UNIT 2 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A There were nearly 8 billion people on Earth as of earlier this year. Yet whenever we fail at things，we're told to look to shining examples of superhuman success despite failure. A study of 400 tenth­graders in New York City public high schools found that students didn't believe normal people have the natural ability to succeed in the same way celebrities，top athletes and entrepreneurs (企业家) do. This isn't too surprising. I have a hard time believing there are actually people out there who see these famous failure­to­success stories and think，“I bet I could do that，too！” But here is a failure­to­success story about an ordinary person you likely have not heard of before. In these uncertain times，I hope you find his story inspiring. After graduating from high school，Jacob wasn't sure what he wanted to do. So he quickly got one odd job after another，working random hours to make ends meet. In his early 20s，he got a shot as an entry­level journalist at NBC News，which led to a video editing job at Discovery，where he learned the ropes of digital marketing. Jacob quickly realized marketing was his passion. Through determination and industry，he proved his worth as one company after another began hiring him. In 2015，he decided it was finally time to strike out on his own. Today，Jacob is the CEO and co­founder of Discover Podium，a company that offers one­on­one career services for senior leadership. In business for a little over three years，the company is already earning over $1 million. I had the pleasure of working with Jacob many years ago，and I'm not surprised. He works harder than most people，and he is tirelessly enthusiastic. His story goes to show that with a little bit of talent and a lot of hard work，you can really go places no matter who you are. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以雅各布为例说明：无论你是谁，只要有一点天赋，再加上许多努力，普通人一样可以成功。 1．What does the author think of the belief held by the 400 students? A．It's inspiring.　　 B．It's normal. C．It's comforting. D．It's contradictory. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A study of 400 tenth­graders...This isn't too surprising.”可知，作者认为这些学生的观点很正常，不令人惊讶。故选B。 2．What was Jacob's life like before joining NBC News? A．He shot pictures in his spare time. B．He earned his living by editing videos. C．He was at a loss to find his passion. D．He kept searching for career advice from leaders. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“After graduating from high school，Jacob wasn't sure what he wanted to do.”可知，在加入NBC新闻之前，雅各布不知如何找到自己的激情所在。故选C。 3．What sort of person is Jacob? A．Narrow­minded. B．Fame­seeking. C．Kind­hearted. D．Hard­working. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“He works harder than most people，and he is tirelessly enthusiastic.”可知，雅各布是一个勤奋努力的人。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．You Don't Have to Be Superhuman to Be Successful B．You May Succeed If You Have Faith in Yourself C．You Might Need Some Luck to Achieve Your Goals D．You Won't Be Successful Without Others' Help 解析　A　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段第二句，以及最后一段可知，只要有一点天赋，再加上许多努力，普通人也能成功，而不必非要成为超人。故选A。 B When I discovered my passion for Irish Dance in my mid­forties, I learned everything I could about it.This was despite the negative comments of many of my friends.They tried to talk me out of my dream, saying I was too old to master this art form. I didn't listen to them.I took classes，practiced every day, and paid for private lessons, Frankly, I never liked being in the competitions.But, they forced me to practice and improve my skill.Over the years, I had accumulated a few silver and bronze medals. And then, at age fifty, I won a gold medal at an Irish Step Dance competition in Colorado. At the end of the competition, while I stood in the dancer tent admiring my medal, a pair of Irish dance shoes went flying past my head.The shoes were not intentionally aimed in my direction.But the words of an angry fellow competitor were：“You have no right to that medal, Padgett.I should have won.I am so much better than you.” I didn't know what to say.I stood there，hurt, trying to regain my emotional balance.Then I felt a hand rest gently on my shoulder.An unfamiliar voice asked，“Do you believe her？” “Yes, ma'am.She is just all around better than me，” I admitted. “No, she isn't，” the adjudicator told me.“Do you know why you were awarded this gold medal today？” she asked. I shook my head.She looked into my teary eyes and said，“You reflected hours of practice and wonderful skill, just like many others.From a judge's point of view, it can be difficult to select one dancer over another when awarding medals.But, if mechanics and technical merit are equal, the decision will fall to the one who dances with her heart.Some do the dance；others are the dance.Today, you were the dance.And that, my friend, is gold.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者40多岁开始喜欢上了爱尔兰舞，经过多年的刻苦训练，最后终于获得了金牌。 5．What do we learn about the author's friends? A．They were optimistic. B．They were unfriendly. C．They showed their support. D．They expressed their doubt. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者身边的很多朋友不但不看好作者，而且还劝她放弃学爱尔兰舞的梦想。 6．What can we infer about the competitor who threw a pair of shoes? A．She won a bronze medal. B．She was narrow­minded. C．She was treated unfairly by the judge. D．She performed better than the author. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，这位选手扔鞋是因为没有获得金牌而发泄不满和怨气，由此可见她心胸狭窄。 7．What did the judge think of the author's performance? A．It was perfect. B．It was unusual. C．It lacked concentration. D．It needed improvement. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，评委给作者的表演给了最高的评价，她认为别的选手是在表演舞蹈，而作者是在用心跳舞、是舞蹈本身。 8．What can we learn from the author's story? A．Hard work pays off. B．Still waters run deep. C．All roads lead to Rome. D．Great hopes make great men. 解析　A　推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者不在乎周围朋友的反对，坚持刻苦训练爱尔兰舞蹈，最终达到了很高的境界。这充分体现了“天道酬勤”这一真理。 Ⅱ.七选五 Last Sunday I was thinking about the difference between successful people and those who don't achieve anything significant. I made an interesting discovery. This difference may at first look obvious，but the fact is quite the opposite. 1 Everyone has a purpose behind their actions. If they don't，they wouldn't take action. 2 When they take action，at the back of their minds they think about success that this action is going to bring them. 3 What's the purpose behind your actions？Do you work to thrive(蓬勃发展) or to survive? Do you go to work to feed your family or to create an amazing lifestyle? Different purposes will result in completely different life experiences. People who work to survive are the ones who fear that some unexpected bill will arrive. They go to bed worrying about money and unimportant things. They hate their employment but don't quit because they doubt their own ability to create something greater. I know this kind of feeling because I was like that once. That's a very uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about insignificant things. 4 Therefore，you cannot achieve anything great. Now there are some people who don't accept the “Life is hard” story and they are fueled by an entirely different purpose. They work to thrive. 5 They have a beautiful vision and they take constant action to make that vision a reality. A．And they don't think about why something cannot be done. B．Such an attitude invites great opportunities to you. C．It lies in what motivates people to take action. D．So let me ask you a few questions. E．And this makes you take even more or better quality action. F．This state does not allow you to be creative. G．But successful people have a completely different purpose behind their actions. [语篇解读]　每个人的行动背后都有一个动机。但成功人士的行动背后有一个完全不同的动机。 1．解析　C　联系上句意思以及下段第一句“Everyone has a purpose behind their actions.”可知，选项C符合语境，能够连接上下文，其中action是原词复现，故选C。 2．解析　G　由前面两句和后面一句“When they take action，at the back of their minds they think about success that this action is going to bring them. (当他们采取行动的时候，他们在内心里思考的是这个行动将会带给他们的成功。)”可知，此处讲的是成功人士的目的和动机，所以选项G符合语境。 3．解析　D　根据下文作者提的几个问题可知，D项“所以让我问你几个问题”符合语境。 4．解析　F　根据前一句“That's a very uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about insignificant things. (那是一个让人非常不舒服的状态，因为你总是担心微不足道的事情。)”可知F项“This state does not allow you to be creative.”符合题意，其中“state”是原词复现。 5．解析　A　本段描述成功人士的行动目的和生活状态，由此可以推测出A项符合语境，故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空 So，are you interested in becoming a good journalist but don't know where to start? Well，there are a couple of things you should put on your list of 1. (priority). Firstly，you need to be skilled at writing. The information 2. (involve) in a complex story may come from dozens of sources. Good journalists need to organize dozens of information clearly to give an 3. (accuracy) account of what is happening. Secondly，you must have a natural curiosity about things 4. are happening，even though they may appear to be minor matters. When something newsworthy comes 5. ，it may escape the attention of ordinary people. 6. ，good journalists are sensitive enough 7. (notice) the event and draw public attention to it. Finally，good journalists are committed to 8. (reveal) the truth. According to Noam Chomsky，“The duty of journalists is to tell the truth. Journalism 9. (mean) you go back to the actual facts，you look at the documents，you discover what the record is，and you report it that way.” To do this，journalists need to investigate an event 10. (thorough). To sum up，being a good journalist requires writing skills，curiosity and commitment to finding the truth. Good luck! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为一名优秀的记者所需要具备的一些条件。 1．解析　priorities　考查名词复数。priority为可数名词，设空处为名词作宾语，根据上文“a couple of things”可知，这里应用复数形式，故填priorities。 2．解析　involved　考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语，修饰名词作定语，和名词之间是被宾关系，应用过去分词，故填involved。 3．解析　accurate　考查形容词。设空处应用形容词修饰名词作定语，故填accurate。 4．解析　that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词things，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。 5．解析　about　考查介词。come about意为“发生”，为固定短语，故填about。 6．解析　However　考查副词。分析语境可知，上下文是转折关系，位于句首，用逗号隔开，一般用副词however，句首单词首字母大写，故填However。 7．解析　to notice　考查动词不定式。固定句型：形容词＋enough＋to do sth，意为“足够……可以去做……”，故填to notice。 8．解析　revealing　考查动名词。空处接在介词to后，应用动名词作宾语，故填revealing。 9．解析　means　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Journalism为单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故填means。 10．解析　thoroughly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词，应用副词形式作状语，故填thoroughly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$