专项三 阅读理解之说明文(社科环保类)&专项四 阅读理解之说明文(科技研究类)-【1号学员】2024年中考英语河南真题全方位48套

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Aso, by washing your clothes at 1.A 【解析】推理判断题。第一段先介绍了几种常见的缓解 30° instead of a higher temperature, around 40% less 压力的方法,接着提出“A new study found another great way electricity is used over a year, according to the Energy Saving to lower students'stress一plaving with dogs",再结合下文内容 Trust”可知,用能效高的电器,把电灯换成节能灯,洗衣服时 可知,第一段主要是为了引出本文的主要话题:和小狗玩要 温度设在30度能减少温室效应,应是①③④。故选C。 对缓解压力的作用。故选A 4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Let';first think 2. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The students in the first about a greenhouse-you may have one in your garden! It's a group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They glass structure that protects plants against low temperatures by watched...""The second group spent the same amount of time trapping(聚集)heat inside. But, while this helps your plants (时长) doing exercise to relax"和“The last group did neither grow, Earth is trapping heat in the same way, and it's causing of thesethings”可知,三组学生被安排的活动是不同的。故 globalwarming”可知,作者用家里的花园举例子。故选A。 选C。 5.A【解析】推理判断题。根据全文介绍的是温室效应的形 3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The more stressed you feel. 成,对地球的影响,所以应是科普知识类的,应是来自科学 the more cortisol you will have in your body”可知,你的压力超 类的报纸。故选A 大,体内的皮质醇水平越高。故选A。 三、【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同颜色给 4.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Aecordingto the study, 人的不同感受。 students enjoy playing with dogs,and it helps thembecome1.C 【解析】推理判断题。由文拿首段可知,开篇作者提出 happier”可知,学生们喜欢和狗玩耍,狗就会让他们变得更 了三个问题:你的感受和情绪有没有受过地点的影响?有 加开心,所以此处them指的是学生。故选D 没有特定的场所让你低落?有没有让你感觉放松和平静的 5. C 【解析】推理判新题。根据“But here comes the next 地方?作者提出这三个问题是为了导入主题,引出下文对 question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount 颜色与人们的感受之间的关系的阐述。故选C。 of time?”可知,作者又提出了一个问题:20分钟和狗玩要 2.C【解析】词句猜测题。上文提到蓝色是让人放松的颜 的时间是最佳的时长吗?科学家将会继续努力去寻找答案 色,下文讲到蓝色房间使人的心率和血压降低,让人们保持 所以作者接下来就会研究和狗玩耍的最佳时长。故选C 平静,由此推断待在蓝色房间更容易让人做好梦。故选C。 二、【短文大意】本文主要介绍了温室效应如何形成的,对地球3.D【解析】细节理解题。由第四段中“Since yellow is easy 的影响,以及我们如何减少温室效应等。 to be noticed, it is also one of the most attention-getting colors. 1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Our planet is heating up Yellow can be used to draw notice...”可知,黄色常被用来绘 because of the greenhouse effect"可知,温室效应导致气温升 制警告标志的原因是它非常醒目,容易引起人们的注意,故 高。故选B 选D 2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Eunice Foote,a scientist 4.D【解析】推理判断题。由第二段第二句“...blueisa tested the effects of sunlight on different gases. Her results relaxing color"和最后一段第一句“Green is the most relaxing showed that carbon dioxide traps heat more than other gases"及 color onthecolorwheel”可知,令人放松、乎静下来的颜色有 下文“So, what can we do to reduce the greenhouse effect?"可 蓝色和绿色,海浪是蓝色的,树苗是绿色的,故选D。 知,横线上应提及“温室效应”这一理念诞生了。选项D“温 5.A【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段第三句可知,绿色带 室效应的想法诞生了”符合语境。故选D. 来冷静和希望,使头脑和身体放松;另外最后一句也提到了 3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The UN recommends using 绿色可以带来更富有创造性的思维。故选A。 29 专项四 阅读理解之说明文(科技研究类) 一、【短文大意】本文主要介绍了OpenAI公司推出的 的含义为“集思广益”。故选D。 ChatGPT,具体包括它能做什么以及存在的一些问题。 3. C 【解析】推理判新题。根据"lt can also refuse to answer 1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Anyone can use ChaiGPT for questions that are not proper. For example, ask it for advice on free now so that the company can collect people's ideas on how stealing a car. It will say that stealing a car is a serious crime to improwe it”可知,现在我们可以免费使用ChatGPT,这样 andcanhavebadresults”可知.ChatGPr会拒绝回答不恰当 公司可以收集人们的想法,帮助它进行改进。故选B。 的问题:由此推知如果你向ChatGPT询问如何使用其他人 2. D【解析】词句猜测题。根据“ln our daily life, it helpeda 的银行卡,它会告诉你这与法律相悖。故选C father brainstorm ideas of a birthday party for his son that 4. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据“In2022,he bought Twitter combines the kid's two favorites, rabbits and basketball"可知, and then he pointed out that OpenAI could use the Twitter ChatGPT结合了孩子最喜欢的两种东西,免子和篮球,帮助 database for training in the past, but not for now"可知,马斯克 一位父亲为他儿子的生日聚会集思广益:因此“brainstorm” 指出OpenAI过去可以使用Twitter数据库进行训练,但现在不 行;由此推知马斯克阻止OpenAI使用Twitter数据库。故选D 70 5.C【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知,第一段是引出本 down,andwe are indanger”可知,当蛋白质开始分解,我们 文的话题ChatGPT;第二、三段介绍了ChatGPT能做什么;第 会处于危险之中。故选C 四段是介绍它可能存在的一些问题。结合选项,C选项符 5.A【解析】篇章结构题。文章第一段引出了话题,第二、 合文章结构。故选C 三、四段解释了饥饿的原因以及可能会造成的后果,第五段 二、【短文大意】本文主要从科学角度讲述了人们过度饥饿的 进行总结。本文属于总分总结构。故选A 一些事实。 三、【短文大意】本文主要介绍霉荫。在软食物中发现霉荫就 1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Whenthere is not enough把它扔掉,硬食物中发霉的部分切下可吃剩余部分,有些霉菌 glucose,a person feels hungry”可知,人体内葡萄糖不够时会 可以用来做食物 让人会感到饥饿。故选C。 1.D【解析】推理判断题。根据”Is it safetodo this?”可知, 2. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据"When we can't eat for some reasons, our body will change these stored sugar into energy. ! 这是通过提问题的方式开始这篇文章。故选D 2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Mold makes food soft and When it arrives at a certain stage, our body will give us a changes itscolor”可知,雾荫会使食物变款,并改变食物的颜 message:theglucose is enough”可知,我们身体储存着多余 的糖分,当我们饿了又不能吃东西时,身体会把这些糖分转 色。故选D. 换成能量,当达到一定阶段时,我们的身体会以为我们的体 3. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“If you find mold in soft food. 内葡萄糖是足够的,我们便不会感到饥饿,这是我们的身体 just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot 在用它自己的方式来喂饱自己。故选B。 dogs,usually contains water”可知,如果在软的食物,比如西红 3.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据“If worse,the protein(蛋白 柿、面包这样的食物上有露荫的话,应该把它们扔掉。故选B. 质) which is very important to the body also starts to break 4.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据“For example,penicillium(青 down, and we are in danger. If the worst, we may lose our 零菌) can be used to make many different kinds of cheeses. lives”可知,当我们过度饥饿时,我们会感觉不好,我们会处 such asblue cheese”可知,青霉荫可以用来制作不同种类的奶 于危险之中,甚至失去我们的生命。故可推测出dizzy应为 略。故选B “晕的”。故选D 5.A【解析】篇章结构题。第一段主要提出问题,第二、三。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“If worse,the protein(蛋白 四段分别讲述应该如何处理不同种类的霉荫,所以是并列 质) which is very important to the body also starts to break 的三个段落。故选A。 30 专项五 任务型阅读之事物说明类 一、【短文大意】本文介绍了四种关于太空的手工艺的构思。 produced.”可知此处是指编幅发出的声音,选项D“编蝠在 1.E【解析】通读全文可知,本文介绍了四种关于太空手工 黑暗中飞行时发出响亮的叫声”符合语境,故选D 艺的构思,第一段主要介绍背景,E选项“让我们看一看这些 3. B 【解析】根据"People who are blind may beeome sensitive to reflectedsounds”可知此处是介绍人类和编蝠一样,也可 太空手工艺构思,看看哪一个你能学会”符合语境,故选E 2. A 【解析】根据下文“These rockets can be really a fun-filled 以通过声音来辨别位置,选项B“有些人可以做类似的事 exercise, and they're the simplest”可知这个构思是最简单 情”符合语境,故选B 4. C 【解析】根据"Scientists use echoes to explore our planet" 的,A选项“它制作起来非常容易,并且非常快”符合语境。 故选A。 可知科学家利用回声来探索我们的星球,选项C“科学家向 3. D 【解析】根据"With these things, you can make a few 地球深处发射声波”符合语境,故选C 5.A【解析】根据“The ultrasonic sound(超声波)can safely astronauts within anhour”可知此段介绍了装饰墙面的字航 get into thehumanbody”可知此处是介绍回声在医疗领域的 员工艺品,D选项“画宇航员并且把它剪下来,会非常好玩” 应用,选项A“回声也有医疗用途”符合语境,故选A 符合语境。故选D 4. C 【解析】根据"What is better than having some handmade 三、【短文大意】本文主要介绍了中国 crazy-looking corner bookmarks? Get an envelope(信封) first 1. C 【解析】根据"China is a large country. The population is Cut the corner off the envelope"可知,此处介绍用信封的一角 over1.4billion”可知,第一段是整体说明中国这个国家,选项 来制作书答,C选项“然后用一角来制作你的书答”符合语 C“它有一种特殊的文化,有着悠久的历史”符合语境,故选C。 境。故选C。 2. E 【解析】根据“Chinese food plays an important role in 5. B 【解析】根据“Is there one empty wall in your room”可知 Chinese families... The main difference is that Chinese people 可以在一面空墙上画一些有创造力的画,B选项“它需要一 eat their meals with chopsticks”可知,是介绍中国的食物,选 点创造力吗?”符合语境。故选B 项E“不同的食物有特殊的含义”符合语境,故选E。 3. B 【解析】根据"For example, sweeping the floor before New 二、【短文大意】本文主要介绍了回声的作用 Year's Day sweeps away all the old year's bad luck"可知,此处 1.E【解析】根据“Do you find it interesting?”以及下文可知 是介绍春节的习俗,选项B“它有着特殊的习俗和传统”符 回声很有趣也很有用,选项E“事实上,除了有趣之外,它还 合语境,故选B。 非常有用”符合语境,故选E。 4. D【解析】根据"The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao”可 2. D 【解析】根据"When the cries hit an object, echoes are = 知,此处是介绍十二生肖,选项D“每个年份都以一种动物 71