UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We all dream of reaching a certain success someday. Because of this we are all afraid of the very same thing—failure. But we should understand that we all have to experience some sort of failure in our lives. It is part of growing up and it is part of life itself. Failure doesn't have to always be seen as something negative. When you get to see failure in a different perspective，you will see that it has the power to help you get to your goal. Don't be so hard on yourself whenever you make a mistake or fail a task. Everyone makes mistakes. Whenever you face one failure，remember to accept your fault and do something to make things right. Whenever you fail something，you just have to get up and keep trying. You will get to your goal eventually. Every mistake is a lesson you have to learn from. As the saying goes，“If you do something wrong for the first time，it is a mistake. But if it happens again，then it becomes a choice.” Your mistakes and failure make you wiser. You should be smart enough to know and avoid the causes that lead you to them once more. No dream or goal is ever easy. With every great success，there are some failures along the way that lead to something great. Don't give up and don't be afraid to make mistakes. It is all part of the game of life. Life is not a bed of roses. The journey to success will have its ups and downs and have its share of joy and suffering. You will encounter failure once in a while. But pain is part of the learning process. Failures and mistakes are experiences that will make you wiser and stronger as you climb the ladder of success. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述如何正确看待生活中的失败和错误。 1．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to think about failure positively. B．To emphasize the importance of self­confidence. C．To explain some meanings of achieving success. D．To discuss the relation between failure and success. 解析　A　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段内容可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们积极地看待失败。故选A。 2．What can we know from paragraph 2? A．Everyone should pay for their mistakes. B．Failure makes success more meaningful. C．Mistakes can bring people great benefits. D．It's common to make mistakes in daily life. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Everyone makes mistakes.”可知，在日常生活中犯错误是很常见的。故选D。 3．What does the author think of people who make the same mistakes again? A．They are complete losers. B．They are not good learners. C．They should not be forgiven. D．They need sympathy and support. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Every mistake is a lesson you have to learn from...‘If you do something wrong for the first time，it is a mistake. But if it happens again，then it becomes a choice.’” 可推知，作者认为那些再次犯同样错误的人不是好的学习者。故选B。 4．What does the underlined word “encounter” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Expect.　　　　 B．Avoid. C．Experience. D．Appreciate. 解析　C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The journey to success will have its ups and downs and have its share of joy and suffering.”以及后文“failure once in a while”可知，成功之路有起有落，有欢乐也有痛苦，所以偶尔会经历失败，故画线词的意思是“经历”。故选C。 B World Vision Addyson Moffitt is an 8­year­old from Kansas City，Missouri.Maurine Ghelagat is a 9­year­old from a village in Kenya called Bartabwa.It might not seem as if the girls have much in common, but when they met at a dinner two years ago in Kansas City, they immediately hit it off. “We had this little red ball to play with，”Addyson told Time for Kids.“We didn't have any electronics or phones，iPads or TV.It was just us playing.”Addyson and Maurine still keep in touch now. The dinner was hosted by the nonprofit group World Vision International, which builds wells，pipelines, and rain catchers in communities where people find it hard to get clean water.Addyson was at the dinner because her family supports World Vision.Maurine was there because her village had been without clean water.World Vision fixed that by building a water station there. “People helped Maurine so she could have clean water，and kids are dying because they don't have it，”Addyson says.“I want to help.” Races are one way that World Vision raises money to pay for its water projects.Runners run a race，often a 26­mile marathon or 13­mile half marathon.They ask people to support them by donating(捐赠) money to World Vision. Addyson decided to run the 2017 Kansas City Half Marathon for World Vision.At age 7, she was the youngest runner in the race, and had to get special permission to take part. Addyson spent four months training with her parents，waking up before 6 a．m.to run.Meanwhile，she started fundraising(募捐) by asking friends to make donations as birthday presents and clearing tables at a restaurant for tips. By October 2017, when Addyson ran the race, she'd raised more than $20,000.She's the youngest person in World Vision history to raise more than $10,000.In 2018，she ran again and raised $ 36,000. But Addyson's work is not finished.“My goal is for every kid to have clean water，”she says. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了八岁的女孩Addyson通过参加马拉松比赛为世界宣明会水利项目筹集资金，呼吁人们支持他们。 5．What does the underlined part “hit it off” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Became friends. B．Hit on a good idea. C．Helped each other. D．Reached an agreement. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分的前一分句“It might not seem as if the girls have much in common”可知Addyson和Maurine似乎没有共同点，but表示转折，由此可推知两年前她们一见如故。故可推测画线短语意思为“成为朋友”。故选A。 6．What can we learn about Addyson's family? A．They are good at marathons. B．They run a restaurant in Kansas City. C．They are generous and warm­hearted. D．They founded World Vision International. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Addyson spent four months training with her parents，waking up before 6 a．m.to run.Meanwhile，she started fundraising(募捐)by asking friends to make donations as birthday presents and clearing tables at a restaurant for tips.”可知Addyson一家非常热心，慷慨大方。故选C。 7．Why did Addyson run the Kansas City Half Marathon? A．To meet up with Maurine. B．To compete with her parents. C．To get a chance to have clean water. D．To raise money for kids like Maurine. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第五段可知Addyson参加半程马拉松赛是为像Maurine这样的孩子筹集资金。故选D。 8．What record has Addyson made in World Vision history? A．The first kid to finish a half marathon. B．The first runner to raise more than $ 20,000. C．The youngest runner in a 26­mile marathon. D．The youngest kid to raise more than $10,000. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“She's the youngest person in World Vision history to raise more than $10,000.”可知Addyson是世界宣明会历史上筹集了超过1万美元的最年轻的人。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Caroline Tegeret comes from a small village. Her 1 journey began like many others though filled with challenges since law is expensive. Coming from a community where girls 2 get past high school doesn't lighten the road in any way either. 3 graduating in 2017，she joined Kenya School of Law in 2018. After her pupilage，she 4 as an advocate of the High Court of Kenya on July 2,2020. “My dream to 5 a career in law began way back in high school，” she said. What was her driving force? For Tegeret it was the fact that, 6 development，her community was，and still is，far behind. Her community has high illiteracy levels and cultural 7 like early marriage. She 8 knew quite early that for her to be able to bring change to the community，she needed to be 9 with the right tools through education and knowledge of the law. As she 10 the midnight oil，studying piles of history books and law cases，the memory of her father further inspired her. Coming from a humble background，he 11 for her as an example of life's 12 as he was able to succeed in his teaching career. Tegeret wants to work with NGOs and government agencies to 13 the rights of the minority. This is more so to raise the 14 of those who can't speak for themselves. Her remarkable achievement is a source of encouragement to many young girls whose dreams look too big compared to their life's 15 . [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Caroline Tegeret来自一个小乡村，但她在父亲的激励下完成了学业，为改变社区状况不断地努力，成为很多和她有着一样命运的人的榜样。 1．A.career　　　　　　 B．love C．academic D．political 解析　C　根据下文中的“she joined Kenya School of Law in 2018”可知，她到肯尼亚法学院学习法律，所以这是她的学业之旅。故选C。 2．A.merely B．barely C．hopefully D．completely 解析　B　根据前文的“small village”可知，那里的条件不好，可推知女孩几乎都无法完成高中学业。故选B。 3．A.Until B．For C．During D．Upon 解析　D　根据空后的时间状语“in 2017”和“in 2018”可知，她是毕业之后进入肯尼亚法学院的。故选D。 4．A.qualified B．acknowledged C．concentrated D．deserved 解析　A　根据空后的“as an advocate”可知，她获得了作为辩护律师的资格。故选A。 5．A.damage B．boost C．pursue D．ruin 解析　C　根据前文中Tegeret所做的努力可知，她的梦想是致力于法律事业。故选C。 6．A.in honor of B．on behalf of C．by means of D．in terms of 解析　D　根据上文的“What was her driving force？”及下文“far behind”可知，此处指她的家乡在发展方面的落后促使她努力。故选D。 7．A.practices B．differences C．virtues D．values 解析　A　根据下文的“like early marriage”及常识可知，“早婚”是一个文化习俗的例子。故选A。 8．A.nevertheless B．thus C．so D．otherwise 解析　B　上文提到了她家乡的落后，因此她早早就知道自己需要做什么，前后是因果关系且空处位于句中。故选B。 9．A.charged B．occupied C．equipped D．presented 解析　C　根据“with the right tools”可知，此处指她需用正确的工具武装自己，来为社区做贡献。故选C。 10．A.burned B．spat C．pumped D．spilled 解析　A　根据“the midnight oil”可知，此处表示点着午夜的油灯。故选A。 11．A.came true B．stood out C．passed down D．showed off 解析　B　根据下文的“he was able to succeed in his teaching career”可知，她的父亲足够杰出，可以作为她的榜样。故选B。 12．A.convenience B．development C．tendencies D．possibilities 解析　D　根据前文可知，她的父亲虽然出身低微却能在事业上取得成功，这为她展现了过出不同人生的可能性。故选D。 13．A.desert B．explain C．promote D．estimate 解析　C　前文提到Tegeret出身贫苦，自小就立志改变家乡，由此可推知，她想要完善少数人的权利。 故选C。 14．A.voices B．ideas C．rates D．methods 解析　A　根据上文可知，她维护少数人的权利，这也意味着要提高那些不能为自己说话的人的声音。故选A。 15．A.findings B．opportunities C．responsibilities D．circumstances 解析　D　根据前文可知，Tegeret来自小山村，却一直努力改变自身命运和社会环境，她的成就鼓励的是那些梦想与她们的生活环境相比显得遥不可及的年轻女孩。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$