课时作业（18） Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

作业（十八） Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He had made a thorough (缜密的) investigation.No wonder he knew so much about it. 2．I can remember the precise (确切的) moment when I won the title for the first time. 3．When he was still very young, Ba Jin established his reputation (名声) he still enjoys today as one of China's greatest writers. 4．He opened the letter written by the famous writer with trembling (颤抖的) hands. 5．As we all know, diamond (钻石) is considered to be one of the most precious stones in the world. 6．He brought to the job not just considerable experience but passionate (狂热的) enthusiasm. 7．His cakes were so delicious that he sold them in dozens (打). 8．The organization has launched (发起) a campaign to raise money for the Hope Project. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．If we do not deal with pressure properly，it may cause harm to our bodies. 2．For the sake of the children, the head of the village urged the government to send (send) more volunteer teachers to the local schools. 3．I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis competition because I'm really passionate (passion) about tennis. 4．I want to buy a washing machine of this brand, as it has a good reputation for good quality and low price. 5．(2023·天津河西区期末)Whenever I'm unhappy, my friends always stand by me and cheer me up. 6．She has lost heart since she failed to start up her own business, puzzled (puzzle) about her future. 7．The loss of their natural habitats cause rare species of wildlife to die out at an alarming (alarm) rate, which sparked (引发) a great concern in the modern society. 8．When I was informed of the result, I felt myself in despair, my body growing cold and my fingers trembling (tremble). 9．Although he's over eighty, his mind is still remarkably alert to everything around him. 10．A number of airlines were banned (ban) from transporting passengers to the UK because of the bad weather. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．史密斯先生与其说是老师，不如说是朋友，所以我非常感谢他对我们所做的一切。(more ...than ...) Mr.Smith is more a friend than a teacher　， so I am more than thankful to him for what he has done to us. 2．我意识到成功的秘诀不是由你什么时间、在哪里出生决定的，而是由你在生活中所做的以及你怎样做的所决定。(not ...but ...) I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born　， but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. 3．昆明是个四季如春的城市。无论什么季节你都能看到鲜花盛开，绿草如茵。(see＋宾语＋宾补) Kunming is a city where spring stays.No matter what season it is you could see flowers blooming and grass green　. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Silent Spring is a book 1.　written (write) by Rachel Carson, a marine biologist, in 1962.By imagining a world without birds, she aimed 2.　to alert (alert) people to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems.In the book she expressed her wish to see pesticides used in a more 3.　responsible (response), limited and 4.　carefully (careful) monitored way.As to the 5.　features (feature) of the book, Carson wrote a lot of scientific information, research and examples.Besides, the arguments were strong and they were written in 6.　a beautiful and elegant language. Though Carson's research was strong and was supported by most scientists 7.　who/that reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target 8.　for critics in the pesticide industry.They said Carson's research was not precise.Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claims. Due to Silent Spring, the use of DDT was banned and the EPA 9.　was established (establish) in the US.Carson earned a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom.The book changed the world by increasing people's environmental 10.　awareness (aware). Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Ernest Hemingway, like all writers, means different things to different people.To some, he represents a hunting, drinking, smoking, and aggressive male.To my high school mind, he was just some old white guy going on about a fisherman desperate to catch a large sea fish — though Ms Frederieks, my English teacher, had forced us to read The Old Man and the Sea, I didn't come to appreciate it, nor any of Hemingway's books, until much later.But in my early 20s, someone mailed me a dusty copy of Hemingway's first novel, The Sun Also Rises.I'd never read anything quite like it—and haven't since. Today marks the anniversary of the publication of that book, a masterpiece of the form, The Sun Also Rises is a rare achievement in its power.Its brief yet evocative (引起共鸣的) sentences made a strong impression as I was beginning to develop my own love of words.“Don't you ever get the feeling that all your life is going by and you're not taking advantage of it？”one character asks narrator Jake，an American newspaper reporter.“Do you realise you've lived nearly half the time you have to live already？” None of Hemingway's other works, though some were good and even great, quite expressed the idea of desire and longing that his first novel does.But there's also an obvious sadness that affects the entire novel, which, in truth, is what attracted me more than anything.How could these depressed and often insufferable characters be drawn so beautifully? And how on earth could such simple, undecorated writing carry this kind of emotional weight? Nathaniel Hawthorne says it best，“Easy reading is extremely hard writing.” But for me, it's much more than that.When I read The Sun Also Rises — and I go back to it every few years — I'm instantly transported to Pamplona，where Hemingway's characters go to watch the bullfights.I visited Pamplona as a kid with my family, and I too watched the bullfights with my father — who randomly sent me this wonderful book. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何结缘海明威的《太阳照常升起》这本书，对这本书的评价，以及这本书对作者本人造成的影响。 1．What did the author think of Hemingway when he was in high school? A．A puzzle. B．A specialist. C．A legend. D．A passer­by. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“To my high school mind ...nor any of Hemingway's books, until much later.”可知，在高中时，作者认为海明威只是一个过客，作者对他的作品并不感兴趣。 2．What do we know about The Sun Also Rises? A．It is a best seller. B．It was published a century ago. C．Its simple words are appealing. D．It's Hemingway's most popular novel. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today marks the anniversary ...as I was beginning to develop my own love of words.”可知，《太阳照常升起》文字简短但却很吸引人。 3．What can we infer about the author from the text? A．He is crazy about travelling. B．He was greatly affected by the book. C．He attached importance to reading. D．He enjoyed looking back on old days. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“But there's also an obvious sadness that affects the entire novel, which, in truth，is what attracted me more than anything.”以及第四段中“But for me，it's much more than that.When I read The Sun Also Rises — and I go back to it every few years”可知，作者深受《太阳照常升起》这本书的影响。 4．Which column is the passage possibly from? A．Review. B．News. C．Anecdote. D．History. 解析：A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者如何结缘海明威《太阳照常升起》这本书，对这本书的评价，以及这本书对作者本人造成的影响。因此这篇文章可能来自书评。 B The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing.The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that's never comfortable to be in. This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature.In Shakespeare's King Lear, the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters.He is out in the winter cold, suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings. The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being abandoned by his family is worse.A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It, fits this poor old man's situation: “Blow, blow, thou winter wind，/Thou art not so unkind/As man's ingratitude (忘恩负义).”Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (不人道).There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare. Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive.Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations. The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors.Dickens' A Christmas Carol was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element in stories that feature winter scenes today.Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J．K.Rowling's Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone as they sit down for their festive meal： Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner.A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters of chipolatas (小香肠) and so on. It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it. Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have certainly “warmed up” since Shakespeare's days. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作家笔下描述冬日的文学作品以及作家们赋予冬日的情感态度的变化历程。 5．What is winter like in Shakespeare's works? A．Pleasant. B．Comfortable. C．Stressful. D．Cruel. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature.In Shakespeare's King Lear, the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters.”可知，莎士比亚作品中的冬天是残酷的。故选 D项。 6．What contribution did Charles Dickens make to the description of winter? A．He wrote a lot of stories that were set in winter. B．He was an author famous for describing winter C．He made a turning point in the description of winter. D．He inspired readers to experience the cheerful winter. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.”可知，自查尔斯·狄更斯之后，文学作品中对于冬天的描写变得不同，故他对冬天的描写成了描写冬天的转折点。故选C项。 7．What do the winter scenes in J．K.Rowling's works bring? A．Magic. B．Joy. C．Cold. D．Ugliness. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J．K.Rowling's Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone as they sit down for their festive meal”可知，J.K.罗琳的作品中冬日场面带来欢乐。故选B项。 8．In which section of the newspaper does the text probably appear? A．Science and technology. B．Fashion and lifestyle. C．Culture and history. D．Health and medicine. 解析：C　推理判断题。本文介绍了莎士比亚、狄更斯、J.K.罗琳等作家笔下描述冬日的文学作品以及作家们赋予冬日的情感态度的变化历程。由此可推测，这段文字可能出现在报纸文化和历史的部分。故选 C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 My husband and I bought a house when we were in our 50's.It was 1 but beautiful because there was an old Japanese red pine tree which looked like a large bonsai (盆栽) in its front 2 ．For 20 years it had been a 3 to all who passed by.It shaded (遮住光线) my small garden of different flowers that I'd planted for 4 ． Early last year, it 5 the whole day in Seattle.When we were enjoying snow the next morning, the house shook and we 6 a terrible sound.The 7 fell down over the full length of the yard, taking out most of the plants.So tree services were called.Branches (树枝) were 8 and wood was carried away. In March I 9 a few flowering plants for bees to take the place of those that I thought would not 10 ．And guess what happened in May: when the sun fully shone down on the little yard, new flowers blew in.The old garden plants all grew back and 11 even more than ever before.The poor yard 12 came back to life.In June, one year later, every plant grew even 13 in the sunshine. The brightness and warmth of the sun created a more beautiful 14 ， which was much more than I had 15 ． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一场大雪把院子里美丽的大树压倒了，阳光倾泻而下，重生的花丛长得比原来更美了。 1．A.small B．empty C．dirty D．dark 解析：A　根据下文中的“my small garden”“little yard”等信息可知，作者买的房子不大。 2．A.square B．street C．room D．yard 解析：D　根据第二段中的“fell down over the full length of the yard”可知，此处指前面的院子。 3．A.sign B．beauty C．secret D．problem 解析：B　根据上文中的“but beautiful because there was an old Japanese red pine tree”可知，这棵赤松对路过的人来说是一道美景。 4．A.bees B．birds C．rabbits D．chickens 解析：A　根据第三段第一句中的“for bees”可知，作者为蜜蜂种了各种各样的花。 5．A.blew B．rained C．snowed D．shone 解析：C　根据下句中的“When we were enjoying snow”可知，西雅图下了一整天的雪。 6．A.recorded B．learnt C．made D．heard 解析：D　根据空后的“a terrible sound”可知，作者听到可怕的声音。 7．A.tree B．house C．brick D．shelf 解析：A　根据下文中的“So tree services were called.”可知，树倒下了。 8．A.sold B．cut C．covered D．found 解析：B　根据上文中的“So tree services were called.”及下文中的“wood was carried away”可知，树枝被砍下。 9．A.discovered B．moved C．bought D．watered 解析：C　根据上文中的“taking out most of the plants”和下文“to take the place of those”可知，作者又买了一些开花的植物。 10．A.appear B．continue C．stop D．survive 解析：D　根据上文中的“taking out most of the plants”和“I a few flowering plants for bees to take the place of those” 可知，作者买花苗是来代替那些她认为不会活下来的花苗。 11．A.lost B．flowered C．changed D．suffered 解析：B　根据上文中的“The old garden plants all grew back” 可知，花开得比以前更多了。 12．A.slowly B．directly C．usually D．simply 解析：A　随着更多的鲜花相继开放，可怜的小院子慢慢恢复了生机。 13．A.earlier B．harder C．better D．faster 解析：C　根据上文可知，一年以后，所有的植物长得更好了。 14．A.sky B．garden C．city D．beach 解析：B　联系倒数第二段的内容可知，阳光的明亮和温暖使作者的花园更加美丽。 15．A.needed B．experienced C．expected D．understood 解析：C　作者买了一些新的花苗，没想到旧的花苗活了过来并开出了更多的花朵，所以现在的花园如此美丽是超出作者预期的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$