精品解析：河北省邯郸市育华中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第三次月考英语试题

邯郸市育华中学23-24学年高一第一学期第三次月考英语卷 (满分：150 分，测试时间：120 分钟) 第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共 95 分) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What time is it now? A. 1:15 p.m. B. 2:15 p.m. C. 3:15 p.m. 2.What season is it now? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 3.What does the man suggest? A. Seeing a film. B. Staying at home. C. Having a picnic. 4.What was the score of Class Two? A. 67. B. 70. C. 77. 5.What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6.Where is the closest store? A. Next to the hotel. B. On 3rd street. C. On 22nd street. 7.How will the woman probably go? A. By bus. B.By taxi. C. By subway. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8.What are the man’s neighbors doing? A.Having a party. B.Listening to loud music. C.Watching a loud movie. 9.Why should the man get up early tomorrow? A.To do some exercise. BTo attend a meeting. C.To go to a factory. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.Who competed in the marathon? A. The man. B. The man’s relative. C. The woman’s uncle. 11.How did Bikila behave in the marathon? A. He won the race. B. He got second place. C. He got last place. 12.Where did the man learn about Bikila’s story? A. From the woman. B. In a newspaper. C. On TV. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13.What does the man find difficult? A. Graduating on time. B. Doing his job well. C. Finding a job. 14.What does the woman advise the man to do? A.Ask Mike for help. B.Invite Mike to dinner. C.Stay in school for another semester. 15.Who is Mike? A.The woman’s uncle. B.The woman’s cousin. C.The woman’s brother. 16.When will the man leave school? A.In about half a month. B.In about a month. C.In about two months. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17.When was the boy’s school opened? A. In 2003. B. In 2005. C. In 2007. 18.How many students are there in the boy’s school? A. About 1,005. B. About 2,000. C. About 2,500. 19.Where are most students in the school from? A.English-speaking countries. B.French-speaking countries. C.Spanish-speaking countries. 20.What does the boy think of the teachers in the school? A. Nice. B. Strict. C. Patient. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We want to pave(为铺路) the way for the women who try their best to achieve their dreams in the scientific world. That’s why ABC Wildlife offers a scholarship(奖学金) to increase the number of women studying science as well as technology, engineering and mathematics. To Apply Please send your essay(论文) in 1 000 words or fewer to grants@abcwildlife.com. The subject line must include “Women in STEM Scholarship”. You do not need to be a United States citizen to apply. This scholarship is open to women. Graduate and undergraduate students are welcome to apply by the deadline of July 1st. Award $1, 000 will be given to the top essay handed in. Up to nine other students may receive $500 for their essays. Those who hand in an essay can get a book. The money may be used for some learning projects, housing, transportation, or other education-related costs. Eligibility(资格) A.To apply for the scholarship, applicants must be students enrolled(登记) at a college or university recognized by the US Department of Education. B.Applicants must be studying or planning to study the fields of science, technology, engineering or mathematics. 1. What should you do to apply for ABC Wildlife Protection Scholarship? A. Hand in a 1200-word essay. B. Write anything that you are fond of. C. Find an American to recommend you. D. Send your essay to the specific e-mail. 2. What can you get if your essay is considered the best? A. $ 500. B. A book. C. $ 1 000. D. A house. 3. Who can apply for the scholarship? A. A girl who is going to major in mathematics. B. A senior high school student who likes science. C. A boy whose dad works in ABC Wildlife. D. A worker of the US Department of Education. B For the first three months of my year abroad in Seville, Spain, I lived in a new flat with a Spanish boy and two French boys. We spoke to one another in Spanish. I remember my first weekend there. My new flatmates organised a barbeque (烧烤), inviting many Spanish people. Everyone was talking in Spanish. I had thought it a good chance to practice my Spanish; however, they spoke too fast. At the barbeque, I faced new challenges and new language barriers (障碍). Before coming to Seville, I had been studying Spanish for two years, but you can never be sure of how you speak a foreign language until you actually go to a country where that language is spoken. In Seville, I made many mistakes when I spoke in Spanish. Sometimes, I would realize that I didn’t actually know how to say what I wanted to say. Other times, I would try to simplify what I wanted to say — I knew what I meant in English and could more or less say it in Spanish. But it’s not so easy to translate successfully from one language to another. So, I often found it difficult to communicate. Now, my Spanish flatmate could speak much faster and more naturally with us. I think that living with a native speaker and being surrounded (围绕) by the language from morning till night really helped me to improve so much so that when we organised a second barbeque, I could communicate with native Spanish speakers fluently. 4. What happened to the author at the first barbeque his flatmates organised? A. He made a lot of new friends. B. He was asked to speak English. C. He failed to understand the Spanish people. D. He learned a lot about Spanish food culture. 5. What difficulty did the author mention in paragraph 3? A. He failed in translation tests. B. He experienced culture shock. C. He couldn’t find a partner to practice Spanish with. D. He couldn’t find the right words to express himself. 6. How did the author feel at the second barbeque? A. Confident. B. Thankful. C. Concerned. D. Honoured. 7. What does the author tell us through the text? A. Why he went to Seville. B. The language barriers he met. C. How he got on with his flatmates. D. The importance of learning Spanish. C Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as hutongs. Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk. Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 hutongs, most of which are near the Imperial Palaces. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250. In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, which cover 62 square kilometers, some people will be asked to move from hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture. “On average more than 100,000 people visit the Imperial Palaces during the National Day holidays. The visitors put pressure on the protection of cultural relics,” said Huang Yan, director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that hutongs should be protected from human damage. The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritages worked. Wang Shaofeng, head of the Xicheng district government, said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). The district of Xicheng has 1.28 million residents in its 57 square kilometers of land. “The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage,” Wang said “Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished,” Wang said. No one knows for sure how many hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years. 8. How many hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing? A. Less than 1.000. B. About 2.000. C. More than 3.000. D. Over 4.000. 9. According to Huang Yan, what is the main cause of the damage to cultural relics? A. Visitors’ activity. B. Residents’ attitude. C. Communities’ behaviour. D. The government’s policy. 10. Which of the following is a useful way to protect hutongs? A. To attract more visitors. B. To punish anyone damaging them. C. To increase the local population. D. To forbid everyone getting close to them. 11. What will happen to hutongs in the near future? A. Only time will tell. B. No one will remember them. C. The number will be growing. D. Hutongs will disappear completely. D What’s the first thing you remember doing? It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake. Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid (生动的) memories? Did those special moments really happen, or did we make them up? According to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have faked a memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. The story told by others could have made our mind adopt someone else’s memory as our own. The video or the photo we have seen could have influenced us to invent it. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be incorrect, or totally wrong. Our ability to keep memories before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine, an expert at the University of Westminster. He believes the memories that babies make are not long-lasting. This is possibly because of the rapid creation of brain cells (脑细胞) in our early years. Some scientists also believe that as we get older, our childhood memories disappear gradually and after the age of seven, we get some kind of “childhood amnesia (失忆症)”. So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear wish for a sense of self and having a complete story of our life. Creating memories can fill in the gaps. As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our whole lives. So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one or even before — just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives. 12. Why does the author ask some questions in the beginning of the text? A. To explain a common problem. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To offer background information. D. To test our brains. 13. What does the underlined word “adopt” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Accept. B. Provide. C. Refuse. D. Control. 14. Why do children forget what happened before the age of two? A. Their memories are damaged. B. Brain cells grow very quickly. C. Childhood memories are not great. D. They suffer from childhood amnesia. 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. We can fully trust all our memories. B. We have long-term memories when we are two. C. As we grow older, our childhood memories become clearer. D. The childhood experiences told by others are not true sometimes. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You Are a Better Person Than You Think You Are Maybe you haven’t achieved goals in a self-planned time. ____16____. But this doesn’t mean you are a bad person or a failure. You could indeed be a wonderful person. You could actually be a much better person than you believe you are. So, let’s examine the idea that you might be better than you think. You show kindness Being polite and kind is the mark of a good person. When you do this, you are treating others like you would want to be treated. ____17____. Even the smallest things do not go unnoticed and tell others you have a good heart. You are a positive (积极的) person Keeping an optimistic (乐观的) attitude is also what a good person often does. It is easy to become down with all the bad things going on in the world, but there’s another way to look at these things. When you’re actually better than you think, you will have the habit of looking on the bright side of every situation and seeing the best in everyone. ____18____. ____19____. Being wise is not about being intelligent. It’s about learning from life experiences. Why does this make you a better person than you think? Wisdom can be passed to others to help them avoid the same mistakes you made. You are a good person if you’ve collected wisdom and love to share lessons with others. So, go easy on yourself. Appreciate (感恩) who you are. If there are things you need to change, that’s okay. ____20____. It’s about our attitude and our heart. If you took the time to read this, you are a better person than you think. A. We all have problems B. You give honest comments C Respect others and their space D. It’s just all about showing optimism E. You are wise, and you share your wisdom F. Maybe you have made many mistakes as well G. This may include opening doors for others or picking up change for people in front of you at the checkout line 第三部分 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My classmate Pratik was always painting on paper in spare time. I really wanted to ____21____what he was doing, but he ____22____ kept it secret. One day, during a ____23____ only Pratik and I were in classroom. One of our classmates came to tell him that our teacher wanted to see him. He ____24____ the classroom and forgot to put his paper away. Out of curiosity I quickly came to his place and had a look. What I saw had ____25____ me. On the paper was painted a waterfall which looked so real that I thought the water was going to fall on me and make my clothes ____26____. As I was picking up the last paper, the bell rang. Pratik returned and I put them back quickly and went back to my ____27____. After school, I tried bravely to ____28____ to Pratik. I praised his paintings and he was ____29____. He said he wanted to become a famous painter and I shared my dream of becoming a(n) _____30_____. He wanted to paint the cover for my _____31_____ and I agreed. I always shared with him my _____32_____ and he always showed me his ideas. Many_____33_____ passed and Pratik has really become a _____34_____ artist but I’m still an unknown writer. I keep in touch with him all the time and I hope our _____35_____ will last forever. 21. A. report B. know C. show D. explain 22. A. only B. hardly C. still D. always 23. A. break B. game C. class D. play 24. A. passed B. entered C. checked D. left 25. A. frightened B. shocked C. encouraged D. concerned 26. A. dirty B. messy C. wet D. spotted 27 A. office B. room C. seat D. home 28. A. agree B. speak C. shout D. wave 29. A. pleased B. anxious C. nervous D. worried 30. A. artist B. lawyer C. teacher D. writer 31. A. magazines B. notes C. books D. papers 32. A. stories B. secrets C. discoveries D. suggestions 33. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years 34. A. common B. strange C. famous D. special 35. A. friendship B. experience C. guidance D. achievement 第II 卷(非选择题,共 55 分) 第四部分：英语知识运用 第一节(共 10 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 20 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jeff is the president of a big company and lives a very wealthy life. What is his attitude____36____life? Maybe you can find the answer from his story. When Jeff was only 7 years old, one summer night, a terrible earthquake____37____(strike) his hometown. He became an orphan (孤儿) overnight. He had no choice but to be____38____beggar. It was a time____39____he lived a poor life. Sometimes he even couldn’t be treated____40____(equal).____41____there were some difficulties, he would never give up. As he grew older, he couldn’t stand begging for food and wanted to____42____(regard) as a common person. To satisfy____43____(he) demands, he acted immediately. He made great efforts to earn money by ____44____(deliver) goods. He also struggled_____45_____(study) knowledge by himself. Later, he went to university and Jeff succeeded in changing his fate. Jeff’s experiences make us understand that the only person we can depend on is ourselves. 第二节(共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 读下面单句，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. At the beginning, the written Chinese was________(base) on varieties of pictures.(所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Different means of transportation________(be) tried during the trip last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. The book gives a detailed________(describe) of the war. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. They have spent________(billion) of dollars on the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. I really appreciate________(work) with someone who does such a good job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. She________(sweep) the floor before the guests arrived. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Burning coal causes air pollution and increases ________ (globe) warming. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The snake usually reaches a ___________ (long) of 100cm.(所给词适当形式填空) 54. The scientist________(refer) to the problem at least three times in his last speech. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. The “new four great inventions” are all________(relate) to China’s high-tech innovation(创新). (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. The Amazon rainforest is home to________(variety) of plant life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. Xi’an is the capital of several________(dynasty) in the history of China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. ________ (wave) hands is a polite way of greeting all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. Charles was the boy_________helped many people escape from danger. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. I’d like to live in a house __________ there is plenty of sunshine. (根据句式结构填空) 第五部分：应用文写作(满分 20 分) 61. 假设你是李华，在本周你收到了好友Tom的来信，他在高中数学学习中遇到了困惑，在数学考试中分数不理想，现向你寻求帮助，请你给Tom写一封回信，内容包括： 1.表示对他问题的理解； 2.对于他的遇到的问题进行解答； 3.聊一聊你在上高中以来遇到的困惑。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 BAACB 11-15CACAB 16-20 BAACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 邯郸市育华中学23-24学年高一第一学期第三次月考英语卷 (满分：150 分，测试时间：120 分钟) 第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共 95 分) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What time is it now? A. 1:15 p.m. B. 2:15 p.m. C. 3:15 p.m. 2.What season is it now? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 3.What does the man suggest? A Seeing a film. B. Staying at home. C. Having a picnic. 4.What was the score of Class Two? A. 67. B. 70. C. 77. 5.What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6.Where is the closest store? A. Next to the hotel. B. On 3rd street. C. On 22nd street. 7.How will the woman probably go? A. By bus. B.By taxi. C. By subway. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8.What are the man’s neighbors doing? A.Having a party. B.Listening to loud music. C.Watching a loud movie. 9.Why should the man get up early tomorrow? A.To do some exercise. B.To attend a meeting. C.To go to a factory. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.Who competed in the marathon? A. The man. B. The man’s relative. C. The woman’s uncle. 11.How did Bikila behave in the marathon? A. He won the race. B. He got second place. C. He got last place. 12.Where did the man learn about Bikila’s story? A. From the woman. B. In a newspaper. C. On TV. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13.What does the man find difficult? A. Graduating on time. B. Doing his job well. C. Finding a job. 14.What does the woman advise the man to do? A.Ask Mike for help. B.Invite Mike to dinner. C.Stay in school for another semester. 15.Who is Mike? A.The woman’s uncle. B.The woman’s cousin. C.The woman’s brother. 16.When will the man leave school? A.In about half a month. B.In about a month. C.In about two months. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17.When was the boy’s school opened? A. In 2003. B. In 2005. C. In 2007. 18.How many students are there in the boy’s school? A. About 1,005. B. About 2,000. C. About 2,500. 19.Where are most students in the school from? A.English-speaking countries. B.French-speaking countries. C.Spanish-speaking countries. 20.What does the boy think of the teachers in the school? A. Nice. B. Strict. C. Patient. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We want to pave(为铺路) the way for the women who try their best to achieve their dreams in the scientific world. That’s why ABC Wildlife offers a scholarship(奖学金) to increase the number of women studying science as well as technology, engineering and mathematics. To Apply Please send your essay(论文) in 1 000 words or fewer to grants@abcwildlife.com. The subject line must include “Women in STEM Scholarship”. You do not need to be a United States citizen to apply. This scholarship is open to women. Graduate and undergraduate students are welcome to apply by the deadline of July 1st. Award $1, 000 will be given to the top essay handed in. Up to nine other students may receive $500 for their essays. Those who hand in an essay can get a book. The money may be used for some learning projects, housing, transportation, or other education-related costs. Eligibility(资格) A.To apply for the scholarship, applicants must be students enrolled(登记) at a college or university recognized by the US Department of Education. B.Applicants must be studying or planning to study the fields of science, technology, engineering or mathematics. 1. What should you do to apply for ABC Wildlife Protection Scholarship? A. Hand in a 1200-word essay. B. Write anything that you are fond of. C. Find an American to recommend you. D. Send your essay to the specific e-mail. 2. What can you get if your essay is considered the best? A. $ 500. B. A book. C. $ 1 000. D. A house. 3. Who can apply for the scholarship? A. A girl who is going to major in mathematics. B. A senior high school student who likes science. C. A boy whose dad works in ABC Wildlife. D. A worker of the US Department of Education. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了关于ABC Wildlife提供的STEM奖学金，旨在鼓励女性学生在科学、技术、工程和数学领域学习并实现梦想。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Please send your essay(论文) in 1000 words or fewer to grants@abcwildlife.com. (请将你的论文以1000字或更少的字数发送到grants@abcwildlife.com)”可知，要申请ABC Wildlife Protection Scholarship需要将论文发送到特定的电子邮件地址，故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“$1, 000 will be given to the top essay handed in. (提交的顶尖论文将获得1000美元)”可知，如果你的论文被认为是最好的，你将得到1000美元，故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“To apply for the scholarship, applicants must be students enrolled(登记) at a college or university recognized by the US Department of Education. (要申请这项奖学金，申请人必须是在美国教育部认可的学院或大学注册的学生)”和“Applicants must be studying or planning to study the fields of science, technology, engineering or mathematics. (申请人必须正在学习或计划学习科学、技术、工程或数学领域)”可以推知，即将主修数学的女孩可以申请这项奖学金，故选A项。 B For the first three months of my year abroad in Seville, Spain, I lived in a new flat with a Spanish boy and two French boys. We spoke to one another in Spanish. I remember my first weekend there. My new flatmates organised a barbeque (烧烤), inviting many Spanish people. Everyone was talking in Spanish. I had thought it a good chance to practice my Spanish; however, they spoke too fast. At the barbeque, I faced new challenges and new language barriers (障碍). Before coming to Seville, I had been studying Spanish for two years, but you can never be sure of how you speak a foreign language until you actually go to a country where that language is spoken. In Seville, I made many mistakes when I spoke in Spanish. Sometimes, I would realize that I didn’t actually know how to say what I wanted to say. Other times, I would try to simplify what I wanted to say — I knew what I meant in English and could more or less say it in Spanish. But it’s not so easy to translate successfully from one language to another. So, I often found it difficult to communicate. Now, my Spanish flatmate could speak much faster and more naturally with us. I think that living with a native speaker and being surrounded (围绕) by the language from morning till night really helped me to improve so much so that when we organised a second barbeque, I could communicate with native Spanish speakers fluently. 4. What happened to the author at the first barbeque his flatmates organised? A. He made a lot of new friends. B. He was asked to speak English. C. He failed to understand the Spanish people. D. He learned a lot about Spanish food culture. 5. What difficulty did the author mention in paragraph 3? A. He failed in translation tests. B. He experienced culture shock. C. He couldn’t find a partner to practice Spanish with. D. He couldn’t find the right words to express himself. 6. How did the author feel at the second barbeque? A. Confident. B. Thankful. C. Concerned. D. Honoured. 7. What does the author tell us through the text? A. Why he went to Seville. B. The language barriers he met. C. How he got on with his flatmates. D. The importance of learning Spanish. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习西班牙语的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Everyone was talking in Spanish. I had thought it a good chance to practice my Spanish; however, they spoke too fast. At the barbeque, I faced new challenges and new language barriers (障碍).(每个人都在用西班牙语交谈。我原以为这是一个练习西班牙语的好机会；然而，他们说得太快了。在烧烤聚会上，我遇到了新的挑战和新的语言障碍)”可知，在室友组织的第一次烧烤聚会上作者听不懂西班牙人的话。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sometimes, I would realize that I didn’t actually know how to say what I wanted to say. Other times, I would try to simplify what I wanted to say — I knew what I meant in English and could more or less say it in Spanish.(有时候，我会意识到我实际上不知道如何说我想说的话。其他时候，我会尽量简化我想说的话——我知道我的英语意思，或多或少会用西班牙语表达出来)”可知，作者遇到的困难是找不到合适的词语来表达自己。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“when we organised a second barbeque, I could communicate with native Spanish speakers fluently.(当我们组织第二次烧烤时，我可以流利地与西班牙语母语者交流)”可推知，在第二次烧烤时作者可以流利地与西班牙语母语者交流，感到非常自信。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者在学习西班牙语的过程中遇到的困难，所以作者想要告诉我们的是“他遇到的语言障碍”。故选B项。 C Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as hutongs. Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk. Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 hutongs, most of which are near the Imperial Palaces. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250. In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, which cover 62 square kilometers, some people will be asked to move from hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture. “On average more than 100,000 people visit the Imperial Palaces during the National Day holidays. The visitors put pressure on the protection of cultural relics,” said Huang Yan, director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that hutongs should be protected from human damage. The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritages worked. Wang Shaofeng, head of the Xicheng district government, said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). The district of Xicheng has 1.28 million residents in its 57 square kilometers of land. “The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage,” Wang said “Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished,” Wang said. No one knows for sure how many hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years. 8 How many hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing? A. Less than 1.000. B. About 2.000. C. More than 3.000. D. Over 4.000. 9. According to Huang Yan, what is the main cause of the damage to cultural relics? A. Visitors’ activity. B. Residents’ attitude. C. Communities’ behaviour. D. The government’s policy. 10. Which of the following is a useful way to protect hutongs? A. To attract more visitors. B. To punish anyone damaging them. C. To increase the local population. D To forbid everyone getting close to them. 11. What will happen to hutongs in the near future? A. Only time will tell. B. No one will remember them. C. The number will be growing. D. Hutongs will disappear completely. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了北京胡同的现状和保护措施。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 hutongs, most of which are near the Imperial Palaces. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250. (据信，北京目前只有不到1000条胡同，其中大部分在故宫附近。而在60年前，这个数字是3250)”可知，过去60年间，北京的胡同减少了约2000条。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“‘On average more than 100,000 people visit the Imperial Palaces during the National Day holidays. The visitors put pressure on the protection of cultural relics, ’ said Huang Yan. (‘国庆假期期间，平均有超过10万人参观故宫。游客给文物保护带来了压力。’黄杨说)”和“hutongs should be protected from human damage (胡同应该受到保护，避免人为破坏)”可知，黄杨认为游客活动对文物造成了破坏。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五自然段“‘Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished, ’ Wang said. (王说，‘每个社区都被要求报告其文化遗产的状况，特别是胡同，任何破坏遗产的行为都将受到惩罚。’)”可知，惩罚破坏遗产的行为是一种可行的办法。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六自然段“No one knows for sure how many hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years. (没有人确切知道在未来的100年里还会有多少胡同)”可知，对于100年后胡同的情况，谁也不清楚，只有让时间来告诉我们。故选A项。 D What’s the first thing you remember doing? It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake. Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid (生动的) memories? Did those special moments really happen, or did we make them up? According to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have faked a memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. The story told by others could have made our mind adopt someone else’s memory as our own. The video or the photo we have seen could have influenced us to invent it. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be incorrect, or totally wrong. Our ability to keep memories before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine, an expert at the University of Westminster. He believes the memories that babies make are not long-lasting. This is possibly because of the rapid creation of brain cells (脑细胞) in our early years. Some scientists also believe that as we get older, our childhood memories disappear gradually and after the age of seven, we get some kind of “childhood amnesia (失忆症)”. So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear wish for a sense of self and having a complete story of our life. Creating memories can fill in the gaps. As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our whole lives. So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one or even before — just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives. 12. Why does the author ask some questions in the beginning of the text? A. To explain a common problem. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To offer background information. D. To test our brains. 13. What does the underlined word “adopt” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Accept. B. Provide. C. Refuse. D. Control. 14. Why do children forget what happened before the age of two? A. Their memories are damaged. B. Brain cells grow very quickly. C. Childhood memories are not great. D. They suffer from childhood amnesia. 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. We can fully trust all our memories. B. We have long-term memories when we are two. C. As we grow older, our childhood memories become clearer. D. The childhood experiences told by others are not true sometimes. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了儿童早期记忆存在不真实性以及解释了原因。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“What’s the first thing you remember doing? (你记得做的第一件事是什么？)”和“Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid (生动的) memories? Did those special moments really happen, or did we make them up? (我们大多数人都有童年的早期记忆，但我们真的能相信这些生动的记忆吗？那些特别的时刻是真的发生了，还是我们编造出来的？)”可知，本文主要讨论了儿童早期记忆的真实性，所以这些问题是用来引出本文的主题。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“According to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have faked a memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. (根据研究，大约十分之四的人创造了我们的第一个童年记忆。我们可以通过视频或照片伪造记忆，而不是亲身经历.)”以及划线词后文“someone else’s memory as our own”可知，我们的大脑会通过接受别人的记忆来编造自己的童年记忆，故划线词意思是“接受”。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Our ability to keep memories before the age of two isn’t great. (我们保持两岁之前记忆的能力不是很好.)”和“This is possibly because of the rapid creation of brain cells (脑细胞) in our early years. (这可能是因为我们在幼年时期脑细胞的快速生成。)”可知，因为脑细胞生长得很快，所以孩子会忘记两岁之前发生的事情。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one or even before —just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives .(所以，下次有人说他们清楚地记得自己一岁甚至更大的时候，请记住，虽然这可能是真的，但有可能他们只是在生活中的某个时刻虚构出来的。)”可知，D选项“别人讲述的童年经历有时并不真实”正确。故选D项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You Are a Better Person Than You Think You Are Maybe you haven’t achieved goals in a self-planned time. ____16____. But this doesn’t mean you are a bad person or a failure. You could indeed be a wonderful person. You could actually be a much better person than you believe you are. So, let’s examine the idea that you might be better than you think. You show kindness Being polite and kind is the mark of a good person. When you do this, you are treating others like you would want to be treated. ____17____. Even the smallest things do not go unnoticed and tell others you have a good heart. You are a positive (积极的) person Keeping an optimistic (乐观的) attitude is also what a good person often does. It is easy to become down with all the bad things going on in the world, but there’s another way to look at these things. When you’re actually better than you think, you will have the habit of looking on the bright side of every situation and seeing the best in everyone. ____18____. ____19____. Being wise is not about being intelligent. It’s about learning from life experiences. Why does this make you a better person than you think? Wisdom can be passed to others to help them avoid the same mistakes you made. You are a good person if you’ve collected wisdom and love to share lessons with others. So, go easy on yourself. Appreciate (感恩) who you are. If there are things you need to change, that’s okay. ____20____. It’s about our attitude and our heart. If you took the time to read this, you are a better person than you think. A. We all have problems B. You give honest comments C. Respect others and their space D. It’s just all about showing optimism E. You are wise, and you share your wisdom F. Maybe you have made many mistakes as well G. This may include opening doors for others or picking up change for people in front of you at the checkout line 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。你其实可以成为一个比你认为的更好的人。文章介绍了一些让你比想象的要更好的想法。 【16题详解】 根据上文提示“Maybe you haven’t achieved goals in a self-planned time.(也许你没有在自己计划的时间内实现目标。)”以及下文“But this doesn’t mean you are a bad person or a failure.(但这并不意味着你是一个坏人或失败者。)可知，每个人都有不完美的一面，但这并不意味着你是一个坏人或失败者；F选项“Maybe you have made many mistakes as well(也许你也犯了很多错误)”承接上文，继续列举人们还可能存在的不足之处；下文承接F选项指出尽管有这些不足，但是这并不意味着你是一个坏人或失败者；由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据小标题“You show kindness(你表现出善意)”以及上文“Being polite and kind is the mark of a good person. When you do this, you are treating others like you would want to be treated.(礼貌和善良是一个好人的标志。当你这样做的时候，你是在以你希望被对待的方式对待别人。)”可知当你礼貌善意地对待别人，这就说明你是个好人；下文“Even the smallest things do not go unnoticed and tell others you have a good heart. (即使是最小的事情也不会被忽视，这是你有一颗善良的心的特征。)”指出甚至是最小的事情也能展示你善良。G选项“This may include opening doors for others or picking up change for people in front of you at the checkout line(这可能包括为别人开门，或者在结账时为排在你前面的人拿零钱)”列举了生活中你所做的一些表明你很善良的一些事情，选项中的“This”指代上文的内容；由此可知，G选项符合语境。故选G。 18题详解】 根据小标题“You are a positive (积极的) person(你是一个积极的人)”以及上文“When you’re actually better than you think, you will have the habit of looking on the bright side of every situation and seeing the best in everyone.(当你真的比自己想象的更好时，你就会养成习惯，看到每件事光明的一面，看到每个人最好的一面。)”可知，当你成为一个积极乐观的人，能够看到事物美好的一面的时候，你就很好；D选项“It’s just all about showing optimism(这一切都是乐观的表现)”中的“it”指代上文中的“have the habit of looking on the bright side of every situation and seeing the best in everyone”，指出当你能够看到事物美好的一面的时候，你是很乐观积极的；由此可知，D选项符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 文章结构分析可知设空处是小标题。由下文“Being wise is not about being intelligent. It’s about learning from life experiences. Why does this make you a better person than you think? Wisdom can be passed to others to help them avoid the same mistakes you made. You are a good person if you’ve collected wisdom and love to share lessons with others.(有智慧并不是聪明。它是关于从生活经历中学习。为什么这会让你成为一个比你认为的更好的人？智慧可以传递给他人，帮助他们避免你犯过的同样的错误。如果你收集智慧并喜欢与他人分享经验教训，你就是一个好人。)”可知，当你从生活经历中获得智慧，并把你学到的经验教训与别人分享时，你就是一个很好的人；由此可知，此段建议与别人分享自己的智慧；E选项“You are wise, and you share your wisdom.(你有智慧，你分享你的智慧)”符合本文主旨，适合作为小标题。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“So, go easy on yourself. Appreciate (感恩) who you are. If there are things you need to change, that’s okay. (所以，对自己宽容一点。感恩现在的自己。如果你有需要改变的地方，没关系。)”可知，要自己宽容一点，接受自己的不完美，有需要改变的地方也是没关系的；A选项“We all have problems(我们都有问题)”承接上文，指出我们都会有些问题，符合语境。故选A。 第三部分 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My classmate Pratik was always painting on paper in spare time. I really wanted to ____21____what he was doing, but he ____22____ kept it secret. One day, during a ____23____ only Pratik and I were in classroom. One of our classmates came to tell him that our teacher wanted to see him. He ____24____ the classroom and forgot to put his paper away. Out of curiosity I quickly came to his place and had a look. What I saw had ____25____ me. On the paper was painted a waterfall which looked so real that I thought the water was going to fall on me and make my clothes ____26____. As I was picking up the last paper, the bell rang. Pratik returned and I put them back quickly and went back to my ____27____. After school, I tried bravely to ____28____ to Pratik. I praised his paintings and he was ____29____. He said he wanted to become a famous painter and I shared my dream of becoming a(n) _____30_____. He wanted to paint the cover for my _____31_____ and I agreed. I always shared with him my _____32_____ and he always showed me his ideas. Many_____33_____ passed and Pratik has really become a _____34_____ artist but I’m still an unknown writer. I keep in touch with him all the time and I hope our _____35_____ will last forever. 21. A. report B. know C. show D. explain 22. A. only B. hardly C. still D. always 23. A. break B. game C. class D. play 24. A. passed B. entered C. checked D. left 25. A. frightened B. shocked C. encouraged D. concerned 26. A. dirty B. messy C. wet D. spotted 27. A. office B. room C. seat D. home 28. A. agree B. speak C. shout D. wave 29. A. pleased B. anxious C. nervous D. worried 30. A. artist B. lawyer C. teacher D. writer 31. A. magazines B. notes C. books D. papers 32. A. stories B. secrets C. discoveries D. suggestions 33. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years 34. A. common B. strange C. famous D. special 35. A. friendship B. experience C. guidance D. achievement 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与同学Pratik的故事。Pratik擅长绘画，而作者一直对他的作品感到好奇。一次偶然的机会，作者看到了Pratik画的瀑布，非常逼真，给作者留下了深刻的印象。之后，两人成为了互相支持的朋友，分享彼此的梦想和创作。Pratik希望成为一名画家，而作者梦想成为一名作家。多年后，Pratik成为了一名真正的艺术家，而作者仍然是个不出名的作家。尽管如此，他们之间的友谊依然坚固，作者希望这份友情能够永远持续下去。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真想知道他在做什么，但他总是保密。A. report报告；B. know知道；C. show展示；D. explain解释。根据下文“what he was doing”可知，作者想知道Pratik在做什么，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我真的想知道他在做什么，但他总是保密。A. only仅仅；B. hardly几乎不；C. still仍然；D. always总是。根据下文“kept it secret”可知，作者想知道Pratik在做什么，但Pratik总是对自己的事情保密，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，课间休息时只有Pratik和我两人在教室里。A. break休息；B. game游戏；C. class课；D. play玩耍。根据下文“only Pratik and I were in classroom”可推理出，当时是课间休息，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他离开了教室，忘记把他的画纸收起来。A. passed经过；B. entered进入；C. checked检查；D. left离开。根据“forgot to put his paper away”可知，Pratik离开了教室，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所看到的让我震惊。A. frightened使害怕；B. shocked使震惊；C. encouraged鼓励；D. concerned使担心，涉及。根据下文“On the paper was painted a waterfall which looked so real”可知，Pratik的画非常逼真，这让作者感到震惊，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：画上的瀑布看起来如此真实，以至于我以为水就要落到我身上，弄湿我的衣服。A. dirty脏的；B. messy凌乱的；C. wet湿的；D. spotted有斑点的。根据上文“the water was going to fall on me”可知，作者以为水会落到身上，弄湿衣服，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pratik回来了，我迅速把它们放回去，回到我的座位上。A. office办公室；B. room房间；C. seat座位；D. home家。根据上文“As I was picking up the last paper, the bell rang. Pratik returned and I put them back quickly”可知，上课铃响了，Pratik很快就会回来，所以作者把画放回去，然后回到自己的座位上，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我勇敢地尝试和Pratik说话。A. agree同意；B. speak说话；C. shout喊叫；D. wave挥手。根据“I praised his paintings”可知，作者尝试和Pratik说话，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我称赞了他的画，他很高兴。A. pleased高兴的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. nervous紧张的；D. worried担心的。根据“He said he wanted to become a famous painter”可知，Pratik听到作者的称赞后感到高兴，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他想成为一名著名的画家，我分享了我成为作家的梦想。A. artist艺术家；B. lawyer律师；C. teacher教师；D. writer作家。根据“I’m still an unknown writer”可知，作者的梦想是成为作家，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想为我的书绘制封面，我同意了。A. magazines杂志；B. notes笔记；C. books书；D. papers论文。根据下文“I’m still an unknown writer”可知，作者的梦想是成为作家，所以Pratik要为作者的书绘制封面，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是和他分享我的故事，他总是给我看他的想法。A. stories故事；B. secrets秘密；C. discoveries发现；D. suggestions建议。根据下文“I’m still an unknown writer”可知，作者的梦想是成为作家，他给Pratik分享自己的故事，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年过去了，Pratik真的成为了一位著名的艺术家，但我仍然是一个不知名的作家。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据下文“Pratik has really become a”可知， Pratik真的成为了著名画家，可推理出过去了很多年，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多年过去了，Pratik真的成为了一位著名的艺术家，但我仍然是一个不知名的作家。A. common普通的；B. strange奇怪的；C. famous著名的；D. special特别的。根据上文“he wanted to become a famous painter”可知，Pratik的梦想是成为著名的画家，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直和他保持联系，我希望我们的友谊能够永远持续下去。A. friendship友谊；B. experience经历；C. guidance指导；D. achievement成就。根据上文“I keep in touch with him all the time”可知，作者希望和Pratik的友谊能够持续下去，故选A。 第II 卷(非选择题,共 55 分) 第四部分：英语知识运用 第一节(共 10 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 20 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jeff is the president of a big company and lives a very wealthy life. What is his attitude____36____life? Maybe you can find the answer from his story. When Jeff was only 7 years old, one summer night, a terrible earthquake____37____(strike) his hometown. He became an orphan (孤儿) overnight. He had no choice but to be____38____beggar. It was a time____39____he lived a poor life. Sometimes he even couldn’t be treated____40____(equal).____41____there were some difficulties, he would never give up. As he grew older, he couldn’t stand begging for food and wanted to____42____(regard) as a common person. To satisfy____43____(he) demands, he acted immediately. He made great efforts to earn money by ____44____(deliver) goods. He also struggled_____45_____(study) knowledge by himself. Later, he went to university and Jeff succeeded in changing his fate. Jeff’s experiences make us understand that the only person we can depend on is ourselves. 【答案】36. to 37. struck 38. a 39. when 40. equally 41. Though 42. be regarded 43. his 44. delivering 45. to study 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了杰夫在童年遭遇地震成为孤儿后，如何通过自己的努力改变了自己的命运，并最终成为了一家大公司的总裁。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：杰夫对于生活的态度是什么？“attitude to...”是固定搭配，表示“对……的态度”，故填to。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：当杰夫只有7岁时，一个夏夜，一场可怕的地震袭击了他的家乡。根据“one summer night”可知，此处表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，strike的过去式是struck，故填 struck。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他别无选择，只能成为一个乞丐。beggar是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个乞丐”，使用不定冠词，且beggar是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：那是他过着贫穷生活的一段时期。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是a time，在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：有时他甚至不能被平等对待。treated是动词，要用副词equally修饰做状语，故填equally。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管有一些困难，但他从不放弃。根据“there were some difficulties(有一些困难)”和“he would never give up(他从不放弃)”可知，两者之间是转折关系，故填Though。 【42题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：随着年龄的增长，他无法忍受乞讨食物，想做一个普通人。want to do sth为固定短语，空白处为动词不定式作宾语，且与其逻辑主语he之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用动词不定式的被动式，故填be regarded。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：为了满足他的要求，他立即行动。demands是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填his。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他通过送货努力赚钱。by是介词，后接动名词，故填delivering。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他也努力自学知识。struggle to do sth为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，所以空白处应填动词不定式，故填to study。 第二节(共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 读下面单句，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. At the beginning, the written Chinese was________(base) on varieties of pictures.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】based 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：起初，书面汉语是以各种图片为基础的。be based on 是固定短语，意为“以……为基础”，此处使用的是一般过去时的被动语态，故填 based 。 47. Different means of transportation________(be) tried during the trip last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：去年的旅行中尝试了不同的交通方式。根据时间状语last year可知，此处表达的是过去发生的事情，因此需要用一般过去时态。主语Different means of transportation是复数形式，所以谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were。 48. The book gives a detailed________(describe) of the war. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】decription 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书对战争进行了详细的描述。空处作宾语，根据空白处前面的冠词a可知此处用名词的单数，故填description。 49. They have spent________(billion) of dollars on the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】billions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们在这个问题上已经花费了数十亿美元。billion 表示“数十亿”时要用复数形式 billions，且 billions of为固定短语，表示“数十亿”，故填 billions。 50. I really appreciate________(work) with someone who does such a good job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】working 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的很感激和一个工作做得这么好的人一起工作。根据短语appreciate doing sth.，表示“感激做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。故填working。 51. She________(sweep) the floor before the guests arrived. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】swept 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：在客人到来之前，她打扫了地板。根据before the guests arrived可知，“打扫”这一动作发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时。sweep 的过去式是 swept，故填 swept 。 52. Burning coal causes air pollution and increases ________ (globe) warming. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】global 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：燃烧煤炭会造成空气污染，加剧全球变暖。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词warming，globe的形容词为global“全球的”。故填global。 53. The snake usually reaches a ___________ (long) of 100cm.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】length 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种蛇通常能长到100厘米。根据“a...of”可知，空处应为名词单数，作宾语；length为名词，表示“长度、有……长度”，动词短语reach a length of...表示“长达、达到……的长度”，符合句意。故填length。 54. The scientist________(refer) to the problem at least three times in his last speech. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】referred 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：那位科学家在最后的演讲中至少三次提到这个问题。结合语境可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填referred。 55. The “new four great inventions” are all________(relate) to China’s high-tech innovation(创新). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】related 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：“新四大发明”都与中国的高科技创新有关。作表语，应用形容词related，故填related。 56. The Amazon rainforest is home to________(variety) of plant life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】varieties 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：亚马逊雨林是各种植物的家园。varieties of为固定短语，含义为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。 57. Xi’an is the capital of several________(dynasty) in the history of China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dynasties 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：西安是中国历史上几个朝代的首都。dynasty“朝代”是可数名词，根据上文several可知此处需要使用名词的复数形式，故填dynasties。 58. ________ (wave) hands is a polite way of greeting all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Waving 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：挥手是世界各地一种礼貌的打招呼方式。空白处在句中作主语，要用动名词形式，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Waving 。 59. Charles was the boy_________helped many people escape from danger. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】who 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：查尔斯是那个帮助许多人脱离危险的男孩。先行词是“the boy”，在从句中作主语，指人，关系词用who，故填who。 60. I’d like to live in a house __________ there is plenty of sunshine. (根据句式结构填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想住在阳光充足的房子里。此处为定语从句修饰先行词house，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。 第五部分：应用文写作(满分 20 分) 61. 假设你是李华，在本周你收到了好友Tom的来信，他在高中数学学习中遇到了困惑，在数学考试中分数不理想，现向你寻求帮助，请你给Tom写一封回信，内容包括： 1.表示对他问题的理解； 2.对于他的遇到的问题进行解答； 3.聊一聊你在上高中以来遇到的困惑。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m so sorry to hear that you are having trouble with your high school math and didn’t get a satisfactory score in the exam. I completely understand your confusion and frustration. For your math problems, I suggest you review the basic concepts and formulas regularly. Do more practice exercises to enhance your understanding and skills. Also, it’s very important to make mistakes notes and analyze them carefully to avoid making the same mistakes next time. As for me, since I entered high school, I have also faced some challenges. I found it difficult to balance the study of various subjects and often felt stressed. But I gradually learned to make a reasonable schedule and improved my time management skills. I believe you can overcome the difficulties in math. Keep going and don’t give up! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就好友Tom来信提到他在高中数学学习中遇到了困惑，在数学考试中分数不理想一事，根据提示给Tom写一封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困惑：confusion → bewilderment 增强：enhance → strengthen 面临：face → encounter 合理的：reasonable → rational 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I found it difficult to balance the study of various subjects and often felt stressed. 拓展句：I found that it was difficult to balance the study of various subjects and I often felt stressed. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For your math problems, I suggest you review the basic concepts and formulas regularly.（运用了动词suggest后接省略了引导词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】As for me, since I entered high school, I have also faced some challenges.（运用了since引导的时间状语从句） 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 BAACB 11-15CACAB 16-20 BAACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$