专题39 现在分词和过去分词用法讲练测 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案 （北师大版2019）

2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019） 第三章 核心语法 专题39 现在分词和过去分词用法讲练测 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) 原卷版 目录 一、高考真题—现在分词和过去分词8大考点38例真题分类通关 1 二、备考策略—现在分词和过去分词3大考向+思维导图+考点归纳 3 三、名校模拟—现在分词和过去分词最新高频易错单句填空30例 6 四、原创语填—男子4x100米混合泳接力赛破世界记录获金牌 7 一、五年高考真题分类通关 真题调研一：考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系） 1.(2024新课标II卷) (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 2. (2024北京卷)Just then, some kids ran at him, (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 3.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 4.（2023全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 5.（2023天津3月卷）________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 6.（2022新课标I卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 7.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 8.（2022全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 9.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is food. 10.（2021北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. 11.（2019全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, __________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 真题调研二：考查现在分词短语作定语（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作） 12.（2023新课标II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 13. （2023天津6月卷）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________(originate) from Europe and China. 14（2022新课标II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___________ (fall) child. 15.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ___________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 16（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs. 17.（2021浙江1月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 18.（2019全国II卷）When we got a call ___________（say）she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 真题调研三：考查现在分词短语作宾语补足语（与句子宾语之间构成主动关系） 19.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___________ (want) more next time. 20.（2020全国III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 真题调研四：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系） 21.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 22.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 23.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 24.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 25.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 26. (2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 27.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 28.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 29.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 30.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 31.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 32.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 真题调研五：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 33.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 34.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 真题调研六：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”） 35.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 36.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____________(challenge). 真题调研七：考查过去分词短语作状语（多表示与句子主语之间被动关系） 37.（2018· 北京）Ordinary soap, if_________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 真题调研八：考查过去分词短语作插入语 38.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 二、考点支架式备考策略 一、分词高考考向归纳 动向一、分词短语作状语用法 动向二、分词短语作定语用法 动向三、分词短语作宾语补足语用法 二、分词考点思维导图 三、分词作状语难点突破 难点一：用过去分词还是现在分词？ 办法：考虑该动作与句子谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系 难点二：用doing还是having done状语？ 办法：考虑该动作与句子谓语动作是同步还是先于谓语动词 四、分词主动表被动用法 难点一：measure, weigh表示“量起来，称下来”，该结构作定语常用-ing形式主动形式表示被动意义； 难点二：consist of, belong to, date back to, bade from等短语作定语，常用-ing形式主动形式表示被动意义 难点三：judging by, generally speaking, talking of…短语作插入语时。 五、过去分词作定语难点突破 1.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。 tired visitors疲惫的游客 a well-organised trip组织有序的旅行 beautifully dressed stars衣着华丽的明星 The disease was caused by polluted water. 这种疾病是由污染了的水造成的。 2.有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。 We finished the run in less than half the time allowed.  我们用了不到规定时间的一半就跑完了。 He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。 3.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后。 The river polluted by daily waste is now dirty and smelly. 被日常废物污染的河水现在脏且难闻。 六、过去分词作宾语补足语难点突破 1.用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。 I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。 When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses.    当他在医院醒来时，他发现自己被医生和护士包围着。 2.用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。 The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself heard. 演讲者提高嗓音但还是不能让听众听到他的声音。 He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天拔了牙。 3.用于wish, want, would like, expect, order等表示“意欲”“命令”的动词后面作宾语补足语。 The boss ordered the plan carried out as soon as possible. 老板命令计划尽可能块地被执行。 The father wants his daughter taught Japanese. 这位父亲想让女儿学日语。 4.用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。 With the work finished, he went out for a walk. 工作完成了，他到外面散步去了。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.   凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。 七、过去分词短语作状语难点突破 过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。 Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看，城市显得更美丽。 Lost in thought, he almost knocked into a tree. 由于陷入了沉思，他差点撞到树上。 Heated, water will turn into steam. 如果受热，水会变成水蒸气。 Supported by a girl, the old man got off the bus. 在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人下了公共汽车。 八、过去分词短语作插入语难点突破 compared with/to常用作插入语，表示“和……相比”。 My own problems seem insignificant compared with other people's. 与别人的问题相比，我自己的问题算不得什么。 Profits have risen by 15 per cent compared with the corresponding period last year. 与去年同期相比利润增长了15%。 三、易错题强化训练30题 1. He sat on the bench, with one of his legs __________ (swing) from side to side. 2. With the final exam __________ (approach), all the students are revising their lessons. 3. With my homework __________ (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily. 4. __________ (accompany) by cheerful music, we began to dance. 5. __________ (see) from the top of a hill, we find the city very attractive. 6. __________ (be) ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 7. With so many people __________ (focus) on him, he felt very nervous. 8. When the man was walking by the river, he saw a boy __________ (struggle) in the water. 9. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience __________ (seat) on benches. 10. With a great many articles__________ (write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning. 11. __________ (base) on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack, saw amusing films and tasted delicious foods. 12. It cannot be denied that those __________ (bless) with high incomes also owe their success to luck. 13. It is widely known that the Internet has many advantages. It keeps us __________ (inform) of the latest news, and also provides entertainment. 14. They keep saying I can enjoy the dim sim, but the reality is that there is nothing __________ (leave). 15. The Yellow River Piano Concerto, __________ (consist) of four movements, is well worth enjoying. 16. The bridge was damaged in the flood, __________ (result) in the train falling into the river. 17. To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, __________ (become) the most beautiful building in our school. 18. My friend stood on the platform, __________ (wave) goodbye to me before getting on the train. 19. __________ (judge) from the expression of the judge, he didn’t agree with the lawyer’s opinion. 20. With the nuclear waste water __________ (pollute) the ocean, the world is worried about the problem and make efforts to find ways to deal with it. 21. Along the way, we met fellow travelers, all __________ (pursue) the same goal: the sunrise. 22. Weather __________ (permit), we will play tennis this Saturday. 23. __________ (locate) in New York Harbor, the 152-foot Statue of Liberty was a gift of international friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States. 24. Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as __________ (schedule). 25. Bitterly __________ (oppose) by the residents, the proposal to build a new airport was eventually cancelled. 26. __________ (read) the poem a second time, he had a better understanding of it. 27. __________ (employ) in writing the paper, he missed an important meeting. 28. Who is the woman __________ (operate) on now? 29. Listen! I’m sure you can hear the birds__________ (sing) in the garden right now. 30. While __________ (wait) for him, I found my wallet was missing. 四、原创语法填空语篇训练 Paris 2024 swimming: All results, as People's Republic of China win gold in men's 4x100m medley relay The final day of swimming at the Olympic Games Paris 2024 on Sunday, 4 August 1 (see) the People's Republic of China with Xu Jiayu, Qin Haiyang, Sun Jiajun and Pan Zhanle win gold in the men's 4x100m medley relay with a time of 3:27.46. The United States of America claimed silver with a time of 3:28.01. China's win 2 (end) the remarkable Team USA streak (好运气) of winning the men's 4x100m relay going back to LA 1984. Pan, 3 (speak) through a translator, said, “This is magic for me. We make a good team and we got a good result.” Dressel, speaking 4 behalf of his team, said, “For Team USA， the expectation is winning gold. That's traditionally 5 we strive for." "That was 6 close race today. It came down to the wire. China had four great splits. We had four great splits. 7 they were faster. It's as simple as that." Murphy shared Dressel's sentiment, saying, “Today, China was just a little bit 8 (good). All of us going in that competition, we put a lot of pressure on 9 (we) to be great out there."It is hard to get 10 (separate) in that race. It was really tight all the way through. Hats off to China, they had a great race tonight.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019） 第三章 核心语法 专题39 现在分词和过去分词用法讲练测 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) 解析版 目录 一、高考真题—现在分词和过去分词8大考点38例真题分类通关 1 二、备考策略—现在分词和过去分词3大考向+思维导图+考点归纳 6 三、名校模拟—现在分词和过去分词最新高频易错单句填空30例 9 四、原创语填—男子4x100米混合泳接力赛破世界记录获金牌 12 一、五年高考真题分类通关 真题调研一：考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系） 1.(2024新课标II卷) (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 1. Recalling。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 2. (2024北京卷)Just then, some kids ran at him, (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 2. knocking。考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 3.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 3. borrowing。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 4.（2023全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 4.Having visited。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 5.（2023天津3月卷）________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 5. Dating。【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故填Dating。 6.（2022新课标I卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 6. Covering。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 7.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 7. planning。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。 8.（2022全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 8. inviting。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。 9.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is food. 9. thinking。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，___________ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。 10.（2021北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. 10. resulting。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。 11.（2019全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, __________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 11. listening。解析：考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。 真题调研二：考查现在分词短语作定语（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作） 12.（2023新课标II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 12.visiting。解析：考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 13. （2023天津6月卷）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________(originate) from Europe and China. 13. originating。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填originating。 14（2022新课标II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___________ (fall) child. 14. falling。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 15.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ___________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 15. existing, sighted。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉•斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。 形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填existing, sighted。 16（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs. 16. aching。【解析】考查非谓语动词。修饰legs用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。故填aching。 17.（2021浙江1月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 17.living。【解析】考查非谓语动词。结合语境空白处需要一个现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。故填living。 18.（2019全国II卷）When we got a call ___________（say）she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 18. saying。解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。 真题调研三：考查现在分词短语作宾语补足语（与句子宾语之间构成主动关系） 19.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___________ (want) more next time. 19.wanting。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。 20.（2020全国III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 20. surrounding。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds ___________ (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。 真题调研四：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系） 21.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 20. inspired。考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 22.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 22. designed。考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 23.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 23. recognized。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 24.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 24. intended。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 25.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 25. built。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 26. (2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 26. posted。【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填posted。 27.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 27. surrounded。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 28.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 28. held。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 29.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 29. studied。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。 30.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 30. caused。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 31.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 31. found。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 32.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 32. marked。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。 真题调研五：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 33.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 33. astonished。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished. 34.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 34. decorated。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 真题调研六：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”） 35.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 35. closed。考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 36.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____________(challenge). 36. challenged。解析：考查非谓语动词。feel为系动词，之后缺表语，故用过去分词challenged，表示"被挑战的"，所以用过去分词。 真题调研七：考查过去分词短语作状语（多表示与句子主语之间被动关系） 37.（2018· 北京）Ordinary soap, if_________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 37. used。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故填used。 真题调研八：考查过去分词短语作插入语 38.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 38. compared。解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。 二、考点支架式备考策略 一、分词高考考向归纳 动向一、分词短语作状语用法 动向二、分词短语作定语用法 动向三、分词短语作宾语补足语用法 二、分词考点思维导图 三、分词作状语难点突破 难点一：用过去分词还是现在分词？ 办法：考虑该动作与句子谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系 难点二：用doing还是having done状语？ 办法：考虑该动作与句子谓语动作是同步还是先于谓语动词 四、分词主动表被动用法 难点一：measure, weigh表示“量起来，称下来”，该结构作定语常用-ing形式主动形式表示被动意义； 难点二：consist of, belong to, date back to, bade from等短语作定语，常用-ing形式主动形式表示被动意义 难点三：judging by, generally speaking, talking of…短语作插入语时。 五、过去分词作定语难点突破 1.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。 tired visitors疲惫的游客 a well-organised trip组织有序的旅行 beautifully dressed stars衣着华丽的明星 The disease was caused by polluted water. 这种疾病是由污染了的水造成的。 2.有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。 We finished the run in less than half the time allowed.  我们用了不到规定时间的一半就跑完了。 He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。 3.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后。 The river polluted by daily waste is now dirty and smelly. 被日常废物污染的河水现在脏且难闻。 六、过去分词作宾语补足语难点突破 1.用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。 I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。 When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses.    当他在医院醒来时，他发现自己被医生和护士包围着。 2.用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。 The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself heard. 演讲者提高嗓音但还是不能让听众听到他的声音。 He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天拔了牙。 3.用于wish, want, would like, expect, order等表示“意欲”“命令”的动词后面作宾语补足语。 The boss ordered the plan carried out as soon as possible. 老板命令计划尽可能块地被执行。 The father wants his daughter taught Japanese. 这位父亲想让女儿学日语。 4.用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。 With the work finished, he went out for a walk. 工作完成了，他到外面散步去了。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.   凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。 七、过去分词短语作状语难点突破 过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。 Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看，城市显得更美丽。 Lost in thought, he almost knocked into a tree. 由于陷入了沉思，他差点撞到树上。 Heated, water will turn into steam. 如果受热，水会变成水蒸气。 Supported by a girl, the old man got off the bus. 在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人下了公共汽车。 八、过去分词短语作插入语难点突破 compared with/to常用作插入语，表示“和……相比”。 My own problems seem insignificant compared with other people's. 与别人的问题相比，我自己的问题算不得什么。 Profits have risen by 15 per cent compared with the corresponding period last year. 与去年同期相比利润增长了15%。 三、易错题强化训练30题 1. He sat on the bench, with one of his legs __________ (swing) from side to side. 【答案】swinging 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他坐在长凳上，一条腿左右摆动着。本句为with的复合结构，one of his legs与swing为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填swinging。 2. With the final exam __________ (approach), all the students are revising their lessons. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着期末考试的临近，所有的学生都在复习功课。空格处是with复合结构，exam和approach之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填approaching。 3. With my homework __________ (finish), I went shopping with my mum happily. 【答案】finished 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作业做完后，我和妈妈愉快地去购物。此处是with复合结构，homework和finish之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填finished。 4. __________ (accompany) by cheerful music, we began to dance. 【答案】Accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：伴随着欢快的音乐，我们开始跳舞。设空处用作句子的伴随状语，动词accompany和主语we之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词，位于句首首字母大写。故填Accompanied。 5. __________ (see) from the top of a hill, we find the city very attractive. 【答案】Seeing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从山顶上看，我们发现这个城市很有吸引力。句中谓语是find，空格处用非谓语动词，we和see之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Seeing。 6. __________ (be) ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 【答案】Having been 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他病了很长时间，需要时间来恢复。此处be与he为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，且for a long time暗示应用现在分词的完成式having done；置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having been。 7. With so many people __________ (focus) on him, he felt very nervous. 【答案】focusing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这么多人盯着他，他感到很紧张。此处为with的复合结构，focus与people为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填focusing。 8. When the man was walking by the river, he saw a boy __________ (struggle) in the water. 【答案】struggling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个人在河边走时，看到一个男孩正在水中挣扎。see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”。现在分词作宾补。故填struggling。 9. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience __________ (seat) on benches. 【答案】seated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：销售活动通常在房子外面进行，观众坐在长凳上。空处需要非谓动词作宾语补足语。be seated“坐下”，所以此处需要省掉be动词，剩下过去分词作宾补。故填seated。 10. With a great many articles__________ (write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning. 【答案】to write 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多文章要写，他今天上午没有时间去购物。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，表示将要完成的动作，需用动词不定式。故填to write。 11. __________ (base) on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack, saw amusing films and tasted delicious foods. 【答案】Based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据评分，我买了我心爱的背包，看了有趣的电影，品尝了美味的食物。固定短语be based on意为“基于，根据”，因此用base的过去分词形式，作评注性状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Based。 12. It cannot be denied that those __________ (bless) with high incomes also owe their success to luck. 【答案】blessed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不可否认，那些有高收入的人也把他们的成功归功于运气。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰those，bless和those为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填blessed。 13. It is widely known that the Internet has many advantages. It keeps us __________ (inform) of the latest news, and also provides entertainment. 【答案】informed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：众所周知，互联网有很多优点。它让我们了解最新的新闻，也提供娱乐。设空处为宾语补足语，和宾语us之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填informed。 14. They keep saying I can enjoy the dim sim, but the reality is that there is nothing __________ (leave). 【答案】left 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一直说我可以享受点心，但现实是什么都没有了。空处位于that引导的表语从句中，从句中已有谓语动词is，空处应用非谓语形式，根据空前不定代词nothing可知，空处应用leave的过去分词形式left作形容词用，表示剩下的，剩余的，作后置定语修饰nothing。故填left。 15. The Yellow River Piano Concerto, __________ (consist) of four movements, is well worth enjoying. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：黄河钢琴协奏曲由四个乐章组成，非常值得欣赏。句中已有is，空处作非谓语动词，consist与逻辑主语The Yellow River Piano Concerto之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填consisting。 16. The bridge was damaged in the flood, __________ (result) in the train falling into the river. 【答案】resulting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：桥在洪水中被毁了，结果火车掉进了河里。设空处为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填resulting。 17. To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, __________ (become) the most beautiful building in our school. 【答案】becoming 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：首先，一个新的体育场已经建成，成为我们学校最美丽的建筑。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语动词，此处逻辑主语与动词之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词，本句中为现在分词作状语。故填becoming。 18. My friend stood on the platform, __________ (wave) goodbye to me before getting on the train. 【答案】waving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的朋友站在站台上，上车前向我挥手告别。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语my friend和动词wave是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填waving。 19. __________ (judge) from the expression of the judge, he didn’t agree with the lawyer’s opinion. 【答案】Judging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从法官的表情判断，他不同意律师的意见。judging from“从……判断”，用作独立成分，作状语，首字母应大写， 故填Judging。 20. With the nuclear waste water __________ (pollute) the ocean, the world is worried about the problem and make efforts to find ways to deal with it. 【答案】polluting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着核废水污染海洋，全世界都在担心这个问题，并努力寻找解决办法。这里是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，逻辑主语the nuclear waste water和pollute之间是主谓关系，且这里表示正在进行的动作，所以应用现在分词，作宾补。故填polluting。 21. Along the way, we met fellow travelers, all __________ (pursue) the same goal: the sunrise. 【答案】pursuing 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：一路上，我们遇到了同路人，他们都追求着同一个目标：看日出。该句中有谓语动词met，但没有连词，所以此处为独立主格结构作状语，逻辑主语all与pursue之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词。故填pursuing。 22. Weather __________ (permit), we will play tennis this Saturday. 【答案】permitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果天气允许，我们这个星期六打网球。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词构成独立主格，动词permit与逻辑主语weather之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。故填permitting。 23. __________ (locate) in New York Harbor, the 152-foot Statue of Liberty was a gift of international friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：位于纽约港的152英尺高的自由女神像是法国人民赠送给美国人民的国际友谊礼物。本句系动词为was，此处为非谓语动词，且the 152-foot Statue of Liberty与locate“把……安置在（或建造于）”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Located。 24. Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as __________ (schedule). 【答案】scheduled 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：昆士兰铁路尽一切努力确保列车如期运行。此处用了as引导方式状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，都是trains，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，schedule“安排，为……安排时间”和被省略的主语trains之间是被动关系，因此应用schedule的过去分词形式，as scheduled表示“如期，按照预定时间”。故填scheduled。 25. Bitterly __________ (oppose) by the residents, the proposal to build a new airport was eventually cancelled. 【答案】opposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于居民的强烈反对，修建新机场的提议最终被取消了。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语，作句子的原因状语，oppose“反对”和the proposal逻辑上是动宾关系，因此应用oppose的过去分词形式。故填opposed。 26. __________ (read) the poem a second time, he had a better understanding of it. 【答案】Having read 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：再一次读了这首诗，他对它有了更好的理解。本句谓语为had，此处为非谓语动词，动作read“读”与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，且在发生在主句谓语动词had a better understanding之前，用现在分词的完成式，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Having read。 27. __________ (employ) in writing the paper, he missed an important meeting. 【答案】Employed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于写论文，他错过了一个重要会议。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语，employ“花时间做，忙于做”和he逻辑上是被动关系，固定短语be employed in (doing) sth.意为“忙于（做）某事”，因此应用employ的过去分词形式，作原因状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Employed。 28. Who is the woman __________ (operate) on now? 【答案】being operated 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：现在正在做手术的那个女人是谁?结合语境，operate作定语，修饰the woman，operate与woman是被动关系，且operate表示正在进行的动作，应用现在分词被动形式表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。故填being operated。 29. Listen! I’m sure you can hear the birds__________ (sing) in the garden right now. 【答案】singing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听！我确信你现在能听到花园里鸟儿的歌声。hear sb./sth. do sth.意为“听到某人/某物做某事”，表示听到动作发生的全过程；hear sb./sth. doing sth.意为“听到某人/某物正在做某事”，表示听到动作正在进行。根据句中的Listen和right now可知，这里表示听见鸟儿正在歌唱，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填singing。 30. While __________ (wait) for him, I found my wallet was missing. 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词、省略句。句意：在等他的时候，我发现我的钱包不见了。while 引导时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词，此处完整的从句为“While I was waiting for him”，省略了 I 和 was，故填 waiting。 四、原创语法填空语篇训练 Paris 2024 swimming: All results, as People's Republic of China win gold in men's 4x100m medley relay The final day of swimming at the Olympic Games Paris 2024 on Sunday, 4 August 1 (see) the People's Republic of China with Xu Jiayu, Qin Haiyang, Sun Jiajun and Pan Zhanle win gold in the men's 4x100m medley relay with a time of 3:27.46. The United States of America claimed silver with a time of 3:28.01. China's win 2 (end) the remarkable Team USA streak (好运气) of winning the men's 4x100m relay going back to LA 1984. Pan, 3 (speak) through a translator, said, “This is magic for me. We make a good team and we got a good result.” Dressel, speaking 4 behalf of his team, said, “For Team USA， the expectation is winning gold. That's traditionally 5 we strive for." "That was 6 close race today. It came down to the wire. China had four great splits. We had four great splits. 7 they were faster. It's as simple as that." Murphy shared Dressel's sentiment, saying, “Today, China was just a little bit 8 (good). All of us going in that competition, we put a lot of pressure on 9 (we) to be great out there."It is hard to get 10 (separate) in that race. It was really tight all the way through. Hats off to China, they had a great race tonight.” 【参考答案】 1. saw。这句话的意思是：在2024年8月4日周日的巴黎奥运会游泳项目的最后一天，中华人民共和国与徐嘉余、覃海洋、孙佳俊和潘展乐以3分27秒46的成绩赢得了男子4x100米混合泳接力金牌。根据句意可知，这句话描述的是过去发生的事情，所以谓语动词要用一般过去时，故填saw。 2.ends。这句话的意思是：中国的胜利结束了自1984年洛杉矶奥运会以来，美国队在男子4x100米接力赛中连续获胜的纪录。思考题：这一题的答案可以是ended吗？这一题的难度很大，可以把你的答案放在留言区。 3.speaking。这句话的意思是：潘通过一个翻译说：“这对我来说很神奇。我们组成了一个很好的团队，并取得了很好的结果。”speak与Pan是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作状语，表示主动和进行，故填speaking。 4. on/behalf of。这句话的意思是：德雷塞尔代表他的团队说：“对于美国队来说，我们的期望是赢得金牌。这是我们传统上努力追求的目标。”on/behalf of“代表”，是固定短语，故填on/behalf of。 5. what。这是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作介词for的宾语，表示“我们所追求的东西”，所以用what引导，故填what。 6. a。这句话的意思是：那是一场势均力敌的比赛。race是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，所以前面要加不定冠词a，表示“一场势均力敌的比赛”，故填a。 7. But。前后句之间是转折关系，所以用转折连词but，这句话的意思是：中国有四个很好的成绩，我们也有四个很好的成绩，但是他们更快。 8. better。这句话的意思是：今天，中国只是稍微好一点。根据句意可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，所以用比较级，good的比较级是better，故填better。 9. ourselves。这句话的意思是：所有参加比赛的人，我们都给自己施加了很大的压力，要求自己在比赛中表现出色。此处主语和宾语是同一个人，所以用反身代词ourselves作宾语，表示“我们自己”，故填ourselves。 10. separated/separation。这句话的意思是：在那场比赛中很难分开。get是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，separate的形容词是separated，表示“分开的”，故填separated。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$