专题38 不定式用法讲练测通关 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案 （北师大版2019）

2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019） 第三章 核心语法 专题38 不定式用法讲练测通关 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) 原卷版 目录 一、高考真题—动词不定式6大考点30例真题分类通关 1 二、备考策略—动词不定式6大考向+思维导图+考点表解 3 三、名校模拟—动词不定式最新高频易错单句填空30例 5 四、原创语填—外国武术爱好者推广中国武术 6 一、五年高考真题分类通关 真题调研一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语 1.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 2.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 4.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 6.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 7.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 8.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 10.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 11.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 真题调研二：考查动词不定式短语作定语 12.（2024北京卷）Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. 13.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 14.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 15.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 16.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change)lives. 17. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 真题调研三：考查动词不定式短语作主语 18.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 19.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 真题调研四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语 20.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 21.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 22.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 23.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 24.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 25.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 真题调研五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语 26.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___63___ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 27.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 28.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 真题调研六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 29.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 30.（2019全国I卷）Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 二、考点支架式备考策略 一、不定式高考考向归纳 动向一、不定式作状语用法 动向二、不定式作主语用法 动向三、不定式作宾语用法 动向四、不定式作定语用法 动向五、不定式作宾语补足语用法 动向六、不定式主动表被动用法 二、不定式考点思维导图 三、不定式作主语 不定式表示具体一次动作，是特指；动名词表抽象概念，是泛指。 It's not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary. 学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。 It's important for the figures to be updated regularly. 对数字进行定期更新很重要。 四、不定式作宾语 1.只接to do作宾语的动词:manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine等 The small boy intended to own a computer of his own. 这个小男孩想拥有一台属于自己的电脑。 2.接to do/doing意义不同的动词： forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做） remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做） remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做） regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做） regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做） go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了） go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变） stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了） stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变） can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 mean to do 打算做某事（未做） mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用） try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功） try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动） I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的事物。 五、不定式作定语 不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。 I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 我借了一些假期读的书。 His first book to be published next month is based on a true story. 他下个月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。 Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你有用英语读和写的能力吗？ 六、不定式作状语 1.不定式作目的状语，多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do等形式。注意①其逻辑主语和句子主语一致性②位于句首时后边有无逗号均可，但位于句末时前边不能有逗号。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。 2. 不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to..., enough to do..., only to do..., so…as to do, such as to do句型。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 七、不定式作宾语补足语 1.ask, want, invite, get, force, expect, allow, persuade, order, warn, remind, prefer, cause, permit, forbid, advise, teach等动词常用于“动词+sb to do sth”句型。 My mother allowed me to watch TV after finishing my homework in the evening. 我妈妈允许我晚上做完作业后看电视。 2. with复合结构作状语，是用现在分词、过去分词还是动词不定式作宾语补足语，关键是看宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系。 With a lot of problems to solve, the newly elected president will have a hard time. 有许多问题要解决，这个新选出的总统将有一段艰难的时期。 三、动词不定式易错题强化训练30题 1. The two travelers carefully plan their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult __________ (please). 2. This is the golden opportunity __________ (explore) the custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival. 3. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one __________ (blame). 4. She found it difficult __________ (settle) and calm down in the deep valley, because she was concerned about whether she would be discovered. 5. He said it was impossible for there __________ (be) a mistake in a computer’s calculation, so you can rely on that. 6. Sometimes we need to be reminded __________ (slow) down or stop and appreciate the things around us. 7. With a great many articles __________ (write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning. 8. They’re finding it difficult __________ (maintain) such high interest rates. 9. Students are always struggling __________ (balance) between study and after-school activities. 10. The researchers set out __________ (examine) the connection between social media use and sleep among young adults. 11. I’m afraid I have no alternative but__________ (report) you to the police. 12. They don’t allow __________ loud here. That is to say, we are not allowed __________ loud here. (speak) 13. No matter where he is, he makes it a rule __________ (go) for a walk before breakfast. 14. In order not __________ (disturb), he locked himself in the study. 15. __________ (rescue) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. 16. The manager is believed __________ (arrive) back from Paris where he met some European business partners. 17. Mr Li is said __________ (study) abroad. But I don’t know which country he is studying in. 18. We regret__________ (say) that we can’t go to your birthday party. 19. The movie you mentioned is worthy __________ (see) again. 20. I can’t make up my mind whether __________ (go) or not. 21. The boy rushed to the school, only __________ (find) that the class had been dismissed. 22. The athlete is said__________ (commit) a great deal of time and effort to training, which has resulted in her excellent performance in the competition. 23. It occurred to me __________ (attend) an important meeting when I was about to go home. 24. They are increasing their efforts __________ (educate) teenagers about the side effects of losing weight quickly. 25. Parents are more willing __________ (acknowledge) their children as adults when they behave like adults. 26. I ran to the school, only __________ (inform) that I wasn’t admitted. 27. Don’t try to hide anything from your mother. She appears __________ (tell) everything. 28. The rule says that the last one __________ (leave) the office should remember __________ (close) the windows. 29. Lily pretended __________ (sleep) when her mother came in. 30. As we all know, Mo Yan is the first writer __________ (win) the Nobel Prize in Literature in China. 四、原创语法填空语篇训练 Foreigners help keep Kung Fu alive and kicking Paul Brennan, aged in his 60s, is 1 Australian who came to Hong Kong to follow his martial arts dreams. He is dedicated to a niche martial art from southern China called Chow Gar Tong Long. Brennan's Tong Long journey began in the 1970s when he enrolled in a martial arts class, after 2 (previous) studying South Korean Taekwondo and Japanese judo. He said 3 the two other martial arts, Tong Long gave him a profound sense of inner calm. "The feeling was amazing," Brennan said. At that time, Brennan was living in Mt Isa, an Australian mining town. He worked several jobs for three years until late 1991, 4 he had saved enough money to move to Hong Kong. After two months of visiting martial arts schools and making inquiries, Brennan finally discovered Master Ip's whereabouts. Master Ip, who couldn't speak English, relied on his family 5 (communicate) with Brennan. After listening to the Australian's story, the master told him that he was no longer taking new students. Brennan showed the master a sleeping bag he carried at all times and 6 (declare): "If you don't accept me, I will sleep on your doorstep. Every morning when you step outside, I will be there, saying 'good morning' until you accept me." Master Ip chuckled and replied, "all right, you can come." Brennan swiftly became aware of the 7 (exception) precision inherent in the techniques shared by the master. However, the language barrier between the two must 8 (overcome). "Taking classes was like a chicken 9 (talk) to a duck," Brennan said. Learning martial arts can be painful. But enduring such challenges can cultivate calmness, understanding, and empathy, and foster a 10 (balance) character. "Chinese martial arts make people better," Brennan said, vowing to continue promoting the Chinese tradition. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019） 第三章 核心语法 专题38 不定式用法讲练测通关 (五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) 解析版 目录 一、高考真题—动词不定式6大考点30例真题分类通关 1 二、备考策略—动词不定式6大考向+思维导图+考点表解 5 三、名校模拟—动词不定式最新高频易错单句填空30例 8 四、原创语填—外国武术爱好者推广中国武术 11 一、五年高考真题分类通关 真题调研一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语 1.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 答案：to give 考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 2.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 答案: to stay 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。be here to stay是一个固定短语，表示“固定下来; 普遍认可; 成为风尚”。故填to stay。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 答案: to benefit 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 4.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 答案：to teach 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 答案: to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 6.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 答案: to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 7.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 答案: To strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 8.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 答案: to educate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，__________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 答案: to plant 【解析】考查非谓语动词。考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝•托德•华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 10.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 11.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。 真题调研二：考查动词不定式短语作定语 12.（2024北京卷）Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. 答案: to rest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 13.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 答案: to journey 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 14.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 答案: to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 15.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 答案: to invest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。 16.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change)lives. 答案: to change 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语。故填to change。 17. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 答案: to retire 【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 真题调研三：考查动词不定式短语作主语 18.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 答案: to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 19.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 答案: to break 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。 真题调研四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语 20.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 答案: to catch 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 21.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案: to bite 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 22.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 答案：to be lifted 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 23.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 答案: how 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 24.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 答案: to continue 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 25.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 答案: to have 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 真题调研五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语 26.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___63___ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 27.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 答案: to do 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 28.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 答案: to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 真题调研六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 29.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 答案: to care 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。 30.（2019全国I卷）Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 答案：to perform 解析：考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。 二、考点支架式备考策略 一、不定式高考考向归纳 动向一、不定式作状语用法 动向二、不定式作主语用法 动向三、不定式作宾语用法 动向四、不定式作定语用法 动向五、不定式作宾语补足语用法 动向六、不定式主动表被动用法 二、不定式考点思维导图 三、不定式作主语 不定式表示具体一次动作，是特指；动名词表抽象概念，是泛指。 It's not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary. 学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。 It's important for the figures to be updated regularly. 对数字进行定期更新很重要。 四、不定式作宾语 1.只接to do作宾语的动词:manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine等 The small boy intended to own a computer of his own. 这个小男孩想拥有一台属于自己的电脑。 2.接to do/doing意义不同的动词： forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做） remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做） remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做） regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做） regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做） go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了） go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变） stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了） stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变） can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 mean to do 打算做某事（未做） mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用） try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功） try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动） I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的事物。 五、不定式作定语 不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。 I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 我借了一些假期读的书。 His first book to be published next month is based on a true story. 他下个月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。 Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你有用英语读和写的能力吗？ 六、不定式作状语 1.不定式作目的状语，多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do等形式。注意①其逻辑主语和句子主语一致性②位于句首时后边有无逗号均可，但位于句末时前边不能有逗号。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。 2. 不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to..., enough to do..., only to do..., so…as to do, such as to do句型。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 七、不定式作宾语补足语 1.ask, want, invite, get, force, expect, allow, persuade, order, warn, remind, prefer, cause, permit, forbid, advise, teach等动词常用于“动词+sb to do sth”句型。 My mother allowed me to watch TV after finishing my homework in the evening. 我妈妈允许我晚上做完作业后看电视。 2. with复合结构作状语，是用现在分词、过去分词还是动词不定式作宾语补足语，关键是看宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系。 With a lot of problems to solve, the newly elected president will have a hard time. 有许多问题要解决，这个新选出的总统将有一段艰难的时期。 三、动词不定式易错题强化训练30题 1. The two travelers carefully plan their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult __________ (please). 【答案】to please 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这两个旅行者仔细地计划着他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。“sb./sth. be difficult to do”是固定用法，意为“某人/某物很难做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to please，是不定式的主动表被动，故填to please。 2. This is the golden opportunity __________ (explore) the custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival. 【答案】to explore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是探索元宵节习俗进而庆祝它的黄金机会。opportunity后面通常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to explore。 3. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one __________ (blame). 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查不定式。句意：格林先生站出来为那个16岁的男孩辩护，说他不应该受到责备。空处应填不定式形式，sb be to blame表示“某人应该受到责备”，不定式主动形式表示被动意义，作表语。故填to blame。 4. She found it difficult __________ (settle) and calm down in the deep valley, because she was concerned about whether she would be discovered. 【答案】to settle 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她发现在深谷中很难安顿下来并平静下来，因为她担心自己是否会被发现。空处的it为形式宾语，构成“find it+adj.+to do sth.”的结构，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故填to settle。 5. He said it was impossible for there __________ (be) a mistake in a computer’s calculation, so you can rely on that. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：他说电脑计算不可能存在错误，因此你可以相信这一点。句型“It is+ adj.+ for +there+ to be”，不定式作真正主语，故填to be。 6. Sometimes we need to be reminded __________ (slow) down or stop and appreciate the things around us. 【答案】to slow 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我们需要被提醒慢下来或停下来，欣赏我们周围的事物。此处用了动词短语remind sb. to do sth.的被动形式be reminded to do sth.，意为“被提醒做某事”，空处应用slow的不定式形式，作补足语。故填to slow。 7. With a great many articles __________ (write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning. 【答案】to write 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多文章要写，他今天上午没有时间去购物。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，表示将要完成的动作，需用动词不定式。故填to write。 8. They’re finding it difficult __________ (maintain) such high interest rates. 【答案】to maintain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现维持这么高的利率很困难。“find it+adj.+to do”为固定结构，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故填to maintain。 9. Students are always struggling __________ (balance) between study and after-school activities. 【答案】to balance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们总是努力在学习和课外活动之间取得平衡。struggle to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to balance。 10. The researchers set out __________ (examine) the connection between social media use and sleep among young adults. 【答案】to examine 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：研究人员着手调查年轻人使用社交媒体和睡眠之间的联系。固定短语“set out to do”意为“开始做某事”，故填to examine。 11. I’m afraid I have no alternative but__________ (report) you to the police. 【答案】to report 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：恐怕我别无选择，只能向警方举报你。have no alternative but to do...为固定搭配，意为“别无选择，只能……”。故填to report。 12. They don’t allow __________ loud here. That is to say, we are not allowed __________ loud here. (speak) 【答案】speaking, to speak 【详解】考查动名词和动词不定式。句意：他们不允许在这里大声说话。也就是说，我们不允许在这里大声说话。第一空为非谓语动词作allow的宾语，根据allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”可知，此处为动名词形式作宾语，所以使用speaking；第二空为非谓语动词补语，根据sb be allowed to do sth.可知，此处为动词不定式形式作主语补足语，所以第二空为to speak。故填①speaking②to speak。 13. No matter where he is, he makes it a rule __________ (go) for a walk before breakfast. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：无论他在哪里，他总是在早餐前散步。该句为“it作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正宾语”结构，所以此处应为动词不定式形式。故填to go。 14. In order not __________ (disturb), he locked himself in the study. 【答案】to be disturbed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了不受打扰，他把自己锁在书房里。in order to do是固定搭配，动词disturb和句子主语he之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态to be disturbed。故填to be disturbed。 15. __________ (rescue) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. 【答案】To rescue 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了营救洪灾的受害者，该地区的州长李兵和他的儿子决定找到一个解决方案。此处表示目的，用不定式形式。首字母大写。故填To rescue。 16. The manager is believed __________ (arrive) back from Paris where he met some European business partners. 【答案】to have arrived 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据信，这名经理刚从巴黎回来，在那里他会见了一些欧洲商业伙伴。sb. be believed to do sth.表示“据信，某人做某事”，所以需要用动词不定式；本句中“arrive”发生在“believe”之前；表示他已经到达了，所以用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have arrived。 17. Mr Li is said __________ (study) abroad. But I don’t know which country he is studying in. 【答案】to be studying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说李先生正在国学学习。但是我不知道他在哪个国家。句子考查sb be said to do“据说某人做某事”句型；结合后文he is studying in暗示该动作正在进行，故应用不定式的进行式作主语补足语。故填to be studying。 18. We regret__________ (say) that we can’t go to your birthday party. 【答案】to say 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：很遗憾，我们不能参加你的生日聚会了。regret to do意为“很遗憾要做某事”，regret doing意为“后悔做了某事”。根据“that we can’t go to your birthday party”可知，此处是指很遗憾要说，应用to do不定式作宾语。故填to say。 19. The movie you mentioned is worthy __________ (see) again. 【答案】to be seen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你提到的那部电影值得再看一遍。be worthy to do...是固定搭配，不定式作主语补足语，意为“值得做某事”，且动词see(看见)与其逻辑主语The movie之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动式to be seen。故填to be seen。 20. I can’t make up my mind whether __________ (go) or not. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我拿不定主意去还是不去。“特殊疑问词+不定式”相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语，故whether后用go“去”的不定式。故填to go。 21. The boy rushed to the school, only __________ (find) that the class had been dismissed. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩冲到学校，却发现已经下课了。结合句意及only可知，此处是“only+动词不定式”作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，故填to find。 22. The athlete is said__________ (commit) a great deal of time and effort to training, which has resulted in her excellent performance in the competition. 【答案】to have committed 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据说这位运动员投入了大量的时间和精力进行训练，这使她在比赛中取得了优异的成绩。此处为固定句型“sb. be said to do sth.”意为“据说某人做某事”，结合句意和下文中的“which has resulted in her excellent performance”可知，导致他取得优异成绩是他“已经投入大量时间和精力”，也就是commit发生在be said之前，所以使用不定式的完成式作主补。故填to have committed。 23. It occurred to me __________ (attend) an important meeting when I was about to go home. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我正要回家时突然想起要参加一个重要的会议。句型It occured to sb. to do sth.“突然想到做某事”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语，故填to attend。 24. They are increasing their efforts __________ (educate) teenagers about the side effects of losing weight quickly. 【答案】to educate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在加大力度教育青少年了解快速减肥的副作用。effort to do sth.固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，不定式作定语，修饰effort。故填to educate。 25. Parents are more willing __________ (acknowledge) their children as adults when they behave like adults. 【答案】to acknowledge 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当他们的孩子表现得像成年人时，父母更愿意承认他们是成年人。be willing to do sth.愿意做某事，此处表示“愿意承认”。故填to acknowledge。 26. I ran to the school, only __________ (inform) that I wasn’t admitted. 【答案】to be informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我跑到学校，却被告知我没有被录取。根据句子已有谓语动词ran可知，空处应用非谓语动词，根据空前“I ran to the school, only”和空后“I wasn’t admitted”可知，应用only to do表示意料之外的结果，动词inform“告知”与逻辑主语I之间为被动关系，空处应用不定式的被动结构to be informed。故填to be informed。 27. Don’t try to hide anything from your mother. She appears __________ (tell) everything. 【答案】to have been told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要试图对你妈妈隐瞒任何事情。她似乎什么都知道了。此处为短语appear to do sth.，且tell先于谓语动词发生，与she构成被动关系，故用to have been done形式。故填to have been told。 28. The rule says that the last one __________ (leave) the office should remember __________ (close) the windows. 【答案】to leave, to close 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：规定要求最后一个离开办公室的人应该记得关窗户。当名词或代词被序数词修饰时，其后用不定式作后置定语，第一空代词one被the first修饰，且代词one与leave之间都是主动关系，故用不定式的一般形式，故第一空应该填to leave；第二空同样是一个动词不定式短语，作为remember的宾语，构成remember to do something的结构，意思是“记得去做某事”，所以，to close the windows就是“记得去关窗户”的意思。故填①to leave②to close。 29. Lily pretended __________ (sleep) when her mother came in. 【答案】to be sleeping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：莉莉妈妈进来时，她假装在睡觉。此处为短语pretend to do sth,，且表示动作正在进行，应用to be doing。故填to be sleeping。 30. As we all know, Mo Yan is the first writer __________ (win) the Nobel Prize in Literature in China. 【答案】to win 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。因空白处前面的名词被序数词修饰，此处使用不定式作后置定语修饰名词writer，故填to win。 四、原创语法填空语篇训练 Foreigners help keep Kung Fu alive and kicking Paul Brennan, aged in his 60s, is 1 Australian who came to Hong Kong to follow his martial arts dreams. He is dedicated to a niche martial art from southern China called Chow Gar Tong Long. Brennan's Tong Long journey began in the 1970s when he enrolled in a martial arts class, after 2 (previous) studying South Korean Taekwondo and Japanese judo. He said 3 the two other martial arts, Tong Long gave him a profound sense of inner calm. "The feeling was amazing," Brennan said. At that time, Brennan was living in Mt Isa, an Australian mining town. He worked several jobs for three years until late 1991, 4 he had saved enough money to move to Hong Kong. After two months of visiting martial arts schools and making inquiries, Brennan finally discovered Master Ip's whereabouts. Master Ip, who couldn't speak English, relied on his family 5 (communicate) with Brennan. After listening to the Australian's story, the master told him that he was no longer taking new students. Brennan showed the master a sleeping bag he carried at all times and 6 (declare): "If you don't accept me, I will sleep on your doorstep. Every morning when you step outside, I will be there, saying 'good morning' until you accept me." Master Ip chuckled and replied, "all right, you can come." Brennan swiftly became aware of the 7 (exception) precision inherent in the techniques shared by the master. However, the language barrier between the two must 8 (overcome). "Taking classes was like a chicken 9 (talk) to a duck," Brennan said. Learning martial arts can be painful. But enduring such challenges can cultivate calmness, understanding, and empathy, and foster a 10 (balance) character. "Chinese martial arts make people better," Brennan said, vowing to continue promoting the Chinese tradition. 【参考答案】 1. an 2. previously 3. unlike 4. when 5. to communicate 6. declared 7. exceptional 8. be overcome 9. talking 10. balanced 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$