之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语 a seminar是单数，be动词使用was。故填was held。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国作家刘震云、乔叶、石一枫与土耳其、美国和墨西哥的汉学家进行了深入讨论，探讨了北京文学和故事的全球意义。句中已有谓语engaged，空处作非谓语动词，explore与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填exploring。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 US Teen Started College at 10, Earns Doctorate at 17 美国女生10岁上大学，17岁获博士学位 Dorothy Jean Tillman II of Chicago, Illinois took her first college class at age 10. This month, she became the 11 (young) person to earn a doctorate in integrated behavioral health at Arizona State University. When she completed her study program, she was 17. Tillman said her own journey wouldn't be possible 12 the support of her mom, who she said is one of her biggest motivators. "Everything 13 we were doing didn't seem abnormal to me or out of the ordinary until it started getting all of the attention," said Tillman. But she did not get to do all the normal 14 (thing) for young people like school dances, spirit weeks or just school pictures. She did find time for a dance program 15 started an organization called the Dorothyjeanius STEAM Leadership Institute. STEAM stands for "science, technology, engineering, arts and math." The program helps young people 16 (interest) in those subjects during school breaks. Now that she has finished her studies, Tillman, who is now 18, 17 (plan) to work on raising money to expand her organization. She hopes to bring it to other places beyond Chicago. Manson, the Arizona State professor, said Tillman is creative and 18 (energy), and that she is "a true leader." Her mother Jimalita Tillman said she is proud of her daughter's 19 (able) to deal with success while making good choices between 20 (take) part in social activities and her studies. 【答案】 11．youngest 12．without 13．that 14．things 15．and 16．interested 17．plans 18．energetic 19．ability 20．taking 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了多萝西·简·蒂尔曼来自伊利诺伊州芝加芝加市，她在10岁时上了她的第一堂大学课。本月，她成为亚利桑那州立大学获得综合行为健康博士学位的最年轻的人。当她完成学业时，她才17岁。 11．考查形容词最高级。句意：本月，她成为亚利桑那州立大学获得综合行为健康博士学位的最年轻的人。根据句意以及空前定冠词the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式the youngest“最年轻的”作定语修饰person，满足句意要求。故填youngest。 12．考查介词。句意：蒂尔曼说，如果没有母亲的支持，她自己的旅程是不可能实现的，她说母亲是她最大的动力之一。根据句意以及空后the support为名词可知，此处为介词without。“没有”，满足句意要求。故填without。 13．考查定语从句。句意：蒂尔曼说：“我们所做的一切对我来说都不是不正常或不寻常，直到它开始引起所有人的注意。”分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词Everything在从句中作宾语成分，由于先行词Everything为不定代词，所以只能由关系代词that引导。故填that。 14．考查名词复数形式。句意：但她并没有参加所有对年轻人来说正常的活动，比如学校舞会、精神周或学校照片。此处为名词作do的宾语成分，结合空前all可知，应为名词复数形式。故填things。 15．考查连词。句意：她确实抽出时间参加了一个舞蹈项目，并成立了一个名为多萝西·珍妮斯·STEAM领导力学院的组织。根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接前后两个动词did find和started，构成并列谓语成分。故填and。 16．考查形容词。句意：该项目在学校休息期间帮助对这些科目感兴趣的年轻人。表示“感兴趣的”，用形容词interesed作宾语补足语。故填interested。 17．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，18岁的蒂尔曼已经完成了学业，她计划筹集资金来扩大她的组织。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据从句谓语动词is可知，此处为一般现在时，主语Tillman为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填plans。 18．考查形容词。句意：亚利桑那州立大学教授曼森说，蒂尔曼富有创造力，精力充沛，是一位“真正的领导者”。由and连接的creative为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词形式，共同作句子的表语成分。故填energetic。 19．考查名词。句意：蒂尔曼的母亲吉玛丽塔·蒂尔曼说，她为女儿能够在参加社会活动和学习之间做出正确选择，同时面对成功感到骄傲。由空前daughter's为名词所有格可知，此处为名词形式。故填ability。 20．考查动名词。句意：蒂尔曼的母亲吉玛丽塔·蒂尔曼说，她为女儿能够在参加社会活动和学习之间做出正确选择，同时面对成功感到骄傲。由空前between为介词以及提示词为动词可知，此处为动名词形式。故填taking。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai bridges cultures at intl youth summer camp 2024上海国际友好城市青少年夏令营开营 The opening ceremony of the 2024 Shanghai International Sister Cities Youth Camp involving international students from 17 sister cities of Shanghai was held 21 Monday, ushering in a season of cross-cultural exchange and global friendship. Ye Linlin, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, underscored Shanghai’s commitment 22 fostering international understanding through education. “This camp aims to build a bridge 23 (connect) young minds from Shanghai and around the world, nurturing mutual appreciation and cross-cultural exchange.” Wang Jue, deputy district head of Putuo district, 24 (extend) a warm welcome to the international students, expressing hope that their urban explorations would provide insights 25 China’s sustainable development initiatives and cultivate a sense of global 26 (responsible). Before the ceremony, camp participants experienced an intangible cultural heritage fair showcasing Chinese traditions like bamboo weaving, paper-cutting, kite-making and rope arts arranged 27 10 schools in Putuo district. Highlights included Chinese drum and lion dance performances by Chinese students, 28 captivated foreign campers who 29 (enthusiastic) joined the celebrations. French delegates also performed the classic song Les Champs-Élysées, showcasing the unique charms of Eastern and Western cultures. The camp’s program encompasses traditional culture workshops, visits 30 Shanghai landmarks, museum tours, day-in-the-life experiences with local families, urban design activities and youth forums. 【答案】 21．on 22．to 23．connecting 24．extended 25．into 26．responsibility 27．by 28．which 29．enthusiastically 30．to 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。来自上海17个友好城市的国际学生参加的“2024上海国际友好城市青年营”开幕式于本周一举行，拉开了跨文化交流和全球友谊的序幕。介绍了这次青年营的一些情况。 21．考查介词。句意：来自上海17个友好城市的国际学生参加的“2024上海国际友好城市青年营”开幕式于本周一举行，拉开了跨文化交流和全球友谊的序幕。表示在星期几应用介词on。故填on。 22．考查介词。句意：上海市教委副主任叶霖霖强调，上海致力于通过教育促进国际理解。短语commitment to表示“致力于……”。故填to。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这个夏令营旨在搭建一座桥梁，连接上海和世界各地的年轻人，培养相互欣赏和跨文化交流。”connect与bridge构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。 24．考查时态。句意：普陀区副区长王珏对国际学生表示热烈欢迎，并表示希望他们的城市探索能够为中国的可持续发展倡议提供见解，培养全球责任感。结合上文可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填extended。 25．考查介词。句意：普陀区副区长王珏对国际学生表示热烈欢迎，并表示希望他们的城市探索能够为中国的可持续发展倡议提供见解，培养全球责任感。短语provide insights into表示“提供对……的深入了解”。故填into。 26．考查名词。句意：普陀区副区长王珏对国际学生表示热烈欢迎，并表示希望他们的城市探索能够为中国的可持续发展倡议提供见解，培养全球责任感。作介词的宾语，应用名词responsibility。故填responsibility。 27．考查介词。句意：仪式开始前，营员们体验了由普陀区10所学校安排的非物质文化遗产展演，展示了中国传统的竹编、剪纸、风筝制作和绳艺。此处表示“由，被”应用介词by。故填by。 28．考查定语从句。句意：最精彩的节目是中国学生的中国鼓和舞狮表演，吸引了外国营员，他们热情地参加了庆祝活动。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Highlights，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 29．考查副词。句意：最精彩的节目是中国学生的中国鼓和舞狮表演，吸引了外国营员，他们热情地参加了庆祝活动。修饰动词join应用副词enthusiastically，故填enthusiastically。 30．考查介词。句意：夏令营的项目包括传统文化工作坊、参观上海地标、参观博物馆、与当地家庭的日常生活体验、城市设计活动和青年论坛。短语visit to表示“参观”。故填to。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” 31 means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his 32 (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the 33 (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can 34 (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an 35 (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it 36 (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, 37 number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ, a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their 38 (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many 39 (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their 40 (willing) to come to China. 【答案】 31．which 32．videos 33．meaning 34．simply 35．attraction 36．has applied 37．the 38．astonishment 39．netizens 40．willingness 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。本文介绍了流行语“city不city”的起源、传播及其在社交媒体上的影响，特别是与旅游相关的社会现象，包括签证政策、外国游客的增长数据，以及网络视频博主的案例。 31．考查副词。句意：“city 不 (bu) city”这一流行语上周在社交媒体上迅速走红，意思是“城市还是不是城市”。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,”，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 32．考查名词的数。句意：这个流行语是由TikTok博主@baobaoxiong创造的，他使用这个流行语的视频在TikTok和抖音上已经获得了数百万的观看量。设空处作主语，根据后文的have可知，此处应填video“视频”的复数形式videos。故填videos。 33．考查名词。句意：周六，@baobaoxiong发布了一个视频解释这个短语的含义。本空用meaning“含义”，作explaining的宾语，特指这个短语的含义，用单数形式。故填meaning。 34．考查副词。句意：他说，“城市”可以简单地指非常“城市化”的东西，比如时尚，但最重要的是，它是一种充满活力或令人兴奋的感觉。本空用副词simply“简单地”，修饰动词mean，作状语。故填simply。 35．考查名词。句意：随着夏季旅游旺季的到来，许多人在社交媒体上开始用“city不city”来表达他们对一个新地方的感受，这成为了吸引外国游客来中国的亮点。本空用attraction“吸引力，亮点”，作宾语，前面有an，故用单数形式。故填attraction。 36．考查时态。句意：自从去年11月中国宣布实施72/144小时过境免签政策以来，该政策已适用于54个国家，吸引了数百万外国人来探索中国的“城市”。apply to“适用于”。根据since引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，主语it为第三人称单数，因此助动词用has。故填has applied。 37．考查定冠词。句意：据国家移民管理局统计，今年第一季度来华外国人数量增长了三倍。the number of表示“……的数量”，固定搭配。故填the。 38．考查名词。句意：TikTok博主@PASSPORT VISIONZ和她的丈夫来到中国，拍摄了一系列视频，记录下他们看到“城市”中国时的惊讶之情，这些视频在TikTok上的浏览量已超过700万，成为他们观看次数最多的视频。本空用名词astonishment“惊讶”，作recording的宾语。故填astonishment。 39．考查名词的数。句意：许多看到这些视频的网民表达了他们对中国现在多么“城市化”的惊叹，以及他们来中国的意愿。根据空后的their可知，网民不止一个，本空用netizen“网民”的复数形式netizens。故填netizens。 40．考查名词。句意同上。本空用名词willingness“意愿”，作expressed的宾语。故填willingness。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new large amphibious aircraft — 41 biggest in the world — has gone into batch production and final assembly, state news agency Xinhua reported. The plane, known 42 the AG600, is designed for maritime patrols and search and rescue operations. From the southern island province of Hainan, it could reach any location in the South China Sea within four hours and it could be used for cargo or passenger transport between islands, according to state media. Its 43 (develop), the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), told Xinhua on Tuesday that the front assembly for the first batch-produced AG600 44 (deliver) on June 30. It said the delivery of the plane’s front section — which took three months 45 (make) — marked the start of batch production of the aircraft. Final assembly of the amphibious plane will 46 (do) in the southern city of Zhuhai, in Guangdong province, by AVIC subsidiary AVIC General Huanan Aircraft Industry Co, Xinhua reported. The AG600 was developed to meet 47 (grow) demand for an emergency rescue aircraft 48 could be used in maritime searches. Work started on the plane in 2014, with maiden flights 49 (conduct) over land in 2017 and at sea in 2020, according to state media reports. Airworthiness tests began this year. China is trying to develop 50 (many) home-grown aircraft — like the AG600, the Y-20 large transport plane and the C919 single-aisle passenger jet — under a government plan to upgrade production equipment across industries through 2027. 【答案】 41．the 42．as 43．developer 44．was delivered 45．to make 46．be done 47．growing 48．that/which 49．conducted 50．more 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国新型大型水陆两栖飞机，即世界上最大的水陆两栖飞机，已进入批量生产和总装阶段。 41．考查冠词。句意：据新华社报道，中国新型大型水陆两栖飞机，即世界上最大的水陆两栖飞机，已进入批量生产和总装阶段。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the，故填the。 42．考查介词。句意：这架飞机名为 AG600，专为海上巡逻和搜救行动而设计。此处指该飞机被称为AG600，(be) known as意为“被称为……；被认为是……；以……著称”，为固定表达，故填as。 43．考查名词。句意：其开发商中国航空工业集团公司周二向新华社透露，首批生产的AG600前部组件已于6月30日交付。根据句意可知，此处表“开发者；开发商”，应用名词developer作主语，此处表示一个开发商，应用单数，故填developer。 44．考查时态语态。句意：其开发商中国航空工业集团公司周二向新华社透露，首批生产的AG600前部组件已于6月30日交付。本空是that引导的宾语从句的谓语，因讲述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，又因句子主语和所给的动词deliver之间是被动关系，故填一般过去时的被动语态。主语assembly是不可数名词，be动词应用was，故填was delivered。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司表示，这架飞机前部的制造耗时三个月，其交付标志着该飞机批量生产的开始。此处是固定表达sth. takes some time to do，表示某事需要一定的时间来完成或实现，故填to make。 46．考查时态和语态。句意：据新华社报道，水陆两栖飞机的总装将由中航工业旗下的中航通用华南飞机工业有限公司在广东省南部城市珠海完成。本空在句中作谓语，因句子主语Final assembly和动词do之间是被动关系，故填be done，和句中的will构成一般将来时的被动语态，故填be done。 47．考查形容词。句意：AG600 的开发是为了满足日益增长的海上搜索紧急救援飞机的需求。本空在句中作定语，修饰demand，使用形容词growing“增长的；增加的”，故填growing。 48．考查定语从句关系词。句意：AG600 的开发是为了满足日益增长的海上搜索紧急救援飞机的需求。本句是一个限制性定语从句，先行词emergency rescue aircraft指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 49．考查非谓语动词。句意：据官方媒体报道，该飞机于 2014 年开始研制，2017 年进行了陆上首飞，2020 年进行了海上首飞。此处是with的复合结构，因动词conduct和with的宾语maiden flights之间是被动关系，故填过去分词作宾语补足语。故填conducted。 50．考查形容词比较级。句意：根据政府到2027年升级各行业生产设备的计划，中国正试图研发更多国产飞机，如AG600、Y-20大型运输机和C919单通道客机。本空在句中作定语，修饰home-grown aircraft，表示更多的，故填many的比较级more。故填more。 （2024高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China to launch pioneer cities for large-scale use of BeiDou satellite navigation China is preparing to support the large-scale application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), according to a recent announcement 51 (issue) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The ministry plans to designate several pilot cities to demonstrate the application of BeiDou in mass consumption, manufacturing and emerging sectors such as industrial internet and artificial intelligence (AI). The large-scale application of Beidou has now entered a critical stage of marketization, industrialization and internationalization. 52 (enable) the BDS to empower industries, China will cultivate leading enterprises, improve product quality and build a robust industrial ecosystem, according to the announcement. The announcement outlines that the pilot projects will focus on three areas, namely mass consumption, manufacturing and integrated 53 (innovate). In the field of mass consumption, pilot cities will focus on areas such as smartphones, 54 (wear) devices, tablets, shared travel tools and low-altitude drones. Enterprises 55 (encourage) to develop and manufacture BeiDou-enabled devices, thereby 56 (improve) the supply of products. In the field of industrial manufacturing, pilot cities will accelerate the application of BeiDou in key areas 57 automobiles, ships, aircraft and robots, the announcement says. Local governments have been urged to encourage 58 construction of platforms related to the internet of vehicles and intelligent networks and expand the proportion of commercial and passenger vehicles 59 are equipped with BDS. All these measures are expected to 60 (deep) integrate the BDS with new scenarios such as smart cities, intelligent transportation, smart logistics, smart maritime and precision agriculture, the announcement says. 【答案】 51．issued 52．To enable 53．innovation 54．wearable 55．will be encouraged 56．improving 57．like 58．the 59．that/which 60．deeply 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国计划通过试点城市推广北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）的应用，以促进产业创新和产品供应，加速其市场化、产业化和国际化进程。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据工业和信息化部最近发布的公告，中国正准备支持北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）的大规模应用。issue在句子里充当非谓语，和逻辑主语announcement 呈被动关系，应该使用过去分词作定语。故填issued。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据公告，为了使北斗卫星导航系统赋能产业，中国将培养领军企业，提高产品质量，构建强大的产业生态系统。enable 表示使能够，此处用不定式作目的状语，还要注意首字母大写。故填To enable。 53．考查名词。句意：该公告概述了试点项目将专注于三个领域，即大众消费、制造业和集成创新。innovate是动词，前面有形容词integrated修饰，且与名词consumption, manufacturing并列，应该用名词形式innovation。故填innovation。 54．考查形容词。句意：在大众消费领域，试点城市将关注智能手机、可穿戴设备、平板电脑、共享出行工具和低空无人机等领域。wear是动词，后面有device（设备），说明此处需要形容词形式作定语，修饰 devices。故填wearable。 55．考查将来时态的被动语态。句意：企业将被鼓励开发和制造支持北斗的设备，从而提高产品的供应。encourage表示鼓励，此处用将来时态的被动语态表示企业将来会被鼓励做某事，根据上一句的谓语will focus判断，这里的动作还未发生，应该使用一般将来时。故填will be encouraged。 56．考查现在分词。句意：企业将被鼓励开发和制造支持北斗的设备，从而提高产品的供应。句子里已经存在谓语encourage，所以improve需要作非谓语，和逻辑主语之间呈主动关系，应该使用现在分词作状语。故填improving。 57．考查介词。句意：公告称，在工业制造领域，试点城市将加速北斗在汽车、船舶、飞机和机器人等关键领域的应用。用来列举用介词like，like在此用作介词，表示像……一样。故填like。 58．考查冠词。句意：地方政府已被敦促鼓励与车联网和智能网络相关的平台建设，并扩大配备BDS的商用和乘用车辆的比例。construction为可数名词，此处特指相关的平台建设，需用定冠词。故填the。 59．考查定语从句。句意：地方政府已被敦促鼓励与车联网和智能网络相关的平台建设，并扩大配备BDS的商用和乘用车辆的比例。这里是定语从句，先行词是vehicles，关系词在从句中充当主语，用that或which。故填that/which。 60．考查副词。句意：公告称，所有这些措施预计将使BDS与智能城市、智能交通、智能物流、智能海事和精准农业等新场景深度整合。deep是形容词，此处需要副词形式来修饰动词integrate。故填deeply。 （2025·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched its complex and ambitious Chang’e-6 mission Friday to collect the first ever samples from the far side of the moon. A 57-meter-tall Long March 5 lifted off from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center at 5:30 a.m. Eastern (0930 UTC) May 3, carrying the 61 8,200-kilogram Chang’e-6 into orbit. A first second stage burn was completed 12 minutes 62 launch, with a trans-lunar injection (跨月轨道) burn set for around 14 minutes later. Spacecraft 63 (separate) is scheduled for around 37 minutes into flight. If successful, samples 64 (deliver) by the 53-day-long mission could change our understanding of the Earth and the history of the early solar system. Chang’e-6 is a four-module spacecraft. Its orbiter (人造卫星) will put the mission in lunar orbit, after 65 a lander will detach to land in the Apollo crater on the moon’s far side. As the far side of the moon is never visible to Earth, due to our planet slowing the moon’s rotation 66   leaving it tidally locked — in a way that relates to the the rise and fall of the sea, a relay satellite is needed for communication between Earth and the moon’s hidden side. For this, China 67 (launch) Queqiao-2 in March into a specialized lunar orbit. After landing, the spacecraft will use a drill and scoop to gather 2,000 grams of lunar material, reaching down two meters. These samples will 68 (load) into an ascent vehicle that will return to lunar orbit and perform 69 complex, delicate docking (对接) with the orbiter. From here, the samples are sent to a reentry capsule. The orbiter will prepare for the return to Earth. The reentry capsule will be released just prior 70 reaching Earth and will first skip off the planet’s atmosphere. This will help it slow it down before landing in Inner Mongolia. 【答案】 61．roughly 62．after 63．separation 64．delivered/to be delivered 65．which 66．and 67．launched 68．be loaded 69．a 70．to 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国成功发射嫦娥六号月球探测器，执行首次从月球背面采集样本的复杂而雄心勃勃的任务，并详细描述了发射过程、任务目标、飞船构造以及返回地球的计划。 61．考查副词。句意：东部时间5月3日上午5点30分（世界标准时间9点30分），一枚57米高的长征五号火箭在文昌航天发射中心发射升空，将重约8200公斤的嫦娥六号送入轨道。空格处用副词作状语，rough的副词是roughly，意为“大约”。故填roughly。 62．考查介词。句意：二级火箭的首次点火燃烧在发射后12分钟完成，跨月注入燃烧在发射后约14分钟完成。根据语境可知，句子表示“二级火箭的首次点火燃烧在发射后12分钟完成”，空格处意为“在……之后”，用介词after。故填after。 63．考查名词。句意：飞船分离计划在飞行后37分钟左右进行。空格处用名词作主语，separate的名词是separation，意为“分离”，是不可数名词，故填separation。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果成功的话，这次53天的任务所带来的样本可能会改变我们对地球和早期太阳系历史的认识。句中谓语是could change，空格处用非谓语动词，samples和deliver之间是逻辑上的被动关系，既可以用过去分词表被动，也可以用不定式的被动形式表将来的动作，因此空格处用delivered/to be delivered作后置定语，故填delivered/to be delivered。 65．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：它的轨道飞行器将把任务送入月球轨道，之后一个着陆器将分离，降落在月球背面的阿波罗陨石坑。空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，设空处指代主句阐述的内容，作after宾语，用关系代词。故填which。 66．考查连词。句意：由于地球减缓了月球的自转速度，使月球处于潮汐锁定状态（这与海平面的涨落有关），地球永远看不到月球的背面，因此需要一颗中继卫星来实现地球和月球背面之间的通信。slowing the moon’s rotation和leaving之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 67．考查时态。句意：为此，中国于今年3月将鹊桥2号发射到一个专门的月球轨道上。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填launched。 68．考查被动语态。句意：这些样本将被装载到一个上升飞行器中，该飞行器将返回月球轨道，并与轨道飞行器进行复杂而精细的对接。These samples与动词laod之间为被动关系，结合空前will可知，句子用一般将来时的被动语态，空前有will，空格处用be done，故填be loaded。 69．考查冠词。句意：这些样本将被装载到一个上升飞行器中，该飞行器将返回月球轨道，并与轨道飞行器进行复杂而精细的对接。docking是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，complex是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 70．考查介词。句意：返回舱将在抵达地球之前释放，并将首先反弹入地球大气层。prior to是固定短语，意为“在……之前”，因此空格处是to，故填to。 （24-25高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is promoting the commercial 71 (apply) of intelligent connected vehicles. As of now, the country 72 (establish) 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg predicted in April 73 Elon Musk would like to test its fully automated driving technology in China, because China’s artificial intelligence driven autonomous vehicle market “shows great prospects”. According to the forecast 74 (release) by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period, accelerating the large-scale application of Level 4 autonomous driving, with Level 6 being the highest, 75 (be) of great significance in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 76 , there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving. The report urges 77 (provide) safety guarantees for autonomous driving and integrating it 78 the transportation system; It added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research, testing, and operation should be established. In addition, 79 advocates for innovative policies and regulations to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 80 inclusive and positive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services. 【答案】 71．application 72．has established 73．that 74．released 75．is 76．However 77．providing 78．into 79．it 80．an 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国在无人机驾驶汽车方面的成就，并且政府在完善相关问题。 71．考查名词。句意：中国正在推动智能网联汽车的商业应用。空格处需要填入promoting的宾语，因此需要填入名词，apply的名词为application，意为“申请”为不可数名词。故填application。 72．考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：截至目前，全国已建成7个车联网试验区和17个国家级智能网联汽车试验示范基地。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词，句子的时间状语为“As of now”，所以需要用现在完成时，主语为“the country”为单数，所以助动词用has。故填has established。 73．考查宾语从句。句意：彭博社今年4月预测，埃隆·马斯克希望在中国测试其全自动驾驶技术，因为中国人工智能驱动的自动驾驶汽车市场“显示出巨大的前景”。分析句子结构可知，空格处以及后面为predict的宾语从句，从句中句子成分完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国信息通信研究院在WIC期间发布的预测，加速以Level 6级别最高的Level 4自动驾驶的大规模应用，对于引领汽车产业发展，建立新的国家竞争优势具有重要意义。According to为介词短语，其后接名词或者代词，不接句子，所以本空需要填入非谓语动词；逻辑主语the forecast与release之间为被动关系，所以需要用过去分词表示被动。故填released。 75．考查一般现在时与主谓一致。句意：根据中国信息通信研究院在WIC期间发布的预测，加速以Level 6级别最高的Level 4自动驾驶的大规模应用，对于引领汽车产业发展，建立新的国家竞争优势具有重要意义。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词，本句中为描述现在的事情，所以需要用一般现在时；句子的主语为“accelerating the large-scale application of Level 4 autonomous driving”动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填is。 76．考查副词。句意：然而，自动驾驶仍有许多挑战需要克服。前句与后句之间为转折关系，且此处位于句子的开头，句号与后面的句子隔开，所以用however。故填However。 77．考查动名词。句意：报告敦促为自动驾驶提供安全保障，并将其整合到交通系统中;它补充说，应该扩大无人驾驶的使用，并建立一个用于研究、测试和运营的商业闭环。urge doing sth.，为敦促做某事。故填providing。 78．考查介词。句意：报告敦促为自动驾驶提供安全保障，并将其整合到交通系统中;它补充说，应该扩大无人驾驶的使用，并建立一个用于研究、测试和运营的商业闭环。integrate sth. into sth.为固定搭配，意为“把……整合到……”。故填into。 79．考查代词。句意：此外，它主张创新政策法规，确保自动驾驶的法律保护，建立包容和积极的社会环境，加快自动驾驶服务的商业化运营。空格处需要填入主语，且本空指的是前面提到的report的单数形式，所以用it代替。故填it。 80．考查冠词。句意：此外，它主张创新政策法规，确保自动驾驶的法律保护，建立包容和积极的社会环境，加快自动驾驶服务的商业化运营。本空修饰名词environment，表示泛指，且后面inclusive的发音以元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。 （23-24高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, shared vegetable plots 81 (find) in the city’s suburban (郊区的) districts in Shanghai as more white-collar workers turn to farming 82 (escape) the pressures of city life. Yang Hui is one of them. He has rented a 20-square-meter vegetable plot for 1600 yuan per year. The family tends radishes (白萝卜), lettuces and other vegetables they have planted. When they aren’t around during the week, 83 (professional) take over the work. 84 (found) by Chen Yougui 85 October 2022, the shared farm spans about 13.33 hectares (公顷) and comes with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits and leisure areas. According to Chen, the monitoring system covers 86 entire farmland, allowing members to view their vegetables and fields remotely through their phones. This farm has about 200 members, some of 87 even raise chickens and ducks running in the fields. Interestingly, each animal comes with its own QR code (二维码). The farm also uses technology to ensure that the chickens and ducks don’t go missing 88 run in someone else’s plot. Those who wish to 89 (active) participate in the cultivation (种植) of their crops, mainly from the older generations, can opt (选择) for the package to plant by 90 (they). Meanwhile young customers, like Yang, usually choose a package that comes with additional services from the farm to care for their plants whenever needed. 【答案】 81． have been found 82．to escape 83．professionals 84．Founded 85．in 86．the 87．whom 88．or 89．actively 90．themselves 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了近年来在上海市郊区出现的共享菜园现象，城市居民在城市郊区租用共享菜园进行种植活动，以缓解城市生活的压力。 81．考查时态和语态。句意：近年来，随着越来越多的白领转向务农以逃避城市生活的压力，上海郊区出现了共享菜地。根据“In recent years”，谓语动词使用现在完成时。主语shared vegetable plots为复数意义，并且承受find的动作，因此find应该变为现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been found。 82．考查动词不定式。句意：近年来，随着越来越多的白领转向务农以逃避城市生活的压力，上海郊区出现了共享菜地。空格处及之后表示“目的”，因此使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to escape。 83．考查名词。句意：当他们不在身边的时候，专业人士会接手工作。professional为可数名词，应该使用复数形式，故填professionals。 84．考查过去分词。句意：该共享农场由陈友贵于2022年10月创立，占地约13.33公顷，包括共享菜地、烧烤场和休闲区。分析句子结构可知，found在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，句子主语the shared farm承受found的动作，因此使用过去分词作状语，空格位于句首，故填Founded。 85．考查介词。句意：该共享农场由陈友贵于2022年10月创立，占地约13.33公顷，包括共享菜地、烧烤场和休闲区。在某个月份使用介词in，故填in。 86．考查冠词。句意：据陈说，监控系统覆盖了整个农田，允许会员通过手机远程查看他们的蔬菜和田地。前文提到了“the shared farm”，因此此处为特指意义，应该使用定冠词，故填the。 87．考查定语从句。句意：这个农场有大约200名成员，其中一些人甚至在田地里饲养鸡和鸭。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，200 members是先行词，它在从句中作of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom引导定语从句，故填whom。 88．考查连词。句意：农场还使用技术来确保鸡鸭不会失踪或跑到别人的农场。此处应该填入连词，需要的词义为“或”，故填or。 89．考查反身代词。句意：那些希望积极参与作物种植的人，主要来自老一辈，可以自己选择种植的包装。使用副词作状语修饰动词participate，需要的词义为“积极地”，故填actively。 90．考查反身代词。句意：那些希望积极参与作物种植的人，主要来自老一辈，可以自己选择种植的包装。固定搭配by oneself意为“靠某人自己”，故填themselves。 （23-24高二下·浙江·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the mid-19th century, the world 91 (destroy) by cholera, a disease that killed thousands. In London, the epidemic (流行病) was particularly severe, with bodies piling up and fear running wild. In this chaos, a man name d John Snow rose 92   (challenge) the invisible enemy. John Snow, 93 medical doctor, had a keen interest in finding the source of cholera. He was not convinced by the then-common belief   94 cholera was spread through bad air. His suspicions were aroused 95 he noticed that most cases were concentrated around a single water pump in Soho. He investigated deeper, mapping the pumps and 96   (associate) them with cholera cases. With detailed observation and courageous experimentation, John Snow identified the polluted water 97 the “criminal” behind the epidemic. He convinced authorities to remove the handle of the pump, 98 (effective) stopping the spread of cholera. His actions saved 99   (count) lives and marked a significant turning point in public health history. John Snow’s lasting impact serves as a 100 (remind) of the strength of observation, logical reasoning, and decisive action in the face of challenges. 【答案】 91．was destroyed 92．to challenge 93．a 94．that 95．when/after 96．associating 97．as 98．effectively 99．countless 100．reminder 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了19世纪中叶，伦敦爆发严重霍乱疫情时，医学家约翰·斯诺如何通过细致观察和勇敢的实验，确定污染的水为霍乱的“罪魁祸首”，并通过说服当局采取行动，有效阻止了霍乱的传播，拯救了无数生命。 91．考查时态和语态。句意：19世纪中叶，世界被霍乱摧毁，数千人死于霍乱。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“In the mid-19th century”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the world”，单数，和动词“destroy”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was destroyed。 92．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一片混乱中，一个名叫约翰·斯诺的人站起来挑战看不见的敌人。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to challenge。 93．考查冠词。句意：约翰·斯诺是一名医生，他对寻找霍乱的源头有着浓厚的兴趣。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰。medical首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 94．考查同位语从句。句意：他不相信当时普遍认为的霍乱是通过恶劣的空气传播的。这里为同位语从句的引导词，同位语从句中不缺少成分，用that连接。故填that。 95．考查状语从句。句意：当他注意到大多数案件都集中在Soho区的一个水泵附近时/后，他的怀疑就产生了。这里为状语从句的引导词，根据句意可知，可以指的是“当……时”，用连词when引导；也可以指的是“在……之后”，用连词“after”引导。故填when或after。 96．考查非谓语动词。句意：他进行了更深入的调查，绘制了这些泵的分布图，并将它们与霍乱病例联系起来。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“he”和动词“associate”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填associating。 97．考查固定搭配。句意：通过详细的观察和大胆的实验，约翰·斯诺认定受污染的水是疫情背后的“罪犯”。固定搭配：identify…as…，意为“将……视作”，符合句意。故填as。 98．考查副词。句意：他说服当局拆除了水泵的把手，有效地阻止了霍乱的传播。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词修饰动词“stop”，意为“有效地”。故填effectively。 99．考查形容词。句意：他的行动挽救了无数人的生命，标志着公共卫生史上的一个重大转折点。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词“lives”，意为“无数的”。故填countless。 100．考查名词。句意：约翰·斯诺的深远影响提醒我们，在面对挑战时，观察、逻辑推理和果断行动的力量。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，意为“提醒”作宾语。故填reminder。 （23-24高三下·湖南邵阳·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This Is Life, a documentary film, is set to grace the nation’s big screens on Jan. 13. The film features more than 800 short videos 101 (shoot) by 509 ordinary people from all 102 (walk) of life, especially manual laborers and farmers. The videos 103 (select) by the production crew over the course of a year from 104 total of more than 50,000 video clips (片段). By gathering the short video footage, the film engages ordinary people in its creation and presents their authentic life experience, 105 (allow) those who are often inadequately represented in mainstream cinemas to take center stage. According to the film’s director Sun Hong, by gathering, selecting 106 compiling (编辑) video clips from a vast database, the film presents how people record their own lives, which possesses a power of authenticity even 107 (great) than traditional documentaries. In the film, the audience will see construction workers working out on the construction site during their spare time, fishermen talking to their cormorants and teasing their greediness for fish, or boatmen celebrating a rare day 108 they could use tap water. “It is our creative effort, as documentary filmmakers, 109 (present) an authentic facet of China, highlighting how each individual establishes themselves in a 110 (rapid) developing society,” says Sun. 【答案】 101．shot 102．walks 103．were selected 104．a 105．allowing 106．and 107．greater 108．when 109．to present 110．rapidly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由短视频素材剪辑而成的纪录片《烟火人间》，包括其呈现的主题、创作的过程、创作的意图、特定的场景等信息。 101．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影包含了509个来自各行各业的普通人拍摄的800多个短视频，尤其是体力劳动者和农民。分析句子可知，空处作videos的后置定语，是非谓语动词，shoot“拍摄”和videos逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用shoot的过去分词形式。故填shot。 102．考查名词的数。句意：这部电影包含了509个来自各行各业的普通人拍摄的800多个短视频，尤其是体力劳动者和农民。根据空前的“all”可知，此处指“各行各业”，walk需用复数形式。故填walks。 103．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些视频是制作团队在一年多的时间里从总计5万多段视频片段中挑选出来的。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语over the course of a year可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，select“挑选”和主语The videos之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。故填were selected。 104．考查固定短语。句意：这些视频是制作团队在一年多的时间里从总计5万多段视频片段中挑选出来的。根据“total of more than 50,000 video clips”可知，此处用固定短语a total of表示“总共，总计”，用于引出总数。故填a。 105．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过收集短视频片段，电影让普通人参与创作，呈现他们真实的生活体验，让那些在主流影院中往往得不到充分体现的人走上舞台中心。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用allow的现在分词形式。故填allowing。 106．考查连词。句意：据该片导演孙虹介绍，通过从庞大的数据库中收集、选择和编辑视频片段，这部电影呈现了人们如何记录自己的生活，这比传统纪录片具有更大的真实性。分析句子可知，空处连接动名词gathering、selecting和compiling，三者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 107．考查形容词比较级。句意：据该片导演孙虹介绍，通过从庞大的数据库中收集、选择和编辑视频片段，这部电影呈现了人们如何记录自己的生活，这比传统纪录片具有更大的真实性。根据空后的“than”可知，此处是在作比较，空处应用great的比较级形式。故填greater。 108．考查定语从句。句意：在影片中，观众将看到建筑工人在业余时间在建筑工地锻炼，渔民与鸬鹚交谈，嘲笑它们对鱼的贪婪，或者船夫庆祝他们难得可以使用自来水的日子。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词day，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的时间，作时间状语，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。 109．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这是我们作为纪录片制片人的创造性努力，以呈现中国真实的一面，突出每个人如何在快速发展的社会中立足，”孙说。名词effort后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的努力”。故填to present。 110．考查副词。句意：“这是我们作为纪录片制片人的创造性努力，以呈现中国真实的一面，突出每个人如何在快速发展的社会中立足，”孙说。分析句子可知，空处修饰developing，rapid的副词形式rapidly符合题意，意为“快速地”。故填rapidly。 （23-24高三下·青海海南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The concept of “gap days” 111 (appear) on a variety of social media platforms recently. Unlike a gap year, a gap day means an 112 (extreme) brief period of relaxation and escape from everyday routine. After resting, people will continue to devote 113 (they) to the busy pace of normal life. Apart from “gap days”, other similar expressions have made 114 hit on the Internet, such as “city walk”, “da zi (activity partner)” and so on. This growing trend of creating new phrases or euphemisms (委婉语) for something otherwise ordinary and common has caused 115 (heat) discussion. Some people think that these kinds of new phrases better cater to (迎合) people’s mindsets, 116 (show) their optimism. For example, the common expression “taking a walk” is neutral (中性的). But “city walk” 117 (be) the positive version of it, meaning “to explore the city with a curious mind”. Others disagree, however, and think that it’s simply just a kind of “sugaring up”, satisfying one’s need for showing off. For example, “city walk” is the same as “taking a walk” 118 general. But by calling it a “city walk”, people feel like they are doing something fancier than it actually is. But no matter how we think of these phrases, they have taken root in our daily lives and have already gained wide 119 (recognize) among the younger generation. So 120 we need to do is not make them out to be bigger than they actually are. 【答案】 111．appeared/has appeared 112．extremely 113．themselves 114．a 115．heated 116．showing 117．is 118．in 119．recognition 120．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“间隔日”的概念以及其他一些流行短语。 111．考查时态。句意：“间隔日”的概念最近出现在各种社交媒体平台上。根据句意及recently的提示可知，此处应该用一般过去时或现在完成时，主语为The concept of “gap days”，助动词用has。故填appeared/has appeared。 112．考查副词。句意：与间隔年不同的是，间隔日意味着一段极短的放松时间，可以逃离日常的例行公事。本空后的brief是形容词，要用副词extremely。故填extremely。 113．考查代词。句意：休息之后，人们会继续投入到正常生活的忙碌节奏中。devote oneself to是常见用法，意为“献身于，致力于”。故填themselves。 114．考查冠词。句意：除了“间隔日”，其他类似的表达也在网络上走红，比如“城市漫步”、“搭伙儿”等。句中的hit是可数名词，意为“风行一时的事物”，所以此处填a。故填a。 115．考查形容词。句意：这种为普通事物创造新短语或委婉语的趋势日益增长，引发了激烈的讨论。修饰名词discussion应用形容词heated。故填heated。 116．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人认为这类新短语更好地迎合了人们的心态，表现了他们的乐观。例如，常用的表达“散步”是中性的。分析句子结构可知，show和these kinds of new phrases构成了逻辑上的主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词作伴随状语。故填showing。 117．考查主谓一致。句意：但“城市漫步”是它的积极版本，意思是“带着好奇的心探索城市”。本句主语city walk是个名词短语，且这里讲述的是现在的事实，为一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is。 118．考查介词。句意：例如，“city walk”和一般的“taking a walk”是一样的。in general是常见短语，意为“大体上”。故填in。 119．考查名词。句意：但无论我们如何看待这些短语，它们已经在我们的日常生活中扎根，并且已经在年轻一代中得到了广泛的认可。作动词的宾语应用名词recognition，意为“认识，认可”。故填recognition。 120．考查主语从句。句意：所以我们要做的不是让它们比实际大。引导主语从句，从句中do后面缺少了宾语，因此此处要用what来引导这个主语从句。故填what。 （24-25高三·河北保定·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At SIAL Shanghai, a major international food and beverage exhibition launched on May 18. Mario Garcia, a cheese supplier from Spain, 121 (surround) by visitors inquiring about his products. Some of them surprised him with their knowledge about cheese 122 his country. “As many Chinese have made trips to Spain, they have a better understanding of my country’s cuisine, including 123 (we) cheese,” he says. Garcia’s company specializes in producing cheese of different ages and flavors, and 124 (do) business in China for about seven years. He says, participation in 125 (event) like SIAL can help him better reach potential customers and help them understand different cheeses and ways of enjoying them — 126 (particular) those with strong flavors unusual in Chinese cuisine. “Our importers here have been hosting cheese tastings and offering 127 (variety) recipes for our Chinese customers to learn how to use cheese, not just with bread and wine, but also how to cook with it,” he says. Over the years, Garcia has found that Chinese customers have developed a fondness for European products, 128 benefits his business. “They will learn about it and appreciate it once they find 129 new or strong flavor,” he says, adding that he is optimistic about the future of his business in China. At the event, the Swedish Trade and Invest Council also displayed the country’s distinctive products, 130 (range) from ice cream to plant-based drinks, wine and fruit jams. 【答案】 121．was surrounded 122．from 123．our 124．has done/has been doing 125．events 126．particularly 127．various 128．which 129．a 130．ranging 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了上海国际食品和饮料博览会，以及西班牙奶酪供应商和瑞典贸易和投资委员会展示的产品。 121．考查时态和语态。句意：来自西班牙的奶酪供应商Mario Garcia被询问他产品的参观者包围。根据上下文可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，surround与主语Mario Garcia之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，Mario Garcia作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was surrounded. 122．考查介词。句意：其中一些人对他的国家的奶酪有着更好的了解，这让他感到惊讶。此处是指“来自他的国家的奶酪”，应用介词from“来自”。故填from。 123．考查代词。句意：他说：“由于许多中国人到过西班牙，他们对我国的美食有了更好的了解，包括我们的奶酪。”此处是指“我们的奶酪”，应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词 cheese。故填our。 124．考查动词时态。句意：Garcia的公司专门生产不同年代和口味的奶酪，在中国做生意已经有七年了。设空处作谓语动词，根据时间状语“for about seven years”以及句意可知此处可用现在完成时，表示在中国做生意已经有七年了，也可用现在完成进行时，表示在中国做生意已经有七年了而且还将继续；Garcia’s company作主语，助动词用has，故填has done/has been doing。 125．考查名词复数。句意：他说，参加像SIAL这样的活动可以帮助他更好地接触潜在客户，帮助他们了解不同的奶酪和享受奶酪的方式，尤其是那些在中国菜中不常见的强烈口味的奶酪。event是可数名词，根据后面的like可知，此处表复数概念，应用名词复数形式events。故填events. 126．考查副词。句意：他说，参加像SIAL这样的活动可以帮助他更好地接触潜在客户，帮助他们了解不同的奶酪和享受奶酪的方式，尤其是那些在中国菜中不常见的强烈口味的奶酪。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词particularly“特别是，尤其是”。故填 particularly。 127．考查形容词。句意：我们这里的进口商一直在举办奶酪品酒会，并提供各种各样的食谱，让我们的中国客户学习如何使用奶酪，不仅仅是与面包和葡萄酒搭配，还有如何用它做饭。此处是指“各种各样的食谱”，设空处应用形容词修饰名词recipes。故填various。 128．考查定语从句。句意：多年来，Garcia发现中国客户对欧洲产品产生了喜爱，这使他的生意受益。设空处引导非限定性定语从句，设空处指代主句陈述的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 129．考查冠词。句意：他说：“一旦他们发现新的或强烈的味道，他们就会学习并欣赏它。”此处flavor是泛指，应用不定冠词，且new起始音是辅音音素，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 130．考查现在分词。句意：在此次活动中，瑞典贸易和投资委员会还展示了该国独特的产品，从冰淇淋到植物饮料、葡萄酒和水果酱。句子分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，range和products之间是逻辑上的主动关系，设空处应填现在分词ranging作后置定语。故填ranging。 （24-25高三·四川雅安·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province    131 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 132 (release) report on the park’s development. The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 133 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 134 (respective), according to the report. 135 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia”. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 136 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters. According to Losang Tsering, 137 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 138 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows. The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 139 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves 140 an alpine biological germplasm bank, making it a crucial ecological security barrier in China. 【答案】 131．has continued 132．released 133．and 134．respectively 135．Located 136．was listed 137．who 138．focusing 139．representative 140．as 【导语】 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了三江源国家公园及其生态作用。 131．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据最新发布的一份关于中国西北部青海省三江源国家公园发展的报告，自2021年成立以来，三江源国家公园的生态环境持续改善，节水能力每年增长6%以上。根据下文的时间状语“since the establishment of the national park in 2021”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“The ecological environment”表示单数意义，故填has continued。 132．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。release和report构成了逻辑上的被动关系，因此此处要用过去分词作定语。故填released。 133．考查连词。句意：该报告称，该公园每年向下游输送超过600亿立方米的优质淡水，公园的草地覆盖率和产草量分别增长了11%和30%以上。结合句意可知，本空前后句是并列关系，所以此处填and。故填and。 134．考查副词。句意同上。空处作状语，应用副词形式，respectively是respective的副词形式，意为“分别，各自”。故填respectively。 135．考查非谓语动词。句意：三江源地区位于青藏高原，是长江、黄河、澜沧江的源头，被誉为“亚洲水塔”。locate与逻辑主语“the Sanjiangyuan region”之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Located。 136．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2021年，三江源国家公园与其他四个国家公园一起被列为中国首批国家公园。动词list和主语“the Sanjiangyu an National Park”构成了逻辑上的被动关系，再根据时间状语“In 2021”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was listed。 137．考查定语从句。句意：据三江源国家公园管理局的工程师Losang Tsering介绍，该公园多年来一直把生态恢复放在首位，重点关注冰川、雪山、高海拔草原和草甸等生态系统。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Losang Tsering指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 138．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。focus和逻辑主语“the park”构成了逻辑上的主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词focusing作伴随状语。故填focusing。 139．考查名词。句意：三江源地区是高寒生态系统的典型代表，是高寒生物种质资源库，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。根据本空前的形容词typical可知，此处要用represent的名词形式representative作表语。故填representative。 140．考查介词。句意同上。serve as是常用短语，意为“可用作”。故填as。 （24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Midwives bring new life into the world, and these midwifery students at London’s Middlesex University 141 (learn) a new way to do this now. Sarah Chitongo is the educator in this high-tech classroom. Her students use goggles 142 (equip) with augmented reality or AR, so trainee midwives can experience 143 simulated birth. AR is a digital overlay atop something real. It actually allows you 144 (engage) in that type of learning which is more visual than paper-based one. The training helps prepare students for all the potential risks they might face during childbirth, including 145 (handle) a situation that is very complex. Educators say students’ exposure 146 AR makes them more comfortable using it in the classroom. It’s about giving the students the ability to engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to, 147 within a serious learning space, so that they get a better 148 (understand) of it. Chitongo says it took her nearly a decade of midwifing before she 149 (see) a breech delivery. She says with AR technology in the classroom, students can better manage 150 happens in the real world and possibly even save a life. 【答案】 141．are learning 142．equipped 143．a 144．to engage/to be engaged 145．handling 146．to 147．but 148．understanding 149．saw 150．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍伦敦米德尔塞克斯大学助产士专业的学生如何通过学习使用增强现实技术(AR)模拟接生，为将来的助产工作做好准备。 141．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：助产士为世界带来了新的生命，伦敦米德尔塞克斯大学的这些助产学学生现在正在学习一种新的方式来实现这一目标。分析句子可知，learn(学习)是分句中谓语动词，与主语these midwifery students之间是主动关系，结合句意和时间状语now可知，描述当前正在发生的事情应使用现在进行时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在进行时的主动语态，复数形式。故填are learning。 142．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的学生使用配备增强现实或AR的护目镜，因此实习助产士可以体验一种模拟分娩。“(equip) with augmented reality or AR”作后置定语，equip(配备)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语goggles之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填equipped。 143．考查冠词。句意：她的学生使用配备增强现实或AR的护目镜，因此实习助产士可以体验一种模拟分娩。可数名词birth在句中表示“一种模拟分娩”，泛指，空格后单词simulated发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 144．考查非谓语动词。句意：它实际上让你参与到那种比纸质学习更直观的学习中。allow sb. to do...是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语；engage可作动词，表示“参加”，构成不定式短语to engage in...作宾语补足语，也可使用形容词engaged构成短语be engaged in...，意为“参与”，用不定式形式to be engaged作宾语补足语。故填to engage/to be engaged。 145．考查非谓语动词。句意：培训帮助学生为分娩过程中可能面临的所有潜在风险做好准备，包括处理非常复杂的情况。介词including后用动名词作宾语。故填handling。 146．考查介词。句意：教育工作者表示，学生接触到增强现实技术后，他们在课堂上使用它会更自如。名词exposure常与介词to搭配，exposure to...“暴露于……；接触到……”。故填to。 147．考查连词。句意：这是为了让学生有能力使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但在一个严肃的学习空间里，这样他们就能更好地理解它。根据句中“engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to”和“within a serious learning space”可知，让学生使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但要在一个严肃的学习空间里进行，上下文之间有转折对比关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 148．考查名词。句意：这是为了让学生有能力使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但在一个严肃的学习空间里，这样他们就能更好地理解它。提示词作宾语，用名词understanding，意为“理解，领会”；get a better understanding of...“更好地理解……”。故填understanding。 149．考查时态和语态。句意：Chitongo说，她花了将近十年的时间才看到臀位分娩。分析句子可知，see(看到)是从句中谓语动词，与主语she之间是主动关系，结合句意和主句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填saw。 150．考查名词性从句。句意：她说，在课堂上使用AR技术，学生可以更好地管理现实世界中发生的事情，甚至可能挽救生命。“happens in the real world”是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，结合句意，表示“(现实世界中发生的)事情”，应用连接代词what引导该宾语从句。故填what。 （24-25高三·四川成都·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 At first glance, the words alligator, bedroom, eyeball, gossip, hurry, and kissing may not have anything obvious in common, 151 they do — William Shakespeare. They are among up to 1,700 words 152 first recorded use is in the collected 153 (work) of the most important writer in the history of the English language. More than four centuries after his death in 1616, Shakespeare’s plays remain 154 unique source of artistic inspiration far beyond the land of his birth, 155 (endless) performed, studied, and adapted for countless languages and audiences. From Disney’s The Lion King to Feng Xiaogang’s film The Banquet, the story of a young man 156 (face) the challenge of growing up to seek revenge for his murdered father, is one of his most famous works. The 157 (forbid) love of Romeo and Juliet has been the inspiration for everything from Oscar-winning musical West Side Story to Chloe Gong’s novel series These Violent Delights, and Macbeth, with its tale of a man destined for greatness ruined by ambition, 158 (adapt) into Li Jianwu’s play Wang Deming in 1944, and classic Japanese film Throne of Blood in 1957. The collection of Shakespeare’s plays 159 (remain) at the heart of the study of English literature worldwide, and also provides the backbone of the tourist industry in Stratford-upon-Avon, his birthplace in England’s West Midlands, which is also home 160 the Royal Shakespeare Company theater. 【答案】 151．but/yet 152．whose 153．works 154．a 155．endlessly 156．facing 157．forbidden 158．was adapted 159．remains 160．to/of 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威廉·莎士比亚对英语语言的贡献和他的作品在当今世界文化中的重要地位。莎士比亚作为英语历史上最重要的作家之一，创造了许多词汇，并留下了众多经典作品。他的戏剧不仅在英国文学研究中占据核心地位，也被广泛表演、研究和改编成各种形式，影响着当代艺术和文化产业。 151．考查连词。句意：乍一看，鳄鱼、卧室、眼球、八卦、匆忙和接吻这些词可能没有什么明显的共同点，但它们确实有共同点——威廉·莎士比亚。分析句子可知，they do为省略句，原句为they do have something obvious in common，与上文构成转折关系，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but或yet，连接上下文。故填but/yet。 152．考查定语从句。句意：在英语历史上最重要的作家的文集中，有多达1700个单词的首次使用记录，这些单词就是其中之一。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词1,700 words，先行词指物，在从句中作定语，和first recorded use之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 153．考查名词的数。句意：在英语历史上最重要的作家的文集中，有多达1700个单词的首次使用记录，这些单词就是其中之一。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，被collected“收成全集的”修饰，可数名词work应用复数形式。故填works。 154．考查冠词。句意：莎士比亚于1616年去世，四个多世纪后，他的戏剧仍然是一个独特的艺术灵感来源，远远超出了他的出生地，被无休止地表演、研究和改编成无数的语言，呈现给观众。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 155．考查副词。句意：莎士比亚于1616年去世，四个多世纪后，他的戏剧仍然是一个独特的艺术灵感来源，远远超出了他的出生地，被无休止地表演、研究和改编成无数的语言，呈现给观众。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词performed、studied和adapted，endless的副词形式endlessly符合题意，意为“无休止地”。故填endlessly。 156．考查非谓语动词。句意：从迪士尼的《狮子王》到冯小刚的电影《夜宴》，他最著名的作品之一都是讲述一个年轻人面对成长的挑战，为被谋杀的父亲复仇的故事。分析句子可知，空处作man的后置定语，是非谓语动词，face“面对”和man逻辑上是主动关系，且此处侧重描述man的状态，应用face的现在分词形式。故填facing。 157．考查非谓语动词。句意：从奥斯卡获奖音乐剧《西区故事》到克洛伊·龚的小说系列《残暴的欢愉》，《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的禁忌之爱一直是许多作品的灵感来源。分析句子可知，空处作修饰love的定语，是非谓语动词，forbid“禁止”和love逻辑上是被动关系，应用forbid的过去分词形式，forbidden love是固定表达，意为“禁忌之恋，禁忌之爱”。故填forbidden。 158．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：《麦克白》讲述了一个注定伟大的人被野心毁掉的故事，1944年被改编成李建吾的戏剧《王德明》，1957年被改编成经典日本电影《蜘蛛巢城》。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为in 1944，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，adapt“改编”和主语Macbeth之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was adapted。 159．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：莎士比亚戏剧的作品集仍然是全世界英国文学研究的核心，也是埃文河畔斯特拉特福德旅游业的支柱，斯特拉特福德是莎士比亚的出生地，位于英格兰西米德兰兹郡，也是皇家莎士比亚剧团的所在地。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合provides可知，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语The collection of Shakespeare’s plays应看作单数，remain需用第三人称单数形式。故填remains。 160．考查介词。句意：莎士比亚戏剧的作品集仍然是全世界英国文学研究的核心，也是埃文河畔斯特拉特福德旅游业的支柱，斯特拉特福德是莎士比亚的出生地，位于英格兰西米德兰兹郡，也是皇家莎士比亚剧团的所在地。根据“is also home”和“the Royal Shakespeare Company theater”可推知，此处用固定短语be home to/of表示“为……的所在地”。故填to/of。 （24-25高三·黑龙江大庆·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human, people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing 161 they are talking to a machine. But the 162 (true) may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a game in 163 paired players made a series of 164 (decision) to cooperate with betray their partner. In 165 long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating. But there is always the desire 166 (earn) extra points at the partner’s expense. Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines, so the scientists hoped people 167 (play) with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would 168 (eventual) get past their distrust. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a senior author on the paper, 169 (publish) last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “A robot was 170 (likely) to obtain cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.” It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established. 【答案】 161．whether/if 162．truth 163．which 164．decisions 165．the 166．to earn 167．playing 168．eventually 169．published 170．less likely 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们在使用人工智能产品时发现，在人机交互中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡。 161．考查宾语从句。句意：随着人工智能产品在冒充人类方面的稳步提升，人们将越来越陷入不知道自己是否在和机器说话的令人不安的境地。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，从句结构完整，结合句意可知此处表示“是否”，应用whether或if引导从句。故填whether/if。 162．考查名词。句意：但事实可能会使这些产品的效果降低:最近的研究发现，在人机交互中，透明度与合作之间存在权衡。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处是名词作主语，表达“事实”，应用名词truth。故填truth。 163．考查定语从句。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为a game，在从句中作介词in的宾语。故填which。 164．考查名词的数。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。根据空格前的a series of可知，空格处应填名词的复数。故填decisions。 165．考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，保持合作对双方都有利。 in the long run从长远来看，固定短语。故填the。 166．考查非谓语动词。句意：但是他们总是希望以牺牲伴侣的利益为代价获得额外的分数。空格处应为不定式结构作后置定语，修饰the desire。故填to earn。 167．考查非谓语动词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。逻辑主语people和play之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填playing。 168．考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。空格处作状语，修饰动词get，应用副词形式。故填eventually。 169．考查非谓语动词。句意：“遗憾的是，我们未能实现这一目标，”该论文的资深作者Talal Rahwan说，该论文于去年11月发表在《自然机器智能》上。publish和逻辑主语paper之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰paper。故填published。 170．考查形容词的比较级。句意：与人类相比，机器人获得合作的可能性更小，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。句中的than表明本空应用形容词比较级，结合句意可知，此处表示“不太可能”。故填less likely。 （24-25高三·四川·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese drinking vessels (器皿) have kept evolving throughout the dynasties of China, 171 reflect the ceremony system, 172 (culture) ideas, customs and manners at that time. In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, ancient China established itself a complete ceremony system. 173 (drive) by the system, it’s widely believed that it’s impolite to serve 174 alcohol, which helped greatly promote the 175 (popular) and use of bronze (青铜) drinking vessels, 176 (make) them a significant symbol of bronze culture in this period. The drinking vessels came with a variety of shapes and sizes. Drinking wine was 177 (extreme) popular in the Tang Dynasty. Among more than 40,000 poems included in the Complete Tang Poems, there are up 178 5,400 poems written about wine. The drinking vessels mentioned in Tang poetry are rich in material, including metal vessels as well as ceramic (陶瓷) vessels, which boomed in the Song Dynasty. Jingdezhen ceramics in Jiangxi Province 179 (last) for five or six hundred years throughout the Ming and Qing dynasties, where a surprisingly large number and a wide variety of wine sets were created. Ceramic wine sets reached the peak of perfection in the Qing Dynasty, which 180 (represent) by the set of wine cups with flowers of the twelve months from the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. 【答案】 171．which 172．cultural 173．Driven 174．without 175．popularity 176．making 177．extremely 178．to 179．have lasted 180．are represented 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国历代酒器，反映了当时的礼仪制度、文化观念、风俗习惯等。 171．考查定语从句。句意：中国历代酒器都在不断演变，反映了当时的仪式制度、文化观念、风俗习惯。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chinese drinking vessels，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 172．考查形容词。句意：中国历代酒器都在不断演变，反映了当时的仪式制度、文化观念、风俗习惯。修饰名词ideas应用形容词cultural，作定语。故填cultural。 173．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一制度的推动下，人们普遍认为不喝酒是不礼貌的，这极大地促进了青铜酒器的普及和使用，使其成为这一时期青铜文化的重要标志。此处为非谓语形式，根据by可知此处用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Driven。 174．考查介词。句意：在这一制度的推动下，人们普遍认为不喝酒是不礼貌的，这极大地促进了青铜酒器的普及和使用，使其成为这一时期青铜文化的重要标志。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有”应用介词without。故填without。 175．考查名词。句意：在这一制度的推动下，人们普遍认为不喝酒是不礼貌的，这极大地促进了青铜酒器的普及和使用，使其成为这一时期青铜文化的重要标志。作动词的宾语，应用名词popularity，不可数。故填popularity。 176．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一制度的推动下，人们普遍认为不喝酒是不礼貌的，这极大地促进了青铜酒器的普及和使用，使其成为这一时期青铜文化的重要标志。make与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。 177．考查副词。句意：在唐朝，喝酒是非常流行的。修饰形容词popular应用副词extremely，故填extremely。 178．考查介词。句意：在《唐诗全集》收录的4万多首诗中，有关酒的诗多达5400首。短语up to表示“多达”。故填to。 179．考查时态。句意：江西景德镇的陶瓷在明清两代延续了五六百多年，并创造了数量惊人、种类繁多的酒具。根据后文for five or six hundred years可知为现在完成时，主语为Jingdezhen ceramics，助动词用have。故填have lasted。 180．考查时态语态。句意：陶瓷酒具在清代达到了完美的顶峰，以清代康熙时期的一套十二月花酒杯为代表。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ceramic wine sets，与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are represented。 （24-25高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519), 181 painter, sculptor (雕塑家), architect and inventor, is probably the most talented person who ever lived. His most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, 182 sits in the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫), is one of the great art attractions of the world. The Mona Lisa is famous for the mysterious smile 183 the woman’s face. What is the reason for her smile? Some believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a portrait (肖像) of Da Vinci 184 (he)! This is because some of her 185 (face) features are similar to those in one of Da Vinci’s self-portraits. They might suggest that the smile is because Da Vinci knows the 186 (true)—where we see a woman, what he painted was a man. Others might suggest she smiles because she has lost her 187 (tooth)! We will never know for sure, but it is fun to guess! Mona Lisa didn't always sit behind the glass in the Louvre. In 1911 the painting 188 (steal). Many were called in for questioning, 189 (include) the now famous Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. 190 (lucky), two years after the theft, it was discovered. People are now more careful to protect this precious work of art. 【答案】 181．a 182．which 183．on 184．himself 185．facial 186．truth 187．teeth 188．was stolen 189．including 190．Luckily 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的著名画作《蒙娜丽莎》的一些情况。 181．考查冠词。句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇（1452-1519），集画家、雕塑家、建筑师和发明家于一身，可能是有史以来最有才华的人。后文名词为泛指，且painter是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 182．考查定语从句。句意：他最著名的画作《蒙娜丽莎》收藏在卢浮宫博物馆，是世界上最伟大的艺术景点之一。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Mona Lisa，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 183．考查介词。句意：蒙娜丽莎以女人脸上神秘的微笑而闻名。表示“在脸上”应用介词on。故填on。 184．考查代词。句意：有些人认为蒙娜丽莎实际上是达芬奇本人的肖像！此处指达芬奇“他自己”的肖像应用反身代词himself。故填himself。 185．考查形容词。句意：这是因为她的一些面部特征与达芬奇的一幅自画像相似。修饰名词features应用形容词facial，故填facial。 186．考查名词。句意：他们可能会说，微笑是因为达芬奇知道真相——在我们看到一个女人的地方，他画的是一个男人。作动词的宾语，应用名词truth。故填truth。 187．考查名词的数。句意：其他人可能会说她笑是因为她掉了牙！tooth不止一个应用复数形式。故填teeth。 188．考查时态语态。句意：1911年，这幅画被盗。主语painting与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In 1911可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was stolen。 189．考查介词。句意：许多人被传唤问话，包括现在著名的西班牙艺术家巴勃罗·毕加索。后跟名词作宾语，表示“包括”应用介词including。故填including。 190．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，失窃两年后，它被发现了。修饰后文句子应用副词luckily，首字母大写。故填Luckily。 （24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains, Caijiapo, a village in the Huyi district of Xi’an, the capital city of Shaanxi province, is full of artistic atmosphere, with various styles of art pieces 191 (decorate) the fields, houses and country roads. This remarkable transformation began six years ago 192 Wu Xiaochuan, a professor from the Xi’an Academy of Fine Arts, 193 (lead) a group of students to the village to create art. He and his team rented 5 mu (0.33 hectares) of wheat land and create various artworks in the fields. 194 (initial) met with confusion by villagers as those art forms were displayed without relevance to their daily lives, Wu realized that integration was necessary for 195 (accept) and vibration within the community. Then a breakthrough came in hosting the first “Guanzhong MangbaArts Festival”. 196 (integrate) with the Mangba Festival, Wu and the students set up 197 100-square-meter stage in the fields after the summer harvest. They invited Qinqiang Opera troupes, aerobics teams, and folk music groups to take part 198 the art festival and perform on the stage. From many spectators to active 199 (participant), residents in the Caijiapo village, together with artists and the local government, made joint efforts 200 (build) this artistic community to achieve rural revitalization (振兴). The construction of the art village has stimulated the emergence of fresh consumption scenes in  Caijiapo and its neighboring areas. 【答案】 191．decorating 192．when 193．led 194．Initially 195．acceptance 196．Integrated 197．a 198．in 199．participants 200．to build 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了陕西省省会西安市鄠邑区的一个村庄蔡家坡村，这里充满了艺术气息，各种风格的艺术品装饰着田野、房屋和乡村道路，吸引了众多游客。 191．考查非谓语动词。句意：位于秦岭北麓的蔡家坡村是陕西省省会西安市鄠邑区的一个村庄，这里充满了艺术气息，各种风格的艺术品装饰着田野、房屋和乡村道路。with复合结构中，宾语是various styles of art pieces，和decorate之间是主动关系，所以空处应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填decorating。 192．考查定语从句。句意：这一引人注目的转变始于六年前，西安美术学院教授武小川带领一批学生来到村里创作艺术。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词six years ago，先行词表示时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故填when。 193．考查动词时态。句意同上。空处在定语从句中作谓语，根据句中six years ago可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填led。 194．考查副词。句意：一开始，村民们感到困惑，因为这些艺术形式的展示与他们的日常生活无关，武意识到融入是必要的，以便在社区内接受和共鸣。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词initially作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Initially。 195．考查名词。句意同上。根据and vibration可知，and连接并列的两个名词，在介词后作宾语，所以空处应用名词acceptance。故填acceptance。 196．考查非谓语动词。句意：结合忙罢节，武和同学们在夏收后的田地里搭建了一个100平方米的舞台。句中有谓语set up，和integrate之间没有连词，所以integrate作非谓语动词，be integrated with 表示“与……结合”，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Integrated。 197．考查冠词。句意同上。结合语意可知，此处表示一个舞台，名词前用不定冠词，100-square-meter以辅音音素开头，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 198．考查介词。句意：他们邀请了秦腔剧团、健美操队和民间音乐团体参加艺术节并在舞台上表演。“参加”为动词短语take part in。故填in。 199．考查名词。句意：从众多的观众到积极的参与者，蔡家坡村的居民与艺术家和当地政府共同努力，建设了这个艺术社区，实现了乡村振兴。根据From many spectators to可知，名词应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填participants。 200．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“为某件事情做出共同努力”为固定短语make joint efforts to do sth。故填to build。 试卷第26页，共27页 试卷第27页，共27页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$