专题16 动词辨析(天津高考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(天津专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(天津专用) 第一期 专题16 动词辨析(天津高考真题+名校模拟) 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings. A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 3．（2021·天津·高考真题）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years. A．stayed B．turned C．grown D．got 4．（2021·天津·高考真题）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit 5．（2020·天津·高考真题）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined 6．（2018·天津·高考真题）【2018·天津】It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer. A．display B．acquire C．teach D．test 7．（2018·天津·高考真题）It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map before you set out. A．study B．display C．deliver D．publish 8．（2016·天津·高考真题）I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle. A．put B．make C．take D．give 9．（2015·天津·高考真题）See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. A．have B．make C．display D．bring 10．（2015·天津·高考真题）If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once. A．convince B．consult C．avoid D．affect 11．（2014·天津·高考真题）My parents always _______ great importance to my getting a good education. A．have B．attach C．accept D．pay 12．（2012·天津·高考真题）Parents and children should communicate more to ________the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. A．open B．narrow C．widen D．leave 13．（2010·天津·高考真题）He telephoned the travel agency to_______three air tickets to London. A．order B．arrange C．take D．book 14．（2009·天津·高考真题）Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. A．recover B．review C．require D．remember 15．（2008·天津·高考真题）Her shoes ________ her dress; they look very well together. A．suit B．fit C．compare D．match 16．（2013·天津·高考真题）If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to _______ a hand. A．lend B．shake C．wave D．want 17．（2007·天津·高考真题）Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A．acquired B．finished C．concluded D．achieved 18．（2011·天津·高考真题）I a bank account after I made﹩1 000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. A．borrowed B．opened C．entered D．ordered 19．（2024·天津河北·二模）The first section of Zhang Zeduan’s Qingming Scroll presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, ______ crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work. A．featuring B．replacing C．employing D．studying 20．（2024·天津·二模）I used hand signals to __________ messages to my teammate during the thrilling soccer match, ensuring effective communication on the field. A．classify B．compromise C．convey D．calculate 21．（2024·天津·一模）— Although we live in a peaceful country, there are still many areas of the world at war. —I think we should ______ solving international dispute by negotiation instead of appealing to arms. A．admit B．approach C．assess D．advocate 22．（2024·天津南开·二模）The negotiations have been _________ in a positive manner. A．digested B．blocked C．conducted D．narrowed 23．（2024·天津·二模）GMRI, the Global Market Research Institution, tries to ______ students with companies that will hire them, so you can search for relevant information on the platform. A．share B．spare C．inform D．match 24．（2024·天津和平·二模）Her parents bought her a new computer, which immediately _______ her mood and brought a smile to her face. A．lifted B．suited C．reflected D．controlled 25．（2021·天津北辰·三模）He has made great contributions to his company since he entered the company. That’s why he got ______ last month. A．blamed B．reflected C．inspected D．promoted 26．（2024·天津河北·二模）I’ve adjusted the controls several times, but the heater ______ reach the set temperature. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 27．（2024·天津河西·二模）Most students attend a university mainly to ______ the knowledge needed for their chosen profession. A．acquire B．desire C．inquire D．require 28．（2024·天津河东·二模）The police woman ________ that I hadn’t fastened my seat belt and signaled me to stop. A．spotted B．explored C．instructed D．described 29．（2024·天津·二模）Due to Huawei’s latest product Mate X5 which was ______ in September 2023, Huawei took a leading role on China Market Foldable Smartphone Brand Sales Ranking. A．launched B．landed C．installed D．informed 30．（2024·天津·二模）As a physician during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo is often________ with being the first in China to use anesthesia (麻醉)during surgcry. A．presented B．referred C．credited D．promoted 31．（2024·天津·二模）While choosing your major, you need to _______ your strengths and follow your heart. A．identify B．expand C．advocate D．suit 32．（2024·天津南开·模拟预测）We had to ______ on the location for our vacation to end the discussion and make everyone happy. A．memorize B．compromise C．suspect D．destroy 33．（2024·天津河西·三模）Keeping a healthy diet and taking regular exercise are effective ways to ______ you when you are working on a tight schedule. A．relieve B．rebuild C．refresh D．reform 34．（2024·天津·模拟预测）There is only one way to happiness and that is to ______ worrying about things which are beyond the power of our will. A．cease B．recall C．acknowledge D．guarantee 35．（2024·天津和平·三模）In Japan, someone who witnesses another person ______ the OK gesture might think it means money, while in France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. A．ignoring B．employing C．analyzing D．permitting 36．（2024·天津南开·模拟预测）Kate received a sugar painting featuring the “loong” character and it was so beautiful that she ______ bear to eat it. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 37．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）We should try to ______ some quality time out of the tight schedule to accompany our families. A．figure B．approve C．confirm D．spare 38．（2024·天津北辰·三模）By working in a famous school, Lily not only ______ much valuable experience but also had a clearer understanding of her career ahead. A．guaranteed B．accumulated C．exchanged D．scheduled 39．（2022·天津·三模）While posing no significant security threat, the event did ________ some popular concern. A．suspect B．generate C．disturb D．refresh 40．（2024·天津南开·一模）When she went outside she was temporarily ________by the sun. A．blinded B．threatened C．opposed D．interpreted 41．（2024·天津·一模）Through comparison, he found that the location of the 117 known Maya cities ________ to the position of the stars. A．corporate B．correspond C．determine D．integrate 42．（2024·天津·一模）Greenhouse gases have been speeding up the process of global warming and our climate. A．affecting B．challenging C．promoting D．creating 43．（2024·天津河东·一模）It is necessary to ______ the workshop because the company will do more and more business. A．broaden B．increase C．extend D．spread 44．（2024·天津河北·一模）Life, like a musical symphony with its highs and lows, brings students bittersweet moments, like ________ a major exam, giving a presentation, or first-time boarding. A．reciting B．observing C．sitting D．putting 45．（2024·天津和平·一模）It is widely acknowledged that volunteer work is an important factor in ______ students’ attitudes towards social life. A．adopting B．shaping C．claiming D．attaining 46．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期末）If people ______ the great works of the past, it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present. A．overuse B．maintain C．disregard D．promote 47．（23-24高三上·江苏苏州·期中）Black cats are still __________ as Halloween cats, creatures of bad luck, more appropriate on a witch’s broomstick than curled up on your pillow. A．paralysed B．stereotyped C．optimized D．diagnosed 48．（2023·天津·二模）The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness. A．obtain B．resist C．convey D．distribute 49．（2023·天津河西·三模）Governments around the world should join the campaign to encourage their citizens to ______ a healthy diet and take up some form of physical activity. A．approve B．adopt C．attract D．admit 50．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Traditional tea roasting is a delicate technique that involves using hands to________the temperature in the pan. A．consult B．assess C．require D．seek 51．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）Effective measures should be taken to ________ endangered animals to ensure that more species don’t become extinct. A．advocate B．reserve C．accumulate D．preserve 52．（2023·天津·一模）The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of goods was carrying loads on their back or head. A．innovating B．transporting C．producing D．measuring 53．（2023·天津河北·二模）They are constantly revising the dictionary to________changes in language. A．cast B．suffer C．reflect D．prevent 54．（2023·天津·二模）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity. A．permitting B．reflecting C．reviewing D．investigating 55．（2023·天津河东·二模）In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors can the natural advantage of women compared to men. A．challenge B．guarantee C．confirm D．affect 56．（2023·天津河西·二模）Colors like green can ________ a sense of life and quietness to people. A．acquire B．remark C．investigate D．convey 57．（2023·天津河北·一模）I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has ________ it ever since. A．spotted B．applied C．claimed D．discovered 58．（2023·天津·一模）A university is an educational institution which ________ degrees and carries out research. A．rewards B．awards C．promotes D．presents 59．（2023·天津南开·一模）Being a college professor________ you the opportunity simply to write and do research. A．liberates B．affords C．occupies D．facilitates 60．（2023·天津·一模）As a clown actor, he does tricks, sings songs and tells silly stories to ______ the children. A．entertain B．encounter C．embarrass D．emerge 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。A. adding增加；B. adjusting适应；C. applying申请；D. attending出席。由下文“to her new surroundings.”可知，此处表示适应新的环境，adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”，故选B。 2．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。 3．A 【详解】考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些人来了又走了，但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned变成（某种颜色）；C.grown变得；D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。 4．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。 5．D 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood    理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。 6．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。 点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。 7．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个陌生的城市开车时很容易迷路，所以在出发前仔细看一张好地图是很重要的。A. study 细看；B. display展示；C. deliver 投递；D. publish出版。由“It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city，before you set out”可知，study“细看”符合句意。故选A项。 8．C 【详解】考查动词短语： 句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。该题考查固定短语take advantage of，意为“利用”，其他选项不能和advantage of搭配。故选C。 考点：考查动词短语。 9．B 【详解】考查动词和固定搭配。句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。A.have有；B.make 做；C.display展示；D.bring带来。动词短语make sense为固定搭配，意为“有意义”，而其他三个没有这样的搭配，根据句意，故选B。 10．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服；B. consult咨询； C. avoid 避免；D. affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。 11．B 【详解】考查动词和固定短语。句意：我的父母总是很重视我得到好的教育这一事情。A.have有；B.attach附加；C. accept接受；D.支付。短语attach importance to sth. ，意为“对某事予以重视”，根据句意，故选B. 12．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长和孩子应该多多交流，来缩小他们之间的代沟，以便他们能够更好的彼此理解。A. open打开；B. narrow缩小；C. widen加宽；D. leave离开。根据“Parents and children should communicate more”可知，父母与孩子通过交流来缩小代沟。 故选B。 13．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。A.order命令，订货 B. arrange安排，整理 C. take拿，获得 D. book预定，登记。根据句意可知，此处是预定机票。故选D。 14．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：如果你什么都不懂，不用担心，老师会在最后复习要点。A. recover恢复； C. review回顾，总结; C. require需要，要求；D. remember记得。根据“he main points at the end”可知，review符合句意。故选B。 15．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的鞋和衣服很搭配,二者搭配看起来很不错。suit和fit的用法是sth suit/fit sb某物适合某人，宾语为人。match是某物和某物很搭，宾语为物。compare是比较的意思。根据they look very well together.可知，她的鞋和衣服很搭配。故选D。 16．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你有困难，迈克很乐意向你伸出援手的。A.lend借；B.shake摇；C.wave挥手；D.want想要。lend a hand“帮忙”符合句意。故选A项。 17．D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：露西已经完成了她在高中为自己设定的所有目标，并准备好迎接大学的新挑战。acquire获得，得到（acquire a good knowledge of English）; finish完成；conclude结束，得出结论；achieve取得，达到。achieve a goal达到目标。故选D。 18．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在暑假做兼职工作挣了1000美元后开了银行账户。A. borrowed借；B. opened打开，开设；C. entered进入；D. ordered订购。 open a bank account“开银行账户”。故选B。 19．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：张择端《清明上河图》的第一部分呈现了汴京附近农村生活的宁静景象，以农田、蜿蜒流过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民为特色。A. featuring以……为特色；B. replacing代替；C. employing雇佣；D. studying研究。根据空后的“crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work(农田、蜿蜒穿过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民)”可知，此处表示“以农田、蜿蜒流过景观的河流和辛勤工作的农民为特色”。故选A项。 20．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这场激动人心的足球比赛中，我用手势向队友传达信息，确保了场上的有效沟通。A. classify分类；B. compromise妥协；C. convey表达，传达；D. calculate计算。根据语境和后文ensuring effective communication on the field可知，此处指“向队友传达信息”。故选C。 21．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——虽然我们生活在一个和平的国家，但世界上仍有许多地区处于战争状态。——我认为我们应该主张通过谈判解决国际争端，而不是诉诸武力。A. admit承认；B. approach靠近；C. assess评价；D. advocate主张。根据solving international dispute by negotiation可知，此处为动词advocate“主张”，满足句意要求。故选D项。 22．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈判以积极的方式进行。A. digested消化；B. blocked阻塞；C. conducted进行；D. narrowed缩小，使变窄。根据空前的negotiations可知，此处表示以积极的方式进行谈判。故选C项。 23．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：GMRI，是一个全球市场研究机构，试图将学生与将雇佣他们的公司进行匹配，因此你可以在平台上搜索相关信息。A. share分享；B. spare抽出，留出；C. inform通知；D. match匹配。根据下文“so you can search for relevant information on the platform”可知，GMRI试图将学生与将雇佣他们的公司进行匹配，因此可以让你在平台上搜索相关信息。故选D。 24．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父母给她买了一台新电脑，这使她的心情立刻好转，脸上露出了笑容。A. lifted高兴起来，使更愉快；B. suited适合；C. reflected反映；D. controlled。根据“brought a smile to her face”可知，新电脑使她高兴了起来。故选A项。 25．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从加入公司以来，他对公司做出了巨大贡献。这就是他上个月得到晋升的原因。A. blamed 责怪；B. reflected 反映；C. inspected 检查；D. promoted 提升，晋升。根据句意理解，此人因为对公司的巨大贡献，所以上个月应该是得到了积极的回馈，而“晋升”表示因为做出贡献而获得的正面结果，符合题意。故选D。 26．D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我已经调整了几次控制，但加热器就是达不到设定的温度。A. mustn’t禁止、不可；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. needn’t没必要；D. won’t不会。根据句意及空格后的reach可知，此处是指加热器“不会”达到设定温度。故选D项。 27．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数学生上大学主要是为了获得所选专业所需的知识。A. acquire获得；B. desire渴望；C. inquire询问；D. require需要。根据下文“the knowledge needed for their chosen profession (为了所选专业所需的知识)”可知，此处指学生上大学是为了获得知识。故选 A。 28．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女警察发现我没有系好安全带，示意我停车。A. spotted发现；B. explored探索；C. instructed指示；D. described描述。根据后文“I hadn’t fastened my seat belt and signaled me to stop”指发现没有系安全带。故选A。 29．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于华为在2023年9月推出了最新的产品Mate X5，华为在中国市场的可折叠智能手机品牌销售排名中占据了领先地位。A. launched（首次）上市；B. landed（飞机）着陆或（物品）到达；C. installed安装；D. informed通知。launched正确地描述了新产品的发布，符合句意。故选A项。 30．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为汉朝的一名医生，华佗经常被认为是中国第一个在外科手术中使用麻醉的人。A. presented展示；提交；B. referred提到；涉及；C. credited认为是……的功劳；把……归功于；D. promoted促进；推动。由语意可知，华佗经常被认为是中国第一个在外科手术中使用麻醉的人。be credited with意为“被认为有……成就” 。故选C项。 31．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在选择你的专业时，你需要确定自己的优势，听从自己的内心。A. identify确定；B. expand扩大；C. advocate主张；D. suit适合于（某人）。根据“choosing your major”可知，此处是给选择专业提供建议，identify“确定”符合语境，建议确定自己的优势，和选择专业相关。故选A。 32．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了结束讨论，让每个人都满意，我们不得不在度假地点上妥协。根据后文中make everyone happy（让每个人都满意）可知，该句应该表示对于度假地点的“妥协”。A. memorize记住；B. compromise妥协；C. suspect猜想；D. destroy摧毁。B项符合句意，故选B。 【点睛】 33．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你工作时间很紧的时候，保持健康的饮食和定期锻炼是让你精神焕发的有效方法。A. relieve缓解；B. rebuild重建；C. refresh使恢复精神；D. reform改革。根据后文“you are working on a tight schedule”此处指保持健康的饮食和定期锻炼是让你精神焕发的有效方法。故选C。 34．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通往幸福的道路只有一条，那就是停止为那些超出我们意志能力的事情担忧。A. cease停止；B. recall回想起；C. acknowledge承认；D. guarantee保证。由“There is only one way to happiness”和“worrying about things which are beyond the power of our will”可知，句子表示“通往幸福的道路只有一条，那就是停止为那些超出我们意志能力的事情担忧”，空格处意为“停止”，故选A。 35．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在日本，看到别人做“OK”手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思，而在法国，看到同样的手势的人可能会认为这是零的意思。A. ignoring忽视；B. employing雇佣，采用；C. analyzing分析；D. permitting允许。根据后文“the OK gesture”指采用OK手势的人。故选B。 36．A 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：凯特收到了一个以“龙”为特征的糖画，它太美了，她都不忍心吃。A. couldn’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据前文“Kate received a sugar painting featuring the “loong” character and it was so beautiful”可知，此处应是“太美，而不忍心吃”，为固定搭配：couldn't bear to do意为“不能忍受做某事”。故选A项。 37．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该努力从紧张的日程中抽出一些宝贵的时间来陪伴家人。A. figure计算，认为；B. approve批准，赞成；C. confirm确认，证实；D. spare抽出，留出。根据句中的“accompany our families”可知，我们应该抽出一些时间陪伴家人。故选D。 38．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过在名校的工作，莉莉不仅积累了很多宝贵的经验，而且对未来的职业生涯有了更清晰的认识。A. guaranteed保证；B. accumulated积累； C. exchanged交换；D. scheduled安排。根据“By working in a famous school”以及常识可知，莉莉积累了很多宝贵的经验。故选B项。 39．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有构成重大的安全威胁，但这一事件确实引起了一些公众的关注。A. suspect怀疑；B. generate引起，产生；C. disturb打扰；D. refresh使恢复精神。根据后文“some popular concern”指引起关注，故选B。 40．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走出户外时,她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。A. blinded使盲目；B. threatened威胁；C. opposed反对；D. interpreted口译。根据后文“by the sun”她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。故选A。 41．B 【详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：通过比较，他发现已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相一致。A. corporate公司的；B. correspond符合，相一致；C. determine查明，测定；D. integrate（使）合并，成为一体。根据空前的the location of the 117 known Maya cities和空后的to the position of the stars可知，这里表示已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相一致，correspond to意为“与……一致”。故选B。 42．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：温室气体一直在加速全球变暖的进程并影响我们的气候。A. affect影响；B. challenge挑战；C.promote促进；D. create创造。根据题意，温室气体在全球蔓延后，肯定会影响到我们的气候，故选A项。 43．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有必要扩大车间规模，因为公司将开展越来越多的业务。A. broaden增长；B. increase提高；C. extend扩大；D. spread传播。根据下文“because the company will do more and more business(因为公司将开展越来越多的业务)”可推理出空白处应填表示“扩大”含义的动词，故选C项。 44．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：生活，就像高低起伏的交响乐，给学生带来苦乐参半的时刻，比如参加大型考试，做演讲，或者第一次寄宿。A. reciting背诵；B. observing观察；C. sitting坐；D. putting放。短语sit an exam，意为“参加考试”，符合句意，故选C。 45．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为志愿工作是塑造学生对社会生活态度的一个重要因素。A. adopting采用；B. shaping塑造；C. claiming声称；D. attaining获得。根据后文“students’ attitudes towards social life”指塑造对社会生活态度，故选B。 46．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们忽视过去的伟大作品，那是因为这些作品不再满足现在的需要。A. overuse过度使用；B. maintain维持；C. disregard忽视；D. promote促进。根据后文“because these works no longer answer the needs of the present”可知，因为那些作品不再满足现在的需要，所以被人们忽视了。故选C。 47．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：黑猫仍然被定型为万圣节猫，一种运气不好的动物，放在女巫的扫帚上比蜷缩在枕头上更合适。A. paralysed使瘫痪；B. stereotyped对……形成模式化的看法；C. optimized使最优化；D. diagnosed诊断。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的助动词are可知本句使用了被动语态，空白处应填过去分词。根据下文“creatures of bad luck, more appropriate on a witch’s broomstick than curled up on your pillow(一种运气不好的动物，放在女巫的扫帚上比蜷缩在枕头上更合适)”可知本句说的是黑猫在人们的心目中形成了模式化的看法，认为它是一种运气不好的动物，放在女巫的扫帚上比蜷缩在枕头上更合适，空白处应填表示“对……形成模式化的看法”含义的动词，故选B项。 48．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得优异成绩的诀窍是要有足够的决心，并抵制懒惰的欲望。A. obtain获得；B. resist抵制；C. convey表达；D. distribute分发。根据后文“the desire of laziness”可知，此处指抵制懒惰的欲望。故选B。 49．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界各国政府应该加入这场运动，鼓励其公民采用健康饮食并进行某种形式的体育活动。A.approve通过；B.adopt采用；C.attract吸引；D.admit录取。根据“a healthy diet and take up some form of physical activity”可知，此处是指采用健康饮食。故选B。 50．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统的烤茶是一种精细的技术，需要用手来评估锅中的温度。A. consult咨询；B. assess评估；C. require需要；D. seek寻找。根据下文“the temperature in the pan (锅中的温度)”可知，传统的烤茶需要用手来评估锅中的温度，空白处应填表示“评估”含义的动词，故选B项。 51．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该采取有效措施保护濒危动物，以确保更多的物种不会灭绝。A. advocate v. 拥护；B. reserve v. 保留；C. accumulate v. 积累，积聚；D. preserve v. 保护。结合句意可知，此处是指保护濒危动物。故选D。 52．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，最早的旅行方式是步行，人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。A. innovating改革；B. transporting运输；    C. producing生产；D.  measuring测量。根据后文“goods was carrying loads on their back or head”可知是在说明人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。故选B。 53．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不断修订字典以反映语言的变化。A. cast投射；B. suffer遭受；C. reflect反映，反射；D. prevent阻止。根据句意可知，此处为动词reflect“反映”，满足句意要求。故选C项。 54．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. permitting允许；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾，反思；D. investigating调查。根据A city is the product of the the human hand and mind可知，城市是人类手和思想的产物，应是“反映”了人的智慧和创造力，故选B。 55．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有地区，妇女的寿命都比男子长。然而，社会、文化和经济因素会影响女性相对于男性的天然优势。A. challenge挑战；B. guarantee保证；C. confirm确认；D. affect影响。根据“In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors”可知，社会、文化和经济因素也会影响到寿命。故选D。 56．D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像绿色这样的颜色可以给人一种充满生机和安静的感觉。A. acquire获得；B. remark评论；C. investigate调查；D. convey传达。根据“a sense of life and quietness to people”可推知，这种给人的感觉是绿色一类的颜色传达给人们的，即convey。故选D。 57．C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在学校捡了一个钱包递给了班主任，但从那以后就再也没有人认领过。A. spotted注意到；B. applied申请；C. claimed认领、索取；D. discovered发现。结合“I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher”和but可知，应该是无人认领钱包。故选C项。 58．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。A. rewards奖赏；B. awards授予；C. promotes提升；D. presents呈现。根据“degrees and carries out research.”可知，大学是授予学位的。故选B。 59．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：做一名大学教授给你提供了写作和做研究的机会。A. liberates解放；B. affords提供；C. occupies占用，使从事；D. facilitates促进。结合句意，“当教授”这件事“提供（机会）”，用afford；本句描述一般性事实，时态采用一般现在时；动名词做主语，看作单数，主谓保持一致。故选B项。 60．A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个丑角演员，他表演魔术，唱歌，讲有关愚蠢的故事来娱乐孩子们。A. entertain使欢乐，娱乐；B. encounter遭遇，偶然碰到；C. embarrass使尴尬；D. emerge浮现，暴露。根据前文“he does tricks, sings songs and tells silly stories”可知，他逗孩子开心。故选A项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$