内容正文:
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Unit1
核心话题
从外貌特征、个性特点等方面来描述人物
重点词汇
1. 支持n. 15. 到达vt.
2. 多彩的adj. 16. 中场休息n.
3. 希望n. 17. 幸好,幸运的是 adv.
4. 意思n. 18. 独立地,独自
5. 味道,品味n. 19. 免费的adj.
6. 进行,发生 20. 决赛n.
7. 欢呼声,喝彩声n. 21. 费用,价钱n.
8. 兴高采烈的adj. 22. 休息,歇息vi.
9. 无用的adj. 23. 网络n.
10. 有用的,有益的adj. 24. 广场n.
11. 无助的adj. 25. 登山者n.
12. 留着,不退换vt. 26. 旅行,旅程 n.
13. 上车 27. 最后adv.
14. 票,入场券n. 28. 文化n.
重点短语
1.喜欢做某事____________________
2.只要_________________________
3.学生助手 _____________________
4.更多帮助某人___________________
5.在(某方面)有天赋________________
6.与......不同 ___________________
7.感动某人的心扉_________________
8.确切地说; 事实上; 实际________________
9.英语学习中心__________________
10.和……相同; 与……_________________
11.A和B(两者)都 ____________________
12.与……相像的、类似的________________
13.最重要的事情 __________________
14.帮助某人做某事__________________
15.取得更好的成绩 ___________________
16.歌唱比赛 _____________________
17.很多信息/更多信息__________________
18.我最喜欢的格言 ____________________
19.使/让某人做某事____________________
20.使显现; 使表现出___________________
重点句型
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister.
2. Tara works as hard as Tina.
3. Who’s more hard-working at school?
4. Tina thinks she works harder than me.
5. A good friend makes me laugh.
6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
7. My best friend is similar to Larry.
语法
形容词和副词的比较级
写作
如何描写人物的个性特征以运用比较级表达不同特征
考点1 both意为"两个;两个都"
[教材原句] 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.(P17)
(1)both意为"两个;两个都",常见用法如下:
●作代词,指代上文提到的复数名词或代词。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
●作形容词,修饰复数名词,且名词前可有定冠词、限定词、名词所有格等修饰。
Both of them like playing guitar. 他们俩都喜欢弹吉他。
Both of them are Chinese. 他俩都是中国人。
The prospects both excited and worried me. 这前景使我既激动又忧虑。
Both students like English. 两个学生都喜欢英语。
【易混辨析】
both
用于两者,表示"两者都"
作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
Both plans are good. 两个计划都很好。
all
用于三者或三者以上,表示"都"
作主语,笼统地表示所有人时,谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时,谓语动词通常用单数形式
All teachers like to go there. 所有的老师都喜欢去那儿。
【归纳拓展】
both...and... ……和……两者都
连接名词
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
连接代词
Both she and I are good at English. 我和她都擅长英语。
both...and...连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。而either... or...意为"或者……或者……" ,neither ...nor...意为"……和……都不;既不……也不……",not only...but also...意为"不仅……而且……",连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循"就近原则"。
Both he and his sister are doctors. 他和他姐姐都是医生。
Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错了,就是他错了。
(2)better 在此意为"更好地;较好地",是副词well的比较级。
Tom sings very well, but Jim sings better than Tom.
汤姆歌唱得很好,但是吉姆比汤姆唱得更好。
【归纳拓展】
better 还可作形容词good 的比较级,意为"更好的"。
The picture is very good, but that one is better.
这张图片很好,但是那张更好。
【经典练】
1.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)Don’t _________, otherwise, you’ll be tired out.
A.do as the Romans do B.burn the candle at both ends
C.put yourself in others’ shoes D.put all your eggs in one basket
2.(2021·西藏·中考真题)—Hello boys! Our school music festival is coming. Who can play the guitar?
—________ Sam ________ Tom can play it. They are good at playing the guitar.
A.Both;and B.Either;nor C.Neither;nor D.Between;and
3.(2021·四川达州·中考真题)The two books are ________ about English. You can choose ________ of them to read.
A.all; both B.all; either C.both; either D.both; neither
【写作佳句】 (2023·四川自贡·校考一模)Both the crowded traffic and the high living cost. The only reason is the badly polluted air.——既不是拥挤的交通,也不是高昂的生活成本。唯一的原因是严重的空气污染。
考点2 loudly为副词,意为"喧闹地;大声地;响亮地"
[教材原句] 2. And she also sings more loudly than Tara. (P17, 1c)
loudly为副词,意为"喧闹地;大声地;响亮地",还常与 ring、knock等动词连用。其反义词为quietly。
Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声地敲门。
【易混辨析】aloud, loud, loudly
aloud
副词,强调出声,但声音不一定很大,常与read, think等连用,aloud修饰call,cry等动词时,可作"高声地"解。
Please read the text aloud.
请大声读这篇课文。
The boy called aloud for help.
这个男孩高声求救。
loud
形容词,意为"响亮的,大声的",作副词时意为"大声,高声",侧重给人的感觉,常放在speak, shout, laugh, talk等词后。
Speak loud while answering the teacher’s question.
回答老师的问题时声音要大。
The boy always laughs in a loud voice in public.
那个男孩总是在公共场合大声地笑。
loudly
副词,意为"大声地,响亮地",多含有噪音或喧扰声的意味,放在所修饰的动词前后都可。
The students sang very loudly. 学生们大声地唱歌。
They all shouted loudly. 他们都大声地喊叫。
【经典练】
1.—Don’t be shy. Please come to the front and speak ________.
—All right. I’ll try my best.
A.loudly B.quickly C.carefully
2.(23-24八年级上·广西南宁·期中)—Miss Li, would you please speak a little more ________?
—Sorry! I thought you could hear me.
A.loudly B.quietly C.quickly
【写作佳句】(2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题)It is impolite to speak loudly in public.句意:在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。
考点3 as...as
[教材原句] 3. Are you as friendly as your sister?(P19)
as...as的用法:
(1)as...as的含义为"和……一样",用于形容词、副词的同级比较。两个as的词性和用法不一样,第一个as是副词,后面接形容词或副词的原级,第二个as为连词。
I’m as tall as Nelly. 我和内莉一样高。
Tom runs as fast as Sam. 汤姆和萨姆跑得一样快。
Lily is not so outgoing as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西外向。
【经典练】
1.Guangzhou is ________ Beijing.
A.as not large as B.not so large as C.as not larger as D.not as larger as
2.—I think science is more useful than art.
—I disagree. I think art is ________ science.
A.not so useful as B.as useful as C.less useful than
【写作佳句】(2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)My math teacher lives a(n) active life. She looks as young as she did ten years ago.句意:我的数学老师过着积极的生活。她看起来和十年前一样年轻。
考点4 win v. 赢;赢得
[教材原句]4. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过你能看出来莉萨真的想赢。
(1)tell此处意为"看出,知道,判断",表示此意时常与情态动词can,could和be able to连用。其后若接介词from,表示"辨别;区别;认出"。
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother? 你能分得出汤姆和他的孪生弟弟吗?
(2)win v. 赢;赢得
现在分词为winning,过去式和过去分词均为won。
Which team won? 哪个队赢了?
【易混辨析】
win
过去式won
意为"赢,获胜",通常接game,war,match,prize等之类的名词作宾语,即win sth.。
beat
过去式beat
意为"打败;赢",后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词,即beat sb.。
They won the game yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场比赛。
Zhang Yining won a gold medal in the women’s singles.
张怡宁赢得了女子单打金牌。
The LA Lakers beat the Rockets.
洛杉矶湖人队打败了火箭队。
【一语辨异】
We beat them and won the game. 我们打败他们赢得了比赛。
(3)though adv. 不过;可是 conj. 虽然;尽管
though在句中作副词,意为"不过;可是;然而",常位于句末。
It’s hard work. I enjoy it though. 这是件辛苦的工作,但我乐意做。
It was quite true though. 可那的确是真的。
【归纳拓展】
though也可用作连词,表示"虽然;尽管",相当于although。在英语中,although或though不能与but连用,但可与yet连用。
Though/Although I failed, I shall try again. 虽然我失败了,我还是要再次尝试。
Though/Although she is ill, yet she still keeps studying. 虽然她生病了,但她仍然坚持学习。
【经典练】
1.If you _________ him, you will _________ this match.
A.win; beat B.win; win C.beat; win D.beat; beat
2.I think we will ________ them and ________ the football match.
A.beat; win B.win; beat C.beat; beat D.win; win
【写作佳句】(2021·四川成都·统考中考真题)As long as we continue to pull together, we’ll keep winning the game.句意:只要我们继续齐心协力,我们就会继续赢得比赛。
考点5 talented 有天赋的
[教材原句] is talented in music. (P 20. 1a)
be talented in指"在……方面有天赋",后接名词或动名词。
Mozart was talented in music. 莫扎特有音乐天赋。。
You’re very talented in speaking English. 你很有说英语的天赋。
【知识拓展】
(1) 同义词gifted adj. 有天赋的
She is a gifted violinist. 她是位有天赋的小提琴手。
(2) talent n. 天赋;才,人才
have a talent for=have a gift for 有……天赋
The woman has a talent/gift for cooking. 这个女人有烹饪的天赋。
He is a great talent. 他是个了不起的人才。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期末)—I think Lang Lang is one of ________ pianists.
—And he is also the most hard-working.
A.the most boring B.the most talented C.the most comfortable
2.(22-23八年级上·河北石家庄·期末)Messi showed the world his ________ in playing football in the World Cup Qatar 2022.
A.advice B.reason C.talent D.promise
【写作佳句】(2019·江苏盐城·中考真题)You need not only talent but also hard work to become a successful football player.句意:你不仅需要天赋,还需要努力工作才能成为一名足球运动员。
考点6 the same as
[教材原句] likes to do the same things as me(P20, 1a)
"the same +名词 + as"意为"……和……一样"。
Her hair’s the same color as her mother’s.
她的头发颜色跟她母亲的一样。
【知识拓展】
(1)the same as和……相同,反义词组为be different from(和……不同)。
Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。
(2)the same to意为"对……来说是一样的,对……没有什么不同",后面常接表示人的名词或代词。the same 前面可用 quite 修饰,但不能用 very 修饰。
It’s the same to Mike. 这对迈克来说是一样的。
The two paintings are quite the same. 这两幅画完全一样。
【易混辨析】
be the same as 和……一样
两词组后都可跟名词、代词或名词性物主代词。
My hairstyle is the same as hers.
我的发型和她的发型一样。
be different from 与……不同
两个词组在使用时,前后都应是同类事物。
My hobbies are different from Lucy’s.
我的爱好与露西的不同。
【拓展】The same to you! 表示"你也一样!",是回复对方祝福的常用语。
—Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
—The same to you! 你也一样!
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·吉林·期末)I don’t think a friend is necessary to be the same ________ you, so my best friend Larry is quite different ________ me.
A.as; from B.for; at C.to; with
2.(23-24八年级上·黑龙江鸡西·期中)Lucy’s trousers are the same ________ Rose’s. But her sweater is different ________ Rose’s.
A.as; from B.as; with C.with; with
【写作佳句】(2019·湖南株洲·中考真题)Every one of us should always breathe the same breath and share the same future as the people.句意“我们每一个人应该与人民共呼吸、共命运”。
考点7 makes me laugh(P20, 1a)
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。使役动词make和感官动词see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice 等都接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。
She made me stay with her. 她让我和她待在一起。
【知识拓展】
(1)make sb./sth. +形容词,表示"使某人(感到)……;使某物……",此时形容词作宾语补足语。此类形容词有happy、sad、pleased、angry、relaxed、scared、comfortable、sick、worried、easy等。
The news makes me happy. 这个消息让我很高兴。
(2)make sb. + 名词,表示"使某人成为……",名词作宾语补足语。
We make him captain. 我们选他当队长。
(3)make sb. + 过去分词,表示"使某人……被",动词的过去分词作宾语补足语,有被动含义,翻译成主动语态形式,sb.可以是反身代词。
She spoke aloud to make herself heard.
她大声说话,以使别人能听到她。
(4)make sb./sth. do表示"使某人/某物做……",不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。注意在被动语态中不定式符号to不能省略。
She made me wait for a long time. 她让我等了很长时间。
Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk.
我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋,喝一些牛奶。
(5) 常见的后接省略to的不定式作宾补的使役动词
let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Let me have a try. 让我试一试。
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
He had me give him a hand. 他让我帮他个忙。
【巧记口诀】
使役动词三兄弟,let、have和make,
宾补只用do形式,to do见了则回避。
【经典练】
1.I like films that make me _________ . I don’t like anything sad.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.to laughing
2.My best friend is Daniel. He always tells funny things to me and always ________.
A.makes me to laugh B.make me laughing
C.makes me laugh D.make me laugh
【写作佳句】(2022·江苏南京·统考中考真题)—Lost in Thailand. I like comedies because they often make me laugh.《泰囧》。我喜欢喜剧,因为它们经常使我发笑。
考点8 it作形式主语
[教材原句] I’m so shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P21, 2b)
(1)It is+形容词/名词+(for sb. +) to do sth.,it是形式主语,动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语。sb.为宾格代词或名词,因为主语太长,为了使句子保持平衡,习惯上把真正的主语放在后面,这样就避免了句子头重脚轻。
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语是不容易的。
(2)"It is+形容词+ (for sb. +) to do sth."相当于"It’s+形容词+that 从句"。
It’s is better for you to live alone for some time.=It is better that you live alone for some time. 你单独住一段时间更好些。
【注意】
形容词若表示人的性格与品质,如kind, good, nice, wrong等,for sb. 要改为of sb.。
It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
【经典练】
1.It was awful ________ him ________ the road lamp.
A.of; breaking B.for; to break C.for; breaking D.of; to break
【写作佳句】(2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—It’s neither too cold nor too hot all year round in Kunming, making it a perfect place to live in or visit.句意:——昆明一年四季不太冷也不太热,是一个居住或旅游的好地方。
考点9 as long as"只要;既然"
[教材原句] But I think friends are like books — you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P21, 2b)
as long as"只要;既然",表示条件,意思是"只要",引导条件状语从句。
The air ticket to Sydney will be half price as long as you book it three months earlier. 只要你提前三个月预订,飞往悉尼的票价就会减半。
I’m sure we are safe as long as we are in his care. 我深信只要在他的保护下,我们就会平安无事。
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go. 只要不下雨,我们就可以去。
【知识拓展】
(1)用于as...as句型中,表示"像……一样长"。
My arms are as long as yours. 我的胳膊和你的一样长。
(2)表示时间,意思是"达……之久"。
You can keep the book as long as you like. 这本书你想借多久就借多久。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级下·福建莆田·期末)—I’m not good at my lessons. What can I do?
—Nothing is impossible ________ you work hard.
A.as long as B.as soon as C.as far as
2.(2024·云南昭通·一模)We can have a better world to live in ________ we protect the environment.
A.as much as B.as long as C.as soon as D.as far as
【写作佳句】(2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)—Your son’s dream will come true as long as he studies hard .句意:——只要你儿子努力学习,他的梦想就会实现。
考点10 be similar to与……相像的/类似的
[教材原句] My best friend is similar to Larry because she’s less hard-working than me. (P 22, 2d)
be similar to与……相像的/类似的,相当于be like。
Your new haircut is similar to mine. 你的新发型和我的相似。
Jack is similar to his father in many ways. 杰克在很多方面与他爸爸相似。
similar与in连用时,构成be similar in sth.意为"在某方面相似/相仿"。
Ice fishing, a popular winter sport, is similar in many ways to regular fishing. 冰下捕鱼,一个受欢迎的冬季运动,在许多方面与常规钓鱼是相似的。
【易混辨析】be similar to, be similar in
(1)be similar to意为"与……相像的/类似的"。
(2)be similar in意为"在……方面相似"。
【易混辨析】
similar
形容词,意为"相似的;类似的",可作定语和表语。
My best friend and I have similar hobbies.
我和我最好的朋友有相似的爱好。
same
形容词,意为"相同的;同样的",前面要加定冠词the。
They have the same age.
他们的年龄相同。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期中)Friends tend to be highly similar _________ one another.
A.as B.in C.to D.for
2.(19-20八年级上·上海·阶段练习)As this question is quite similar ______ that one. You must be very familiar ______ the solution to it.
A.with, to B.to, with C.to, to D.with, with
【写作佳句】(2021秋·八年级课时练习)He is similar to Tom, because they both enjoy playing basketball.句意:他和汤姆很相似,因为他们都喜欢打篮球。
考点11 care about 关心;在意
Do you care about your future? 你关心自己的未来吗?
He doesn’t care about the news. 他对这条新闻并不关心。
【知识拓展】
(1)care作动词的常用词组还有:
care for 喜欢;照料
He cared for her more than she realized. 她不知道他是多么在乎她。
(2)care作名词的常用词组:
take care 小心;当心;保重
take care of 照顾;照料(相当于look after)
Take care not to make mistakes. 当心别犯错。
Goodbye, and take care! 再见,多保重!
He is old enough to take care of himself. 他足够大,能照顾自己了。
【经典练】
1.I don’t think Mary ________her brother at all. She doesn’t even know what he does or where he goes every day.
A.talks about B.thinks about C.cares about
2.(23-24八年级上·江西上饶·期末)Your parents are doing this because they ________ you and don’t want you to spend all your time on computer.
A.dream about B.wait for C.care about D.ask for
【写作佳句】(2022秋·辽宁沈阳·九年级统考期末)Parents care about their children’s education more than anything else nowadays.句意:现在父母相比较其他的事情更关注孩子的教育。
考点12 laugh v. 笑;发笑
He who laughs last laughs longest. 别高兴得太早。
【知识拓展】
(1)laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at others. 别嘲笑他人。
(2)laugh作名词时,意为"笑声",是可数名词。
We had a good laugh about his joke. 我们觉得他的笑话很好笑。
【经典练】
1.(2019·上海·中考真题)The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot.
A.laugh B.laughing C.to laugh D.laughed
2.(2018·江苏徐州·中考真题)I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will me.
A.laugh at B.agree with C.depend on D.worry about
【写作佳句】(2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测)As the saying goes, he who laughs last laughs best.句意:俗话说,笑到最后的人笑得最好。
考点13 serious adj. 严肃的;稳重的
serious用作形容词,用来指人的表情严肃或事情严重,常用短语: be serious about"对……认真"。
Our math teacher is a serious man. 我们的数学老师是一个严肃的男人。
The mistake is not very serious. 这错误不太严重。
You should be serious about your job. 你应该认真对待你的工作。
【知识拓展】
seriously用作副词,意为"严肃地;认真地;严重地"。
His mother is seriously ill. 他妈妈病得很重。
【经典练】
1.(2024·上海普陀·二模)The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much __________ in our country.
A.serious B.more serious C.most serious D.the most serious
2.(22-23八年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Miss Wang looks so ________that I am afraid to talk with her.
—But I often see her smile.
A.serious B.lazy C.stupid
【写作佳句】(2023·安徽滁州·统考一模)—Food waste has been a serious problem in our school.
句意:——食物浪费在我们国家已成为一个严重的问题。
考点14 bring out 使显现;使表现出
I want to bring out the meaning of the poem. 我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。
bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来。
Please tell me how to bring out the best in me. 请告诉我怎样把我最好的一面展现出来。
The party brought out the worst in Bill. 这次宴会使比尔显现出了最丑恶的一面。
【知识拓展】
bring out有"拿出,带出,出版,生产"之意。
Please bring out your camera and take some pictures. 请拿出你的相机并且照一些照片。
The company is bringing out a new sports car. 这个公司正在生产一种新型跑车。
【经典练】
1.—By looking for the best in others, you can also ________ the best in yourself.
—How smart you are!
A.care about B.come about C.look out D.bring out
2.I love Mr. Ma. He can always help to ________ the best in us.
A.give up B.bring out C.cut down D.get on
【写作佳句】(2021·吉林长春·统考中考真题)Don’t be upset. Sometimes challenges can bring out the best in us.句意:不要沮丧。有时候挑战能激发出我们最好的一面。
考点15 reach for 伸手去拿
He reached over for the last cake. 他伸过手来拿最后一块蛋糕。
【易混辨析】
reach+地点
I reached Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。
get to+地点
I got to Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。
arrive in+大地点
at+小地点
I arrived in Beijing last night. 我昨晚到达北京。
I arrived at Beijing Airport last night. 我昨晚到达北京机场。
【经典练】
1.(2024·四川泸州·一模)—Do you know the spacewoman Wang Yaping?
—Sure. She is called the mother who ________ the stars.
A.gave out B.reached for C.looked after D.put away
2.Don't put the food out of his if you leave. It's difficult for him to move with his broken legs.
A.reach B.feel C.taste D.touch
【写作佳句】(2023·福建福州·福建省福州延安中学校考二模)A true friend is a person who reaches for your hand and touches your heart.句意:一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并触动你心灵的人。
考点16 share v. 分享;共享;共用;分摊
The twins share a room. 这对双胞胎合住一间房间。
【知识拓展】
share...with sb. 与某人分享……
My best friend shares her happiness and sadness with me.
我最好的朋友与我分享她的快乐与悲伤。
【经典练】
1.—Is this your bedroom, Linda?
—Yes, it’s also my sister’s. My sister and I ________ a bedroom.
A.sweep B.share C.choose
2.There is a computer in my home, and my father and I ________ it.
A.share B.spell C.speak D.send
【写作佳句】(2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—Simon, we can save energy by riding shared bicycles.
—That’s true.Moreover , using air conditioners less is also a good way.句意:——Simon,我们可以通过骑共享自行车来节约能源。——那确实。而且,少用空调也是一个好办法。
一.语法精讲——形容词、副词的比较级
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较,表示其中一个比另一个"更……"或"较……",后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时,形容词要用比较级形式,形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择,意为"哪一个更……"。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy? 莉莉和露西相比,谁更高?
三、形容词比较级的变化
1. 形容词或副词的比较级的规则变化:
构成方式
例词
规则变化
单音节和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er,-est
small→smaller→smallest
hard→harder→hardest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词,加-r,-st
large→larger→largest
wide→wider→widest
以两个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
big→bigger→biggest
thin→thinner→thinnest
以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er,-est
ugly→uglier→ugliest
early→earlier→earliest
少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词,词尾加-er,-est
narrow→narrower→narrowest
clever→cleverer→cleverest
多音节
其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词,在词前加more,most
important→more important→most important easily→more easily→most easily
【记忆口诀】
比较级规则变化口诀
两者之间做比较,尾巴-er少不了;
一般词尾加-er,有e词尾只加-r;
单一辅音单音节,双写词尾加-er;
辅音加y很重要,去y变i加-er;
双多音节字太长,前加more比它强。
2. 不规则变化
不规则变化
bad/badly→worse→worst;much/many→more→most;good/well→better→best;
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;old→older/elder→oldest /eldest;little→less→least
【易错警示】
1. farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别:二者表示距离时,往往可互换,但是用于引申义,表示程度时,只能使用后者。
He can throw much farther/further than you. 他可以比你扔得远得多。
His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education. 他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。
2. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别:前者用于人或者物,可作定语和表语,可与than连用,而后者主要用于家人之间,表明长幼关系,往往用于人,不用于物,而且只作定语不作表语,也不与than连用。
I’m two years older than him. 我比他大两岁。
His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。
【记忆口诀】
不规则名词变化记忆口诀
合二为一共三对,坏病两多和两好;
一分为二有两个,一是远来二是老;
还有一词含双义,只记少来不记小。
(对应的词为:bad/ill,many/much,good/well,far,old,little)
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰,起强调作用,不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
Believe me, you really look much better than before.
相信我,你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。
They went there a little later than others.
他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。
It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、形容词、副词比较级的用法
1. 最基本句型"主语 + be(is/am/are) + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象"。than后接人称代词时可以是主格或宾格。than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。
She is a little more outgoing than me.
她比我性格外向一点。
2. 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰,起强调作用,不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.
今天很冷,但明天会更冷。
3. 在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily?
你认为谁更漂亮,露茜还是莉莉?
4. 当两者比较只出现一方,含有of the two/of the twins结构时,比较级前要加the,意为"两个中比较……的一个"。
He is the taller of the two boys. 他是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。
5. "get/become + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级"是"变得越来越……"的意思,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当表示"越来越……"时,形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词,用"more and more+原级"结构。
It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。
6. "the + 形容词比较级…, the + 形容词比较级…"意为"越……就越……"。两个"比较级"不要求一定词性相同,它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。
The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.
你学习越努力,你的成绩就越好。
7. 表示"比……大(长、多、宽……)几倍",用"…times + 形容词比较级 + than…"结构。
Our classroom is twice larger than yours.
我们的教室比你们的大两倍。
8. 表示"重几斤"、"高几厘米"、"大几岁"等,可用"表示数量的词 + 形容词比较级 + than…"。
Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。
9. 当表达"……之一"、"第几大/小/高/矮……"时,往往用最高级,而不用比较级。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
10. "形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词"表示"……比其他的任何……都……",此句型可以换成最高级。
Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.
=Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class.
李磊是班上最聪明的学生。
11. "more+形容词"与"less +形容词"及not so(as)…as的互换。要注意前后比较对象要倒换位置。
Chinese is more important than English.
=English is less important than Chinese.
=English is not so important as Chinese. 汉语比英语重要。
12. 比较级的替代。
使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词 that。若前一个比较项是可数名词复数,则后一个比较项可为替代词those。
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。
The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
一班同学比二班同学学习用功。
比较级的使用原则:
(1)自身不进行比较,排除自己的方法是使用 any other。
He is taller than any other boy in his class. (不能去掉other)他比他班里的其他任何男孩都高。
(2)比较的对象必须是同类的人或事物。
My name is longer than yours. (不能将yours写成 you)我的名字比你的名字长。
【名师点睛】
1. 两者进行比较,表示"一方比另一方更……"时用
2. 两者进行比较,表示"一方与另一方一样……"时用
3. 两者进行比较,问"其中哪一个更……"时用
二、谈论人物的个性特征
本单元的话题是谈论人物的个性特征,本单元的写作题目与描写人物的个性特征相关。写此类短文时,要抓住所比较的人物的特点,从外貌特征(如tall, short, thin, fat, long/short hair等)、个性特点(如outgoing, funny, friendly, hard-working, smart等)等方面来描述。若要进行人物个性特征的比较,则要写出他们的相同点和不同点,并能够正确使用比较级进行表达。语言要精炼、准确,行文要流畅。
【词汇积累】
1. tall/thin/heavy/long hair/short hair高的/瘦的/长发/短发
1. funny/friendly/outgoing/hard-working/smart/lazy搞笑的/友好的/外向的/努力的/聪明的/懒惰的
1. be similar to与.......相似
1. be talented in在.......有天赋
1. like doing sth.喜欢做
1. be serious about 对.......认真
1. care about 关心
1. work hard努力学习
1. play sports做体育运动
1. be good at 擅长
1. as...as与.......一样
1. be different from与.......不同
1. bring out 使显示
1. the same as 和.......相同
1. as long as只要
【句式积累】
1.I have a best friend. His/her name is...我有一个好朋友,她/他的名字是....
2.She has long hair/short hair...她留着长发/短发......
3.But we have some differences...但是我们有一些不同.......
4.I am more outgoing than him.我比他外向。
5.She is not as...as I am.她不如我....
6.He is good at...他很擅长.......
7.We both like...我们都喜欢........
8.I work harder than her.我比她学习努力。
9.She is talented in music.她在音乐方面有天赋。
10.He likes to do the same things as me.他喜欢做和我一样的事情。
11.My friend truly cares about me.我的朋友真地很关心我。
12.We can talk about and share everything.我们可以互相交谈并且分享一切。
13.We enjoy studying together.我们喜欢在一起学习。
14.I think friends are like books-you don’t need a lot of them as long as they are good.我觉得朋友像书-不需要太多只要足够好。
15.It’s not necessary to be the same没必要一样。
16.I believe we will become better and better.我相信我们会变得越来越好。
17.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
18.True friends are always there for you.真正的朋友会一直陪在你身边。
19.I will miss him.我会想念他。
20.I hope we will be good friends forever.我希望我们将永远是好朋友。
※ 开头句
①My best friend is Li Yun./Li Yun is my best friend.
②My friends and I have a lot in common,but we still have some differences.
③As the saying goes,“You don't need a lot of friends as long as they're good.”
※ 中间句
①She often wears a pink shirt and blue trousers.
②I think she is very kind-hearted.
③She is outgoing and always makes people around her happy and relaxed.
④Both of us like to make new friends and we also love to help other people.
※ 结尾句
①Even though we have differences,we are still very good friends.
②I feel happy to have such a good friend.
③I hope our friendship will last forever.
【谚语积累】
1.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
2.A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难,失朋友易。
【万能写作模板】
我和我最好的朋友
介绍自己和朋友: My best friend is Linda . We became friends three years ago .
比较自己和好朋友的异同:In some ways we are the same . In some ways we are different .
总结:Although we have differences , we are good friends.
典例:
真正的朋友,在你获得成功的时候,会为你高兴;在你遇到不幸或悲伤的时候,会给你及时的支持;在你犯错误的时候,会给你正确的批评和帮助.这样的友谊才是真正可贵的.请你写一篇短文介绍一下你和你最好的朋友,80词左右.
体裁:记叙文 人称:以第三人称和第一人称为主
要求:
1.简要说明你的择友观;
2.简单比较一下你和好友之间的外貌、性格、爱好的异同点(要求使用比较级);
3.简述一件你们共同经历的事(如学校郊游、才艺表演等),体现好友对你的帮助.
注意:短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息.
My best friend_________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
思路导引
表明自己的择友观→I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.
比较自己和好友之间的外貌、性格、爱好的异同点
Differences:
Linda: quieter, taller, long hair, does well in English and Chinese
Me: noisier, shorter, short hair, be good at math
Similarities: like doing homework together, help each other, like playing tennis
简述一件和好友共同经历的事,表达对好友的感情
I took part in the school talent show, felt so nervous
Linda encouraged me and kept helping me
did my best and won first prize
bring out the best in me, feel so lucky to have such a friend
词句积累
词汇
be the same as 和······相同 be different from与······不同
be good at擅长······ do well in 在······方面做得好
help each other 互相帮助 feel lucky感到幸运
bring out the best in me 把我最好的一面表现出来 win first prize 获得一等奖
句子
1.I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.我认为朋友没有必要一样.
2.We like to do our homework together after school and we always help each other.我们喜欢放学后一起做作业,我们总是互相帮助.
3.I'm good at... but Linda does well in...我擅长·····而琳达在······方面做得好.
4.I still remember when I...,I felt.., at first.我仍然记得当我·····时,一开始我感到·······
5.As soon as Linda knew my problem, she encouraged me and kept helping me.琳达一知道我的问题,就
鼓励我并一直帮助我.
6.At last, I did my best and won first prize.最终,我尽了最大的努力,并获得了一等奖.
7.She often helps to bring out the best in me.她经常帮我把最好的一面表现出来.
8.I feel lucky to have such a friend.我很幸运有这样一个朋友.
9.谚A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情.
佳作展示
My best friend Linda
①I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.
My best friend is Linda. ②She is very different from me. ②She is much quieter and taller than me. She always has long hair but I like short hair. ③I'm good at math but Linda does well in English and Chinese. We like doing our homework together after school and we always help each other. We both like playing tennis.
I still remember when I took part in the school talent show, I felt so nervous at first. I couldn't do my best on stage.④ As soon as Linda knew my problem, she encouraged me and kept helping me. At last, I did my best and won first prize. ⑤She often helps to bring out the best in me, and I feel so lucky to have such a friend.
名师点评
本文符合写作要求,条理清晰、结构严谨,运用了丰富的短语和句式,表明了自己的择友观以及自己最好的朋友Linda的情况.
①用"it's(not) +adj. +to do sth."句式言简意赅地表明了自己的择友观.
②用 be different from 短语和"比较级+than"结构表明了作者和朋友的外貌以及性格差异.
③用 be good at和do well in 短语表明了自己和Linda 各自擅长的学科.
④用含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句,强调Linda对自己的关心和帮助.
⑤用bring out 短语表明 Linda对自己的帮助很大,同时体现了作者活学活用的能力.
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
(一)完成单词梳理:
名词:1. competition 比赛;竞赛 2. mirror 镜子 3. kid 小孩;年轻人
4. grade 成绩等级 5. hand 手 6. saying 谚语;格言
7. heart 内心;心脏 8. fact 现实;事实 9. information 信息;消息
10. arm 手臂;上肢
动词:1. win 获胜;赢 2. care 在意;关心 3. should 应该;应当
4. reach 伸手;到达 5. touch 感动;触摸 6. break 损坏
7. share 分享;共享;共用
副词:1. loudly 喧闹地;大声地;响亮地 2. quietly 轻声地;轻柔地;安静地
3. clearly 清楚地;清晰地;明白地 4. truly 真正;确实
形容词:1. outgoing 爱交际的;友好的;外向的 2. hard-working 工作努力的;辛勤的
3. fantastic 极好的;了不起的 4. talented 有才能的;有才干的
5. serious 严肃的;稳重的 6. necessary 必需的;必要的
7. loud 响亮的;大声的 8. similar 相像的;类似的
9. primary 最初的;最早的
兼类词:1. both (adj/pron)两个;两个都
2. better (adj/adv)较好的(地);更好的(地)
3. which (pron/adj)哪一个;哪一些
4. though (adv)不过;可是;然而(conj)虽然;尽管;不过
5. laugh (v)笑;发笑(n)笑声
(二) 词汇变形小结:
1. good/well (adj/adv. 好的) — better (比较级) — best (最高级)
2. loud (adj. 大声的) — loudly (adv.喧闹地)
3. quiet (adj. 安静的) — quietly (adv. 安静地)
4. competition (n. 竞争;比赛) — compete (v. 竞争;比赛)
5. clearly (adv. 清楚地;清晰地) — clear (adj. 清楚的;清晰的)
6. win (v. 赢;获胜) — won (过去式) — winner (n. 获胜者)
7. talented (adj. 有才能的) — talent (n. 才能;天赋)
8. truly(adv. 真正;确实) — true (adj. 真正的) — truth (n. 真实;真相)
9. care(v. 在意;关心) — careful (adj. 认真的;细心的)
10. serious(adj. 严肃的;稳重的) — seriously (adv. 严重地;严肃地)
11. say(v. 说) — saying (n. 谚语;格言)
12. touch(v. 感动;触摸) — touching (adj. 令人感动的) — touched (adj. 感动的)
13. break(v. 破坏) — broke (过去式)
(三) 短语攻关:
care about 关心;在意 be talented in 在……有天赋
both...and... ……和……都 play the drums 敲鼓
the singing competition 歌唱比赛 be similar to 与……相像的
bring out 使显现 the same as 和……相同
be different from 与……不同 as long as 只要
in fact 事实上 primary school 小学
get good grades 取得好成绩 have fun doing sth 做某事很开心
make sb do sth 让某人做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事
make friends 交朋友 be like 像……一样
用法集萃
1. the same as...意为“与······相同”。
My birthday is the same as Tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
I have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。
be different from...意为“和······不一样”,是the same as...的反义词组。
Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同;不用之处”,可做可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。例如:
There is no difference between the twins. 那对双胞胎长得一模一样。
[拓展]be similar to 意为“和······相似”
2. as...as 与……一样; not as/so...as 不如···中间加形容词或副词的原级。
He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
She isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。
3. win “赢得,获得”,后面常接战争、比赛、游戏、奖品等。
beat“打败”,后面只能跟竞争的对手。
4. as long as“只要……”“既然……”,引导让步状语从句
I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下,我们就会平安无事。
as long as “与…一样长/久”
The river is as long as that one.这条河与那条河一样长。
5. aloud; loud; loudly
loud可用作形容词或副词。作形容词时,意为“响亮的”,可作定语或表语;作副词时,意为“高声地; 响亮地”,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用。如:
Don’t make loud noise, please. 请不要大吵大闹。
Facts speak louder than eloquence. 事实胜于雄辩。
aloud常与动词read连用,强调从不出声到出声,别人能听得见,但声音不一定很大, 没有比较级和最高级形式。如:
Don’t read aloud in the library. 在图书馆里不要朗读。
loudly为副词,与loud同义,有时可与loud互换使用,但loudly通常指令人讨厌的声音。如:
It’s not polite to shout loudly at the old. 冲老人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。
重点句子点拨:
1.Both Sam and Tom play the drums. 萨姆和汤姆都打鼓。
We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
They are both tall. 他们两个都高。[总结]:both 表示两者都,both…and…意为“···和···都···”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。[拓展]:
① neither …nor…意为“···和···都不;既不···也不···”表示两者都不。连接两个并列的主语时,谓语的单复数
形式采用“就近原则”。
Neither you nor she is right. 你和她都不对。
②either…or…意为“或者···或者····”,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”。
Either you or she is wrong. 不是你错了,就是他错了。
③not only…but also…意为“不仅···而且···”,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”。
Not only I but also she likes playing drums. 不仅我喜欢打鼓,而且她也喜欢打鼓。
2. The one with short hair. 留着短头发的那个。
点拨: with为介词,意为“具有,带有,有····的”。
I want to have a house with a swimming pool. 我想有一栋带有游泳池的房子。
[拓展] ①with意为“和···一起”。
He is playing with his friends. 他正和他的朋友一起玩。
②with意为“用···”,强调使用具体的工具。
Please cut it with a knife. 请用刀把它切开。
3.Tina thinks she works harder than me.
点拨:(1) work hard努力工作/学习, hard work艰苦的工作, hard-working adj. 工作努力的,辛勤的
He work hard at English and he is a hard-working student.他努力学习英语,他是一个勤奋的好学生。
(2) she works harder than me作think 的宾语,是宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序。
I don’t know what her name is.我不知道她叫什么名字。
4. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
点拨:(1) make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
使役动词make /let 和see /hear /watch等感官动词都接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
My teacher makes me do my homework every day.我老师每天都让我做家庭作业。
(2) laugh v. 笑 & n. 笑;笑声
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。
We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。
5. I’m shy, so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
点拨:(1) It is + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. 句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,sb.为名词或代词的宾格形式。
词句中的形容词主要有:easy, hard, difficult, important, interesting等
It’s better for you to live alone for some time.你单独住一段时间更好些。
It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth. 句型中的形容词表示人的性格与品质,主要有:kind, good, nice, wrong等
It is very nice of you to give me such a good present for my birthday.你给我这么好的礼物真是太好了。
(2) make friends交朋友。
典句必背
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister. 我比我妹妹更外向。
2. Who’s more hard-working at school? 在学校谁比较勤奋。
3. The most important thing is to learn something and have fun. 最重要的事是学到东西,并过得快乐。
4. Who is smarter, your mother or your father? 你妈妈和你爸爸谁更聪明。
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Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Unit1
核心话题
从外貌特征、个性特点等方面来描述人物
重点词汇
1. 支持n. 15. 到达vt.
2. 多彩的adj. 16. 中场休息n.
3. 希望n. 17. 幸好,幸运的是 adv.
4. 意思n. 18. 独立地,独自
5. 味道,品味n. 19. 免费的adj.
6. 进行,发生 20. 决赛n.
7. 欢呼声,喝彩声n. 21. 费用,价钱n.
8. 兴高采烈的adj. 22. 休息,歇息vi.
9. 无用的adj. 23. 网络n.
10. 有用的,有益的adj. 24. 广场n.
11. 无助的adj. 25. 登山者n.
12. 留着,不退换vt. 26. 旅行,旅程 n.
13. 上车 27. 最后adv.
14. 票,入场券n. 28. 文化n.
重点短语
1.喜欢做某事____________________
2.只要_________________________
3.学生助手 _____________________
4.更多帮助某人___________________
5.在(某方面)有天赋________________
6.与......不同 ___________________
7.感动某人的心扉_________________
8.确切地说; 事实上; 实际________________
9.英语学习中心__________________
10.和……相同; 与……_________________
11.A和B(两者)都 ____________________
12.与……相像的、类似的________________
13.最重要的事情 __________________
14.帮助某人做某事__________________
15.取得更好的成绩 ___________________
16.歌唱比赛 _____________________
17.很多信息/更多信息__________________
18.我最喜欢的格言 ____________________
19.使/让某人做某事____________________
20.使显现; 使表现出___________________
重点句型
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister.
2. Tara works as hard as Tina.
3. Who’s more hard-working at school?
4. Tina thinks she works harder than me.
5. A good friend makes me laugh.
6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
7. My best friend is similar to Larry.
语法
形容词和副词的比较级
写作
如何描写人物的个性特征以运用比较级表达不同特征
答案:
一、重点词汇
1.support 2.colourful 3. hope 4. meaning 5.taste
6.take place/happen 7.cheer 8.cheerful 9.useless 10.useful
11.helpless 12.keep 13.get on 14.ticket 15.reach/get to/arrive in/at
16. half-time 17.luckily 18.by oneself/on one’s own 19.free
20.final 21.cost 22.rest 23.Internet 24.square
25. climber 26.journey 27.finally/in the end/at last 28.culture
二、重点短语
1.喜欢做某事___like doing sth
2.只要___as long as
3.学生助手 student helper
4.使某人大笑_make sb. laugh
5.在(某方面)有天赋__be talented in sth.
6.与......不同 be different from
7.感动某人的心扉 touch one’s heart
8.确切地说; 事实上; 实际 in fact
9.擅长于做某事 be good at
10.和……相同; 与…… the same as...
11.A和B(两者)都 both ...and
12.与……相像的、类似的 be similar to
13.最重要的事情 the most important thing
14.帮助某人做某事 help sb. do/to do sth.
15.取得更好的成绩 get better grades
16.歌唱比赛 singing competition
17.很多信息/更多信息 more information
18.我最喜欢的格言 my favorite saying
19.使/让某人做某事 make sb. do sth.
20.使显现; 使表现出 bring out
考点1 both意为"两个;两个都"
[教材原句] 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.(P17)
(1)both意为"两个;两个都",常见用法如下:
●作代词,指代上文提到的复数名词或代词。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
●作形容词,修饰复数名词,且名词前可有定冠词、限定词、名词所有格等修饰。
Both of them like playing guitar. 他们俩都喜欢弹吉他。
Both of them are Chinese. 他俩都是中国人。
The prospects both excited and worried me. 这前景使我既激动又忧虑。
Both students like English. 两个学生都喜欢英语。
【易混辨析】
both
用于两者,表示"两者都"
作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
Both plans are good. 两个计划都很好。
all
用于三者或三者以上,表示"都"
作主语,笼统地表示所有人时,谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时,谓语动词通常用单数形式
All teachers like to go there. 所有的老师都喜欢去那儿。
【归纳拓展】
both...and... ……和……两者都
连接名词
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
连接代词
Both she and I are good at English. 我和她都擅长英语。
both...and...连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。而either... or...意为"或者……或者……" ,neither ...nor...意为"……和……都不;既不……也不……",not only...but also...意为"不仅……而且……",连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循"就近原则"。
Both he and his sister are doctors. 他和他姐姐都是医生。
Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错了,就是他错了。
(2)better 在此意为"更好地;较好地",是副词well的比较级。
Tom sings very well, but Jim sings better than Tom.
汤姆歌唱得很好,但是吉姆比汤姆唱得更好。
【归纳拓展】
better 还可作形容词good 的比较级,意为"更好的"。
The picture is very good, but that one is better.
这张图片很好,但是那张更好。
【经典练】
1.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)Don’t _________, otherwise, you’ll be tired out.
A.do as the Romans do B.burn the candle at both ends
C.put yourself in others’ shoes D.put all your eggs in one basket
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不要把蜡烛两头烧,否则你会累的。
考查习语。do as the Romans do入乡随俗;burn the candle at both ends蜡烛两头烧;put yourself in others’ shoes设身处地为他人着想;put all your eggs in one basket把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。根据“otherwise, you’ll be tired out.”可知不要把蜡烛两头烧,否则你会累的,选项B符合。故选B。
2.(2021·西藏·中考真题)—Hello boys! Our school music festival is coming. Who can play the guitar?
—________ Sam ________ Tom can play it. They are good at playing the guitar.
A.Both;and B.Either;nor C.Neither;nor D.Between;and
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你们好!我们学校的音乐节要来了。谁会弹吉他呢?——Sam和Tom都会弹。他们很擅长弹吉他。考查连词辨析。Both…and两者都;Either…nor错误搭配;Neither…nor既不……也不……; Between…and在……和……之间。结合最后一句“They are good at playing the guitar.”可知两人都会弹吉他,故选A。
3.(2021·四川达州·中考真题)The two books are ________ about English. You can choose ________ of them to read.
A.all; both B.all; either C.both; either D.both; neither
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这两本书都是关于英语的。你可以任选其一来读。
考查不定代词。all三者或三者以上都;both两者都;either二者之一;neither两者都不。根据“The two books”可知此处表示两本书都是英语书,用both;再由“You can choose ... of them to read.”可知此处是二者选其一,用either。故选C。
【写作佳句】 (2023·四川自贡·校考一模)Both the crowded traffic and the high living cost. The only reason is the badly polluted air.——既不是拥挤的交通,也不是高昂的生活成本。唯一的原因是严重的空气污染。
考点2 loudly为副词,意为"喧闹地;大声地;响亮地"
[教材原句] 2. And she also sings more loudly than Tara. (P17, 1c)
loudly为副词,意为"喧闹地;大声地;响亮地",还常与 ring、knock等动词连用。其反义词为quietly。
Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声地敲门。
【易混辨析】aloud, loud, loudly
aloud
副词,强调出声,但声音不一定很大,常与read, think等连用,aloud修饰call,cry等动词时,可作"高声地"解。
Please read the text aloud.
请大声读这篇课文。
The boy called aloud for help.
这个男孩高声求救。
loud
形容词,意为"响亮的,大声的",作副词时意为"大声,高声",侧重给人的感觉,常放在speak, shout, laugh, talk等词后。
Speak loud while answering the teacher’s question.
回答老师的问题时声音要大。
The boy always laughs in a loud voice in public.
那个男孩总是在公共场合大声地笑。
loudly
副词,意为"大声地,响亮地",多含有噪音或喧扰声的意味,放在所修饰的动词前后都可。
The students sang very loudly. 学生们大声地唱歌。
They all shouted loudly. 他们都大声地喊叫。
【经典练】
1.—Don’t be shy. Please come to the front and speak ________.
—All right. I’ll try my best.
A.loudly B.quickly C.carefully
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——别害羞。请到前面来大声说。——好的。我会尽力的。
考查副词辨析。loudly大声地;quickly快速地;carefully仔细地。根据“Don’t be shy.”可知,不要害羞,要大声说,故选A。
2.(23-24八年级上·广西南宁·期中)—Miss Li, would you please speak a little more ________?
—Sorry! I thought you could hear me.
A.loudly B.quietly C.quickly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——李小姐,你可以讲话声音大点么?——很抱歉。我以为你能听到我说的话。考查副词辨析。loudly大声地;quietly安静地;quickly快速地。根据“I thought you could hear me.”可知,句子表达的是“说话声音大一点”,用副词“loudly”修饰动词“speak”。故选A。
【写作佳句】(2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题)It is impolite to speak loudly in public.句意:在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。
考点3 as...as
[教材原句] 3. Are you as friendly as your sister?(P19)
as...as的用法:
(1)as...as的含义为"和……一样",用于形容词、副词的同级比较。两个as的词性和用法不一样,第一个as是副词,后面接形容词或副词的原级,第二个as为连词。
I’m as tall as Nelly. 我和内莉一样高。
Tom runs as fast as Sam. 汤姆和萨姆跑得一样快。
Lily is not so outgoing as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西外向。
【经典练】
1.Guangzhou is ________ Beijing.
A.as not large as B.not so large as C.as not larger as D.not as larger as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:广州没有北京那么大。考查形容词原级。not as/so…as…“不如……”,中间接形容词或副词原级。故选B。
2.—I think science is more useful than art.
—I disagree. I think art is ________ science.
A.not so useful as B.as useful as C.less useful than
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我认为科学比美术更有用。——我不同意。我认为美术和科学一样有用。
考查同级比较。not so useful as不如……有用;as useful as和……一样有用;less useful than不如……有用。根据“I disagree.”可知回答者不同意上文观点,即:“美术和科学一样有用”或“美术比科学有用”,故选B。
【写作佳句】(2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)My math teacher lives a(n) active life. She looks as young as she did ten years ago.句意:我的数学老师过着积极的生活。她看起来和十年前一样年轻。
考点4 win v. 赢;赢得
[教材原句]4. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过你能看出来莉萨真的想赢。
(1)tell此处意为"看出,知道,判断",表示此意时常与情态动词can,could和be able to连用。其后若接介词from,表示"辨别;区别;认出"。
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother? 你能分得出汤姆和他的孪生弟弟吗?
(2)win v. 赢;赢得
现在分词为winning,过去式和过去分词均为won。
Which team won? 哪个队赢了?
【易混辨析】
win
过去式won
意为"赢,获胜",通常接game,war,match,prize等之类的名词作宾语,即win sth.。
beat
过去式beat
意为"打败;赢",后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词,即beat sb.。
They won the game yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场比赛。
Zhang Yining won a gold medal in the women’s singles.
张怡宁赢得了女子单打金牌。
The LA Lakers beat the Rockets.
洛杉矶湖人队打败了火箭队。
【一语辨异】
We beat them and won the game. 我们打败他们赢得了比赛。
(3)though adv. 不过;可是 conj. 虽然;尽管
though在句中作副词,意为"不过;可是;然而",常位于句末。
It’s hard work. I enjoy it though. 这是件辛苦的工作,但我乐意做。
It was quite true though. 可那的确是真的。
【归纳拓展】
though也可用作连词,表示"虽然;尽管",相当于although。在英语中,although或though不能与but连用,但可与yet连用。
Though/Although I failed, I shall try again. 虽然我失败了,我还是要再次尝试。
Though/Although she is ill, yet she still keeps studying. 虽然她生病了,但她仍然坚持学习。
【经典练】
1.If you _________ him, you will _________ this match.
A.win; beat B.win; win C.beat; win D.beat; beat
【答案】C
【详解】句意: 如果你打败他,你就赢得这场比赛。 考查动词辨析。win赢得(比赛或奖项);beat击败(某人或队伍)。第一空,根据空后“him”可知,此处是指击败他,用beat,排除A和B;第二空,根据空后“this match”可知,此处是指赢得比赛,用win,排除D。故选C。
2.I think we will ________ them and ________ the football match.
A.beat; win B.win; beat C.beat; beat D.win; win
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我想我们会打败他们,赢得这场足球比赛。
考查动词词义辨析。beat打败,后接某人或某个组织作宾语;win赢得,后接比赛项目或奖项。第一空后“them”指人,用beat;第二空后“the football match”表示比赛项目,用win。故选 A。
【写作佳句】(2021·四川成都·统考中考真题)As long as we continue to pull together, we’ll keep winning the game.句意:只要我们继续齐心协力,我们就会继续赢得比赛。
考点5 talented 有天赋的
[教材原句] is talented in music. (P 20. 1a)
be talented in指"在……方面有天赋",后接名词或动名词。
Mozart was talented in music. 莫扎特有音乐天赋。。
You’re very talented in speaking English. 你很有说英语的天赋。
【知识拓展】
(1) 同义词gifted adj. 有天赋的
She is a gifted violinist. 她是位有天赋的小提琴手。
(2) talent n. 天赋;才,人才
have a talent for=have a gift for 有……天赋
The woman has a talent/gift for cooking. 这个女人有烹饪的天赋。
He is a great talent. 他是个了不起的人才。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期末)—I think Lang Lang is one of ________ pianists.
—And he is also the most hard-working.
A.the most boring B.the most talented C.the most comfortable
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我认为郎朗是最有才华的钢琴家之一。——而且他也是最努力的。
考查形容词辨析。the most boring最无聊的; the most talented最有才华的;the most comfortable最舒服的。根据“And he is also the most hard-working”可知,此处填正面形容词,郎朗是最有才华的钢琴家之一。故选B。
2.(22-23八年级上·河北石家庄·期末)Messi showed the world his ________ in playing football in the World Cup Qatar 2022.
A.advice B.reason C.talent D.promise
【答案】C
【详解】句意:梅西在2022年卡塔尔世界杯上向世界展示了他的足球天赋。
考查名词辨析。advice建议;reason原因;talent天赋;promise承诺。根据“Messi showed the world his ... in playing football in the World Cup Qatar 2022.”可知,梅西在卡塔尔世界杯展示了他的足球天赋。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2019·江苏盐城·中考真题)You need not only talent but also hard work to become a successful football player.句意:你不仅需要天赋,还需要努力工作才能成为一名足球运动员。
考点6 the same as
[教材原句] likes to do the same things as me(P20, 1a)
"the same +名词 + as"意为"……和……一样"。
Her hair’s the same color as her mother’s.
她的头发颜色跟她母亲的一样。
【知识拓展】
(1)the same as和……相同,反义词组为be different from(和……不同)。
Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。
(2)the same to意为"对……来说是一样的,对……没有什么不同",后面常接表示人的名词或代词。the same 前面可用 quite 修饰,但不能用 very 修饰。
It’s the same to Mike. 这对迈克来说是一样的。
The two paintings are quite the same. 这两幅画完全一样。
【易混辨析】
be the same as 和……一样
两词组后都可跟名词、代词或名词性物主代词。
My hairstyle is the same as hers.
我的发型和她的发型一样。
be different from 与……不同
两个词组在使用时,前后都应是同类事物。
My hobbies are different from Lucy’s.
我的爱好与露西的不同。
【拓展】The same to you! 表示"你也一样!",是回复对方祝福的常用语。
—Happy New Year! 新年快乐!
—The same to you! 你也一样!
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·吉林·期末)I don’t think a friend is necessary to be the same ________ you, so my best friend Larry is quite different ________ me.
A.as; from B.for; at C.to; with
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我不认为朋友有必要和你一样,所以我最好的朋友Larry和我相当地不同。
考查短语。be the same as与……相同;be different from与……不同。根据“to be the same...you”可知,指的是与你一样,介词用as;根据“Larry is quite different...me”可知,指的是与我不同,介词用from。故选A。
2.(23-24八年级上·黑龙江鸡西·期中)Lucy’s trousers are the same ________ Rose’s. But her sweater is different ________ Rose’s.
A.as; from B.as; with C.with; with
【答案】A
【详解】句意:露西的裤子和罗斯的一样。但她的毛衣和罗斯的不一样。
考查固定短语。根据“the same... Rose’s”和“is different... Rose’s”可知,第一处是the same as“与……一样”,第二处是be different from“与……不同”,都是固定搭配。故选A。
【写作佳句】(2019·湖南株洲·中考真题)Every one of us should always breathe the same breath and share the same future as the people.句意“我们每一个人应该与人民共呼吸、共命运”。
考点7 makes me laugh(P20, 1a)
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。使役动词make和感官动词see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice 等都接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。
She made me stay with her. 她让我和她待在一起。
【知识拓展】
(1)make sb./sth. +形容词,表示"使某人(感到)……;使某物……",此时形容词作宾语补足语。此类形容词有happy、sad、pleased、angry、relaxed、scared、comfortable、sick、worried、easy等。
The news makes me happy. 这个消息让我很高兴。
(2)make sb. + 名词,表示"使某人成为……",名词作宾语补足语。
We make him captain. 我们选他当队长。
(3)make sb. + 过去分词,表示"使某人……被",动词的过去分词作宾语补足语,有被动含义,翻译成主动语态形式,sb.可以是反身代词。
She spoke aloud to make herself heard.
她大声说话,以使别人能听到她。
(4)make sb./sth. do表示"使某人/某物做……",不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。注意在被动语态中不定式符号to不能省略。
She made me wait for a long time. 她让我等了很长时间。
Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk.
我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋,喝一些牛奶。
(5) 常见的后接省略to的不定式作宾补的使役动词
let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Let me have a try. 让我试一试。
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
He had me give him a hand. 他让我帮他个忙。
【巧记口诀】
使役动词三兄弟,let、have和make,
宾补只用do形式,to do见了则回避。
【经典练】
1.I like films that make me _________ . I don’t like anything sad.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.to laughing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我喜欢让我发笑的电影。我不喜欢任何悲伤的事情。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据句意可知,本题考查make sb. do sth“让某人做某事”。故选A。
2.My best friend is Daniel. He always tells funny things to me and always ________.
A.makes me to laugh B.make me laughing
C.makes me laugh D.make me laugh
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我最好的朋友是Daniel。他总是告诉我有趣的事情,总是让我笑。
考查动词时态以及非谓语动词。句子是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称,动词用三单形式,排除B和D选项。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”,省略to的动词不定式作宾补,故选C。
【写作佳句】(2022·江苏南京·统考中考真题)—Lost in Thailand. I like comedies because they often make me laugh.《泰囧》。我喜欢喜剧,因为它们经常使我发笑。
考点8 it作形式主语
[教材原句] I’m so shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P21, 2b)
(1)It is+形容词/名词+(for sb. +) to do sth.,it是形式主语,动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语。sb.为宾格代词或名词,因为主语太长,为了使句子保持平衡,习惯上把真正的主语放在后面,这样就避免了句子头重脚轻。
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语是不容易的。
(2)"It is+形容词+ (for sb. +) to do sth."相当于"It’s+形容词+that 从句"。
It’s is better for you to live alone for some time.=It is better that you live alone for some time. 你单独住一段时间更好些。
【注意】
形容词若表示人的性格与品质,如kind, good, nice, wrong等,for sb. 要改为of sb.。
It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
【经典练】
1.It was awful ________ him ________ the road lamp.
A.of; breaking B.for; to break C.for; breaking D.of; to break
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他打碎了路灯,真糟糕。
考查It的固定句型。“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”;“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事怎样”,用来形容人的性格特点。根据题干“awful ”可知此处与人的性格特点有关,此处介词用of。故选D。
【写作佳句】(2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—It’s neither too cold nor too hot all year round in Kunming, making it a perfect place to live in or visit.句意:——昆明一年四季不太冷也不太热,是一个居住或旅游的好地方。
考点9 as long as"只要;既然"
[教材原句] But I think friends are like books — you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P21, 2b)
as long as"只要;既然",表示条件,意思是"只要",引导条件状语从句。
The air ticket to Sydney will be half price as long as you book it three months earlier. 只要你提前三个月预订,飞往悉尼的票价就会减半。
I’m sure we are safe as long as we are in his care. 我深信只要在他的保护下,我们就会平安无事。
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go. 只要不下雨,我们就可以去。
【知识拓展】
(1)用于as...as句型中,表示"像……一样长"。
My arms are as long as yours. 我的胳膊和你的一样长。
(2)表示时间,意思是"达……之久"。
You can keep the book as long as you like. 这本书你想借多久就借多久。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级下·福建莆田·期末)—I’m not good at my lessons. What can I do?
—Nothing is impossible ________ you work hard.
A.as long as B.as soon as C.as far as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我学业不擅长。我该怎么办?——只要你努力,没有什么是不可能的。
考查连词辨析。as long as只要;as soon as一……就……;as far as远至……,就……而言。根据“you work hard”可知,只要努力,没有什么是不可能的,应用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。
2.(2024·云南昭通·一模)We can have a better world to live in ________ we protect the environment.
A.as much as B.as long as C.as soon as D.as far as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:只要我们保护环境,我们就能拥有一个更美好的世界。
考查条件状语从句。as much as多达;as long as只要;as soon as一……就;as far as就……而言。“we protect the environment”是“We can have a better world to live in”的肯定条件,用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B。
【写作佳句】(2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)—Your son’s dream will come true as long as he studies hard .句意:——只要你儿子努力学习,他的梦想就会实现。
考点10 be similar to与……相像的/类似的
[教材原句] My best friend is similar to Larry because she’s less hard-working than me. (P 22, 2d)
be similar to与……相像的/类似的,相当于be like。
Your new haircut is similar to mine. 你的新发型和我的相似。
Jack is similar to his father in many ways. 杰克在很多方面与他爸爸相似。
similar与in连用时,构成be similar in sth.意为"在某方面相似/相仿"。
Ice fishing, a popular winter sport, is similar in many ways to regular fishing. 冰下捕鱼,一个受欢迎的冬季运动,在许多方面与常规钓鱼是相似的。
【易混辨析】be similar to, be similar in
(1)be similar to意为"与……相像的/类似的"。
(2)be similar in意为"在……方面相似"。
【易混辨析】
similar
形容词,意为"相似的;类似的",可作定语和表语。
My best friend and I have similar hobbies.
我和我最好的朋友有相似的爱好。
same
形容词,意为"相同的;同样的",前面要加定冠词the。
They have the same age.
他们的年龄相同。
【经典练】
1.(23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期中)Friends tend to be highly similar _________ one another.
A.as B.in C.to D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:朋友之间往往非常相似。考查介词。as作为;in在……里;to到;for为了。根据“be highly similar”可知,此处是固定搭配be similar to“与……相似”。故选C。
2.(19-20八年级上·上海·阶段练习)As this question is quite similar ______ that one. You must be very familiar ______ the solution to it.
A.with, to B.to, with C.to, to D.with, with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:因为这个问题和那个问题十分相似,(所以)你一定对它的解决方案很熟悉。
考查固定搭配。be similar to“与……类似/相像”,固定搭配。be familiar with“对……熟悉”,固定搭配。故选B。
【点睛】be similar to“与……类似/相像”的近义词(组):be the same as“与……相同”。
【写作佳句】(2021秋·八年级课时练习)He is similar to Tom, because they both enjoy playing basketball.句意:他和汤姆很相似,因为他们都喜欢打篮球。
考点11 care about 关心;在意
Do you care about your future? 你关心自己的未来吗?
He doesn’t care about the news. 他对这条新闻并不关心。
【知识拓展】
(1)care作动词的常用词组还有:
care for 喜欢;照料
He cared for her more than she realized. 她不知道他是多么在乎她。
(2)care作名词的常用词组:
take care 小心;当心;保重
take care of 照顾;照料(相当于look after)
Take care not to make mistakes. 当心别犯错。
Goodbye, and take care! 再见,多保重!
He is old enough to take care of himself. 他足够大,能照顾自己了。
【经典练】
1.I don’t think Mary ________her brother at all. She doesn’t even know what he does or where he goes every day.
A.talks about B.thinks about C.cares about
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我认为玛丽一点也不关心她的哥哥。她甚至不知道他每天做什么或去哪里。
考查动词短语。talks about谈论;thinks about考虑;cares about关心。根据句意,不知道自己的哥哥每天做什么或去哪里,说明不关心哥哥。故选C。
2.(23-24八年级上·江西上饶·期末)Your parents are doing this because they ________ you and don’t want you to spend all your time on computer.
A.dream about B.wait for C.care about D.ask for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你们的父母这样做是因为他们关心你们,不希望你们把所有的时间都花在电脑上。考查动词短语辨析。dream about梦想;wait for等待;care about关心;ask for请求,要求。根据“you and don’t want you to spend all your time on computer.”可知,这里是关心你们。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2022秋·辽宁沈阳·九年级统考期末)Parents care about their children’s education more than anything else nowadays.句意:现在父母相比较其他的事情更关注孩子的教育。
考点12 laugh v. 笑;发笑
He who laughs last laughs longest. 别高兴得太早。
【知识拓展】
(1)laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at others. 别嘲笑他人。
(2)laugh作名词时,意为"笑声",是可数名词。
We had a good laugh about his joke. 我们觉得他的笑话很好笑。
【经典练】
1.(2019·上海·中考真题)The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot.
A.laugh B.laughing C.to laugh D.laughed
【答案】A
【详解】句意:主人在聚会上讲了一个笑话,逗得客人大笑。
A. laugh笑;原形;B. laughing笑,现在分词;C. to laugh笑,动词不定式;D. laughed笑,过去式。短语make sb. do sth.表示使某人做某事。根据题意,故选A。
2.(2018·江苏徐州·中考真题)I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will me.
A.laugh at B.agree with C.depend on D.worry about
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我剪了头发看起来很傻,我所有的同学都嘲笑我。laugh at嘲笑;agree with同意…;depend on依靠,取决于;worry about为…担心。根据句意I look stupid…可知,这里应表示“嘲笑”,故选A。
【写作佳句】(2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测)As the saying goes, he who laughs last laughs best.句意:俗话说,笑到最后的人笑得最好。
考点13 serious adj. 严肃的;稳重的
serious用作形容词,用来指人的表情严肃或事情严重,常用短语: be serious about"对……认真"。
Our math teacher is a serious man. 我们的数学老师是一个严肃的男人。
The mistake is not very serious. 这错误不太严重。
You should be serious about your job. 你应该认真对待你的工作。
【知识拓展】
seriously用作副词,意为"严肃地;认真地;严重地"。
His mother is seriously ill. 他妈妈病得很重。
【经典练】
1.(2024·上海普陀·二模)The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much __________ in our country.
A.serious B.more serious C.most serious D.the most serious
【答案】B
【详解】句意:人口老龄化已经成为一个大问题,并且它在我国更加严重。
本题考查形容词的比较级。serious形容词的原级;more serious形容词的比较级;most serious形容词的最高级;the most serious形容词的最高级。根据题干“The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much … in our country.”可知,and后面的句子没有明确表示比较的对象,但结合句意及选项可知,此处是隐性的两者比较,即与前面的a big problem相比,人口老龄化在我国更加严重,空处应填比较级。故选B。
2.(22-23八年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Miss Wang looks so ________that I am afraid to talk with her.
—But I often see her smile.
A.serious B.lazy C.stupid
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——王老师看起来那么严肃,以至于我害怕和她说话。 ——但是我经常看到她笑啊。考查形容词辨析。serious严肃的,认真的;lazy懒惰的;stupid愚蠢的。根据下文答语“But I often see her smile.(但是我经常看到她笑啊。)”可知此处与表情有关,应是指王老师看起来很严肃;选项A“严肃的”符合语境。故选A。
【写作佳句】(2023·安徽滁州·统考一模)—Food waste has been a serious problem in our school.
句意:——食物浪费在我们国家已成为一个严重的问题。
考点14 bring out 使显现;使表现出
I want to bring out the meaning of the poem. 我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。
bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来。
Please tell me how to bring out the best in me. 请告诉我怎样把我最好的一面展现出来。
The party brought out the worst in Bill. 这次宴会使比尔显现出了最丑恶的一面。
【知识拓展】
bring out有"拿出,带出,出版,生产"之意。
Please bring out your camera and take some pictures. 请拿出你的相机并且照一些照片。
The company is bringing out a new sports car. 这个公司正在生产一种新型跑车。
【经典练】
1.—By looking for the best in others, you can also ________ the best in yourself.
—How smart you are!
A.care about B.come about C.look out D.bring out
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——通过寻找别人最好的一面,你也可以把自己最好的一面展现出来。——你多么智慧啊!考查动词短语辨析。care about关心;come about发生;look out注意;bring out使显示,激发。根据题干可知,通过寻找别人最好的一面,也应展现自己最好的一面。bring out更符合语境。故选D。
2.I love Mr. Ma. He can always help to ________ the best in us.
A.give up B.bring out C.cut down D.get on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我爱马先生。他总能帮助我们展现出最好的一面。
考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃;bring out使表现出;cut down砍倒;get on出人头地。根据空后“the best in us”,可知此处是短语bring out the best in sb.,表示“激发某人最好的一面”。故选B。
【写作佳句】(2021·吉林长春·统考中考真题)Don’t be upset. Sometimes challenges can bring out the best in us.句意:不要沮丧。有时候挑战能激发出我们最好的一面。
考点15 reach for 伸手去拿
He reached over for the last cake. 他伸过手来拿最后一块蛋糕。
【易混辨析】
reach+地点
I reached Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。
get to+地点
I got to Beijing last night. 我昨天晚上到达北京。
arrive in+大地点
at+小地点
I arrived in Beijing last night. 我昨晚到达北京。
I arrived at Beijing Airport last night. 我昨晚到达北京机场。
【经典练】
1.(2024·四川泸州·一模)—Do you know the spacewoman Wang Yaping?
—Sure. She is called the mother who ________ the stars.
A.gave out B.reached for C.looked after D.put away
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你知道女航天员王亚萍吗?——当然。她被称为伸手摘星的母亲。
考查动词短语。gave out分发;reached for伸手去拿;looked after照顾;put away放好。根据“who ... the stars”可知,是指伸手去摘星星。故选B。
2.Don't put the food out of his if you leave. It's difficult for him to move with his broken legs.
A.reach B.feel C.taste D.touch
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你离开,不要把食物放在他够不到的地方。让他用伤腿移动太难了。A.触摸;B.感觉;C.品尝;D.触摸。首先,out of,表示在...之外。根据后一句,他用伤腿移动太难了。所以前一句要表达不要把吃的放到他够不到的地方。根据句意,此空是触摸,到达的意思,此空应填reach,更符合语境,故选A。
【写作佳句】(2023·福建福州·福建省福州延安中学校考二模)A true friend is a person who reaches for your hand and touches your heart.句意:一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并触动你心灵的人。
考点16 share v. 分享;共享;共用;分摊
The twins share a room. 这对双胞胎合住一间房间。
【知识拓展】
share...with sb. 与某人分享……
My best friend shares her happiness and sadness with me.
我最好的朋友与我分享她的快乐与悲伤。
【经典练】
1.—Is this your bedroom, Linda?
—Yes, it’s also my sister’s. My sister and I ________ a bedroom.
A.sweep B.share C.choose
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是你的卧室吗,琳达?——是的,也是我姐姐的。我和我姐姐共用一间卧室。
考查动词词义辨析。sweep打扫;share合用;choose选择。根据“Yes, it’s also my sister’s.”可知,此处指我和我姐姐共用一间卧室。故选B。
2.There is a computer in my home, and my father and I ________ it.
A.share B.spell C.speak D.send
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我家有一台电脑,我和爸爸共用。
考查动词词义辨析。share分享;spell拼写;speak说话;send寄,送。根据“my father and I...it”可知,此句是说我和父亲共用,故选A。
【写作佳句】(2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题)—Simon, we can save energy by riding shared bicycles.
—That’s true.Moreover , using air conditioners less is also a good way.句意:——Simon,我们可以通过骑共享自行车来节约能源。——那确实。而且,少用空调也是一个好办法。
一.语法精讲——形容词、副词的比较级
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较,表示其中一个比另一个"更……"或"较……",后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时,形容词要用比较级形式,形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择,意为"哪一个更……"。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy? 莉莉和露西相比,谁更高?
三、形容词比较级的变化
1. 形容词或副词的比较级的规则变化:
构成方式
例词
规则变化
单音节和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er,-est
small→smaller→smallest
hard→harder→hardest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词,加-r,-st
large→larger→largest
wide→wider→widest
以两个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
big→bigger→biggest
thin→thinner→thinnest
以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er,-est
ugly→uglier→ugliest
early→earlier→earliest
少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词,词尾加-er,-est
narrow→narrower→narrowest
clever→cleverer→cleverest
多音节
其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词,在词前加more,most
important→more important→most important easily→more easily→most easily
【记忆口诀】
比较级规则变化口诀
两者之间做比较,尾巴-er少不了;
一般词尾加-er,有e词尾只加-r;
单一辅音单音节,双写词尾加-er;
辅音加y很重要,去y变i加-er;
双多音节字太长,前加more比它强。
2. 不规则变化
不规则变化
bad/badly→worse→worst;much/many→more→most;good/well→better→best;
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;old→older/elder→oldest /eldest;little→less→least
【易错警示】
1. farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别:二者表示距离时,往往可互换,但是用于引申义,表示程度时,只能使用后者。
He can throw much farther/further than you. 他可以比你扔得远得多。
His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education. 他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。
2. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别:前者用于人或者物,可作定语和表语,可与than连用,而后者主要用于家人之间,表明长幼关系,往往用于人,不用于物,而且只作定语不作表语,也不与than连用。
I’m two years older than him. 我比他大两岁。
His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。
【记忆口诀】
不规则名词变化记忆口诀
合二为一共三对,坏病两多和两好;
一分为二有两个,一是远来二是老;
还有一词含双义,只记少来不记小。
(对应的词为:bad/ill,many/much,good/well,far,old,little)
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰,起强调作用,不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
Believe me, you really look much better than before.
相信我,你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。
They went there a little later than others.
他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。
It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、形容词、副词比较级的用法
1. 最基本句型"主语 + be(is/am/are) + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象"。than后接人称代词时可以是主格或宾格。than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。
She is a little more outgoing than me.
她比我性格外向一点。
2. 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰,起强调作用,不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.
今天很冷,但明天会更冷。
3. 在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily?
你认为谁更漂亮,露茜还是莉莉?
4. 当两者比较只出现一方,含有of the two/of the twins结构时,比较级前要加the,意为"两个中比较……的一个"。
He is the taller of the two boys. 他是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。
5. "get/become + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级"是"变得越来越……"的意思,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当表示"越来越……"时,形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词,用"more and more+原级"结构。
It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。
6. "the + 形容词比较级…, the + 形容词比较级…"意为"越……就越……"。两个"比较级"不要求一定词性相同,它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。
The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.
你学习越努力,你的成绩就越好。
7. 表示"比……大(长、多、宽……)几倍",用"…times + 形容词比较级 + than…"结构。
Our classroom is twice larger than yours.
我们的教室比你们的大两倍。
8. 表示"重几斤"、"高几厘米"、"大几岁"等,可用"表示数量的词 + 形容词比较级 + than…"。
Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。
9. 当表达"……之一"、"第几大/小/高/矮……"时,往往用最高级,而不用比较级。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
10. "形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词"表示"……比其他的任何……都……",此句型可以换成最高级。
Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.
=Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class.
李磊是班上最聪明的学生。
11. "more+形容词"与"less +形容词"及not so(as)…as的互换。要注意前后比较对象要倒换位置。
Chinese is more important than English.
=English is less important than Chinese.
=English is not so important as Chinese. 汉语比英语重要。
12. 比较级的替代。
使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词 that。若前一个比较项是可数名词复数,则后一个比较项可为替代词those。
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。
The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
一班同学比二班同学学习用功。
比较级的使用原则:
(1)自身不进行比较,排除自己的方法是使用 any other。
He is taller than any other boy in his class. (不能去掉other)他比他班里的其他任何男孩都高。
(2)比较的对象必须是同类的人或事物。
My name is longer than yours. (不能将yours写成 you)我的名字比你的名字长。
【名师点睛】
1. 两者进行比较,表示"一方比另一方更……"时用
2. 两者进行比较,表示"一方与另一方一样……"时用
3. 两者进行比较,问"其中哪一个更……"时用
二、谈论人物的个性特征
本单元的话题是谈论人物的个性特征,本单元的写作题目与描写人物的个性特征相关。写此类短文时,要抓住所比较的人物的特点,从外貌特征(如tall, short, thin, fat, long/short hair等)、个性特点(如outgoing, funny, friendly, hard-working, smart等)等方面来描述。若要进行人物个性特征的比较,则要写出他们的相同点和不同点,并能够正确使用比较级进行表达。语言要精炼、准确,行文要流畅。
【词汇积累】
1. tall/thin/heavy/long hair/short hair高的/瘦的/长发/短发
1. funny/friendly/outgoing/hard-working/smart/lazy搞笑的/友好的/外向的/努力的/聪明的/懒惰的
1. be similar to与.......相似
1. be talented in在.......有天赋
1. like doing sth.喜欢做
1. be serious about 对.......认真
1. care about 关心
1. work hard努力学习
1. play sports做体育运动
1. be good at 擅长
1. as...as与.......一样
1. be different from与.......不同
1. bring out 使显示
1. the same as 和.......相同
1. as long as只要
【句式积累】
1.I have a best friend. His/her name is...我有一个好朋友,她/他的名字是....
2.She has long hair/short hair...她留着长发/短发......
3.But we have some differences...但是我们有一些不同.......
4.I am more outgoing than him.我比他外向。
5.She is not as...as I am.她不如我....
6.He is good at...他很擅长.......
7.We both like...我们都喜欢........
8.I work harder than her.我比她学习努力。
9.She is talented in music.她在音乐方面有天赋。
10.He likes to do the same things as me.他喜欢做和我一样的事情。
11.My friend truly cares about me.我的朋友真地很关心我。
12.We can talk about and share everything.我们可以互相交谈并且分享一切。
13.We enjoy studying together.我们喜欢在一起学习。
14.I think friends are like books-you don’t need a lot of them as long as they are good.我觉得朋友像书-不需要太多只要足够好。
15.It’s not necessary to be the same没必要一样。
16.I believe we will become better and better.我相信我们会变得越来越好。
17.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
18.True friends are always there for you.真正的朋友会一直陪在你身边。
19.I will miss him.我会想念他。
20.I hope we will be good friends forever.我希望我们将永远是好朋友。
※ 开头句
①My best friend is Li Yun./Li Yun is my best friend.
②My friends and I have a lot in common,but we still have some differences.
③As the saying goes,“You don't need a lot of friends as long as they're good.”
※ 中间句
①She often wears a pink shirt and blue trousers.
②I think she is very kind-hearted.
③She is outgoing and always makes people around her happy and relaxed.
④Both of us like to make new friends and we also love to help other people.
※ 结尾句
①Even though we have differences,we are still very good friends.
②I feel happy to have such a good friend.
③I hope our friendship will last forever.
【谚语积累】
1.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
2.A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难,失朋友易。
【万能写作模板】
我和我最好的朋友
介绍自己和朋友: My best friend is Linda . We became friends three years ago .
比较自己和好朋友的异同:In some ways we are the same . In some ways we are different .
总结:Although we have differences , we are good friends.
典例:
真正的朋友,在你获得成功的时候,会为你高兴;在你遇到不幸或悲伤的时候,会给你及时的支持;在你犯错误的时候,会给你正确的批评和帮助.这样的友谊才是真正可贵的.请你写一篇短文介绍一下你和你最好的朋友,80词左右.
体裁:记叙文 人称:以第三人称和第一人称为主
要求:
1.简要说明你的择友观;
2.简单比较一下你和好友之间的外貌、性格、爱好的异同点(要求使用比较级);
3.简述一件你们共同经历的事(如学校郊游、才艺表演等),体现好友对你的帮助.
注意:短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息.
My best friend_________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
思路导引
表明自己的择友观→I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.
比较自己和好友之间的外貌、性格、爱好的异同点
Differences:
Linda: quieter, taller, long hair, does well in English and Chinese
Me: noisier, shorter, short hair, be good at math
Similarities: like doing homework together, help each other, like playing tennis
简述一件和好友共同经历的事,表达对好友的感情
I took part in the school talent show, felt so nervous
Linda encouraged me and kept helping me
did my best and won first prize
bring out the best in me, feel so lucky to have such a friend
词句积累
词汇
be the same as 和······相同 be different from与······不同
be good at擅长······ do well in 在······方面做得好
help each other 互相帮助 feel lucky感到幸运
bring out the best in me 把我最好的一面表现出来 win first prize 获得一等奖
句子
1.I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.我认为朋友没有必要一样.
2.We like to do our homework together after school and we always help each other.我们喜欢放学后一起做作业,我们总是互相帮助.
3.I'm good at... but Linda does well in...我擅长·····而琳达在······方面做得好.
4.I still remember when I...,I felt.., at first.我仍然记得当我·····时,一开始我感到·······
5.As soon as Linda knew my problem, she encouraged me and kept helping me.琳达一知道我的问题,就
鼓励我并一直帮助我.
6.At last, I did my best and won first prize.最终,我尽了最大的努力,并获得了一等奖.
7.She often helps to bring out the best in me.她经常帮我把最好的一面表现出来.
8.I feel lucky to have such a friend.我很幸运有这样一个朋友.
9.谚A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情.
佳作展示
My best friend Linda
①I don't think it's necessary for friends to be the same.
My best friend is Linda. ②She is very different from me. ②She is much quieter and taller than me. She always has long hair but I like short hair. ③I'm good at math but Linda does well in English and Chinese. We like doing our homework together after school and we always help each other. We both like playing tennis.
I still remember when I took part in the school talent show, I felt so nervous at first. I couldn't do my best on stage.④ As soon as Linda knew my problem, she encouraged me and kept helping me. At last, I did my best and won first prize. ⑤She often helps to bring out the best in me, and I feel so lucky to have such a friend.
名师点评
本文符合写作要求,条理清晰、结构严谨,运用了丰富的短语和句式,表明了自己的择友观以及自己最好的朋友Linda的情况.
①用"it's(not) +adj. +to do sth."句式言简意赅地表明了自己的择友观.
②用 be different from 短语和"比较级+than"结构表明了作者和朋友的外貌以及性格差异.
③用 be good at和do well in 短语表明了自己和Linda 各自擅长的学科.
④用含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句,强调Linda对自己的关心和帮助.
⑤用bring out 短语表明 Linda对自己的帮助很大,同时体现了作者活学活用的能力.
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
(一)完成单词梳理:
名词:1. competition 比赛;竞赛 2. mirror 镜子 3. kid 小孩;年轻人
4. grade 成绩等级 5. hand 手 6. saying 谚语;格言
7. heart 内心;心脏 8. fact 现实;事实 9. information 信息;消息
10. arm 手臂;上肢
动词:1. win 获胜;赢 2. care 在意;关心 3. should 应该;应当
4. reach 伸手;到达 5. touch 感动;触摸 6. break 损坏
7. share 分享;共享;共用
副词:1. loudly 喧闹地;大声地;响亮地 2. quietly 轻声地;轻柔地;安静地
3. clearly 清楚地;清晰地;明白地 4. truly 真正;确实
形容词:1. outgoing 爱交际的;友好的;外向的 2. hard-working 工作努力的;辛勤的
3. fantastic 极好的;了不起的 4. talented 有才能的;有才干的
5. serious 严肃的;稳重的 6. necessary 必需的;必要的
7. loud 响亮的;大声的 8. similar 相像的;类似的
9. primary 最初的;最早的
兼类词:1. both (adj/pron)两个;两个都
2. better (adj/adv)较好的(地);更好的(地)
3. which (pron/adj)哪一个;哪一些
4. though (adv)不过;可是;然而(conj)虽然;尽管;不过
5. laugh (v)笑;发笑(n)笑声
(二) 词汇变形小结:
1. good/well (adj/adv. 好的) — better (比较级) — best (最高级)
2. loud (adj. 大声的) — loudly (adv.喧闹地)
3. quiet (adj. 安静的) — quietly (adv. 安静地)
4. competition (n. 竞争;比赛) — compete (v. 竞争;比赛)
5. clearly (adv. 清楚地;清晰地) — clear (adj. 清楚的;清晰的)
6. win (v. 赢;获胜) — won (过去式) — winner (n. 获胜者)
7. talented (adj. 有才能的) — talent (n. 才能;天赋)
8. truly(adv. 真正;确实) — true (adj. 真正的) — truth (n. 真实;真相)
9. care(v. 在意;关心) — careful (adj. 认真的;细心的)
10. serious(adj. 严肃的;稳重的) — seriously (adv. 严重地;严肃地)
11. say(v. 说) — saying (n. 谚语;格言)
12. touch(v. 感动;触摸) — touching (adj. 令人感动的) — touched (adj. 感动的)
13. break(v. 破坏) — broke (过去式)
(三) 短语攻关:
care about 关心;在意 be talented in 在……有天赋
both...and... ……和……都 play the drums 敲鼓
the singing competition 歌唱比赛 be similar to 与……相像的
bring out 使显现 the same as 和……相同
be different from 与……不同 as long as 只要
in fact 事实上 primary school 小学
get good grades 取得好成绩 have fun doing sth 做某事很开心
make sb do sth 让某人做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事
make friends 交朋友 be like 像……一样
用法集萃
1. the same as...意为“与······相同”。
My birthday is the same as Tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
I have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。
be different from...意为“和······不一样”,是the same as...的反义词组。
Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同;不用之处”,可做可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。例如:
There is no difference between the twins. 那对双胞胎长得一模一样。
[拓展]be similar to 意为“和······相似”
2. as...as 与……一样; not as/so...as 不如···中间加形容词或副词的原级。
He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
She isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。
3. win “赢得,获得”,后面常接战争、比赛、游戏、奖品等。
beat“打败”,后面只能跟竞争的对手。
4. as long as“只要……”“既然……”,引导让步状语从句
I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下,我们就会平安无事。
as long as “与…一样长/久”
The river is as long as that one.这条河与那条河一样长。
5. aloud; loud; loudly
loud可用作形容词或副词。作形容词时,意为“响亮的”,可作定语或表语;作副词时,意为“高声地; 响亮地”,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用。如:
Don’t make loud noise, please. 请不要大吵大闹。
Facts speak louder than eloquence. 事实胜于雄辩。
aloud常与动词read连用,强调从不出声到出声,别人能听得见,但声音不一定很大, 没有比较级和最高级形式。如:
Don’t read aloud in the library. 在图书馆里不要朗读。
loudly为副词,与loud同义,有时可与loud互换使用,但loudly通常指令人讨厌的声音。如:
It’s not polite to shout loudly at the old. 冲老人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。
重点句子点拨:
1.Both Sam and Tom play the drums. 萨姆和汤姆都打鼓。
We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
They are both tall. 他们两个都高。[总结]:both 表示两者都,both…and…意为“···和···都···”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。[拓展]:
① neither …nor…意为“···和···都不;既不···也不···”表示两者都不。连接两个并列的主语时,谓语的单复数
形式采用“就近原则”。
Neither you nor she is right. 你和她都不对。
②either…or…意为“或者···或者····”,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”。
Either you or she is wrong. 不是你错了,就是他错了。
③not only…but also…意为“不仅···而且···”,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”。
Not only I but also she likes playing drums. 不仅我喜欢打鼓,而且她也喜欢打鼓。
2. The one with short hair. 留着短头发的那个。
点拨: with为介词,意为“具有,带有,有····的”。
I want to have a house with a swimming pool. 我想有一栋带有游泳池的房子。
[拓展] ①with意为“和···一起”。
He is playing with his friends. 他正和他的朋友一起玩。
②with意为“用···”,强调使用具体的工具。
Please cut it with a knife. 请用刀把它切开。
3.Tina thinks she works harder than me.
点拨:(1) work hard努力工作/学习, hard work艰苦的工作, hard-working adj. 工作努力的,辛勤的
He work hard at English and he is a hard-working student.他努力学习英语,他是一个勤奋的好学生。
(2) she works harder than me作think 的宾语,是宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序。
I don’t know what her name is.我不知道她叫什么名字。
4. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
点拨:(1) make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
使役动词make /let 和see /hear /watch等感官动词都接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
My teacher makes me do my homework every day.我老师每天都让我做家庭作业。
(2) laugh v. 笑 & n. 笑;笑声
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。
We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。
5. I’m shy, so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
点拨:(1) It is + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. 句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,sb.为名词或代词的宾格形式。
词句中的形容词主要有:easy, hard, difficult, important, interesting等
It’s better for you to live alone for some time.你单独住一段时间更好些。
It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth. 句型中的形容词表示人的性格与品质,主要有:kind, good, nice, wrong等
It is very nice of you to give me such a good present for my birthday.你给我这么好的礼物真是太好了。
(2) make friends交朋友。
典句必背
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister. 我比我妹妹更外向。
2. Who’s more hard-working at school? 在学校谁比较勤奋。
3. The most important thing is to learn something and have fun. 最重要的事是学到东西,并过得快乐。
4. Who is smarter, your mother or your father? 你妈妈和你爸爸谁更聪明。
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