Unit4 Section3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The next morning he hired　(租用) a boat and set out to find the well­known painter. 2．When she got to the checkout, she realised that she had left her purse　(钱包) at home. 3．Jack's house has been broken into twice and now he takes precautions against theft　(偷窃) at any time. 4．The doctor took immediate action, thereby　(因此) saving the life of the patient. 5．The president of our institute was accused of abusing　(滥用) his power. 6．Hearing the bad news, all the players had a sense of frustration　(沮丧). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”． 2．The university estimates that living expenses　(expense) for international students are around $8，450 a year, which is a burden for some of them. 3．If you want to be healthier and stay away from diseases, cut down on the amount of salt you eat. 4．Advice­giving can be beneficial　(benefit) to both the regulators and the regulated. 5．Much to my sorrow, my pet was killed in an accident.You can imagine how sorrowful　(sorrow) I am now! 6．Some villagers rent out their place to visitors, from which they can get a slice of the tourism industry's cake. 7．The current economy does a further favour for the development of e­commerce. 8．You are to meet with frustration　(frustrate) in the pursuit of success, but through greater efforts your dream will definitely come true. 9．His success depends on buying at rock­bottom prices and then selling quickly at a slight profit. 10．Judging from the response　(respond) of the audience, the performance was quite a success. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．不管你同意与否，我都要独自去那里。(whether...or...) 　Whether you agree or not　， I will go there alone. 2．通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去实现自己的梦想。(as引导非限制性定语从句) 　As is often the case　， a man who has dreams will try hard to overcome any difficulties to realize his dreams. 3．你没有必要为考试担心。你做了这么多的工作，你一定会通过考试的。 　There is no need to worry about the exam.　You've done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 We've been told since we were toddlers that “It's good to share”．But today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning, which 1.　has expanded (expand) to almost every aspect of our lives.It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.This wealth of ways of sharing is 2.　a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at 3.　competitive (compete) prices, all 4.　delivered (deliver) at the click of a button.We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.Besides, 5.　sharing (share) encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste.But the sharing economy is not without 6.　its (it) problems.Firstly the sharing economy is developing faster than existing 7.　regulations (regulation) or ongoing supervision.In addition, the sharing economy is subject 8.　to abuse of trust.Finally, personal data is not yet secure.Nonetheless, 9.　what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is 10.　increasingly (increasing) relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者)，who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super­sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing, she was offered a candy bar.However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth­friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground.Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product—CanCandy. As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。女孩爱丽丝·穆尔在2015年创办了自己的糖果公司，生产对儿童牙齿有保护作用的糖果。她不仅有经商才能，而且向Big Smiles组织捐了款，她愿意给他人带来微笑。 1．How did Moore react to her dad's warning? A．She argued with him. B．She tried to find a way out. C．She paid no attention. D．She chose to consult dentists. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知她询问父亲是否可以开办一家自己的糖果公司，可知她在想办法解决，故选B。 答案　B 2．What is special about CanCandy? A．It is beneficial to dental health. B．It is free of sweeteners. C．It is sweeter than other candies. D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.”可知她成功地用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果，可以减少口腔细菌。故选A。 答案　A 3．What does Moore expect from her business? A．To earn more money. B．To help others find smiles. C．To make herself stand out. D．To beat other candy companies. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.”可知她想要帮助别人微笑，故选B。 答案　B 4．What can we learn from Alice Moore's story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 解析　推理判断题。本文叙述了女孩爱丽丝·穆尔在遇到问题的时候，积极地思考并寻找解决办法，付诸行动，最后成功，故选C。 答案　C B (2024·武汉二中高二月考)When you don't have a car and need to get around, are you more likely to call an Uber or Lyft，or a cab? Last Friday，Lyft－a ride­sharing company, went public as its stocks started trading on the market.Lyft has become the first big public offering of the “gig economy” age.While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work.What is“gig economy” and what makes it so appealing? Gig work is independent contracts(合同)or part­time jobs such as Uber drivers.In the “gig economy”， companies hire independent contractors instead of full­time employees.This is different from traditional companies where full­time workers hold a lifetime career.In the past, only small companies hired contractors, while today, employers like Amazon rely on the temporary workforce.These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits, retirement savings or paid time off for gig workers. Gig work appeals to different people for different reasons.For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full­time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves.Some people work a full­time job and supplement their salary with gig jobs such as driving for Uber or Lyft. Joining the “gig economy” may be simple, but maintaining a steady career is easier said than done.Gig work comes with unsteady pay and workloads.You're your own boss.It sounds fun, but when you have no self­control and an unsteady job, you might splurge all your money the first week and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month! Besides a strong sense of responsibility, gig workers have to stay up to date to get companies to hire them. Despite the challenges gig workers face, nearly 60 million Americans are part of this workforce.As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的职业经济模式——零工经济，即人人都可以成为自己的老板。 5．What can be learnt about Lyft from the first paragraph? A．It has built up a large fortune. B.It marks the arrival of the “gig economy” age. C.It makes a difference to the meaning of work. D．It appeals to people as a means of public transport. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work”可知， Lyft 正在改变工作的意义，故选C。 答案　C 6．Who are most likely to become gig workers? A．People seeking for a steady income. B．Those eager to get paid vacations. C．People in need of flexible working hours. D．Those concerned about retirement accounts. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For some，it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full­time jobs.it provides a source of income to support themselves”可知，需要弹性工作时间的人最有可能成为gig workers。故选C。 答案　C 7．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Spend money freely. B．Deposit money automatically. C．Earn money quickly. D．Save money rationally. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month！”可推测，splurge 意为“乱花钱”，在之后的日子里只能靠面包片生活。故选A。 答案　A 8．What is the message mainly conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Gig workers have to face potential challenges. B．Gig workers have difficulty finding work. C．Gig companies will solve the job problems. D．Gig companies will force people to change. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work！”可推知，随着“零工经济”公司的兴起，人们应该适应新的工作趋势。故选 D。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 Over the past 10 years, Chen Jinying, 90, has paid off 20.77 million yuan to her lenders. Chen used to be a doctor and she discovered there was a 1 market for down coats for elderly people, so after she retired in the early 1990s, she 2 her own company.Her business went well for the first few years and Chen was also 3 in public welfare, 4 570，000 yuan for elderly people.But in 2011, the company 5 poor sales.She was forced to 6 her factories. In 2012, Chen rented a factory to produce down coats， 7 sales would turn better.But the stock piled up and she even had no money to pay her workers, so she stopped 8 in 2016.Some people suggested she 9 bankruptcy (破产) to avoid going into debt, but she 10 to do so.“I will try my best to pay off the debt, 11 I won't feel at ease，” Chen said. Chen's story gained media 12 ．People were moved and came to her 13 ．When asked if she worried about having so much debt, she replied with a smile, “I have to keep myself healthy so I have the 14 to pay back the loans.People cared for me, and I want to 15 that care.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了陈金英女士的创业故事。在她的事业低谷期，很多人慷慨帮助了她，现在她想把人们对她的这份善心传递下去。 1．A.promising B．terrible C．challenging D．attractive 解析　句意：陈金英以前是个医生，她发现老年人羽绒服市场前景很好，所以她在20世纪90年代初退休后成立了自己的公司。根据后文“so after she retired in the early 1990s, she 2 her own company”可知，她退休后建立了公司，说明此处指她看到老年人的羽绒服市场是有前途的。故选A。 答案　A 2．A.took up B．put up C．set up D．picked up 解析　句意同上。根据后文“Her business went well”可知，此处指她退休后成立了她自己的公司。故选C。take up开始从事；put up张贴；set up成立；pick up学会。 答案　C 3．A.confused B．active C．expert D．fortunate 解析　句意：最初几年，陈金英的生意很好，她也积极参与公益事业，为老年人捐款57万元。根据“Her business went well...and Chen was also 3 in public welfare”及后文“ 4 570，000 yuan for elderly people”可知，此处指当时她的生意很好，她在公益事业方面也很积极。故选B。 答案　B 4．A.paying B．making C．saving D．donating 解析　句意同上。根据语境及“ 4 570，000 yuan for elderly people”可知，此处指她给老年人捐了57万元。故选D。 答案　D 5．A.encountered B．watched C．controlled D．stimulated 解析　句意：但在2011年，公司遇到了销售不佳的情况。结合空前的“the company”和空后的“poor sales”可知，此处指公司遇到了销售不佳的情形，故选A。 答案　A 6．A.destroy B．build C．design D．sell 解析　句意：她被迫卖掉了她的工厂。根据前文“the company encountered poor sales”可知，面对销售不佳的情形，她被迫卖了工厂。故选D。 答案　D 7．A.predicting B．hoping C．advertising D．imagining 解析　句意：2012年，陈租了一家工厂生产羽绒服，希望销售量会好转。根据后文“would turn better”可知，此处指她希望销售量能好转，故选B。 答案　B 8．A.production B．preparation C．progress D．order 解析　句意：但库存积压，她甚至没钱支付工人工资，所以她在2016年停止了生产。根据前文“the stock piled up and she even had no money to pay her workers”可知，此处指因为库存积压，她甚至没钱支付工人工资，所以她停止了生产。故选A。 答案　A 9．A.argue for B．look for C．apply for D．fight for 解析　句意：一些人建议她申请破产来避免负债，但她拒绝了这样做。根据前文“Some people suggested she”和后文“bankruptcy (破产) to avoid going into debt”可知，此处指有人建议她申请破产来避免负债。故选C。argue for为……辩护；look for寻找；apply for申请；fight for为……战斗。 答案　C 10．A.agreed B．refused C．urged D．hesitated 解析　句意同上。根据后文“I will try my best to pay off the debt”可知，此处指她拒绝了那些人的建议。故选B。 答案　B 11．A.however B．thus C．otherwise D．instead 解析　此处表示“我会尽最大努力还清债务，否则我不会安心”。根据前文“I will try my best to pay off the debt”和后文“I won't feel at ease”可知，设空处表示“否则”，故选C。 答案　C 12．A.attention B．resistance C．attraction D．criticism 解析　句意：陈的故事获得了媒体的关注。根据后文“People were moved”可知，此处指她的故事获得了媒体的关注。故选A。attention注意；resistance抵抗，反抗；attraction吸引力；criticism 批评，批判，指责。 答案　A 13．A.apartment B．mind C．store D．aid 解析　句意：人们被感动了，来帮助她。根据后文“People cared for me”可知，此处指人们来帮助她。故选D。 答案　D 14．A.luck B．ability C．idea D．courage 解析　此处表示“我必须保持身体健康，这样我才有能力偿还贷款”。根据后文“to pay back the loans”可知，此处指保持健康从而有能力偿还贷款。故选B。 答案　B 15．A.pass on B．give away C．pass up D．give up 解析　此处表示“人们关心我，我想把那种关心传递下去”。根据前文“People cared for me”并结合选项可知，此处指她想把那种关心传递下去。故选A。pass on传递； give away赠送； pass up放弃； give up投降。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$