专题04 如何设计对话 - 【同步写作课】2024-2025学年高二英语读后续写技巧与训练（通用版）

专题04 如何设计对话 *** 考情分析 *** 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2024 2024新课标I&II卷 人与社会 诚信回报陌生司机相助 2023 2023新课标I&II卷 人与自我 写作比赛逆袭获奖 2022 2022新课标I&II卷 人与自我 残疾男孩参加越野跑 *** 写作指导 *** 【题型分析】 对话 (dialogue) 是故事角色在整个故事中对彼此或对自己说的话。它可以用来揭示人物的性格和个性，它也可以用来推动情节向前发展，并展示情节发展的过程。我们需要用各种细节将主题编织进故事之中，让其不时地闪现，以展示故事的全部内涵。对话无疑是一种可以让全部内容显现出来的元素。人物在交谈、细语、呼喊、低吼、抱怨、讥讽、哀叹，而读者在倾听。相较于用枯燥的、阐释性的长篇大论去传达主题，对话这种方式不仅更快捷有效，而且更能激起读者的情感。 【写作方法】 一、正确使用标点符号 (1)说话人+说话内容“说”后用逗号， 引号内第一个字母大写，句尾标点符号放在引号内。 He said,“You are my best friend!” (2) 说话内容+说话人陈述句引号内用逗号， 引号外第一个字母小写：疑问句或感叹句引号内用问号或感叹号， 引号外第一个字母小写。且“某人说”可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“said sb.”。 ① "Yes," he said.②"You may both go," said Andy.③"Don't move," she said to Mike in a soft voice. (3)说话内容+说话人+说话内容“某人说”可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“said sb.”:“某人说”前面引号内用逗号，引号外第一个字母小写。“某人说”后面如果用句号，则后面引号内第一个字母大写；“某人说”后面如果用逗号，则后面引号内第一个字母小写。 ①“That's cool,”he said.“Can I have a try?” ②“You'd better let me go,”teased her twin brother, William.“There are dangers all over this place.” ③“You can go any place you want,”Amy said,“but I think you'll find what you need.” 二、避免重复使用 say 在进行语言描写时很多同学全部都只用“said”这一个单词，这样使得句子重复呆板，因此要学会灵活多变的各种“说”。 explain 解释state 陈述protest 抗议sob哭诉insist 坚持comfort安慰repeat 重复agree同意order命令scream 尖叫promise承诺whisper 耳语yell/shout 大叫declare 声称add 补充assure 保证complain 抱怨apologise 道歉announce 宣告argue 争论interrupt 打断beg 请求demand 要求mock 嘲讽claim 声称cry/exclaim 喊叫suggest/advise 建议stammer/stutter/stumble 结巴ask /inquire 询问reply/answer/respond回答 三、如何让对话更生动 第一类“……,”sb said in a …voice/tone.某人以…的声音、 语气说到 in a pleasant tone/voice 以一种愉悦的声音/语气 in a firm tone/voice以一种坚定的声音/语气 in a rude tone/voice以一种粗鲁的声音/语气 in a sad tone/voice 以一种悲伤的声音/语气也可以用 in a voice/tone of+名词的搭配 in a tone/voice of surprise 用一种惊讶的语气 in a tone/voice of curiosity 用一种好奇的语气 in a tone/voice of impatience 用一种不耐烦的语气 in a tone/voice of command用一种命令的语气 第二类“xxx,”sb said in/with+心情类名词.某人以…的心情说道…… 1.“You are safe,”Tom cried with excitement.“你安全啦！”Tom 激动地说道。 2.“I hate you!”she screamed in anger.“我讨厌你！”她生气地大喊道。 3.“What a lovely rabbit,”I said in astonishment.“好可爱的兔子啊！”我诧异地说到。 4.“Nice to meet you,”he said with enthusiasm.“很高兴认识你。”他热情地说。 第三类“xxx,”sb said +adv..+doing.(添加非谓语动词表达后续动作) 1.“我去给我们拿点咖啡。”她温柔地说道，朝厨房走去。“I'll get us some coffee,” she said gently, heading for the kitchen. 2.“我再也不相信你了。”他生气地大喊道，砰的一声关上门。“I don't believe you anymore.”He yelled angrily, slamming the door. 3.“我被狼袭击了，我以为再也见不到你了。”麦克激动地说，紧紧抱住他们。“I was attacked by a wolf and I thought I would never see you again.”Mike said excitedly.hugging them tightly. 第四类sb did sth.did sth and said“xxx.” (添加动作链) 1.他拦下出租车， 提着行李箱跳上车， 对司机说："请去警察局。"He stopped the taxi, jumped in with the suitcase and told the driver.“Go to the police station,please.” 2.她冲上前去，跪在地上，喃喃地说：“对不起，我的宝贝。”She dashed forward.knelt down and murmured," I'm sorry, my baby.” 3.我匆忙穿上衣服，拿起包说：“请等一下我！”I put on my clothes hurriedly, grabbed my bag and said."Please wait for me!" *** 高考真题精讲 *** 【2024新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【设计对话】 1. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. 2. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” 【答案】 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter. 【2023新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【设计对话】 1. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. 2. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!” 3. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. 【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!” I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 【2022新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【设计对话】 1. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. 2. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. 【答案】 We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. *** 名校模拟题提升练 *** 【2024届福建省南平市高考第三次质检】 My husband, Robert Stone and I were enjoying a peaceful afternoon together in Barbados — our vacation destination. It was sunny and warm, and we decided it was the perfect time to go for an ocean dip. When we were floating around, I said, “What a nice holiday! Let’s swim out, not that far but enough to be out of our depth.” But we hadn’t considered just how strong the current was on that particular day. Although we had visited Barbados several times, we didn’t realize the specific area we floated to was known for its strong current. Noticing that we were floating in the direction of the neighboring beach, I decided to swim toward the beach we came from, against the current. I soon realized that my husband was falling behind and was suddenly too far away to even hear me. I attempted to swim to the shore to get help but struggled to push past the current. I just couldn’t get anywhere and began to scream out for a lifeguard. But no one came after a few minutes. Just then I saw two teenage girls boogie-boarding near the shore. “Help! Help!” I screamed. Hearing my cries for help, the girls swam toward me and helped pull me onto the boogie board. One girl told me to hold on tight and tied the boogie board tether (拴绳) to her wrist. The other girl was by her side for support. They managed to swim to the shore and brought me to safety. Grateful but still scared, I repeated that my husband was stuck farther out in the ocean. I asked for a lifeguard. The girls told me there wasn’t a lifeguard around, and they would go get him. “You can’t do that!” I told them, “Strong current!” The girls reassured me that they were in Barbados as part of a swimming camp and insisted that they were both experienced in the water. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before I could say anything further, they swam off with the boogie board. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Relief washed over me as the girls and Robert reached the shore. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Before I could say anything further, they swam off with the boogie board. Heart in my mouth, I stood helplessly on the shore, praying for their safety. Fortunately, the girls reached Robert quickly and helped pull him onto the boogie board timely. As they swam in, the strong current kept pulling them back, but they kept going and going. I waited for a few minutes; that seemed so many hours to me. Finally, the girls together made a really good team, and pulled him to shore. Relief washed over me as the girls and Robert reached the shore. “Thank Goodness! You’re safe,” I said in a trembling voice. With tears in my eyes, I hugged Robert, who was exhausted and still in panic. We approached the girls and expressed our sincere gratitude, “We’re forever grateful to you! We would never come back without you!” But the girls insisted that it’s just what they should do. “We are so glad that you are both okay.” Seeing them leaving, Robert said, “They really were like a couple of angels on the beach!” 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者和她的丈夫Robert Stone在巴巴多斯度假时，在一次游泳中不幸遭遇了强大的水流。他们没有意识到所在海域的水流强度，导致两人被水流带离了原来的海滩。作者试图游回岸边寻求帮助，但无法抵抗水流，最终被两个在岸边玩冲浪的十几岁女孩救起。作者告诉她们自己的丈夫被困在更远的海里，需要求助救生员，她们表示附近没有救生员，打算直接去救作者的丈夫。尽管作者担心女孩们的安全，但她们表示自己很有经验。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我还没来得及说什么，她们就拿着冲浪板游走了。”可知，第一段可描写作者为她们担心的心理活动，以及两个女孩经过努力，最终救起Robert的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“当女孩们和Robert到达岸边时，我如释重负。”可知，第二段可描写作者和被救起的Robert之间劫后余生的交流，以及两人向两个女孩表示由衷的感谢。 2. 续写线索：两个女孩游走——作者担心——两个女孩救起Robert——三人到达岸边——作者和Robert交流——作者和Robert感谢两个女孩 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/embrace ②靠近：approach/go near ③表达：express/convey 情绪类 ①恐慌：panic/fear/fright ②感激的：grateful/thankful ③高兴地：glad/delighted 【点睛】 [高分句型1] As they swam in, the strong current kept pulling them back, but they kept going and going. (As引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] With tears in my eyes, I hugged Robert, who was exhausted and still in panic. (with复合结构和who引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] But the girls insisted that it’s just what they should do. (that引导宾语从句、what引导表语从句) 【河南省九师联盟四月联考2023-2024学年高三下学期4月期中】 “Jennifer, do you hike?” Karen said to me. “Yes, I hike,” I replied. Karen’s slim figure and sun-kissed cheeks suggested she was a regular hiker. “Great, do you want to come with us tomorrow? We will meet in front of Bobbie’s house at 6:30 before it is too hot, and we will go over to Thunderbird Mountain. It is about three miles in total. Does that sound OK?” Three miles. I wasn’t sure how long that was, partly because I didn’t actually hike. I was somewhat familiar with the area where they planned to go, but our family had just moved from Oregon to Arizona. I walked our dog around the neighbourhood all the time before we moved here. But I wasn’t sure if I had gone three miles. Being new to town and excited about an invitation from women I wanted to befriend, I accepted, saying, “Sure. That sounds great. We all benefit from hiking.” When this hiking conversation among my new friends occurred, I was at a monthly dinner for moms in my new neighborhood. The group was four women in their forties, all with high-school kids, jobs, a fondness for reading and music and tricks for simplifying work-life. I was honored to be invited since making friends in my forties in a new town wasn’t easy. After this re-location for my husband’s career, making friends wasn’t as simple for me as it was for him. He came to the community for a full-time position at a busy university. Our teenaged son and daughter immediately plugged into school through sports and clubs. I was enormously grateful for the ease of the transition for my family, but nervous for myself. So, while at the monthly ladies’ gathering, when hiking came up, I just played along, wanting to try something new. The next day, I got up early and carefully selected comfortable hiking clothes. When I arrived at the designated friend’s driveway a little early, Karen was standing there waiting. “Hey, Jennifer, I’m glad that you can come to hike,” she said cheerfully and hugged me. When the others joined us, we started walking. I was sweaty and a little out of breath before we even started going uphill. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “So, where did you hike in Oregon?” one of them asked, offering me a bottle of water. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ By accepting the invitation to hike that day, I received a lot. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “So, where did you hike in Oregon?” one of them asked, offering me a bottle of water. “Well, uh, I mainly walked a lot. Actually, we lived in the suburbs, so we were in a neighborhood in southwest Portland with sidewalks, and…” Seeing my embarrassment, Karen saved me by saying, “There are all kinds of hikes, which are all beneficial to us.” Along the path, we talked about our families, jobs and dogs. We shared concerns about our kids in school with sports, grades, or significant others. By accepting the invitation to hike that day, I received a lot. On the one hand, I stretched myself. On the other hand, I made amazing new friends. Being new to an unfamiliar environment was uneasy, but as long as you tried, there was always someone willing to be open to you. I imagine I will always remain connected to these lovely women who led me into their circle. I also feel confident that there are some other hikers, more great friends I’ve yet to meet and love simply by agreeing to try something new. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为丈夫工作地点的变更刚刚从俄勒冈州搬到亚利桑那州，在一次晚宴上作者被几位女士邀请一起远足，作者欣然接受，在这让作者接触到了远足并通过远足结识了很多新朋友，在和朋友的交流和运动中感受到人生的快乐。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘那么，你在俄勒冈州的哪里徒步旅行?’其中一个问道，递给我一瓶水。” 可知，第一段可描写作者由于过去没有真正参加过远足而只能描述过去散步场景来回避这个问题、朋友的解围、以及徒步中的交流。 ②由第二段首句内容“通过接受那天远足的邀请，我收获了很多。”可知，第二段可描写徒步旅行给作者带来的益处，以及作者和这群朋友有了更多的接触。 2. 续写线索：回答问题——感到尴尬——朋友解围——分享交流——获益良多——通过徒步结交朋友——感悟 行为类 看到：see/notice 为某人解围：save sb from/rescue sb from 遇到：meet/encounter 保持联系：remain connected to/keep in touch with 情绪类 尴尬：seeing my embarrassment /seeing I felt embarrassed 确信：feel confident/be certain 【点睛】 【高分句型1】 Being new to an unfamiliar environment was uneasy, but as long as you tried, there was always someone willing to be open to you. (运用了动名词短语作主语以及as long as引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】I imagine I will always remain connected to these lovely women who led me into their circle. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句以及who引导的限制性定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 如何设计对话 *** 考情分析 *** 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2024 2024新课标I&II卷 人与社会 诚信回报陌生司机相助 2023 2023新课标I&II卷 人与自我 写作比赛逆袭获奖 2022 2022新课标I&II卷 人与自我 残疾男孩参加越野跑 *** 写作指导 *** 【题型分析】 对话 (dialogue) 是故事角色在整个故事中对彼此或对自己说的话。它可以用来揭示人物的性格和个性，它也可以用来推动情节向前发展，并展示情节发展的过程。我们需要用各种细节将主题编织进故事之中，让其不时地闪现，以展示故事的全部内涵。对话无疑是一种可以让全部内容显现出来的元素。人物在交谈、细语、呼喊、低吼、抱怨、讥讽、哀叹，而读者在倾听。相较于用枯燥的、阐释性的长篇大论去传达主题，对话这种方式不仅更快捷有效，而且更能激起读者的情感。 【写作方法】 一、正确使用标点符号 (1)说话人+说话内容“说”后用逗号， 引号内第一个字母大写，句尾标点符号放在引号内。 He said,“You are my best friend!” (2) 说话内容+说话人陈述句引号内用逗号， 引号外第一个字母小写：疑问句或感叹句引号内用问号或感叹号， 引号外第一个字母小写。且“某人说”可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“said sb.”。 ① "Yes," he said.②"You may both go," said Andy.③"Don't move," she said to Mike in a soft voice. (3)说话内容+说话人+说话内容“某人说”可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“said sb.”:“某人说”前面引号内用逗号，引号外第一个字母小写。“某人说”后面如果用句号，则后面引号内第一个字母大写；“某人说”后面如果用逗号，则后面引号内第一个字母小写。 ①“That's cool,”he said.“Can I have a try?” ②“You'd better let me go,”teased her twin brother, William.“There are dangers all over this place.” ③“You can go any place you want,”Amy said,“but I think you'll find what you need.” 二、避免重复使用 say 在进行语言描写时很多同学全部都只用“said”这一个单词，这样使得句子重复呆板，因此要学会灵活多变的各种“说”。 explain 解释state 陈述protest 抗议sob哭诉insist 坚持comfort安慰repeat 重复agree同意order命令scream 尖叫promise承诺whisper 耳语yell/shout 大叫declare 声称add 补充assure 保证complain 抱怨apologise 道歉announce 宣告argue 争论interrupt 打断beg 请求demand 要求mock 嘲讽claim 声称cry/exclaim 喊叫suggest/advise 建议stammer/stutter/stumble 结巴ask /inquire 询问reply/answer/respond回答 三、如何让对话更生动 第一类“……,”sb said in a …voice/tone.某人以…的声音、 语气说到 in a pleasant tone/voice 以一种愉悦的声音/语气 in a firm tone/voice以一种坚定的声音/语气 in a rude tone/voice以一种粗鲁的声音/语气 in a sad tone/voice 以一种悲伤的声音/语气也可以用 in a voice/tone of+名词的搭配 in a tone/voice of surprise 用一种惊讶的语气 in a tone/voice of curiosity 用一种好奇的语气 in a tone/voice of impatience 用一种不耐烦的语气 in a tone/voice of command用一种命令的语气 第二类“xxx,”sb said in/with+心情类名词.某人以…的心情说道…… 1.“You are safe,”Tom cried with excitement.“你安全啦！”Tom 激动地说道。 2.“I hate you!”she screamed in anger.“我讨厌你！”她生气地大喊道。 3.“What a lovely rabbit,”I said in astonishment.“好可爱的兔子啊！”我诧异地说到。 4.“Nice to meet you,”he said with enthusiasm.“很高兴认识你。”他热情地说。 第三类“xxx,”sb said +adv..+doing.(添加非谓语动词表达后续动作) 1.“我去给我们拿点咖啡。”她温柔地说道，朝厨房走去。“I'll get us some coffee,” she said gently, heading for the kitchen. 2.“我再也不相信你了。”他生气地大喊道，砰的一声关上门。“I don't believe you anymore.”He yelled angrily, slamming the door. 3.“我被狼袭击了，我以为再也见不到你了。”麦克激动地说，紧紧抱住他们。“I was attacked by a wolf and I thought I would never see you again.”Mike said excitedly.hugging them tightly. 第四类sb did sth.did sth and said“xxx.” (添加动作链) 1.他拦下出租车， 提着行李箱跳上车， 对司机说："请去警察局。"He stopped the taxi, jumped in with the suitcase and told the driver.“Go to the police station,please.” 2.她冲上前去，跪在地上，喃喃地说：“对不起，我的宝贝。”She dashed forward.knelt down and murmured," I'm sorry, my baby.” 3.我匆忙穿上衣服，拿起包说：“请等一下我！”I put on my clothes hurriedly, grabbed my bag and said."Please wait for me!" *** 高考真题精讲 *** 【2024新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【设计对话】 1. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. 2. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” 【2023新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【设计对话】 1. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. 2. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!” 3. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. 【2022新课标I&II卷】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【设计对话】 1. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. 2. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. *** 名校模拟题提升练 *** 【2024届福建省南平市高考第三次质检】 My husband, Robert Stone and I were enjoying a peaceful afternoon together in Barbados — our vacation destination. It was sunny and warm, and we decided it was the perfect time to go for an ocean dip. When we were floating around, I said, “What a nice holiday! Let’s swim out, not that far but enough to be out of our depth.” But we hadn’t considered just how strong the current was on that particular day. Although we had visited Barbados several times, we didn’t realize the specific area we floated to was known for its strong current. Noticing that we were floating in the direction of the neighboring beach, I decided to swim toward the beach we came from, against the current. I soon realized that my husband was falling behind and was suddenly too far away to even hear me. I attempted to swim to the shore to get help but struggled to push past the current. I just couldn’t get anywhere and began to scream out for a lifeguard. But no one came after a few minutes. Just then I saw two teenage girls boogie-boarding near the shore. “Help! Help!” I screamed. Hearing my cries for help, the girls swam toward me and helped pull me onto the boogie board. One girl told me to hold on tight and tied the boogie board tether (拴绳) to her wrist. The other girl was by her side for support. They managed to swim to the shore and brought me to safety. Grateful but still scared, I repeated that my husband was stuck farther out in the ocean. I asked for a lifeguard. The girls told me there wasn’t a lifeguard around, and they would go get him. “You can’t do that!” I told them, “Strong current!” The girls reassured me that they were in Barbados as part of a swimming camp and insisted that they were both experienced in the water. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before I could say anything further, they swam off with the boogie board. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Relief washed over me as the girls and Robert reached the shore. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【河南省九师联盟四月联考2023-2024学年高三下学期4月期中】 “Jennifer, do you hike?” Karen said to me. “Yes, I hike,” I replied. Karen’s slim figure and sun-kissed cheeks suggested she was a regular hiker. “Great, do you want to come with us tomorrow? We will meet in front of Bobbie’s house at 6:30 before it is too hot, and we will go over to Thunderbird Mountain. It is about three miles in total. Does that sound OK?” Three miles. I wasn’t sure how long that was, partly because I didn’t actually hike. I was somewhat familiar with the area where they planned to go, but our family had just moved from Oregon to Arizona. I walked our dog around the neighbourhood all the time before we moved here. But I wasn’t sure if I had gone three miles. Being new to town and excited about an invitation from women I wanted to befriend, I accepted, saying, “Sure. That sounds great. We all benefit from hiking.” When this hiking conversation among my new friends occurred, I was at a monthly dinner for moms in my new neighborhood. The group was four women in their forties, all with high-school kids, jobs, a fondness for reading and music and tricks for simplifying work-life. I was honored to be invited since making friends in my forties in a new town wasn’t easy. After this re-location for my husband’s career, making friends wasn’t as simple for me as it was for him. He came to the community for a full-time position at a busy university. Our teenaged son and daughter immediately plugged into school through sports and clubs. I was enormously grateful for the ease of the transition for my family, but nervous for myself. So, while at the monthly ladies’ gathering, when hiking came up, I just played along, wanting to try something new. The next day, I got up early and carefully selected comfortable hiking clothes. When I arrived at the designated friend’s driveway a little early, Karen was standing there waiting. “Hey, Jennifer, I’m glad that you can come to hike,” she said cheerfully and hugged me. When the others joined us, we started walking. I was sweaty and a little out of breath before we even started going uphill. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “So, where did you hike in Oregon?” one of them asked, offering me a bottle of water. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ By accepting the invitation to hike that day, I received a lot. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$