2024年中考英语复习语法专题：八大时态

语法专题：时态 一、一般现在时 用法 例句 表示习惯性、经常性的动作或存在的状态，常与always, often,sometimes, every day等频率副词或时间状语连用 ①I often go to school at seven.我经常在七点钟去上学。 ② We visit Uncle Liu every month.我们每月都去看望刘叔叔。 表示客观事实、普遍真理或格言、谚语等 The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.不到长城非好汉。 在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作 If it doesn’t 't rain tomorrow, I will leave.如果明天不下雨我将离开。 go,come.leave,arrive等瞬间动词常用一般现在时表示计划、安排好的将要发生的动作 The train for Beijing leaves at 5:30.开往北京的火车5:30离开。 （ ）①Most of the sandstorms in our country in spring from March to May. A.happen B.happens C.is happening D.was happening （ ）②The sense of happiness will increase if you what you like to do. A.do B.did C.will do D.have done （ ）③-What do you often do at weekends?－I often my grandparents. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit 二、一般过去时 1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与 yesterday,last year,in+过去年份，a few monthsago等表示过去的时间状语连用。例句： I met him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到他了。 2.表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。通常与often,usually,seldom等表示频率的副词连用，但这种用法是以一个过去时间为前提的。例句： He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。 （ ）① A fire at Xinghua Coach Station last week. The local people wondered what caused the terrible accident. A.happen B.happens C.happened D.has happened （ ）②President Xi the parade in Qingdao to celebrate the 70th birthday of the Chinese PLA Navy several months ago. A.review B.reviewed C.am reviewing D.was reviewing （ ）③-I to the cinema yesterday.－It 's a pity. You didn’t 't invite me. A.go B.went C.have gone D.had gone （ ）④- you to Nanhu Park a week ago?－Yes. We had a good time there. B.Did;go A.Do;go C.Did;went D.Have;gone 三、现在进行时 用法 例句 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在发生的动作，常见的时间状语有 now,at the moment 等。如果句首有提示性动词look, listen等，主句也用现在进行时 1 They are watching TV now.他们现在正在看电视。 2 Listen! The bird is singing in the tree.听！鸟儿正在树上唱歌。 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段一直进行的动作 She is working in a factory.她正在一家工厂工作。 表示位置移动的动词，如come,go,leave,arrive等常用现在进行时表示最近即将发生的动作 1 I 'm coming. 我这就来。 ②We are leaving tomorrow. 我们将明天离开。 现在进行时与 always,all the time等副词或短语连用常表示某种强烈的感情 Alice is always thinking of others.艾丽斯总是想着别人。 （ ）① The population of the world still now. A.will; grow B.has;grown C.is; growing D.is;grown （ ）②-Cathy, can you answer the door? I am cleaning the room.－I ，mum. A.come B.came C.have come D.am coming （ ）③We 're proud that China stronger and stronger these years. A.will become B.became C.is becoming D.was becoming （ ）④Now Jerry the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room. A.discussed B.is discussing C.was discussing D.has discussed 四、过去进行时 构成 肯定句：S+was(were)+v.-ing+其他 否定句：S+was(were)+not+v.-ing+其他 一般疑问句：Was(Were)+S+v.-ing+其他 用法 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行或发生的动作。（动作发生的特定时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明） 常用时间状语 at 9:00 a. m. yesterday; at this time last night; from seven to nine; when,while 引导的时间状语从句 【温馨提示】 （1)在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时。 例如：My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park. 在公园散步的时候，我的钢笔掉到地上了。 （2)表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，不考虑动作的先后顺序，主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while.例如： The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework. 学生们在看书，而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。 （ ）① Linda was busy when I went to see her yesterday.She for an exam. A.will study B.was studying C.has studied D.is studying （ ）②While I TV,the bell rang. A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.was watching （ ）③The robot_my mother sweep the floor when she got home. A.was helping B.is helping C.will help D.helps （ ）④Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he around the world. A.was traveling B.is traveling C.traveled D.travels 五、一般将来时 1.一般将来时的构成。 1)will+动词原形（主语是第一人称时也可用shall+动词原形） 2)be(am,is,are)going to+动词原形 2.一般将来时的用法。 （1)表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与 tomorrow,soon,later,next time,in+一段时间等连用。例如： I 'll start tomorrow.我明天动身。 （2)“be going to+动词原形”用于表示主观上打算将来要做某事，这种打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要发生或肯定要发生的事情。例如： She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress. 她买了一些布，准备为自己做一件连衣裙。 【温馨提示】一般将来时的其他表达方式 “be+doing”表示按计划安排好的事情，常与少量表示位置移动的动词，如 go, come,start,move,leave 等连用 I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天我就要动身去北京了。 在表示车、船、飞机等的进出时间时，可以用一般现在时表示将来 My plane takes off at 6:30 am. 我乘坐的飞机将在早上6:30起飞。 （ ）①-Mom,when can I go out to play football?－Finish your homework first, or I let you go out. A.don 't B.didn 't C.won 't D.haven 't （ ）②-Have you watched the movie Avengers:Endgame(《复仇者联盟·终局之战》）？ －Not yet.I it with my friends tomorrow. A.watch B.have watched C.will watch D.am watching （ ）③I the shops.Can I get you anything? A.go to B.went to C.have gone to D.am going to 六、现在完成时 1.表示说话之前已经完成了的动作，而且这个动作对现在仍有影响，常与 already,yet,in the past few years等时间状语连用。例句： I have seen the film already.我已经看过这部电影了。（已知电影内容） 2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与by now, so far, since/for等时间状语连用。例句：I have studied in the school since 2009.自从2009年我就在这所学校学习。 3.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别。 区别 例句 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去发生的事情，强调过去，与具体的表示过去的时间连用 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago.两年前汤姆住在北京。（不知道现在是否还住在北京） 现在完成时的动作虽然是发生在过去，但是对现在有影响 Tom has lived in Beijing for two years. 汤姆住在北京两年了。（现在汤姆还在北京） （ ）①My grandmother a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. A.sees B.can see C.will see D.has seen （ ）②-China develops so fast.－Tha 's true.It a lot already. A.changes B.changed C.will change D.has changed （ ）③Everyone in my class except Liu Fei and Lin Yang to Sanya more than once. We all like the beautiful beaches there. A.have been B.have gone C.has been D.has gone （ ）④ －What do you think of your junior school life? －It some sweet memories in my heart in the past three years. A.leave B.left C.has left D.will leave （ ）⑤Monica, you the exam!Congratulations! A.pass B.have passed C.will pass D.are passing （ ）⑥-What an exciting parade(阅兵式）！－Yes,isn 't it? I such a great one before! A.never saw B.had never seen C.never see D.have never seen 七、过去完成时 1.过去完成时的构成：主语＋had+过去分词。 2.过去完成时的用法： （1)表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作（即“过去的过去”）。因此使用过去完成时必须以过去某一时间作为前提，通常用by,before短语或when,before,after,until等引导的从句来表示。例如： After the sun had set,we decided to return home.太阳落山以后，我们决定回家。 （2)用于宾语从句，从句表示在主句之前发生的动作。例句 She wondered who had left the door open.她想知道是谁让门开着的。 （3)现在完成时与过去完成时的区别。 现在完成时与过去完成时的用法相同，只是作为衡量标准的时间不同；现在完成时是以现在这个时刻作为衡量标准，而过去完成时是以过去某个时间作为衡量标准。例句： He has travelled to most of the cities in China in the past five years. 五年来他已经游遍了中国的大多数城市。 When we got there, the football match had already started. 当我们赶到那里时，足球比赛已经开始了。 （ ）①-Why was he late for school yesterday? －He overslept.By the time he got to the bus stop,the bus already . A.was;leaving B.has;left C.would;leave D.had;left （ ）②The meeting by the time I got there yesterday. A.was on B.has been on C.had begun D.has begun （ ）③By the end of last month,I all the CDs of Justin Bieber. A.collect B.collected C.have collected D.had collected 八、过去将来时 1.过去将来时的构成。 1)would+动词原形。2)should+动词原形。3)was/were+going to+动词原形。 2.过去将来时的用法。 用法 例句 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态；这种时态常用于宾语从句或间接引语中；常用的时间状语有 two days later, the next week, the following day等 1 Tom said he would come. 汤姆说他要来的。②Linda said she was going to see her aunt.琳达说她打算去看她的姑妈。③Mr Green told us we were going to have a party at the weekend.格林先生告诉我们周末我们要办一个聚会。 【温馨提示】在由if引导的条件状语从句中，主句是过去将来时，if从句只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：They said that they would go fishing if it didn't rain the next day.他们说如果第二天不下雨，他们就去钓鱼。 （ ）－What did Yang Ying say?－She said they a school trip the next weekend. A.will have B.had C.would have D.have （ ）1. －I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? －Oh,I my pet dog in my yard. A.walked B.was walking C.am walking D.will walk （ ）2. －I 'm sorry I my exercise book at home this morning. －It doesn’t 't matter. Don 't forget it here this afternoon. A. left; to take B.forgot;bringing C.left; to bring D.forgot;to bring （ ）3. －Look at the sign! It says＂No Smoking.－Oh,sorry.I it. A.don 't see B.haven 't seen C.wasn 't seen D.didn 't see （ ）4. －This is a really old bike.－Yes, I it for seven years. A.have had B.have bought C.bought D.buy （ ）5. Melting ice(融冰）can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993,sea levels at a speed of 32 cm every 10 years. A.rose B.have risen C.rise D.rises （ ）6. They about a comedy this time yesterday. A.were talking B.are talking C.have talked D.will talk （ ）7.The TV news reports that there a storm the day after tomorrow. A.is B.was C.will be D.has be （ ）8. There six countries in SCO(上合组织）at first, but now the number has increased to eight. A.is B.are C.were D.will be （ ）9. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks in our families in the future. A.appear B.appeared C.will appear D.is appearing （ ）10. A little effort every day, you a big difference. A.makes B.made C.have made D.will make （ ）11. －Look at my new smart phone. －Wow,it 's so cool. When and where you it? A.do;buy B.have;bought C.did;buy D.have;had 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$