【同步100分背默】Unit6 Ancient stories知识清单-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步知识背默（沪教牛津版）

【同步100分背默】Unit6 Ancient stories知识清单 一．重点词句背默 重点单词 1. 古代的 2.Trojan 3. 战争 4.understand (understood, understood) 5. 差别;不同(之处) 6.pyramid 7. 首领 8.Greek 9. 用武力夺取;攻占 10. 士兵 11. 巨大的 12. (向某方向)拖,拉动 13. 主要的 14. 庆祝;庆贺 15. 笨的;傻的 16. 午夜;子夜 17. 空的 18. 除……之外 19. 秘密的 20. 侧面 21. 安静地 22. 陆军部队 23. 进来;进入 24. 达到目的;实现目标 25. 计谋 26. 王子 27. 王后 28.steal (stole,stolen) 29. 处罚;惩罚 30. (戏剧或歌剧的)场 31.sir 重点短语 1. 将……表演出来 2. 在古代 3. 如此多的历史 4. 放弃 5. 乘船离开 6. 把……拉进…… 7. 拿……开玩笑; 以……为笑柄 8. 入睡 9. 到午夜 10. 除……之外 11. 在....的一边 12. (有)大量的; (有)许多的 13. 从……中爬出来 14. 一个接一个 15. 成功做某事 16. 施伎俩于…… 17. 爱上…… 18. 最后 19. 猛地一惊 20. 俯视 21. 入睡; 睡着 22. 想起, 想到 23. (用于命令)快; 加油; 加把劲 24. 遥远 25. 把...填充... 26. 受到攻击 27. 把....调转 28. 超过; 比...多…… 词形变换 1.Trojan→(名词) 2.understand→(名词) 3.difference→(形容词) 4.Greek→(名词) 5.huge→(同义词) 6.pull→(反义词) 7.celebrate→(名词) 8.stupid→(同义词) 9.empty→(反义词) 10.punish→(名词) 11.capture→(现在分词) 12.sleepy→(名词) 13.possible→(反义词) 14.danger→(形容词) 重点句型 1.They've capture our city for ten years. 他们设法攻城有十年之久。 2.Get some help and the city. 找人来帮忙把它拖进城去。 3.I haven't like this my childhood. 自从童年以来，我就没有这样开怀大笑过。 4. midnight,the main square was empty, the huge horse. 午夜时分,中心广场空无一人，只有那匹巨大的木马。 5.They climbed out of the horse . 他们一个接一个悄无声息地爬出了木马。 6.For ten years,the Greeks by fighting. 十年来,希腊人无法以武力攻下这座城市。 7.In one night,however,they it through a clever trick. 然而,一夜之间，他们成功地用妙计拿下了它。 二．易错点记忆 一．give up的用法 教材原文　Now they’ve given up and sailed away!现在他们已经认输并驾船离去了! give up在此处意为“认输;投降”,是不及物动词短语。 They gave up without a fight. 他们不战而降。 归纳拓展 give up还可意为“放弃”,其宾语可以是名词、代词或v.-ing形式,但不能接动词不定式。宾语是代词时,要将代词置于give和up之间。 根据所给汉语意思,用单词或短语完成英文句子。 无论何时你遇到挑战,都不要放弃! Whenever you face challenges, don’t 　 　    ! 二．pull的用法 教材原文　Get some help and pull it into the city.找些人帮忙把它拖进城里。 pull在此处用作及物动词,意为“拖;拉”,指用手把某物用力地向自己的方向拉并使其移动。其后跟名词、代词作宾语。其反义词为push (推)。 Please pull the door. Don’t push it.请拉门。不要推门。 We need to 　　    because teamwork is very important. A.run out　     B.go off C.pull together　     D.pass by 三．empty的用法 教材原文　By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.到了午夜,除了那匹巨型木马,主广场空荡荡的。 empty 在句中作形容词,意为“空的”,反义词为full(满的)。 This is an empty room.这是一个空房间。 归纳拓展 empty还可以作动词,意为“倒空;腾空”,反义词为fill(填满)。 根据首字母及句意写出完整单词。 My mother often tells me it’s impolite to hit an e　　     bowl with chopsticks. 四．succeed的用法 教材原文　In one night,however,they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.然而,凭借一个聪明的计谋,他们一夜之间成功攻下了它(特洛伊城)。 succeed在此处作不及物动词,意为“达到目的;实现目标”,其反义词为fail(失败)。常用短语:succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”。 If you work hard, you will succeed.如果你努力工作,你就会成功。 归纳拓展 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 最后成功登顶时,我们为自己感到自豪。 We took pride in ourselves when we 　　　　　 　　　    the top of the mountain finally. 五．except、besides与except for except 意为“除……之外”,所接的宾语与句子的主语属于同一类,指在同类的整体中除去一部分(排除关系) We all went to the zoo except Tom.除汤姆之外,我们都去动物园了。(汤姆没去) besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”,包括besides后的内容(相加关系) We all went to the zoo besides Tom.除了汤姆,我们也都去了动物园。(包括汤姆) except for 意为“除……以外”,for后面接的宾语与句子主语不是同一类,表示从整体中除去一个细 节、一个方面(修正关系) The room is very clean except for several pieces of waste paper.除几张废纸以外,这个房间非常干净。 六．have been in的用法 教材原文　I’ve been in the Science Club for one year.我已经加入科学俱乐部一年了。 have been in意为“在某地(一段时间)”,表示一种状态,通常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 原句可改写为:I joined the Science Club one year ago. My cousin has been in the school basketball club for two months.我表弟已经加入学校篮球俱乐部两个月了。 have/has gone to 意为“去了某地”,要么到了某地,要么在去某地的路上,表示不在说话人所在的地方 —Where is your father?你爸爸在哪里? —He has gone to Beijing.他去了北京。 have/has been to 意为“去过某地(已经回来了)” He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。 Since he was a little boy, he 　　    in love with music. A.is　　 B.was C.has been　　 D.had been 七．in the end、at the end of与by the end of in the end 意为“最后;终于”,其后不接of,相当于finally/at last;强调经过变幻莫测的情况之后某事才发生 at the end of 意为“在……尽头/结尾”,后接表示时间或地点的名词 by the end of 意为“到……为止”, 其后只接时间,常用于将来时或完成时 The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded 　　    . A.at the end of　　 B.in the end C.by the end of　　 D.in the end of 八．过去分词(短语)作后置定语的用法 教材原文　There once was a man called Ed Heath...从前有一个叫Ed Heath的男子…… “called Ed Heath”在句中作后置定语。“called+名词”结构常在句中作后置定语,意为“叫……的”,called也可以用named代替。过去分词作后置定语常含有被动之意。 Do you know the boy called Jim?你认识这个叫吉姆的男孩吗? 归纳拓展 Me, too. Now, we have enough time 　　    sports. A.do　　 B.doing　　 C.to do 九．“in+一段时间”的用法 教材原文　I’ll bring you 100,000 arrows in three days.三天后我会带给你10万支箭。 “in+一段时间”表示以现在为起点的将来某一段时间之后,其中in表示“在……之后”,通常用于一般将来时。对“in+一段时间”进行提问用how soon(多久以后)。 Everything will be free in one hundred years.一百年后一切都将是免费的。 归纳拓展 “for+一段时间”表示某个动作或状态持续多长时间。对其提问用how long。 How time flies! The Spring Festival is coming　　     two months. A.at　　 B.in　　 C.on 十．made jokes make jokes about sb./ sth.  拿某人/某物开玩笑        例 You shouldn’t make jokes about the poor girl.  have a joke with sb.与某人一起说笑话  play a joke on sb 戏弄某人=make fun of= laugh at tell jokes 讲笑话     十一．My dream is to be a writer. 解析：动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表示动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。  例My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。 该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecting是动名词形式，collecting stamps在句中作表语。 十二．leave (1) 遗留；留下I’ve left my umbrella on the bus. 我把伞忘在公交车上。  (2) 离开When did you leave London?  你什么时候离开伦敦的？  (3) leave for 到......地方去I’m leaving for Beijing next month.下个月我要去北京。  (4) 放置；听任leave him alone.别管他 辨析：leave与forget leave leave sth. sp.  把某物忘在某地 forget forget sth. 忘记某事/某物 三．语法点背默 现在完成时二 一．难点理解：例句1：She has died. (✔) 例句2：She has died for two years. (❌) 备注：die 是瞬间动词，不能持续一段时间，要转换成延续性动词 be dead 改成：She has been dead for two years. (✔) 例句1：The TV has started. (✔) 例句2：The TV has started for 3 minutes. (❌) 备注：start是瞬间动词，不能持续一段时间，要转换成延续性动词 be on 改成：The TV has been on for 3 minutes. (✔) 瞬间动词 → 转换 → 延续性动词 leave / go open come / go back die buy make friends borrow join the Party begin finish 二、for和since 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，常与“since+过去时间状语/一般过去时”、“for+时间段”等表示一段时间的时间状语连用，谓语动词用延续性动词 He has lived here since 1995 自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿 He began to live here He has lived here since 1995 living here 过去 in 1995 现在 将来 I have been away from my hometown for thirty years 我离开家乡有30年了 Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened 自从该工厂成立以来，王叔叔就一直在这里工作 三、现在完成时与一般过去时区别 ①一般过去时表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系常与瞬间性动词连用(come, go, leave, start, become)等 ②现在完成时表示的动作虽然在过去发生，但是对现在产生影响 He joined the army two years ago He has been in the army for two years 一般过去时中的非延续性动词在现在完成时中要转变为相应的延续性动词 比如：left转换成has/have been away(from) died转换成has/have been dead 一. 用already或yet填空 1. —Have they taken down the old pictures _______________? —No, they haven’t taken them down _______________. 2. Most of us have finished our compositions _______________. 3. He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition _______________. 二. 用since或for填空。 1. We have learned five lessons _______________ the beginning of this term. 2. Mrs. Liao has been in hospital _______________ last week. 3. I have stayed at my aunt’s _______________ two weeks. 三. 用have/has gone或have/has been填空 1. —Where are the boy students? —They _______________to the school library. 2. —Is your father in? —No. He _______________ to Shenzhen. —_______________ he ever _______________ there before? —Yes. He _______________ there several times. 3. I don’t know if he _______________ to Hangzhou before. 4. I want to go to that city for a visit as I _______________ never _______________ there before. 四. 单项选择 (　　)1. —How long has Tina been in this school? —________ two years. A. From B. Since C. Before D. For (　　)2. —Do you like traveling? —Sure. I ________ to Australia six months ago, but I ________ anywhere since then. A. went; didn’t go B. have gone; haven’t gone C. went; haven’t gone D. went; hadn’t gone (　　)3. Zhao Lan ________ alread y ________ in this school for two years. A. has; studied B. will; study C. was; studying D. are; studying (　　)4. In my opinion, the article is not bad ________ some spelling mistakes. A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that (　　)5. I haven’t seen the film ________, but I have ________ read the book. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. ever; ever D. yet; yet (　　)6. —Have you ________ your ticket, sir? —No, I’m still ________ it. A. found; finding B. looked for; looking for C. found; looking for D. looked for; finding (　　)7. His father ________ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. was in (　　)8. Tom, along with his classmates ________ the Science Museum next weekend. A. has gone to B. was going to C. are going to D. is going to (　　)9. —Where ________ John ________? —To the library. He ________ there for an hour. A. has; been; has gone B. has; gone; has been C. did; go; went D. did; be; went (　　)10. —Have you ________ to England? —Yes, twice. A. gone B. been C. went D. go (　　)11.—Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We ________ them for many years. —Mom, but I want to keep the bear. A. bought B. had C. have bought D. have had (　　)12.—Have you watched the movie the Left Ear? —Yes, I ________ it last night with my sister. A. have watched B. watched C. will watch D. was watching (　　)13.—The TV program Voice of Youth is really great. —I think so. It ________ the hearts of lots of fans since it started. A. lose and touch B. won and touched C. has won and touched D. has lost and hit (　　)14.—________ have you lived in Lanzhou? —Since my parents found jobs here. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How old (　　)15.—When ________ you ________ here? —Two days ago. A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come 四．写作背默 我们都知道司马光砸缸的故事。请你根据下面的故事内容要点写一篇短文，向外国朋友介绍这个故事。 内容包括： 1. 几个小朋友在花园里捉迷藏。 2. 突然一个小朋友不小心掉进一个盛满水的大缸里。 3. 其他人不知所措。 4. 司马光用石头砸破大缸救了那个小朋友。 5. 大人表扬他机智救了人。 要求： 1. 字数：80字左右（标题已给出，不计入总字数）。 2. 文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥。 3. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书面规范。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【同步100分背默】Unit6 Ancient stories知识清单 一．重点词句背默 重点单词 1.ancient 古代的 2.Trojan 特洛伊的;特洛伊人 3.war 战争 4.understand (understood, understood) 懂;理解 5.difference 差别;不同(之处) 6.pyramid (古埃及的)金字塔、 7.captain 首领 8.Greek 希腊人 9.capture 用武力夺取;攻占 10.soldier 士兵 11.huge 巨大的 12.pull (向某方向)拖,拉动 13.main 主要的 14.celebrate 庆祝;庆贺 15.stupid 笨的;傻的 16.midnight 午夜;子夜 17.empty 空的 18.except 除……之外 19.secret 秘密的 20.side 侧面 21.quietly 安静地 22.army 陆军部队 23.enter 进来;进入 24.succeed 达到目的;实现目标 25.trick 计谋 26.prince 王子 27.queen 王后 28.steal (stole,stolen) 偷;窃取 29.punish 处罚;惩罚 30.scene (戏剧或歌剧的)场 31.sir 先生 重点短语 1.act out 将……表演出来 2.in ancient times 在古代 3.so much history 如此多的历史 4.give up 放弃 5.sail away 乘船离开 6.pull…into… 把……拉进…… 7.make jokes about 拿……开玩笑; 以……为笑柄 8.go to sleep 入睡 9.by midnight 到午夜 10.except for 除……之外 11.on the side of 在....的一边 12.(be)full of (有)大量的; (有)许多的 13.climb out of 从……中爬出来 14.one by one 一个接一个 15.succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 16.play a trick on... 施伎俩于…… 17.fall in love with... 爱上…… 18.in the end 最后 19.with a start 猛地一惊 20.look down at 俯视 21.fall asleep 入睡; 睡着 22.think of 想起, 想到 23.come on (用于命令)快; 加油; 加把劲 24.far away 遥远 25.fill...with... 把...填充... 26.under attack 受到攻击 27.turn...around 把....调转 more than 超过; 比...多…… 词形变换 1.Trojan→(名词) Troy 2.understand→(名词) understanding 3.difference→(形容词) different 4.Greek→(名词) Greece 5.huge→(同义词) big 6.pull→(反义词) push 7.celebrate→(名词) celebration 8.stupid→(同义词) silly/foolish 9.empty→(反义词) full 10.punish→(名词) punishment 11.capture→(现在分词) capturing 12.sleepy→(名词) sleep 13.possible→(反义词) impossible 14.danger→(形容词) dangerous 重点句型 1.They've tried to capture our city for ten years. 他们设法攻城有十年之久。 2.Get some help and pull it into the city. 找人来帮忙把它拖进城去。 3.I haven't laughed like this since my childhood. 自从童年以来，我就没有这样开怀大笑过。 4.By midnight,the main square was empty,except for the huge horse. 午夜时分,中心广场空无一人，只有那匹巨大的木马。 5.They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one. 他们一个接一个悄无声息地爬出了木马。 6.For ten years,the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. 十年来,希腊人无法以武力攻下这座城市。 7.In one night,however,they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick. 然而,一夜之间，他们成功地用妙计拿下了它。 二．易错点记忆 一．give up的用法 教材原文　Now they’ve given up and sailed away!现在他们已经认输并驾船离去了! give up在此处意为“认输;投降”,是不及物动词短语。 They gave up without a fight. 他们不战而降。 归纳拓展 give up还可意为“放弃”,其宾语可以是名词、代词或v.-ing形式,但不能接动词不定式。宾语是代词时,要将代词置于give和up之间。 根据所给汉语意思,用单词或短语完成英文句子。 无论何时你遇到挑战,都不要放弃! Whenever you face challenges, don’t 　 　    ! give up 二．pull的用法 教材原文　Get some help and pull it into the city.找些人帮忙把它拖进城里。 pull在此处用作及物动词,意为“拖;拉”,指用手把某物用力地向自己的方向拉并使其移动。其后跟名词、代词作宾语。其反义词为push (推)。 Please pull the door. Don’t push it.请拉门。不要推门。 We need to 　　    because teamwork is very important. A.run out　     B.go off C.pull together　     D.pass by 解析：考查短语辨析。句意:我们需要齐心协力,因为团队合作非常重要。run out意为“用完;耗尽”;go off意为“(以某种方式)发生;爆炸”;pull together意为“齐心协力”;pass by意为“经过”。故选C。 三．empty的用法 教材原文　By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.到了午夜,除了那匹巨型木马,主广场空荡荡的。 empty 在句中作形容词,意为“空的”,反义词为full(满的)。 This is an empty room.这是一个空房间。 归纳拓展 empty还可以作动词,意为“倒空;腾空”,反义词为fill(填满)。 根据首字母及句意写出完整单词。 My mother often tells me it’s impolite to hit an e　　     bowl with chopsticks. 解析：句意:我妈妈经常告诉我用筷子敲空碗是不礼貌的。根据句意可知空处填empty。 四．succeed的用法 教材原文　In one night,however,they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.然而,凭借一个聪明的计谋,他们一夜之间成功攻下了它(特洛伊城)。 succeed在此处作不及物动词,意为“达到目的;实现目标”,其反义词为fail(失败)。常用短语:succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”。 If you work hard, you will succeed.如果你努力工作,你就会成功。 归纳拓展 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 最后成功登顶时,我们为自己感到自豪。 We took pride in ourselves when we 　　　　　 　　　    the top of the mountain finally. succeeded in reaching 五．except、besides与except for except 意为“除……之外”,所接的宾语与句子的主语属于同一类,指在同类的整体中除去一部分(排除关系) We all went to the zoo except Tom.除汤姆之外,我们都去动物园了。(汤姆没去) besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”,包括besides后的内容(相加关系) We all went to the zoo besides Tom.除了汤姆,我们也都去了动物园。(包括汤姆) except for 意为“除……以外”,for后面接的宾语与句子主语不是同一类,表示从整体中除去一个细 节、一个方面(修正关系) The room is very clean except for several pieces of waste paper.除几张废纸以外,这个房间非常干净。 六．have been in的用法 教材原文　I’ve been in the Science Club for one year.我已经加入科学俱乐部一年了。 have been in意为“在某地(一段时间)”,表示一种状态,通常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 原句可改写为:I joined the Science Club one year ago. My cousin has been in the school basketball club for two months.我表弟已经加入学校篮球俱乐部两个月了。 have/has gone to 意为“去了某地”,要么到了某地,要么在去某地的路上,表示不在说话人所在的地方 —Where is your father?你爸爸在哪里? —He has gone to Beijing.他去了北京。 have/has been to 意为“去过某地(已经回来了)” He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。 Since he was a little boy, he 　　    in love with music. A.is　　 B.was C.has been　　 D.had been 解析：考查动词时态。句意:当他还是个小男孩的时候,他就爱上了音乐。由“Since he was a little boy”可知,此处强调动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,使用现在完成时,故选C。 七．in the end、at the end of与by the end of in the end 意为“最后;终于”,其后不接of,相当于finally/at last;强调经过变幻莫测的情况之后某事才发生 at the end of 意为“在……尽头/结尾”,后接表示时间或地点的名词 by the end of 意为“到……为止”, 其后只接时间,常用于将来时或完成时 The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded 　　    . A.at the end of　　 B.in the end C.by the end of　　 D.in the end of 解析： at the end of和by the end of后均要接宾语;in the end后不接of。故选B。 八．过去分词(短语)作后置定语的用法 教材原文　There once was a man called Ed Heath...从前有一个叫Ed Heath的男子…… “called Ed Heath”在句中作后置定语。“called+名词”结构常在句中作后置定语,意为“叫……的”,called也可以用named代替。过去分词作后置定语常含有被动之意。 Do you know the boy called Jim?你认识这个叫吉姆的男孩吗? 归纳拓展 Me, too. Now, we have enough time 　　    sports. A.do　　 B.doing　　 C.to do 解析：考查动词不定式。我也是,现在我们就有足够时间去做运动了。不定式作名词的后置定语。故选C。 九．“in+一段时间”的用法 教材原文　I’ll bring you 100,000 arrows in three days.三天后我会带给你10万支箭。 “in+一段时间”表示以现在为起点的将来某一段时间之后,其中in表示“在……之后”,通常用于一般将来时。对“in+一段时间”进行提问用how soon(多久以后)。 Everything will be free in one hundred years.一百年后一切都将是免费的。 归纳拓展 “for+一段时间”表示某个动作或状态持续多长时间。对其提问用how long。 How time flies! The Spring Festival is coming　　     two months. A.at　　 B.in　　 C.on 解析：考查介词用法。句意:时间过得真快!还有两个月就要过春节了。“in+一段时间”表示“……以后”,通常用于一般将来时。故选B。 十．made jokes make jokes about sb./ sth.  拿某人/某物开玩笑        例 You shouldn’t make jokes about the poor girl.  have a joke with sb.与某人一起说笑话  play a joke on sb 戏弄某人=make fun of= laugh at tell jokes 讲笑话     十一．My dream is to be a writer. 解析：动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表示动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。  例My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。 该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecting是动名词形式，collecting stamps在句中作表语。 十二．leave (1) 遗留；留下I’ve left my umbrella on the bus. 我把伞忘在公交车上。  (2) 离开When did you leave London?  你什么时候离开伦敦的？  (3) leave for 到......地方去I’m leaving for Beijing next month.下个月我要去北京。  (4) 放置；听任leave him alone.别管他 辨析：leave与forget leave leave sth. sp.  把某物忘在某地 forget forget sth. 忘记某事/某物 三．语法点背默 现在完成时二 一．难点理解：例句1：She has died. (✔) 例句2：She has died for two years. (❌) 备注：die 是瞬间动词，不能持续一段时间，要转换成延续性动词 be dead 改成：She has been dead for two years. (✔) 例句1：The TV has started. (✔) 例句2：The TV has started for 3 minutes. (❌) 备注：start是瞬间动词，不能持续一段时间，要转换成延续性动词 be on 改成：The TV has been on for 3 minutes. (✔) 瞬间动词 → 转换 → 延续性动词 leave / go be away from open be open come / go back be back die be dead buy have make friends be friends borrow keep join the Party be a ...member of ... begin be on finish be over 二、for和since 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，常与“since+过去时间状语/一般过去时”、“for+时间段”等表示一段时间的时间状语连用，谓语动词用延续性动词 He has lived here since 1995 自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿 He began to live here He has lived here since 1995 living here 过去 in 1995 现在 将来 I have been away from my hometown for thirty years 我离开家乡有30年了 Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened 自从该工厂成立以来，王叔叔就一直在这里工作 三、现在完成时与一般过去时区别 ①一般过去时表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系常与瞬间性动词连用(come, go, leave, start, become)等 ②现在完成时表示的动作虽然在过去发生，但是对现在产生影响 He joined the army two years ago He has been in the army for two years 一般过去时中的非延续性动词在现在完成时中要转变为相应的延续性动词 比如：left转换成has/have been away(from) died转换成has/have been dead 一. 用already或yet填空 1. —Have they taken down the old pictures _______________? —No, they haven’t taken them down _______________. 2. Most of us have finished our compositions _______________. 3. He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition _______________. 1. yet, yet 2. already 3. yet 二. 用since或for填空。 1. We have learned five lessons _______________ the beginning of this term. 2. Mrs. Liao has been in hospital _______________ last week. 3. I have stayed at my aunt’s _______________ two weeks. 1. since 2. since 3. for 三. 用have/has gone或have/has been填空 1. —Where are the boy students? —They _______________to the school library. 2. —Is your father in? —No. He _______________ to Shenzhen. —_______________ he ever _______________ there before? —Yes. He _______________ there several times. 3. I don’t know if he _______________ to Hangzhou before. 4. I want to go to that city for a visit as I _______________ never _______________ there before. 1. have gone 2. has gone, Has, been 3. has been 4. have, been 四. 单项选择 (　　)1. —How long has Tina been in this school? —________ two years. A. From B. Since C. Before D. For (　　)2. —Do you like traveling? —Sure. I ________ to Australia six months ago, but I ________ anywhere since then. A. went; didn’t go B. have gone; haven’t gone C. went; haven’t gone D. went; hadn’t gone (　　)3. Zhao Lan ________ alread y ________ in this school for two years. A. has; studied B. will; study C. was; studying D. are; studying (　　)4. In my opinion, the article is not bad ________ some spelling mistakes. A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that (　　)5. I haven’t seen the film ________, but I have ________ read the book. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. ever; ever D. yet; yet (　　)6. —Have you ________ your ticket, sir? —No, I’m still ________ it. A. found; finding B. looked for; looking for C. found; looking for D. looked for; finding (　　)7. His father ________ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. was in (　　)8. Tom, along with his classmates ________ the Science Museum next weekend. A. has gone to B. was going to C. are going to D. is going to (　　)9. —Where ________ John ________? —To the library. He ________ there for an hour. A. has; been; has gone B. has; gone; has been C. did; go; went D. did; be; went (　　)10. —Have you ________ to England? —Yes, twice. A. gone B. been C. went D. go (　　)11.—Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We ________ them for many years. —Mom, but I want to keep the bear. A. bought B. had C. have bought D. have had (　　)12.—Have you watched the movie the Left Ear? —Yes, I ________ it last night with my sister. A. have watched B. watched C. will watch D. was watching (　　)13.—The TV program Voice of Youth is really great. —I think so. It ________ the hearts of lots of fans since it started. A. lose and touch B. won and touched C. has won and touched D. has lost and hit (　　)14.—________ have you lived in Lanzhou? —Since my parents found jobs here. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How old (　　)15.—When ________ you ________ here? —Two days ago. A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come 1-5 DCACA 6-10 CCDBB 11-15 DBCAA 四．写作背默 我们都知道司马光砸缸的故事。请你根据下面的故事内容要点写一篇短文，向外国朋友介绍这个故事。 内容包括： 1. 几个小朋友在花园里捉迷藏。 2. 突然一个小朋友不小心掉进一个盛满水的大缸里。 3. 其他人不知所措。 4. 司马光用石头砸破大缸救了那个小朋友。 5. 大人表扬他机智救了人。 要求： 1. 字数：80字左右（标题已给出，不计入总字数）。 2. 文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥。 3. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书面规范。 Once upon a time, some children played hide-and-seek in the garden. They were playing happily. Suddenly, one of them fell into a big jar. The big jar was full of water. The child was in danger. The other children didn't know what to do. They shouted for help, but no adult was around. Sima Guang was very smart. He had a good idea. He picked a stone and knocked on the big jar. The water ran out of it quickly and the child was saved in the end. When the adult knew that, he praised Sima Guang for his intelligence. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$