Unit 4 Natural disasters Discovering useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 1. 掌握定语从句的结构，关系词的用法； 2. 能运用关系词把简单句改写成定语从句； 3. 能通过分析句子成分，选择正确的关系词完成单句语法填空和短文语法填空。 Learning Aims 关系词（关系代词和关系副词） 关系词 先行词 关系词在从句中所充当的成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语 which 物 主语/宾语 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 定语从句——“4步法”确定关系词 第一步：确定是定语从句。 第二步：分清限制定语从句与非限制定语从句（在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句）。 1.that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 2.which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容，which意为“这一点”。 3.as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。 第三步：寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表时间、地点还是原因) 1.先行词指人that/who/whom/whose； 2.先行词指物：that/which/whose等； 3.表时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。 第四步：判断从句中所缺成分，确定关系词 1.缺少主语：that/which/who； 2.缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom； 3.缺少介词的宾语：whom/which； 4.缺少定语：whose； 5.缺少时间、地点或原因状语时；分别用when, where, why。 I.Fill in the blanks with that, which, who, whose, or whom. 1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event __________ usually causes great damage and can ruin many people's lives. 2. The woman wanted to find and thank the hrefighter _________ rescued her from the fire. 3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind ________ often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean. 4. The children ______ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends. 5. A tsunami is a very large wave _________ is ofien caused by an earthquake under the sea. 6. People to_______ much is given are people of ______ much will be expected. that/which that/who that/which whose that/which whom whom II. Use a restrictive relative clause to combine each pair of sentences. EXAMPLE The baby was crying. The baby was rescued from the building. (who) The baby who was rescued from the building was crying. OR The baby who was crying was rescued from the building. 1. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman. The woman’s family survived the earthquake.(whose) 2. The soldier will remember the rescue worker. The soldier worked with the rescue worker during the quake. (with whom) The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake. The soldier will remember the rescue worker with whom he worked during the quake. 3. The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks. The bricks covered the ground. (that/which) 4. My family will always be thankful for the people. We received aid from the people.(from whom) 5. The people lost everything in the quake. We need to help them prepare for the coming winter.(who) The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks that/which covered the ground. My family will always be thankful for the people from whom we received aid. We need to help the people who lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter. III.Complete the passage with that, which, who,whose, or prep. +whom. For people_____love the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people________families were destroyed by the super typhoon _________hit East China in July 2016, that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the typhoon killed 161 people, left 61 missing, and forced the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people.The victims___________the typhoon brought death or great loss were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the months _________have passed since then, much has been done to make things better and help the thousands of people________homes were destroyed, although the sadness will never leave those___________summer now marks the death of a loved one. who whose that/which to whom that/which whose for whom Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.Add a preposition where necessary. 1.Japanese uses three writing systems,including kanji _________ originated(起源)in China. 2. Nineteen fifty-three was the year _______ Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, first came out. 3. Bones ________symbols were carved, known as “oracle bones”, have contributed a lot to our understanding of China’s past. 4.There are many reasons________English is so widely used around the world in the felds of science, business, and more. 5. Sign language is of great importance for people________are deaf or have poor hearing. which/that when where why who Ⅴ.Complete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below. The United Nations (UN) is an organisation __________aims to promote international cooperation. It was founded in 1945 and has about 190 member states. This is the reason _________ the UN has a huge number of translators and interpreters, since international meetings in the UN are attended by people _________ speak so many different languages. Translators are people ________ usually work with written language, while interpreters work with spoken language. Meetings _________ only two languages are used may need only one interpreter, while larger events ________ leaders from many countries gather may need over 70 interpreters. that when where which who why that/which why who who where where 11 Ⅴ.Complete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below. There are two main ways that an interpreter can provide spoken translation. First is the method ___________ requires the speaker to stop every few sentences, so the interpreter can translate those sentences for the audience. The second method is the one ________ the interpreter listens and translates at the same time. This second method is more difficult, but the place ________ the interpreter is located is not so important. The interpreter can be in a completely different location from the speaker, listen through headphones, and translate for an audience sitting in another location! that when where which who why that/which where where 12 THANKS $$