选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language（人与社会：人际沟通)-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语单元阅读提升（人教版2019）

选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language（人教版2019） 人与社会：人际沟通 单元引言解读 What I hide by my language, my body utters. —Roland Barthes 释义：Body language can reveal what people are thinking. 启示：开篇页的名人名言出自法国作家、社会评论家和文学评论家罗兰·巴特。这句话的字面意思是“我的身体会说出我用言语掩饰的话”。在实际生活中，因为各种原因，言语表达并不完全真实可信的情况确实普遍存在。通过逻辑推理并观察行为表现、肢体语言甚至微表情，人们对言语表达的意思会形成更为综合的印象或者判断。因此，中文里也说“察言观色”。 名言名句积累 人与社会：人际沟通 1．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world. 微笑是世界上最美的语言。 2．A gentleman uses his tongue but not his fists. 君子动口不动手。 3．What the ear hears is false, but what the eye sees is true. 耳听为虚，眼见为实。 4．By learning body language we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields. 通过学习肢体语言，我们能够开阔我们的视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。 5．To communicate successfully, you must also learn the body language of that culture. 为了成功地交流，你还必须学习那种文化的肢体语言。 6．People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use. 来自不同文化背景的人们对彼此使用的手势很有可能产生误会。 7．Standing with one's hands on one's hips shows that a person is angry in many cultures, such as Malaysia, Argentina, and Mexico. 在马来西亚、阿根廷和墨西哥等许多文化中，双手放在臀部站立表示一个人是愤怒的。 8．Many Mexicans like to touch people on the arm.This shows that they want to be friendly. 许多墨西哥人喜欢触摸别人的手臂。这表明他们想要友好。 9．When communicating with someone from Tanzania or Kenya, do not use your left hand when giving or receiving things like a business card or gift. 当与坦桑尼亚或肯尼亚的人交流时，在赠送或接受名片或礼物等物品时，不要用左手。 10．In Vietnamese culture, the head is considered the most important part of the body. 在越南文化中，头部被认为是身体最重要的部分。 11．If a Lebanese person stands close to you, do not feel that they are entering your personal space.Personal space is relatively smaller in Lebanon and many other places.如果一个黎巴嫩人站在你身边，不要觉得他们正在进入你的私人空间。在黎巴嫩和其他许多地方，个人空间相对较小。 时文拓展阅读 Is watching sports good for your well-being? If you're a sports fan, you may be familiar with the emotional roller-coaster that comes with sports spectatorship. Whether you're part of a buzzing crowd in a stadium, or just watching at home on TV, it's easy to get caught up in the highs and the lows when you celebrate or commiserate with your favourite team or athlete. Those feelings are so strong, in fact, that a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, showed that the emotional stress during a football match increased the risk of a cardiovascular incident. But can watching sports be good for you too? The evidence suggests that people who watch live sporting events experience greater wellbeing than those who don't. A study published in Frontiers in Public Health by the Anglia Ruskin University in the UK, found sports spectators felt less lonely and had higher scores for life satisfaction. Lead author Helen Keys said in a press release, "watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to forge group identity and belonging." She says this then reduces loneliness and boosts wellbeing. But, if for any reason you aren't keen on going to live events, don't worry! Watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects, according to a 2021 study by Tsuji and colleagues. They found that older adults who watched sports were less likely to have depressive symptoms than those who didn't. On top of that, the sports spectators tended to have richer social networks than non-spectators. The authors suggest that the social networks you gain through watching sports may lower the risk of depressive symptoms. So, the cheers at a live sports event or even casual chit-chat with friends about your favourite team can bring a sense of camaraderie and may reduce loneliness and depression. It seems the health benefits of sports are not limited to physical activity through participation in them, but that we can make gains in our general well--being through social bonding. 【译文欣赏】 观看体育比赛对身心健康有利吗？ 如果你是一个体育迷，你可能熟悉体育观众带来的情绪过山车。无论你是体育场里热闹的人群中的一员，还是只是在家里看电视，当你庆祝或同情你最喜欢的球队或运动员时，都很容易陷入高潮和低谷。事实上，这些感觉是如此强烈，以至于克罗地亚发表在PubMed上的一项研究表明，足球比赛期间的情绪压力增加了心血管事件的风险。但是看体育比赛对你也有好处吗？ 证据表明，观看现场体育赛事的人比不观看的人更幸福。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学在《公共卫生前沿》上发表的一项研究发现，体育观众感到不那么孤独，生活满意度得分更高。主要作者海伦·凯斯在一份新闻稿中说：“观看各种类型的现场体育比赛为社交互动提供了许多机会，这有助于塑造群体认同和归属感。”她说，这可以减少孤独感，提高幸福感。 但是，如果出于任何原因，你不想参加现场活动，别担心！根据Tsuji及其同事2021年的一项研究，在电视或互联网上观看体育比赛也可能产生积极影响。他们发现，观看体育比赛的老年人比不观看体育比赛者更不容易出现抑郁症状。除此之外，体育观众往往比非观众拥有更丰富的社交网络。作者认为，通过观看体育比赛获得的社交网络可能会降低抑郁症状的风险。 因此，在现场体育赛事中的欢呼声，甚至与朋友闲聊你最喜欢的球队，都可以带来一种同志情谊，并可能减少孤独和抑郁。体育运动对健康的益处似乎不仅限于通过参与体育活动来获得身体活动，而且我们可以通过社会联系来提高我们的整体幸福感。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 emotional roller-coaster 情绪上的剧烈起伏 spectatorship 观看 buzzing crowd 熙熙攘攘的人群 commiserate 为……惋惜、遗憾 cardiovascular 心血管的 Well-being 身心健康，幸福感 spectator 观众 forge 形成 belonging 归属感 depressive symptom 抑郁症状 social network 社交网络 cheer 欢呼声 chit-chat 闲聊 camaraderie 情谊、友谊 social bonding 社会纽带，社交联系 【知识拓展】 人们在工作学习之余，欣赏体育表演和比赛还能陶冶情操，得到积极性的休息。运动员尽善尽美的表演，健、力、美和谐的统一，鲜明的节奏，默契的配合，表现出诗的情感，艺术的造型，给人以美的享受，从而忘掉忧愁和烦恼，有效地调整失去平衡的心理，改善人的心理和情绪，使人朝气蓬勃，充满活力，增进健康。人们在欣赏体育比赛的过程中可以看到运动员之间、运动员和裁判员之间、观众和运动员之间发生着频繁而激烈的思想感情或行为上的交流。从中看到个人与集体的关系、人与人之间的合作精神、谅解精神、相互鼓励的精神。在激烈的竞争中，还有严格的规则，受到诚实、守纪律和严密组织纪律性和熏陶。因此，体育欣赏能培养人们团结使用的精神，豁达合群的性格、愉快乐观的情绪。 【词汇延伸】 get caught up陷入困境被卷入，卷入到 emotional stress精神压力 综合实战演练 （一） （2023高三·全国卷真题·专题练习）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 1．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A．The methods of estimation. B．The underlying logic of the effect. C．The causes of people’s errors. D．The design of Galton’s experiment. 2．Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________. A．the crowds were relatively small B．there were occasional underestimates C．individuals did not communicate D．estimates were not fully independent 3．What did the follow-up study focus on? A．The size of the groups. B．The dominant members. C．The discussion process. D．The individual estimates. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving. ( 阅读理解推理判断题命题规律探究 一、推理判断题解题三步曲 1．定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。 2．字面理解：理解相关信息点字面意义。 3．深层理解：进而理解作者的言外之意。 二、推理判断题干扰项特征 1. 似是而非：只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论。 2. 夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断。 3. 推理过度：选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现only, all等词语。 4. 掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。 三、推理判断题五大解题技巧 1．抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住关键词或短语利用逆向思维或正面推理。 2．整合全文(段)信息进行推断。整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断定结论。 3．利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。考虑主人公特定心理和情绪状态褒贬性来推断。 4．根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者思想倾向和感情色彩隐含在字里行间。 5．根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。严格根据文章中所陈述的事实论点例证来推理。 ) ( 1. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. a paper 后带定语从句  what从句充当illustrate 的宾语从句 翻译： 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿 发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为 “群体智慧”效应。 The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.  the experiment 后面接定语从句，he conducted ， show that 接宾语从句 翻译： 他所做的估计实验表明，在一些 在大量独立估计的情况下，取平均值可能相当准确。 The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.was that 为表语从句， 表语从句里面带一个由when 引导条件状语从句，groups 后面带定语从句，  翻译：这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的小组进行讨论时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。 For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.两个average 后面都带obtained 的过去分词做定语 翻译：例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。 Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.although为让步状语从句， studies 后面带led 过去分词做定语 翻译：尽管Navajas领导的研究存在局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 ) ( statistician [stəˈtɪʃən] n. ________________________________________ ； illustrated [ˈɪləstreɪtɪd] adj. _______________________________________ ； estimation [ˌɛstɪˈmeɪʃən] n. _______________________________________ ； average [ˈævərɪdʒ] n. ________________________ ；vt. _______________ ；a. _______________ ； estimate [ˈɛstɪmət] vt. 估计；估价；评价；预估；n. _______________ ； accurate [ˈækjərɪt] adj. _______________ ； capitalize [ˈkæpɪtlaɪz] vt. ______________________________ ； capitalize on _______________ overestimate [ˌoʊvərˈɛstɪmeɪt] vt. _______________ ；n. _______________ ； underestimate [ˌʌndərˈɛstɪmeɪt] vt. _______________ ；n. _______________ ； cancel out _______________ ； wisdom [ˈwɪzdəm] n. _______________ ； independent [ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt] adj. _______________ ； correlated [ˈkɔːrəleɪtɪd] adj. _______________ ； accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n. _______________ ； phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən] n. _______________ ； obtain [əbˈteɪn] vt. _______________ 行； significantly [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli] adv. _______________ ； follow-up [ˈfɒləʊʌp] n. _______________ ；adj. _______________ ； dominant [ˈdɒmɪnənt] adj. _______________ ； response [rɪˈspɒns] n. _______________ ； frequently [ˈfriːkwəntli] adv. _______________ ； arguments [ˈɑːɡjumənts] n. _______________ ； reasoning [ˈriːznɪŋ] n. _______________ ； reduction [rɪˈdʌkʃn] n. _______________ ； limitation [ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn] n. _______________ ； implication [ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. _______________ ； enormous [ɪˈnɔːməs] adj _______________ ； ) 全文翻译 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿(Francis Galton)发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”的效应。他进行的估算实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计值的平均数是十分准确的。 这种效果利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同。有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。当足够多的这些误差被平均在一起时，它们就会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估算。如果人们是相似的，并且倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的估算是独立的。如果由于某种原因，人们的错误变得相关联或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降。 但是，由华金·纳瓦加斯（Joaquin Navajas）领导的一项新研究，为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折。这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。 在对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于相信那些对自己的估计最有信心的人?他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人了吗?这种情况有时会发生，但不是主要的反应。最常见的是，这些小组报告说他们“分享论点，一起推理”。不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少。尽管纳瓦加斯（Navajas）领导的研究有局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 （二） （24-25高二上·浙江·单元测试）The mysterious science of reading gestures is explained using practical explanations and clear images. Gestures are products of both genetic (遗传的) and environmental influences. Understanding our gestures is not as difficult as some people would have you believe. All human beings use them and so actually have a “built-in” ability to recognise and read it.Fingers crossed Generally this means “wishing for good luck or fortune”. Another explanation could be seen as “here’s hoping”. The gesture probably has Christian origins where the gesture was believed to get away from evil. As such, people believe that crossing the fingers when telling a lie somehow gets away from the evil of the lie. Some historians believe that crossing your fingers is a hidden or secret way of making the Christian sign of the cross a perfect way of defeating evils. As a gesture it has both good and bad meanings. Luck or lies.Waving the first finger Mothers and teachers are common users with this hand gesture. In general, it is used to warn a single person. It is a change of the “you” gesture. If translated into language it would say “Stop whatever you are doing and pay attention to me. I am your superior and I am warning you!” Classed as a “silent” parent to child gesture, it is not completely allowed in an formal occasion where it will be explained as rude. Some psychologists believe that it has a meaning of the whip. 5．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Reading gestures is secret. B．Gestures are formed in daily life. C．Some people make reading gestures difficult on purpose. D．It is hard to explain gestures by images. 6．If a Christian crosses his fingers, he wants to . A．show he isn’t lucky B．wish to succeed C．gets away from the evil of the lie D．cross the street 7．If your mum waves her first finger, she wants to . A．wish for good luck B．stop you C．praise you D．help you （三） （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）Ross Griffiths woke up one morning only to find himself unable to speak.This five-year-old boy was only two weeks ago diagnosed (诊断) with a condition so unusual that it hasn’t been named and is instead known as 15q11.2． Ross Griffiths has struggled to get back his communication skills, but has always been too shy to use his sign language away from home and school. But after seeing a video of Middlesbrough’s Cleveland Centre Father Christmas signing with three-year-old Mali Williams, Ross told his mum that he wanted to sign with Father Christmas, too. Ross and his family went to see Father Christmas yesterday, along with Mali, who was invited back for a second visit.Father Christmas set up the special second meeting with Mali where he gave her a lovely doll. As crowds of children and parents awaited the arrival of the big man at the shopping centre, Father Christmas took some time out before his duties to meet again with Mali and with Ross before going on to see all the other children. Ross’s mum Becky Lane hoped that a visit to the special Father Christmas would help Ross get over his shyness. The Father Christmas everyone believes in even learned Makaton specially for his meeting with Ross, as this is the communication method the young boy uses. “He was too frightened to use his sign language outside the house, but when he saw the video of the girl signing with Father Christmas, it showed him he didn’t have to be shy. He did really well. And he got a PacMan game as a gift. Now he’s not a shy boy any more,” Becky said. 8．According to the text, we can learn that Ross Griffiths ________． A．caught a deadly disease B．was afraid of communicating with strangers C．found it hard to learn sign language D．dreamed of becoming a Father Christmas 9．Seeing the video, Ross might feel ________． A．proud B．angry C．calm D．excited 10．What does the underlined word “Makaton” most probably refer to? A．A form of signing. B．A foreign language. C．A Christmas song. D．A kind of dance. 11．After meeting Father Christmas, we can learn that Ross ________． A．knew how to shop wisely B．wanted to go to school again C．rebuilt confidence in himself D．could speak like normal people （四） （23-24高二上·陕西咸阳·期中）Everyone “talks” with their hands at least sometimes. Some people’s hand-talking, or gesturing (手势) matches their messages well. Other people like to make gestures that can be confusing. And still others don’t use their hands much at all. No matter which group you are in, it’s important to pay attention to your hand gestures while you are communicating. And also remember hand gestures can have cultural meanings. A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal. It was my first time in Portugal, and I became immediately fond of the special pastries (糕点) that Lisbon and Portugal are known for. One morning I went into a bakery and ordered two of the pastries. I did so by holding up two fingers, similar to the “victory” or “peace” gesture in the United States. The person behind the counter put three pastries in the box. I later learned that the gesture for two would raise thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasn’t showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three. I was lucky that I didn’t get into more trouble than an extra pastry. Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude. 12．Why did the author go to Lisbon, Portugal? A．To taste pastries. B．To take a holiday. C．To attend a meeting. D．To learn Portuguese culture. 13．What does the underlined word “universal” refer to in para.3? A．Normal. B．Independent. C．Common. D．Complex. 14．What can we learn from the author’s experience? A．One should be careful when ordering food in Portugal. B．Hand gestures may have different meanings in different cultures. C．The person behind the counter understood the author’s gesture. D．The person behind the counter cheated the author. 15．The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to______. A．tell us that hand gestures are not the same worldwide B．explain the general use of gestures C．ask us to use correct hand gestures in Portugal D．share a funny story in Portugal （五） （23-24高一下·湖北·阶段练习）Mr. Smith, the professor at my business class, had a unique way of going over the answers to our weekly tests. For each question, he would ask a random student for their answer and then continue to grill (盘问追问) him/her, forcing him/her to defend that answer. It was certainly a memorable way to review. How I wished I’d been a more experienced student and got used to the professor’s grilling! I wasn’t, though. But in my anatomy (解剖学) class, Dr. Cuddy introduced “high power” and “low power” body positions, saying “high power” positions involve taking up much space and making yourself look big, while “low power” poses, in contrast, involve making yourself look small, keeping your arms and legs crossed and held close. People tend to see others with high power poses as natural leaders, and are more willing to hire them. Her research finding was that spending just two minutes standing in a high-power pose increased a person’s feeling of power and self-confidence. She wanted us to try it out. On my next quiz-review day, instead of bending over my book studying quietly, I sat up straight and spread out my books and notebooks on the entire surface of my desk. When our teacher asked if anyone had any questions about the material before we began our quiz review, I raised my hand. The effect was surprising. My professor answered my question as if talking to a colleague, and I had a wonderful feeling of calm. Suddenly, I realized that the important thing was that I was participating. I just needed to engage fully in the class and learn. Today, before a presentation or a test, I spend a few minutes “thinking big” — taking up space and being seen. It calms me down and when I do, my best always turns out to be pretty good. 16．How did the author perform in his business class? A．He was good at defending his answer. B．He had difficulty getting used to the professor. C．He did good memorization for his weekly tests. D．He felt confident to question against the teacher. 17．What did Dr. Cuddy want her students to try out? A．Keeping their arms crossed at a talk. B．Keeping their desks clean in class. C．Using low-power poses in class. D．Taking a high-power pose briefly. 18．According to the passage, which one is a low-power pose? A．Opening your arms above your head. B．Sitting with your two feet out. C．Standing upright and making a V with two fingers. D．Bending over and folding your arms. 19．What is the author’s attitude towards “thinking big”? A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. （六） （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）How to Read Candidates’ Body Language in an Interview Body language matters, especially in interviews. 20 Our posture, gestures, movements or facial expressions can shape our reputations. Learning to read body language is about understanding candidates’ motives. Reading body language during interviews can provide valuable insights into a candidate’s personality. 21 Here are some common interview body language signals that you can learn to read. Observe extreme behaviour. A candidate’s harmless action doesn’t mean they won’t fit in well at your company. But be careful about extreme behaviours, like a person constantly checking their phone. 22 You can read people’s body language by observing changes in their movements or posture. Imagine, for example, that a candidate suddenly starts tapping their foot. Maybe they feel the interview is taking too long. Or perhaps they’re facing an uncomfortable question. Connect the dots. 23 For example, people may cross their arms when they’re cold. But, when you see a candidate crossing their arms, crossing their legs and balling their fists at the same time, prepare yourself for an aggressive (咄咄逼人的) answer. Candidate experience greatly depends on an interviewer’s body language. Positive body language can make candidates relax and open up. Negative body language can spark (引发) defensive and reserved reactions. 24 A．Spot the difference. B．Ask detailed questions. C．It’s not what you say, it’s how you say it. D．They don’t necessarily act the same way all the time. E．However, understanding body language isn’t an exact science. F．You can’t always tell what a specific gesture means on its own. G．Be aware of mistakes to preserve a positive candidate experience. （七） 完形填空 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）When we communicate with other people, we often use not only words but also body language. Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 25 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize. In fact, non­verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really   26 . And body language is particularly 27 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 28 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. For example, different societies treat the 29 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 30 . People from Latin American countries, 31 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 32 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 33 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 34 — which the Latino will in return regard as 35 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 36 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 37 . But whatever the situation is, the best 38 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 39 . 25．A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 26．A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean 27．A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult 28．A．well B．far C．much D．long 29．A．trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings 30．A．strangers B．relatives C．neighbours D．enemies 31．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 32．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 33．A．closer B．faster C．in D．away 34．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 35．A．weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness 36．A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think 37．A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 38．A．chance B．time C．result D．advice 39．A．noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased （八） 语法填空 （24-25高二上·全国·课堂例题）语法填空 I used to like to go to our local cinema. It was old and rather uncomfortable, but it had character. Now they’ve stopped 40 (show) films there. The owner would like to go on 41 (run) the cinema, but he would need 42 (make) a lot of improvements, which would mean 43 (spend) tens of thousands of pounds. I remember 44 (watch) the last film at the cinema. It was a murder mystery. It was five minutes from the end, and we were trying 45 (work) out who the murderer was when suddenly all the lights went out and the film stopped. We sat in the dark for a few minutes, and then the owner appeared with a torch. “I regret 46 (tell) you,” he said, “that our electricity has failed. I don’t mean 47 (disappoint) you, but I’m afraid we can’t show you the end of the film. We’ve tried 48 (phone) the electric company, but they said they couldn’t help.” He went on 49 (explain) to the audience how the film ended. I didn’t understand the story. But I don’t regret 50 (go) to the cinema that evening. 思维素养提升 Task 1写作项目——Write a description of body language 本单元的写作项目是描述肢体语言，肢体语言是一种无声的语言，写作的关键有以下两点： 1．准确的描写：要对人的动作进行形象的描绘，以传达出动作所代表的具体含义，即先绘其“状”； 2．合理的想象：要对动作传达出的意图和情感进行解释和阐发，即再明其“意”。 写作时首先要点明其主题和目的，以便抓住读者的注意力；主体部分要有步骤地展开对主题的介绍；结尾总结时，要对主题进行概括、强调。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）假定你是李华，你的好友Peter在市电视台举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。演讲时，他从容自信，与评委、观众积极互动。他的台风给你留下了深刻印象。请用英文写一篇日记记录此事，着重描述Peter在演讲比赛时的肢体动作。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 日记的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 June 8th Sunny Much to my delight, Peter won first place in tonight's English speech contest held by our city TV station. His fantastic performance left a deep impression on everyone, including me.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The way he walked, stood and spoke was really cool, from which I benefited a lot. $$选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language（人教版2019） 人与社会：人际沟通 单元引言解读 What I hide by my language, my body utters. —Roland Barthes 释义：Body language can reveal what people are thinking. 启示：开篇页的名人名言出自法国作家、社会评论家和文学评论家罗兰·巴特。这句话的字面意思是“我的身体会说出我用言语掩饰的话”。在实际生活中，因为各种原因，言语表达并不完全真实可信的情况确实普遍存在。通过逻辑推理并观察行为表现、肢体语言甚至微表情，人们对言语表达的意思会形成更为综合的印象或者判断。因此，中文里也说“察言观色”。 名言名句积累 人与社会：人际沟通 1．Smile is the most beautiful language in the world. 微笑是世界上最美的语言。 2．A gentleman uses his tongue but not his fists. 君子动口不动手。 3．What the ear hears is false, but what the eye sees is true. 耳听为虚，眼见为实。 4．By learning body language we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields. 通过学习肢体语言，我们能够开阔我们的视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。 5．To communicate successfully, you must also learn the body language of that culture. 为了成功地交流，你还必须学习那种文化的肢体语言。 6．People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use. 来自不同文化背景的人们对彼此使用的手势很有可能产生误会。 7．Standing with one's hands on one's hips shows that a person is angry in many cultures, such as Malaysia, Argentina, and Mexico. 在马来西亚、阿根廷和墨西哥等许多文化中，双手放在臀部站立表示一个人是愤怒的。 8．Many Mexicans like to touch people on the arm.This shows that they want to be friendly. 许多墨西哥人喜欢触摸别人的手臂。这表明他们想要友好。 9．When communicating with someone from Tanzania or Kenya, do not use your left hand when giving or receiving things like a business card or gift. 当与坦桑尼亚或肯尼亚的人交流时，在赠送或接受名片或礼物等物品时，不要用左手。 10．In Vietnamese culture, the head is considered the most important part of the body. 在越南文化中，头部被认为是身体最重要的部分。 11．If a Lebanese person stands close to you, do not feel that they are entering your personal space.Personal space is relatively smaller in Lebanon and many other places.如果一个黎巴嫩人站在你身边，不要觉得他们正在进入你的私人空间。在黎巴嫩和其他许多地方，个人空间相对较小。 时文拓展阅读 Is watching sports good for your well-being? If you're a sports fan, you may be familiar with the emotional roller-coaster that comes with sports spectatorship. Whether you're part of a buzzing crowd in a stadium, or just watching at home on TV, it's easy to get caught up in the highs and the lows when you celebrate or commiserate with your favourite team or athlete. Those feelings are so strong, in fact, that a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, showed that the emotional stress during a football match increased the risk of a cardiovascular incident. But can watching sports be good for you too? The evidence suggests that people who watch live sporting events experience greater wellbeing than those who don't. A study published in Frontiers in Public Health by the Anglia Ruskin University in the UK, found sports spectators felt less lonely and had higher scores for life satisfaction. Lead author Helen Keys said in a press release, "watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to forge group identity and belonging." She says this then reduces loneliness and boosts wellbeing. But, if for any reason you aren't keen on going to live events, don't worry! Watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects, according to a 2021 study by Tsuji and colleagues. They found that older adults who watched sports were less likely to have depressive symptoms than those who didn't. On top of that, the sports spectators tended to have richer social networks than non-spectators. The authors suggest that the social networks you gain through watching sports may lower the risk of depressive symptoms. So, the cheers at a live sports event or even casual chit-chat with friends about your favourite team can bring a sense of camaraderie and may reduce loneliness and depression. It seems the health benefits of sports are not limited to physical activity through participation in them, but that we can make gains in our general well--being through social bonding. 【译文欣赏】 观看体育比赛对身心健康有利吗？ 如果你是一个体育迷，你可能熟悉体育观众带来的情绪过山车。无论你是体育场里热闹的人群中的一员，还是只是在家里看电视，当你庆祝或同情你最喜欢的球队或运动员时，都很容易陷入高潮和低谷。事实上，这些感觉是如此强烈，以至于克罗地亚发表在PubMed上的一项研究表明，足球比赛期间的情绪压力增加了心血管事件的风险。但是看体育比赛对你也有好处吗？ 证据表明，观看现场体育赛事的人比不观看的人更幸福。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学在《公共卫生前沿》上发表的一项研究发现，体育观众感到不那么孤独，生活满意度得分更高。主要作者海伦·凯斯在一份新闻稿中说：“观看各种类型的现场体育比赛为社交互动提供了许多机会，这有助于塑造群体认同和归属感。”她说，这可以减少孤独感，提高幸福感。 但是，如果出于任何原因，你不想参加现场活动，别担心！根据Tsuji及其同事2021年的一项研究，在电视或互联网上观看体育比赛也可能产生积极影响。他们发现，观看体育比赛的老年人比不观看体育比赛者更不容易出现抑郁症状。除此之外，体育观众往往比非观众拥有更丰富的社交网络。作者认为，通过观看体育比赛获得的社交网络可能会降低抑郁症状的风险。 因此，在现场体育赛事中的欢呼声，甚至与朋友闲聊你最喜欢的球队，都可以带来一种同志情谊，并可能减少孤独和抑郁。体育运动对健康的益处似乎不仅限于通过参与体育活动来获得身体活动，而且我们可以通过社会联系来提高我们的整体幸福感。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 emotional roller-coaster 情绪上的剧烈起伏 spectatorship 观看 buzzing crowd 熙熙攘攘的人群 commiserate 为……惋惜、遗憾 cardiovascular 心血管的 Well-being 身心健康，幸福感 spectator 观众 forge 形成 belonging 归属感 depressive symptom 抑郁症状 social network 社交网络 cheer 欢呼声 chit-chat 闲聊 camaraderie 情谊、友谊 social bonding 社会纽带，社交联系 【知识拓展】 人们在工作学习之余，欣赏体育表演和比赛还能陶冶情操，得到积极性的休息。运动员尽善尽美的表演，健、力、美和谐的统一，鲜明的节奏，默契的配合，表现出诗的情感，艺术的造型，给人以美的享受，从而忘掉忧愁和烦恼，有效地调整失去平衡的心理，改善人的心理和情绪，使人朝气蓬勃，充满活力，增进健康。人们在欣赏体育比赛的过程中可以看到运动员之间、运动员和裁判员之间、观众和运动员之间发生着频繁而激烈的思想感情或行为上的交流。从中看到个人与集体的关系、人与人之间的合作精神、谅解精神、相互鼓励的精神。在激烈的竞争中，还有严格的规则，受到诚实、守纪律和严密组织纪律性和熏陶。因此，体育欣赏能培养人们团结使用的精神，豁达合群的性格、愉快乐观的情绪。 【词汇延伸】 get caught up陷入困境被卷入，卷入到 emotional stress精神压力 综合实战演练 （一） （2023高三·全国卷真题·专题练习）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 1．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A．The methods of estimation. B．The underlying logic of the effect. C．The causes of people’s errors. D．The design of Galton’s experiment. 2．Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________. A．the crowds were relatively small B．there were occasional underestimates C．individuals did not communicate D．estimates were not fully independent 3．What did the follow-up study focus on? A．The size of the groups. B．The dominant members. C．The discussion process. D．The individual estimates. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. (从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的)”和第三段的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. (这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. (尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。 ( 阅读理解推理判断题命题规律探究 一、推理判断题解题三步曲 1．定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。 2．字面理解：理解相关信息点字面意义。 3．深层理解：进而理解作者的言外之意。 二、推理判断题干扰项特征 1. 似是而非：只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论。 2. 夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断。 3. 推理过度：选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现only, all等词语。 4. 掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。 三、推理判断题五大解题技巧 1．抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住关键词或短语利用逆向思维或正面推理。 2．整合全文(段)信息进行推断。整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断定结论。 3．利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。考虑主人公特定心理和情绪状态褒贬性来推断。 4．根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者思想倾向和感情色彩隐含在字里行间。 5．根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。严格根据文章中所陈述的事实论点例证来推理。 ) ( 1. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. a paper 后带定语从句  what从句充当illustrate 的宾语从句 翻译： 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿 发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为 “群体智慧”效应。 The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.  the experiment 后面接定语从句，he conducted ， show that 接宾语从句 翻译： 他所做的估计实验表明，在一些 在大量独立估计的情况下，取平均值可能相当准确。 The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.was that 为表语从句， 表语从句里面带一个由when 引导条件状语从句，groups 后面带定语从句，  翻译：这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的小组进行讨论时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。 For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.两个average 后面都带obtained 的过去分词做定语 翻译：例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。 Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.although为让步状语从句， studies 后面带led 过去分词做定语 翻译：尽管Navajas领导的研究存在局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 ) ( statistician [stəˈtɪʃən] n. 统计学家；统计员；数据处理专家； illustrated [ˈɪləstreɪtɪd] adj. 插图的；用插图装饰的；举例说明的；图解的； estimation [ˌɛstɪˈmeɪʃən] n. 估计；评估；尊重；看法； average [ˈævərɪdʒ] n. 平均数；平均水平；平均成绩；vt. 求平均数；a. 平均的；普通的； estimate [ˈɛstɪmət] vt. 估计；估价；评价；预估；n. 估计；预算；评价； accurate [ˈækjərɪt] adj. 准确的；精确的；正确无误的； capitalize [ˈkæpɪtlaɪz] vt. 大写；资本化；把…计入资本； capitalize on 充分利用 overestimate [ˌoʊvərˈɛstɪmeɪt] vt. 对…评价过高；高估；n. 过高的估计；高估； underestimate [ˌʌndərˈɛstɪmeɪt] vt. 低估；看轻；对…估计不足；n. 低估；看轻； cancel out 抵消；相互抵消； wisdom [ˈwɪzdəm] n. 智慧，明智； independent [ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt] adj. 独立的；自主的；无偏见的； correlated [ˈkɔːrəleɪtɪd] adj. 有关联的；相互关联的； accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n. 准确性；精确度；准确度； phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən] n. 现象；非凡的人或事； obtain [əbˈteɪn] vt. 获得；得到；流行； significantly [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli] adv. 显著地；重要地； follow-up [ˈfɒləʊʌp] n. 后续；后续行动；跟踪；adj. 后续的；跟踪的； dominant [ˈdɒmɪnənt] adj. 占优势的；支配的；显性的； response [rɪˈspɒns] n. 回答；反应；响应； frequently [ˈfriːkwəntli] adv. 经常地；频繁地； arguments [ˈɑːɡjumənts] n. 论点；争论；理由； reasoning [ˈriːznɪŋ] n. 推理；推论；论证； reduction [rɪˈdʌkʃn] n. 减少；缩减；降低； limitation [ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn] n. 限制；限制因素；局限性； implication [ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 含义；暗示；影响； enormous [ɪˈnɔːməs] adj. 巨大的；庞大的；极大的； ) 全文翻译 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿(Francis Galton)发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”的效应。他进行的估算实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计值的平均数是十分准确的。 这种效果利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同。有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。当足够多的这些误差被平均在一起时，它们就会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估算。如果人们是相似的，并且倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的估算是独立的。如果由于某种原因，人们的错误变得相关联或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降。 但是，由华金·纳瓦加斯（Joaquin Navajas）领导的一项新研究，为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折。这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。 在对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于相信那些对自己的估计最有信心的人?他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人了吗?这种情况有时会发生，但不是主要的反应。最常见的是，这些小组报告说他们“分享论点，一起推理”。不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少。尽管纳瓦加斯（Navajas）领导的研究有局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 （二） （24-25高二上·浙江·单元测试）The mysterious science of reading gestures is explained using practical explanations and clear images. Gestures are products of both genetic (遗传的) and environmental influences. Understanding our gestures is not as difficult as some people would have you believe. All human beings use them and so actually have a “built-in” ability to recognise and read it.Fingers crossed Generally this means “wishing for good luck or fortune”. Another explanation could be seen as “here’s hoping”. The gesture probably has Christian origins where the gesture was believed to get away from evil. As such, people believe that crossing the fingers when telling a lie somehow gets away from the evil of the lie. Some historians believe that crossing your fingers is a hidden or secret way of making the Christian sign of the cross a perfect way of defeating evils. As a gesture it has both good and bad meanings. Luck or lies.Waving the first finger Mothers and teachers are common users with this hand gesture. In general, it is used to warn a single person. It is a change of the “you” gesture. If translated into language it would say “Stop whatever you are doing and pay attention to me. I am your superior and I am warning you!” Classed as a “silent” parent to child gesture, it is not completely allowed in an formal occasion where it will be explained as rude. Some psychologists believe that it has a meaning of the whip. 5．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Reading gestures is secret. B．Gestures are formed in daily life. C．Some people make reading gestures difficult on purpose. D．It is hard to explain gestures by images. 6．If a Christian crosses his fingers, he wants to . A．show he isn’t lucky B．wish to succeed C．gets away from the evil of the lie D．cross the street 7．If your mum waves her first finger, she wants to . A．wish for good luck B．stop you C．praise you D．help you 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B 【导语】文是一篇说明文。文章主要对人类的两种手势进行了详细说明。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Understanding our gestures is not as difficult as some people would have you believe.(理解我们的手势并不像有些人想让你相信的那么难)”可推知，有些人故意使阅读手势困难。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“As such, people believe that crossing the fingers when telling a lie somehow gets away from the evil of the lie.(因此，人们相信在说谎时交叉手指以某种方式摆脱了谎言的邪恶)”可知，一名基督徒交叉手指的意思是避免谎言的邪恶。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If translated into language, it would say “Stop whatever you are doing and pay attention to me. I am your superior and I am warning you!”(如果翻译成语言，它会说：“停止你正在做的任何事情，注意我。我是你的上级，我警告你!”)”可知， 妈妈摇晃她的第一个手指的目的是阻止你。故选B。 （三） （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）Ross Griffiths woke up one morning only to find himself unable to speak.This five-year-old boy was only two weeks ago diagnosed (诊断) with a condition so unusual that it hasn’t been named and is instead known as 15q11.2． Ross Griffiths has struggled to get back his communication skills, but has always been too shy to use his sign language away from home and school. But after seeing a video of Middlesbrough’s Cleveland Centre Father Christmas signing with three-year-old Mali Williams, Ross told his mum that he wanted to sign with Father Christmas, too. Ross and his family went to see Father Christmas yesterday, along with Mali, who was invited back for a second visit.Father Christmas set up the special second meeting with Mali where he gave her a lovely doll. As crowds of children and parents awaited the arrival of the big man at the shopping centre, Father Christmas took some time out before his duties to meet again with Mali and with Ross before going on to see all the other children. Ross’s mum Becky Lane hoped that a visit to the special Father Christmas would help Ross get over his shyness. The Father Christmas everyone believes in even learned Makaton specially for his meeting with Ross, as this is the communication method the young boy uses. “He was too frightened to use his sign language outside the house, but when he saw the video of the girl signing with Father Christmas, it showed him he didn’t have to be shy. He did really well. And he got a PacMan game as a gift. Now he’s not a shy boy any more,” Becky said. 8．According to the text, we can learn that Ross Griffiths ________． A．caught a deadly disease B．was afraid of communicating with strangers C．found it hard to learn sign language D．dreamed of becoming a Father Christmas 9．Seeing the video, Ross might feel ________． A．proud B．angry C．calm D．excited 10．What does the underlined word “Makaton” most probably refer to? A．A form of signing. B．A foreign language. C．A Christmas song. D．A kind of dance. 11．After meeting Father Christmas, we can learn that Ross ________． A．knew how to shop wisely B．wanted to go to school again C．rebuilt confidence in himself D．could speak like normal people 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 【导语】这篇文章是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫罗斯·格里菲斯的五岁男孩，因为一种罕见的疾病而失去了说话能力。通过与圣诞老人的特殊交流经历，罗斯克服了害羞，学会了使用手语进行交流，从而重建了自信。 8．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Ross Griffiths..has always been too shy to use his signlanguage away firom home and school.（罗斯·格里菲斯一直太害羞，以至于不敢在家庭和学校之外的地方使用他的手语。）”可知，Ross Grifths 害怕和陌生人交流。故选B。 9．推理判断题。由第二段中的“But after seeing a video ... Ross told his mum that hewanted to sign with Father Christmas，too.（但在看了一段视频之后，罗斯告诉他的妈妈，他也想和圣诞老人一起用手语交流。）”可知，Ross 看到那个视频时应该感到很兴奋，所以他也很想和圣诞老人用手语对话。故选D。 10．词句猜测题。由该词后的“this is the communication method the young boy uses（这是这个年轻男孩使用的交流方法。）”可知，Makaton是指一种手势语。故选A。 11．推理判断题。由最后一段中Becky所说的“Nowhe'snot ashy boy any more（现在他不再是一个害羞的男孩了。）”可知Ross 在见过圣诞老人后找回了自信心。故选C。 （四） （23-24高二上·陕西咸阳·期中）Everyone “talks” with their hands at least sometimes. Some people’s hand-talking, or gesturing (手势) matches their messages well. Other people like to make gestures that can be confusing. And still others don’t use their hands much at all. No matter which group you are in, it’s important to pay attention to your hand gestures while you are communicating. And also remember hand gestures can have cultural meanings. A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal. It was my first time in Portugal, and I became immediately fond of the special pastries (糕点) that Lisbon and Portugal are known for. One morning I went into a bakery and ordered two of the pastries. I did so by holding up two fingers, similar to the “victory” or “peace” gesture in the United States. The person behind the counter put three pastries in the box. I later learned that the gesture for two would raise thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasn’t showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three. I was lucky that I didn’t get into more trouble than an extra pastry. Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude. 12．Why did the author go to Lisbon, Portugal? A．To taste pastries. B．To take a holiday. C．To attend a meeting. D．To learn Portuguese culture. 13．What does the underlined word “universal” refer to in para.3? A．Normal. B．Independent. C．Common. D．Complex. 14．What can we learn from the author’s experience? A．One should be careful when ordering food in Portugal. B．Hand gestures may have different meanings in different cultures. C．The person behind the counter understood the author’s gesture. D．The person behind the counter cheated the author. 15．The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to______. A．tell us that hand gestures are not the same worldwide B．explain the general use of gestures C．ask us to use correct hand gestures in Portugal D．share a funny story in Portugal 【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了手势在不同文化中的含义差异，并通过个人经历强调了了解并注意使用手势的重要性。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal.(几年前，我是葡萄牙里斯本一个会议的演讲者)”可知，作者是为了开会才去葡萄牙的里斯本的。故选C项。 13．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude.(在一个你不熟悉的国家说话之前，做一些调查，看看哪些手势可能会被误解，根本不被理解或是粗鲁的)”可知，不同的国家里对手势的理解可能是不同的，许多手势并不是通用的。由此可知，划线词universal与common(通用的)意思接近。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I later learned that the gesture for two would raise thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasn’t showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three.(后来我知道，两个的手势是竖起拇指和食指。尽管我的拇指没有显示出来，柜台后面的人认为我是在发出要三个的信号)”及第三段中“Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude.(在一个你不熟悉的国家说话之前，做一些调查，看看哪些手势可能会被误解，根本不被理解或是粗鲁的)”可知，葡萄牙的手势的意义和作者的是不同的，手势在不同的文化中可能有不同的含义。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude.(许多手势并不是全球通用的。在一个你不熟悉的国家说话之前，做一些调查，看看哪些手势可能会被误解，根本不被理解或是粗鲁的)”可知，不同的国家里对手势的理解可能是不同的，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是告诉我们，手势在世界各地并非都相同。故选A项。 （五） （23-24高一下·湖北·阶段练习）Mr. Smith, the professor at my business class, had a unique way of going over the answers to our weekly tests. For each question, he would ask a random student for their answer and then continue to grill (盘问追问) him/her, forcing him/her to defend that answer. It was certainly a memorable way to review. How I wished I’d been a more experienced student and got used to the professor’s grilling! I wasn’t, though. But in my anatomy (解剖学) class, Dr. Cuddy introduced “high power” and “low power” body positions, saying “high power” positions involve taking up much space and making yourself look big, while “low power” poses, in contrast, involve making yourself look small, keeping your arms and legs crossed and held close. People tend to see others with high power poses as natural leaders, and are more willing to hire them. Her research finding was that spending just two minutes standing in a high-power pose increased a person’s feeling of power and self-confidence. She wanted us to try it out. On my next quiz-review day, instead of bending over my book studying quietly, I sat up straight and spread out my books and notebooks on the entire surface of my desk. When our teacher asked if anyone had any questions about the material before we began our quiz review, I raised my hand. The effect was surprising. My professor answered my question as if talking to a colleague, and I had a wonderful feeling of calm. Suddenly, I realized that the important thing was that I was participating. I just needed to engage fully in the class and learn. Today, before a presentation or a test, I spend a few minutes “thinking big” — taking up space and being seen. It calms me down and when I do, my best always turns out to be pretty good. 16．How did the author perform in his business class? A．He was good at defending his answer. B．He had difficulty getting used to the professor. C．He did good memorization for his weekly tests. D．He felt confident to question against the teacher. 17．What did Dr. Cuddy want her students to try out? A．Keeping their arms crossed at a talk. B．Keeping their desks clean in class. C．Using low-power poses in class. D．Taking a high-power pose briefly. 18．According to the passage, which one is a low-power pose? A．Opening your arms above your head. B．Sitting with your two feet out. C．Standing upright and making a V with two fingers. D．Bending over and folding your arms. 19．What is the author’s attitude towards “thinking big”? A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．D 19．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在商业课程中的经历，以及他如何通过采用高能量姿势来提高自己的自信心和参与度。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“How I wished I’d been a more experienced student and got used to the professor’s grilling! I wasn’t, though. (我多么希望自己是一个更有经验的学生，并习惯教授的盘问！不过我没有)”可知，作者不适应史密斯先生的盘问方法。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her research finding was that spending just two minutes standing in a high power pose increased a person’s feeling of power and self-confidence. She wanted us to try it out. (她的研究发现，只需花两分钟的时间以高权力的姿势站立，就能增强一个人的力量感和自信。她想让我们试一试)”可知，Cuddy想让学生们试一试高权力的姿势站立。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“while “low power” poses, in contrast, involve making yourself look small, keeping your arms and legs crossed and held close.(相比之下，“低能量”姿势涉及到让自己看起来小，保持你的手臂和腿交叉并靠近)”可推知，低能量姿势包括弯腰和交叉双臂。故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据“Today, before a presentation or a test, I spend a few minutes “thinking big” — taking up space and being seen. It calms me down and when I do, my best always turns out to be pretty good. (今天，在演讲或考试之前，我会花几分钟“大显身手”——占据空间并被人看到。它让我平静下来，当我这样做的时候，我的最佳状态总是很好)”可知，作者从thinking big中受益匪浅。由此推知，作者对“thinking big”持赞成态度。故选A。 （六） （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）How to Read Candidates’ Body Language in an Interview Body language matters, especially in interviews. 20 Our posture, gestures, movements or facial expressions can shape our reputations. Learning to read body language is about understanding candidates’ motives. Reading body language during interviews can provide valuable insights into a candidate’s personality. 21 Here are some common interview body language signals that you can learn to read. Observe extreme behaviour. A candidate’s harmless action doesn’t mean they won’t fit in well at your company. But be careful about extreme behaviours, like a person constantly checking their phone. 22 You can read people’s body language by observing changes in their movements or posture. Imagine, for example, that a candidate suddenly starts tapping their foot. Maybe they feel the interview is taking too long. Or perhaps they’re facing an uncomfortable question. Connect the dots. 23 For example, people may cross their arms when they’re cold. But, when you see a candidate crossing their arms, crossing their legs and balling their fists at the same time, prepare yourself for an aggressive (咄咄逼人的) answer. Candidate experience greatly depends on an interviewer’s body language. Positive body language can make candidates relax and open up. Negative body language can spark (引发) defensive and reserved reactions. 24 A．Spot the difference. B．Ask detailed questions. C．It’s not what you say, it’s how you say it. D．They don’t necessarily act the same way all the time. E．However, understanding body language isn’t an exact science. F．You can’t always tell what a specific gesture means on its own. G．Be aware of mistakes to preserve a positive candidate experience. 【答案】20．C 21．E 22．A 23．F 24．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言很重要，尤其是在面试中。我们的姿势、手势、动作或面部表情会影响我们的声誉。本文从不同方面就如何在面试时读懂对方的肢体语言给我们一些指导。 20．根据上文“Body language matters, especially in interviews.”（肢体语言很重要，尤其是在面试中。）可知，选项承接上文，继续说明肢体语言的重要性。故C选项“重要的不是你说什么，而是你怎么说”切题。how you say it呼应Body language matters。故选C项。 21．根据上文“Reading body language during interviews can provide valuable insights into a candidate’s personality.”（通过阅读面试中的肢体语言，可以对求职者的性格有很有价值的了解。）以及下文“Here are some common interview body language signals that you can learn to read.”（以下是一些常见的面试肢体语言信号，你可以学习阅读。）可知，上文谈到在面试中读懂肢体语言可以对候选人的个性提供有价值的见解。也就是说在面试中读懂肢体语言的益处，然后接下来谈到“以下是一些你可以学会读懂的常见的面试肢体语言信号。”故可知E项“然而，理解肢体语言并不是一门精确的科学”切题，说明它是可以学会读懂的。故选E项。 22．根据下文“You can read people’s body language by observing changes in their movements or posture.”（你可以通过观察人们动作或姿势的变化来解读他们的肢体语言）可知，本段主要在说要发现不同点。故A选项“发现不同点”切题，为本段的小标题。故选A项。 23．根据下文“For example, people may cross their arms when they’re cold. But, when you see a candidate crossing their arms, crossing their legs and balling their fists at the same time, prepare yourself for an aggressive（咄咄逼人的） answer.”（例如，人们冷的时候可能会交叉双臂。但是，当你看到应聘者同时交叉双臂、跷二郎腿和握拳时，你就要准备好接受一个咄咄逼人的回答了。）可知，一个具体的动作可能表达不同的意思，所以你不能总是分辨出一个特定的手势本身的意思。故F选项“你不能总是分辨出一个特定的手势本身的意思”切题。承接下文。故选F项。 24．根据上文“Positive body language can make candidates relax and open up. Negative body language can spark（引发）defensive and reserved reactions.”（积极的肢体语言可以让应试者放松并敞开心扉。消极的肢体语言会引发防御和矜持的反应。）可知，选项总结上文，说明怎么样做到成为合格的候选人。故G选项“要注意错误，以保持积极的候选人体验”切题。故选G项。 （七） 完形填空 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）When we communicate with other people, we often use not only words but also body language. Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 25 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize. In fact, non­verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really   26 . And body language is particularly 27 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 28 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. For example, different societies treat the 29 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 30 . People from Latin American countries, 31 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 32 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 33 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 34 — which the Latino will in return regard as 35 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 36 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 37 . But whatever the situation is, the best 38 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 39 . 25．A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 26．A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean 27．A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult 28．A．well B．far C．much D．long 29．A．trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings 30．A．strangers B．relatives C．neighbours D．enemies 31．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 32．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 33．A．closer B．faster C．in D．away 34．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 35．A．weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness 36．A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think 37．A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 38．A．chance B．time C．result D．advice 39．A．noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased 【答案】 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了肢体语言的重要性和在不同文化中的差异性。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它胜于言语。A. straighter更笔直地；B. louder更响亮地；C. harder更努力地；D. further更远地。根据空前的“speaks”和空后的“than words”可知，这里指肢体语言在表达意思时比言语更响亮，是actions speaks louder than words(行动胜于言语)的变形。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，非言语交流约占我们真正意思的50%。A. hope希望；B. receive接收；C. discover发现；D. mean意思是说，打算。根据上文中的“our bodies send out more messages”和空前的“non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really”可知，身体能够释放更多的信息，非言语交流约占我们真正意思的50%。故选D。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们试图跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。A. immediate立即的；B. misleading误导的；C. important重要的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文中的“Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all!(肢体语言是最安静、最隐秘、最有力的语言！)”可知，肢体语言是最有力的语言，在跨文化交流中尤其重要。故选C。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，所谓的肢体语言很大程度上是我们的一部分，它实际上经常被忽视。A. well好；B. far远；C. much非常；D. long长久地。空处修饰名词短语“a part of us”，表示程度，指的是我们的肢体语言很大程度上属于身体的一部分。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，不同的社会对人与人之间的距离有不同的方式。A. trade交易；B. distance距离；C. connections联系；D. greetings欢迎。根据下文中的“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 　　6　　. People from Latin American countries, 　　7　　, touch each other quite a lot.”可知，下文举了北欧人和拉丁美洲人对待人与人之间距离的不同方式，所以这里是说不同的社会对待人与人之间的距离有所不同。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：北欧人通常不喜欢与朋友进行身体接触，当然也不喜欢与陌生人进行身体接触。A. strangers陌生人；B. relatives亲戚；C. neighbours邻居；D. enemies敌人。根据句中的“do not like having bodily contact even with friends”可知，北欧人不喜欢和朋友有身体接触，这里进一步说也不喜欢和陌生人有身体接触。故选A。 31．考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，拉丁美洲国家的人们经常互相接触。A. in other words换句话说；B. on the other hand另一方面；C. in a similar way用相似的方式；D. by all means当然行。前面“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 　　6　　.”讲述了北欧人不喜欢身体接触，后面讲了拉丁美洲人喜欢身体接触，这里是两个不同的方面。故选B。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在谈话中，可能看起来像是一个拉丁美洲人在整个房间里跟着一个挪威人。A. disturbing打扰；B. helping帮助；C. guiding指导；D. following跟随。根据下文“The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 　　9　　. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 　　10　　 — which the Latino will in return regard as 　　11　　.”可知，在房间里，拉丁美洲人试图接近挪威人，而挪威人则不停地避开，看起来好像是一个拉丁美洲人在整个房间里跟着一个挪威人。故选D。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：试图表达友谊的拉丁裔人将不停地靠近。A. closer更近地；B. faster更快地；C. in在里面；D. away离开。根据上文中的“People from Latin American countries, 　　7　　, touch each other quite a lot.”可知，拉丁美洲人喜欢身体接触，所以为了表示友谊，会不断地接近挪威人。故选A。 34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：挪威人很可能认为这是咄咄逼人，会不停地退缩——而拉丁美洲人则认为这是冷漠。A. stepping forward主动站出来；B. going on发生，继续；C. backing away躲避；D. coming out出来。根据上文中的“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 　　6　　.”可知，北欧人不喜欢身体接触，所以面对拉丁美洲人的靠近，他会不断地回避。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. weakness虚弱；B. carelessness粗心；C. friendliness友好；D. coldness冷漠。根据上文中的“The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 　　9　　.”可知，拉丁美洲人表示友好的方式是接近对方，所以面对挪威人的躲避，他会认为这是冷漠行为。故选D。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，当人们说话时，会发生很多事情。A. talk谈话；B. travel旅行；C. laugh笑；D. think思考。根据下文中的“And only a part of it is in the words themselves.(其中只有一部分是在言语本身之中。)”可知，这里指在人们交流的时候。故选A。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当群体来自不同的文化时，很有可能产生误解。A. curiosity好奇心；B. excitement兴奋；C. misunderstanding误解；D. nervousness紧张。根据句中的“parties are from different cultures”可知，当人们来自不同的文化时，由于肢体语言不同，所以很可能发生误解。故选C。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但无论情况如何，最好的建议是遵守黄金法则：像你想被对待的那样对待别人。A. chance机会；B. time时间；C. result结果；D. advice建议。根据冒号后的“treat others as you would like to be 　　15　　”可知，这里是给人们提出如何交流的建议。故选D。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. noticed注意到；B. treated对待；C. respected尊重；D. pleased使高兴。根据空前的“treat others as you would like to be”可知，这里指像你想被对待的那样对待别人。故选B。 （八） 语法填空 （24-25高二上·全国·课堂例题）语法填空 I used to like to go to our local cinema. It was old and rather uncomfortable, but it had character. Now they’ve stopped 40 (show) films there. The owner would like to go on 41 (run) the cinema, but he would need 42 (make) a lot of improvements, which would mean 43 (spend) tens of thousands of pounds. I remember 44 (watch) the last film at the cinema. It was a murder mystery. It was five minutes from the end, and we were trying 45 (work) out who the murderer was when suddenly all the lights went out and the film stopped. We sat in the dark for a few minutes, and then the owner appeared with a torch. “I regret 46 (tell) you,” he said, “that our electricity has failed. I don’t mean 47 (disappoint) you, but I’m afraid we can’t show you the end of the film. We’ve tried 48 (phone) the electric company, but they said they couldn’t help.” He went on 49 (explain) to the audience how the film ended. I didn’t understand the story. But I don’t regret 50 (go) to the cinema that evening. 【答案】 40．showing 41．running 42．to make 43．spending 44．watching 45．to work 46．to tell 47．to disappoint 48．phoning 49．to explain 50．going 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，描述了作者在当地电影院的最后一次观影经历。 40．考查动名词。句意：现在他们已经停止在那里放映电影了。本空用动名词 showing “放映”，作为介词 stopped 的宾语，构成短语“stop doing sth”，意为“停止做某事”。故填 showing。 41．考查动名词。句意：电影院的所有者想继续经营这家电影院，但他需要进行许多改进，这将意味着要花费数万英镑。本空用动名词running“经营”，作为短语go on的宾语，构成短语“go on doing sth（同一件事）”，意为“继续做某事”。故填 running。 42．考查不定式。句意同上。本空用不定式to make“进行”，作为动词need的宾语，构成短语“need to do sth”，意为“需要做某事”。故填 to make。 43．考查动名词。句意同上。本空用动名词spending“花费”，作为动词mean的宾语，构成短语“mean doing sth”，意为“意味着做某事”。故填 spending。 44．考查动名词。句意：我记得在电影院看最后一场电影。本空用动名词watching“观看”，作为动词remember的宾语，构成短语“remember doing sth”，意为“记得做过某事”。故填 watching。 45．考查不定式。句意：我们正尽力弄清楚凶手是谁，突然所有的灯都熄灭了，电影也停了下来。本空用不定式to work作为动词try的宾语，构成短语“try to do sth”，意为“尽力做某事”。故填 to work。 46．考查不定式。句意：“我很遗憾地告诉你。”本空用不定式to tell“告诉”，作为动词regret的宾语，构成短语“regret to do sth”，意为“很遗憾地做某事”。故填 to tell。 47．考查不定式。句意：我不是想让你失望，但是恐怕我们不能给你看电影的结尾了。本空用不定式to disappoint“使失望”，作为动词mean的宾语，构成短语“mean to do sth”，意为“打算做某事”。故填 to disappoint。 48．考查动名词。句意：我们已经尝试联系电力公司，但他们说他们无能为力。。本空用动名词phoning“打电话联系”，作为动词try的宾语，构成短语“try doing sth”，意为“尝试做某事”。故填 phoning。 49．考查不定式。句意：他继续向观众解释电影是如何结束的。本空用不定式to explain“解释”，作为动词go on的宾语，构成短语“go on to do sth”，意为“继续做某事（另一件事）”。故填 to explain。 50．考查动名词。句意：但我不后悔那天晚上去了电影院。本空用动名词going“去”，作为动词regret的宾语，构成短语“regret doing sth”，意为“后悔做过某事”。故填 going。 思维素养提升 Task 1写作项目——Write a description of body language 本单元的写作项目是描述肢体语言，肢体语言是一种无声的语言，写作的关键有以下两点： 1．准确的描写：要对人的动作进行形象的描绘，以传达出动作所代表的具体含义，即先绘其“状”； 2．合理的想象：要对动作传达出的意图和情感进行解释和阐发，即再明其“意”。 写作时首先要点明其主题和目的，以便抓住读者的注意力；主体部分要有步骤地展开对主题的介绍；结尾总结时，要对主题进行概括、强调。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）假定你是李华，你的好友Peter在市电视台举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。演讲时，他从容自信，与评委、观众积极互动。他的台风给你留下了深刻印象。请用英文写一篇日记记录此事，着重描述Peter在演讲比赛时的肢体动作。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 日记的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 June 8th Sunny Much to my delight, Peter won first place in tonight's English speech contest held by our city TV station. His fantastic performance left a deep impression on everyone, including me.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The way he walked, stood and spoke was really cool, from which I benefited a lot. 【答案】参考范文： June 8thSunny Much to my delight, Peter won first place in tonight's English speech contest held by our city TV station. His fantastic performance left a deep impression on everyone, including me. When it was Peter’s turn to deliver his speech, he took firm steps to the microphone with a big smile on his face. Before beginning his speech, he bowed low to the audience. Then he expressed his ideas in a clear and convincing way, which appealed to us. In the interactions with the judges, he leaned forward and maintained eye contact, displaying great interest and confidence. When given a storm of applause at the end of the speech, he bowed gracefully to express his thanks. He smiled broadly and waved his hands, his eyes shining like diamonds. The way he walked, stood and spoke was really cool, from which I benefited a lot. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英文写一篇日记记录好友Peter在市电视台举办的英语演讲比赛中的表现，着重描述Peter在演讲比赛时的肢体动作。 【详解】1.词汇积累 留下深深的印象：leave a deep impression on→be deeply impressed on 想法：idea→thought 令人信服的：convincing→persuasive 保持：maintain→keep 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Before beginning his speech, he bowed low to the audience. 拓展句：Before he began his speech, Peter bowed low to the audience. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Then he expressed his ideas in a clear and convincing way, which appealed to us. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】In the interactions with the judges, he leaned forward and maintained eye contact, displaying great interest and confidence.（运用了现在分词作状语） $$