Unit 1 Teenage life 重点词汇导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Book 1 Unit 1 Teenage Life

Words and Expressions

【Learning Objective】To master the useful words and expressions in this unit.

1. volunteer   n. 志愿者   vt. & vi. 自愿（做某事）

eg. As a volunteer, he often does voluntary work, and he always volunteers to help those in need.

作为一名志愿者，他经常做志愿工作，他总是自愿帮助有需要的人。

单句语法填空

①When Mary arrived at our village, she volunteered ____to teach____ (teach) in our school.  

②In my opinion, you had better do some ____voluntary____ (volunteer) work at the weekends.

2. debate   n. 辩论；争论  vt. &vi. 辩论；争论

(1) under debate 在辩论/讨论中  a heated/ lively debate (on/ about/ over... ）一场激烈的/热烈的（关于……的争论） beyond/ without debate 无可争辩      open/ close a debate 开始/结束辩论 (2)debate sth. with sb. 同某人辩论/讨论某事 debate (with sb.) on/about sth. （与某人）讨论某事  debate+特殊疑问词/ whether＋to do sth. 从句 讨论……

eg. The bill is under debate and hasn’t been passed yet. 该法案正在讨论中，尚未通过。

eg. There is a fierce/heated debate about/on/over the question whether the experiment should be allowed.  在是否进行这个实验的问题上展开了激烈的争论。

eg. The two sides debated whether to raise the prices of the goods. 双方讨论了是否提高商品的价格。

练习

①We’re debating whether or not ____to go_____ (go) skiing this winter.

②The question of building a third airport is still ____under_____ debate. 

③The two sides debated ____with_____ each other _____on/about____ the question of the origin of the universe.

④整个班级讨论是否应该禁止在学校使用手机。

The whole class __are debating whether to ban mobile phones in school____.  

3. prefer  (preferred , preferred, preferring)   vt. 更喜欢；宁愿

(1)  prefer to do sth./ prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer sb. to do sth. 更想让某人做某事 prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A prefer doing A to doing B prefer to do A rather than do B  宁愿做A而不愿做B would rather do A than do B would do A rather than do B (2)  preference  n.喜爱；偏爱；优待；优先 express/show/have a preference for... 偏爱……   in preference to 而不是 (3)  preferable  adj. 更合适的

eg. I prefer to walk there rather than go by car. = I would rather walk there than go by car. = I would walk there rather than go by car.  比起开车我更喜欢走着去那里。

eg. Many people expressed a preference for the original plan.许多人表示更喜欢原计划。

eg. I prefer the preferable suggestion you mentioned in the book in preference to the words you told me yesterday. 我更喜欢你在书中提到的那个更可取的建议，而不是你昨天告诉我的那些话。

练习

①You prefer healthy food ____to___ fast food.

②The boss prefers_____to reduce_____ (reduce) the sales rather than cut the costs.

③Most people prefer ____riding______(ride) to work to____driving_____ (drive) as the free-bicycle service is offered.

④Rather than _____ride_____(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ____to ride____(ride) a bicycle.

⑤I prefer him not_____to suffer______ (suffer) from such great pressure. ()

4. content  n. 满足；内容，主题  [pl.] 目录；所含之物  vt. 使满足 adj. 满足的；满意的

(1)      feel/be content with... 对……感到满足/满意 (= be satisfied/ pleased with ) be content to do sth. 愿意做某事 (= be willing to do sth. ) (2)      with content 满意地；满足地   (3)      content oneself with... 满足于…… (4)      discontent  adj.不满意 (5)      contentment  n.满意，满足

eg. We must not be content with such a small success.  我们不应该满足于这样的小成就。

eg. My parents are content to live in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.

我父母乐意在空气新鲜、干净的农村生活。

eg. We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我们切不可仅仅满足于书本知识。

单句语法填空

①Are you content ____with______ your present achievements?

②He contented _______himself______(he) with a small income.  

5. suitable  adj. 合适的；适用的；适宜的

(1)      be suitable for sb./ sth. 适合于某人/某物     be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 (2)      unsuitable  adj.不合适的 (3)      suit  vt.相配，合身；适合；对……方便  n.西装；一套衣服

拓展：

-able是常见的形容词后缀，表示“能……的，可……的；具有……性质的”，其构成的单词还有：drinkable（可饮用的）, believable（可相信的）, enjoyable（令人愉快的）

eg. I don’t have anything suitable to wear for the party.  我没有适合在晚会上穿的衣服。

eg. There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China.

有适合每个人口味，来自中国各地的传统菜肴。

eg. You’d better choose the suit that suits you. As you know, what is suitable for others may be unsuitable for you. 你最好选择一套合适的西装。正如你所知道的，适合别人的未必适合你。

I believe he is suitable ___for____ his new job. =I believe his new job ___suits____ him. （同义句转换）

6. challenge  n. 挑战；艰巨任务  vt. 怀疑；向······挑战；质疑

(1)      the challenge of (doing) sth. (做)某事的挑战 face a challenge 面临挑战               meet the challenge of... 迎接……的挑战 accept/take up/rise to a challenge接受挑战 (2)      challenge sb. to (do) sth. 挑战某人 (做) 某事     challenge the fact that... 对……的事实提出异议 (3)      challenger  n.挑战者  (4)      challenging  adj.挑战性的

eg. Schools must meet the challenge of new technology. 学校必须迎接新技术的挑战。

eg. Mary challenged me to (play) another tennis game. 玛丽向我挑战，要我跟她再打一场网球。

eg. Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth goes round the sun. 

   现在没有人会对地球绕着太阳转这一事实提出异议。

eg. There is a challenge from Class Two. They want to challenge us to a game of football, so we have to be ready to meet the challenge next week.

单句语法填空

①Although the game was ____challenging____ (challenge), he didn’t feel ___challenged____ but challenged himself ____to____ it without hesitation.

②Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team ____is a great challenge_____ (是一个巨大的挑战).  

7. confuse    vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑；混淆

(1)      confuse A with/and B  将A和B混淆 (2)      confusing  adj.难以理解的；不清楚的    (3)      confused  adj.迷惑的，糊涂的（人或人的声音、表情等） be confused about... 对……感到困惑 (4)      confusion  n.迷惑；困惑   fall into confusion陷入混乱   in confusion 困惑中

eg. If you have any questions or are confused about anything, email me.

如果您有任何问题或对任何事情感到困惑，请给我发电子邮件。

eg. I can’t see how anyone could confuse you with another person!

我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！

eg. They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion and not knowing what to do next. 他们问了那么多难以理解的问题，让我很困惑。我彻底糊涂了，困窘地站在那里，不知道接下来要做什么。

用confuse的适当形式填空

There was a ___confused_____ look on his face when he met with a ____confusing____ problem. (confuse)  

8. graduate   vi.&vt. 毕业；获得学位   n.毕业生

graduate from...   毕业于...学校       graduate in... 毕业于...专业 graduation  n.毕业                  after graduation 毕业后

注意：graduate是一个短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用。 

eg: Lily was a graduate who graduated from Beijing Normal University. She graduated in English. After graduation, she became a teacher in her hometown.  

9. recommend    vt. 建议，劝告；介绍，推荐

(1)  recommend doing sth. 建议做某事    recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人（应该）做某事 (2)  recommend sb. sth. = recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb. as/ for... 推荐某人担任…… (3)  recommendation  n.推荐；介绍；建议  a letter of recommendation  推荐信

拓展：

recommend（建议）后跟虚拟语气的宾语从句，谓语用“ (should) +动词原形”。类似用法的单词还有：advise, order, suggest（建议）；request, demand（要求）等。

eg. My parents recommended me to make more friends.

eg. The judge recommended that he (should) serve 5 years in prison.法官建议判处他入狱服刑5年。

eg. She has been recommended for promotion. 已经有人推荐给她升职。

eg. I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art.我向任何对艺术感兴趣的人推荐这本书。

单句语法填空

①I recommend her_____to think_____ (think) very carefully before she does anything foolish.

②Because of the bad weather，I recommended _____putting_____ (put) off the sports meet.

③As a student, I really want to recommend the book ___to___you.

④I recommend (that) he ___see_____ (see) a lawyer.

10. advance  n. 前进；发展   vi. 前进；发展

(1)  in advance 提前；预先 (= ahead of time ) in advance of (时间上) 在……之前；(发展上) 超前 make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展 (2)  advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进 (3)  advanced  adj.高级的；先进的     advanced technology  先进技术

eg. If you aren’t nervous about the coming exam, you are sure to be far in advance of your class.

如果你对即将到来的考试不紧张，你一定会在班上遥遥领先的。

eg. A group of students are advancing towards our school library.

有一群学生正向我们学校图书馆走来。

单句语法填空

①The course is intended for _____advanced______(advance) learners. 

②We are working hard ____to advance____(advance) the cause of world peace.

③If the meeting is cancelled, we should be informed _____in____ advance.  

11. quit  (quit/ quitted, quit/ quitted, quitting)  vt. &vi. 停止；戒掉；离开 (工作职位、学校等)

quit doing sth. 停止做某事             quit school/one's job 退学/离职 quit as... 辞去……职务