时文阅读与练习25-2025届高三英语一轮复习

时文阅读与练习25 Why explore space? (Excerpt) 为何探索太空？（节选） 1970年，赞比亚修女玛丽·尤肯达写信给时任美国国家航空航天局马歇尔太空飞行中心科学副总监的恩斯特·施图林格博士，问他何以提议花费数十亿美元用于太空探索，而不顾世界上还有许多儿童在忍受饥饿的事实。在下文的回信中，施图林格用事实和道理阐述了太空探索的重要意义。 Dear Mary Jucunda， 1 I believe that by working for the space program I can make contributions to the relief and eventual solution to such serious problems as poverty and hunger on Earth. Basic to the hunger problem are two functions： the production of food and the distribution of food. Food production by agriculture， ocean fishing and other large-scale operations is efficient in some parts of the world， but rather disappointing in many others. 2 The best tool for the improvement of all these functions， undoubtedly， is the artificial Earth satellite. Circling the globe at a high altitude， it can screen wide areas of land within a short time; it can observe and measure a large variety of factors indicating the status and condition of crops， soil， droughts， rainfall， snow cover， etc.， and it can radio this information to ground stations for appropriate use. 3 The distribution of the food to the needy is a completely different problem. Efficient relief from hunger， I am afraid， will not come before the boundaries between nations have become less divisive（分裂的） than they are today. I do not believe that space flight will accomplish this miracle overnight. However， the space program is certainly among the most promising and powerful agents working in this direction， just taking the recent near-tragedy of Apollo 13 as an example. 4 Higher food production through surveys and assessments from orbit （轨道）， and better food distribution through improved international relations， are only two examples of how deeply the space program will impact life on Earth. 5 Although our space program seems to lead us away from our Earth and out toward the moon， the sun， the planets， and the stars， I believe that none of these celestial（天上的） objects will find as much attention and study by space scientists as our Earth. It will become a better Earth， not only because of all the new technological and scientific knowledge which we will apply to the betterment of life， but also because we are developing a far deeper appreciation of our Earth， of life， and of man. Sincerely yours， Dir. Ernst Stuhlinger Reading Check Choose the best answers according to the text   1. What is the authors purpose in writing this text？ A. To make some contributions to space programs. B. To help to overcome serious problems on Earth. C. To show the artificial Earth satellites functions. D. To explain the reasons for space exploration. 2. Which item may be beyond the artificial Earth satellites functions？ A. Circling the globe at a high altitude. B. Screening wide areas of land quickly. C. Indicating the status of crops and soil. D. Improving the ocean fishing efficiency. 3. Why does the author mention Apollo 13 in paragraph 3？ A. To introduce the near-tragedy of Apollo 13. B. To explain the boundaries between nations. C. To show the impacts of space programs. D. To illustrate the problem of food distribution. 4. What does the author think of space programs？ A. Hopeful.   B. Challenging.   C. Frustrating.   D. Worrying. It will become a better Earth， not only because of all the new technological and scientific knowledge which we will apply to the betterment of life， but also because we are developing a far deeper appreciation of our Earth， of life， and of man. 它将成为一个更美好的地球，不仅因为我们将应用于改善生活的所有新的技术和科学知识，而且因为我们正在发展对我们的地球、生命和人类更深刻的认识。 【点石成金】本句中not only...but also... 意為“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者。because of后接名词或相当于名词的词，because后接句子。 Dir. Sylvia Earle: A heroine for the planet 深海女王：西尔维亚·厄尔 作为一位探险家，她无畏艰险，勤于追寻，无数次潜入深海，追寻海洋的奥秘;作为一名环保主义者，她身体力行，用事实的陈述和诚恳的语言呼唤世人保护海洋、保护地球。 1 Born in 1935 in New Jersey， Dir. Sylvia Earle had an early interest in nature. At an early age， Earle and her family shifted to Clearwater， Florida. This allowed Earle to witness the Gulf and its coasts wildlife. These firsthand experiences allowed Dir. Earle to develop a unique understanding and appreciation for all kinds of natures. 2 The educational journey of Dir. Sylvia Earle went smoothly. She got a scholarship for the Florida State University and supported herself by working at college laboratories. She later moved to Duke University for her master’s degree and received her PhD from the same institution. 3 Like many women in the work field， Earle had to carry out two work shifts every day： one at her home and the other at her office. In 1964， she had to leave behind her children for a six-week expedition（远征） in the Indian Ocean. Then， in 1968， she had to travel a hundred feet below the waters of the Bahamas in the submersible （潜水器） Deep Diver while she was four months pregnant！ These shocking efforts of Earle for the field of oceanography（海洋学） distinguish her from other scientists. In 1979， she became the first woman to walk the ocean floor 381 meters below the surface. Wearing a specialized diving suit， she was able to walk freely without a dive tether （系链;拴绳） and a safe belt. In 1982， she founded Deep Ocean Engineering， a company to build an innovative submersible craft that could help explore ocean life at greater depth than a normal SCUBA gear. She also served as a chief scientist and a pioneer for being woman for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. In 1990， she became the first female chief scientist of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 4 After gaining much recognition from the expedition， Earle moved on to write for National Geographic. Under the National Geographic Society， she led the five-year program of Sustainable Seas Expeditions from 1998⁃2002. She even became a speaker to spread awareness about environmental degradation and other issues surrounding marine life. 5 All the work of Earle proved to be quite beneficial to the world. Sylvia Earle is 86 years old today， and her dream is to achieve 30 percent of the ocean protection by 2030 and to help the ocean bodies remain firm. [Reading][Check] Choose the best answers according to the text 1. What do paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 mainly talk about？ A. Individual interest. B. Family information. C. Personal background. D. Educational experience. 2. In what order is paragraph 3 organized？ A. Time. B. Place. C. Characters.  D. Importance. 3. What can we know about Earle according to the text？ A. In 1964， Earle had a six-week expedition in the Pacific Ocean. B. In 1968， Earle had to travel a hundred feet below the waters. C. In 1979， Earle could walk freely without any special diving suit. D. In 1990， Earle became the leader of Deep Ocean Engineering. 4. The text falls into the category of                  . A. news report， technology and science B. lifestyle， celebrities C. biography， environmental science D. news， environmental science 5 ways to reduce your carbon footprint from home 减少家庭碳足迹的5种方法 这5种方法可帮助你在日常生活中积极地减少碳足迹，实现可持续发展。 1 The easiest way to be sustainable on a day-today basis is by taking active strides （大步;步幅） towards reducing your carbon footprint. Here are five easy methods you can consider. ·Sticking to the five Rs 2 To reduce your carbon footprint from home， you should learn to Reduce， Reuse， Recycle， Rot and Refuse. There are many things you can do. For example， you can set up a live compost （堆肥） bin in your home to change biodegradable waste into manure or energy. It is an excellent technique to reduce carbon footprint. Similarly， recycling plastic or glass objects or repurposing them in your home is also effective. ·Refusing single-use plastic 3 Around 17 percent of the global carbon budget by 2050 will be consumed by plastic， without any intervention， as per a study. This rise in the use of plastic can be largely attributed to the role single-use plastic plays in the day-today consumption. An easy way to reduce your carbon emissions is by simply switching from using single-use plastic items， especially water bottles and straws， to those made of reusable materials like metal and wood. ·Switching to more sustainable modes of fashion 4 A study from the United Nations has revealed that “fast fashion” has contributed to nearly 10 percent of the global greenhouse gas emissions. By merely shopping less， opting to buy secondhand clothes or purchasing from certified ecofriendly labels you can reduce your carbon footprint. ·Conserving water 5 Another simple way is simply by turning off the tap whenever possible. This includes shutting off the tap when doing routine jobs like brushing your teeth or shaving. By actively implementing this， you will be able to conserve water without leaving behind a large carbon footprint. ·Buying local produce 6 Sustainability includes using resources that are readily available to you in your environment. One method in which you can drastically reduce your carbon footprint is by sourcing most of the ingredients used in your kitchen locally. A large chunk of the greenhouse gas emissions are involved in the production of food that comes in transport. By choosing resources locally， you will be able to reduce your carbon footprint efficiently. [Reading][Check] Choose the best answers according to the text   1. Which of the following belongs to “Sticking to the five Rs”？ A. Refusing single-use plastic. B. Recycling glass objects. C. Buying a non-renewable item. D. Shopping in a nearby store. 2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “contributed to”？ A. Led in. B. Turned into. C. Resulted in. D. Taken into. 3. What can we learn from the paragraph of “Refusing single-use plastic”？ A. Around 17% of the global carbon budget is consumed by plastic. B. Plastic consumption is mainly caused by single-use plastic. C. Recycling plastic can help control the plastic consumption. D. By choosing resources locally， we can refuse single-use plastic. 4. From which is the text probably taken？ A. A guide book. B. An entertainment journal. C. A news report. D. An environmental magazine. 为何探索太空？（节选） Reading Check 1～4  D D C A 深海女王：西尔维亚·厄尔 Reading Check 1～4 C A B C 减少家庭碳足迹的5种方法 Reading Check 1～4  B C B D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$