2024年牛津译林版中考英语一轮复习代词

代词 人称代词和物主代词;反身代词;指示代词;it的用法;不定代词 (普通不定代词和复合不定代词);疑问代词 1. 人称代词 1. 人称代词的主格和宾格 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 2. 人称代词的用法 (1) 人称代词的主格在句子中做主语 She likes playing the piano. (2) 人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语、表语等。 -Who’s the boy in the picture? –It’s me. 2. 物主代词 1. 物主代词分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 my Mine your yours his his her hers its its their their our ours 2. 形容词性物主代词放在名词前做定语,不能单独使用。 Their classroom is really clean and clear. 3. 名词性物主代词用来替代前面已提及的名词,相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。 Is this your car? –Yes, it’s mine. 4. 名词性物主代词可用在of后面与of共同做定语,为双重所有格。 Mary is a friend of mine. 3. 反身代词 1. 反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 Himself Herself Itself Themselves 2. 反身代词的用法 反身代词表自身,“宾、表、同位”三成分。动、介词后作宾语,表示动作回自身。表示强调同位语,强调动作“亲自”任。系动词后作表语。 3. 反身代词的常用词组 Teach oneself =learn…by oneself自学 Help oneself to…随便吃/ 喝…, 为自己取用 Enjoy oneself过得开心,玩得开心 Hurt oneself 伤到自己,受伤。 Do…by oneself 独自做 Devote oneself to…致力于 Say to oneself 自言自语 Lose oneself in =be lost in 陶醉于 Pull oneself up the rock 奋力攀爬岩石 Leave sb by oneself 把某人独自留下/ 不打扰某人 Keep secrets/ worries to oneself 将秘密/ 担忧埋在心底 4. 练习 (1) Bob hurt _in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. yourself (2) His name is James, but he usually calls_ Jim. A. he B. him C. his D. himself (3) — I saw grandma shop online. Who taught _ that? — Nobody. She learned it by _. A. she; her B. her; her C. her; herself D. herself; her (4) On the way to Mount Huang, the scenery was so beautiful that all of us lost _ in it. A. myself B. themselves C. ourselves D. yourselves (5) You 're the future of this country. Don 't keep asking what this country can do for you. Ask_ what you can do for this country. A.us B. ourselves C. you D. yourselves 4. 指示代词 1. 指示代词的单复数形式和用法 单数 This That 复数 These Those 用法 (1) 近指 This is my pen. These are my books. (2) 指下文提到的事: Please remember this: No pain, no gain. (1) 远指 That’s her bike. Those are our pictures. (2) 指前面刚刚提到过的事 He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school. 2. 打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方。 This is Mike speaking. Who is that? 5. it的用法 1. 指代前面提到过的事物 Your new watch is so beautiful. When did you buy it? 2. 用来代替指示代词this和that -What’s this? –It’s an apple. 3. 有时用it代词婴儿或不明身份的人 -Who is the boy in the picture? -It’ me. 4. 作形式主语用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句,用于句首。 (1) It is + 形容词 + (for sb/ of sb)to do sth (2) It seems that…看起来好像 (3) It’s said / reported/ believed/ hoped/ well-known that (4) It is + 形容词 + that从句 5. 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在放在宾补后。常用于句型: Think/ find/ make (…) it +形容词 (for sb)+ to do 6. 表示时间、天气、季节、距离、环境等 It is 10 o’clock. Students are playing football in the playground. 7. 构成强调句型 It is/ was + 被强调部分 + that/ who…。如被强调的是人,后面用who或者that。如被强调的是物或其它情况,则用that。 It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. 备注:it, one, that的区别 it:上文提到的同一对象或同一事物。 One:泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个。 That:常用于比较级结构中,代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词,以免重复。 6. 不定代词 (普通不定代词和复合不定代词) 普通不定代词 单词 用法说明 例句 Some 一般用于肯定句; 提出请求或建议的疑问句中用some。 Would you like some cakes? Any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。但当句中含有任何的含义时,any也可用于肯定句。 You can buy this toy at any local store. 1. Many和much 单词 用法说明 例句 Many 指代可数名词复数 Many of us have been to Shanghai. Much 指代不可数名词 I know much about this accident. 2. Either, neither和both 单词 用于两者,常和of连用。 用法说明 例句 Either 指两个人或物中的任何一个 Either of you can go with me. Neither 指两个人或物中的一个也不 Neither of the pictures is acceptable. Both 指“两者都” Both of my parents are on business. 3. Any, none和all 单词 用法说明 例句 Any 三者或三者以上,均可和of连用。 三者或三者以上中的任何一个 None of the students can work out the problem. None 1. 三者或三者以上都不 2. 用来回答how many, how much引导的疑问句 3. 表示没有上文提到的人或物 -How much rice do you need? -None. 一点也不需要 All 三者或三者以上都 All of my old toys are sold by my mother. 4. Each和every 单词 用法说明 例句 Each 指两个或两个以上的人,强调个体;作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt. Every 在句中只能做定语。 指三个或三个以上的人或物,强调全体;在句中作定语。修饰作主语的名词,谓语动词用单数。 5. Little, a little, few, a few 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 肯定 A few 一些 A little 一点儿 否定 Few 几乎没有 Little 几乎没有 6. Other, the other, others, the others, another 单词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的 作定语,与复数名词连用 The other 两者中的另一个 One…the other others 其它的人或物 相当于other + 复数名词 The others 其余的人或物 特指其余的所有人或物,相当于“the other + 复数名词” Another 另一 三者或三者以上的另一个 符合不定代词 Some Any No Every Body somebody anybody nobody everybody One someone anyone No one everyone Thing something anything nothing everything 1. 以上复合不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如: Nobody but the twins has visited the Palace Museum. 2. 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时,形容词,动词不定式要放在其后。如: Do you have anything else to say? 3. 在表示请求。建议或邀请等,期待一个肯定回答时,用some系列,而不用any系列。如: Would you like something to eat? 4. Any系列一般用于否定句和疑问句中,但也可用于肯定句或条件状语从句中,表示“任何人(物/ 事)”,如: Anybody who breaks laws will be punished. 5. 当句中有little, few, seldom, hardly, never, without等否定意义的词或too…to等具有否定意义的结构时,通常用any系列。 I was too nervous to say anything in front the public. 6. Every系列一般用于肯定句中,也可用于疑问句中;如果用于否定句则表示部分否定(不完全否定) The problem is not easy for everyone. 7. 疑问代词 疑问代词 意义 基本用法 例句 who 谁 主语、表语、宾语 Who makes the cake? whom 谁 宾语who的宾语 Whom are you looking for? whose 谁的 主语、表语、宾语、定语(who的所有格) Whose dress is this? what 什么 主语、表语、宾语、定语 What makes you happy? which 哪个 主语、表语、宾语、定语 Which girl is your sister? –The one in red. 8. 特别注意 定语从句中的关系代词和宾语从句中的连接代词。 详见定语从句和宾语从句的讲解。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$