Unit1 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Do not expect pupils to be identical (完全相同的).Every child is unique, with their own needs, preferences and talents. 2．（2024·河南郑州模拟）5G is an exciting mobile technology, which will boost (促进) the development of smart cities massively. 3．We should be aware of what we do wrong, be self­critical (自我批评的), and calmly seek the right solutions. 4．Female students under twenty­one were required to live in dormitories (寝室) or approved residences. 5．Remember you may feel sleepy after taking these pills (药丸). 6．This may seem so simple, but it is so important, and often overlooked (忽略). 7．Perhaps I misjudged (对……判断错误) him before, and he is not so mean as I imagined. 8．The invention of printing is generally acknowledged (承认) to be one of the defining inventions for the advancement of civilization. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．She has no desire for the life in the city.That's because she can't adapt to the fast pace of life there. 2．　Lacking (lack) confidence resulted in his failure in the job interview yesterday. 3．The detective, pretending to be reading (read) a newspaper, glanced at the man seated next to a woman. 4．We're going to have to work very hard.Just as a famous person puts it, “There's no gain without pain.” 5．Mary acknowledged having told (tell) a white lie to her father in order to hide the bad news from him. 6．There is no doubt that it is meaningless to bother to remember/remembering (remember) those words without reviewing. 7．There is no need to worry about it as the government is now making an effort to provide more jobs for young people. 8．The two men behave identically (identical), but they have different purposes. 9．The first time I saw him, his sense of humour left a deep impression (impress) on me. 10．I was walking in the park when I suddenly came across an old friend who I hadn't seen for many years. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．此外，海洋提供了我们呼吸的大部分氧气，这就是为什么它们是“我们星球的肺”。(why) Additionally, oceans provide most of the oxygen we breathe and that's why they are “the lungs of our planet”　. 2．我们明天必须离开，真是遗憾。(形式主语) 　It is a pity that we shall have to leave. 3．众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一次。 　As is known to everybody　， the moon travels around the earth once every month.(非限制性定语从句) Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Jade is a girl who loves to look good and she becomes 1.　addicted (addict) to selfie apps.She spends hours every day 2.　editing (edit) her selfies, posting them and eagerly checking her phone a hundred times for comments.Each “like” boosts her confidence.According to Dr Hart, Jade's behaviour 3.　indicates (indicate) that she lacks self­confidence and the image Jade presents 4.　to obtain (obtain) praise is false. Anthony is a college student, who never really cared about his appearance.But after he attended a TV programme where he was reviewed from head 5.　to toe, he perceived that external beauty isn't 6.　totally (total) worthless, which Dr Hart agrees with Dr Hart thinks external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked, and making an effort with our appearance can leave an positive first 7.　impression (impress) on others and boost our confidence. Emma, a senior high school student, 8.　was bothered (bother) by the weight problem in the past.She tried every means possible to lose weight, 9.　but it was in vain.However, she was inspired by Tess Holliday's story and realized 10.　what it means to be beautiful.Dr Hart completely agrees with Emma on the opinion that being healthy is beautiful and good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A On August 3，2020, a New Jersey school teacher named Julia Mooney put on a button­down dress and wore it to work.She wore it the next day and the next.In fact, she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days in a row.Julia wanted to get people — her middle school students, in particular — thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what she describes as a “culture of excess”， closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need. At first, Julia said nothing to her students about her experiment.There was no formal class discussion until several weeks later, at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do and not what we wear.“As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or superficial (表面上的) things.Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is，” she said. A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first place.On her website, she wrote that “spending a long time thinking and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the past”．It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house. If there was a tear (裂口), Julia patched it with her sewing machine.She was careful with it so she wore an apron (围裙) to keep it clean — just like people did in years gone by.She washed the dress on weekends. “The challenge I'm presenting is this：Let's think before we buy it, wear it, throw it away and buy one again.Are we just perpetuating (使持续) a culture that defines us based on what we're wearing rather than what we're doing? What if we spent our energy trying to be good interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting？” she said. Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work, but the effect of the experiment lingers.She said, “I'm expressing my interest in the health of our planet and the people who occupy it, while channeling less of my energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children, being patient with my students and embracing my day­to­day existence.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们，尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。 1．Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously? A．She liked that dress most. B．She tried to save time and money. C．She had to follow a fast­fashion trend. D．She wanted to arouse people's reflection. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Julia wanted to get people ...thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in ...a ‘culture of excess’， closets overflowing with clothes far more than we need.”可知，朱莉娅想让人们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知朱莉娅那样穿衣服是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。故选D。 2．Which word best describes the students' attitude to the culture of judging people by their appearance? A．Opposed. B．Indifferent. C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic. 解析：A　观点态度题。根据第二段中的“at which point the students were responsive” “Julia said that her students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other based on what we do and not what we wear.”以及 “As they try to define themselves, the students are often identifying themselves with brands or superficial (表面上的) things.Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how silly all of that really is，”可知学生们对这个实验反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因为可以谈论那种只关注表面的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的(opposed)。故选A。 3．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4? A．The aim Julia wanted to achieve. B．The influence Julia was trying to exert. C．Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well. D．Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan. 解析：C　段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。故选C。 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．It is our responsibility to protect the earth's environment. B．Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things. C．Julia doesn't care what she wears every day. D．People should be grateful for their daily lives. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入到了更有意义、更有价值的事情上。故选B。 B (2024·山东日照检测）Before uploading a photo of ourselves on to social media, the chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin, make our eyes look bigger, and lips fuller.However, the problem is, when we simply edit our imperfections away, we're also changing the way we look at ourselves. Researchers published the article Selfies — Living in the Era of Filtered Photographs.The article analyzed photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self­respect and the possibility to cause appearance anxieties.The researchers also warned people that such apps make it difficult to tell the difference between reality and fantasy.“These apps allow one to change his or her appearance in minutes and follow an unrealistic standard of beauty，” the article reads. In the past, people might compare their looks to those of famous people.But for today's young people, beauty standards are most likely set by what they see on social media.“They are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self­worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look.” British cosmetic doctor Tijion Esho told The Independent.This is why many young people suffer an identity trouble when it comes to appearance. “Now you've got this daily comparison of your real self to the fake self that you present on social media，”Renee Engeln, a professor of psychology, said.Engeln further pointed out that when people spend too much time making such comparisons, they may become “beauty sick” and find it difficult to accept what they actually look like.“Because between you and the world is a mirror that travels with you everywhere.You can't seem to put it down.So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn't think to ourselves, ‘Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos？’ Instead, we should think, ‘I feel good; I have my health.’” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了照片编辑软件对人们的自尊造成的影响以及可能导致外貌焦虑的原因。 5．What's the effect of photo editing apps according to Paragraph 2? A．Keeping people addicted to fantasy. B．Making people anxious about looks. C．Causing people to doubt the reality. D．Leading people to have self­respect. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“photo editing apps' bad influences on people's self­respect and the possibility to cause appearance anxieties.”可知，照片编辑软件对人们的自尊有不好的影响，可能会导致外貌焦虑。 6．Why do many young people suffer an identity trouble? A．They compare their looks to those of famous people. B．They care too much about their likes and dislikes. C．Their beauty standards change with the times. D.Their self­worth depends on their appearance. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self­worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have, which is linked to how good they look.”可知，现在年轻人的自我价值感完全基于网络上的点赞数和粉丝数，这都与他们好看的外貌相关，因此他们将自我价值感依赖于外表是他们遭受身份焦虑的原因。 7．What is Renee Engeln's advice? A．Finding out the real self. B．Reflecting on our defects. C．Feeling good about the way we look. D．Eliminating daily comparison with others. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So when we look in a real mirror, we shouldn't think to ourselves ...”可推知，Renee Engeln建议我们要对自己原本的模样感觉良好。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．More Fake Self, Less Anxiety B．Be Self­confident — Face Shortcomings C．Be Yourself — Get Rid of Filtered Photos D．No Photo Editing Apps, No Identity Troubles 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文说明了照片编辑软件可能导致外貌焦虑和身份焦虑，作者建议大家要对自己原本的模样感觉良好，故C项为本文的最佳标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Roberta appeared on the stage.She took a deep breath and began to speak.Now she was Portia, a strong­willed 1 in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.The theater was filled with people.She was speaking with a power she had never before experienced, the words flowing 2 from her. 3 ， Roberta had never acted in her life before the audition (试演).She 4 being in front of other people.She was very shy at school.She had never thought she was good enough at anything to 5 much attention. Two weeks before the audition, Roberta's mother had heard about it and 6 her to join in. “I can't think of anyone else better 7 to play the part.Remember all the plays you used to 8 for us? ” Her mother wouldn't let the 9 drop.“You're just a little scared.Everyone gets 10 ．You know you can do it.The 11 is to look past the fear to find the love of what you're doing.” So Roberta had made a(n) 12 with the head of the Drama Club.In secret she practiced Portia's part, 13 the lines by repeating them over and over.Every time she spoke the words, she had a new 14 of the lines, as if Shakespeare had written Portia on many levels. On the day of the audition, she performed excellently.The head of the Drama Club announced the 15 was hers. [语篇解读]　文章讲述了Roberta在母亲的鼓励下， 克服害羞的弱点， 成功地获得了扮演莎士比亚作品《威尼斯商人》中Portia这个角色的机会。 1．A.member B．actress C．player D．character 解析：D　从文章中可以看出， Roberta正在扮演莎士比亚的作品《威尼斯商人》中的角色Portia。下文中也提到“In secret she practiced Portia's part。”character性格；角色。故选D。 2．A.weakly B．rapidly C．smoothly D．slowly 解析：C　从下文“by repeating them over and over”和“On the day of the audition, she performed excellently.”可知， 台词流利地从她口中说出。smoothly流利地。故选C。 3．A.At first B．In fact C．After all D．In all 解析：B　此处指事实上， 在试演之前她从来没有表演过。下文开始叙述在试演之前她的情况。故选B。 4．A.hated B．enjoyed C．appreciated D．regretted 解析：A　根据下文可知， 由于害羞， 她不愿意在众人面前表现。故选A。 5．A.avoid B．focus C．pay D．attract 解析：D　此处指她从来没有想到她有什么擅长的地方来吸引很多注意力。attract attention吸引注意力。 6．A.forced B．requested C．encouraged D．reminded 解析：C　从下文她母亲说的话可以看出， 母亲是在“鼓励”她。故选C。 7．A.suited B．absorbed C．known D．inspired 解析：A　此处指母亲劝Roberta扮演Portia这个角色， 所以母亲说“我认为你最适合扮演这个角色”。 suited适合的； absorbed全神贯注的； known著名的； inspired受到启发的， 有灵感的。 8．A.put out B．act out C．pick out D．find out 解析：B　此处指母亲说“你还记得你过去为我们表演的所有戏剧吗？ ”put out扑灭(火); act out 表演； pick out挑选出； find out查明。 9．A.rule B．matter C．interest D．grade 解析：B　此处指她母亲不想就此搁下这事。 let the matter drop罢休。故选B。 10．A.happy B．disappointed C．bored D．scared 解析：D　根据空前一句中的scared和下文中的fear可知应选D。 11．A.role B．attitude C．skill D．trick 解析：D　此处指母亲给Roberta提建议， 诀窍就是克服恐惧， 发现你对做的事情的热爱。 12．A.promise B．agreement C．appointment D．decision 解析：C　此处指Roberta在母亲的鼓励下， 和戏剧俱乐部的领导预约参加试演。make an appointment预约。 13．A.memorizing B．organizing C．checking D．improving 解析：A　此处指她秘密地练习了Portia的部分， 一遍又一遍地重复来记住台词。重复当然是为了记住。memorize记忆。故选A。 14．A.consideration B．description C．selection D．understanding 解析：D　此处指每次读， 她都对这些台词有新的见解， 好像莎士比亚从不同的层面写Portia。consideration考虑；description说明； selection选择； understanding理解。故选D。 15．A.part B．play C．speech D．position 解析：A　戏剧俱乐部的领导宣布这个角色是她的了， 根据上文“I can't think of anyone else better 7 to play the part.”可知是角色。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$