Unit3 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Traffic reaches its peak　(顶峰) between 8：00 and 9：00 in the morning every day. 2．On the corner of the crossroads　(十字路口) lies a shopping mall, where you can get everything you need. 3．The online course offers good coverage　(覆盖范围) of all the subjects in the College Entrance Examination. 4．In the centre of the hall stood a wooden statue　(雕像), decorated in ivory and gold. 5．One of the glorious　(辉煌的) moments in my school life was when I was awarded the Mayor's Award. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The Chinese style wrestling is an important part of national culture which has a long and glorious (glory) history. 2．The four great inventions of Ancient China are testimony to people's intelligence in Ancient China. 3．The other day we paid a visit to an ancient building built in Rome, dating　(date) back to the sixth century. 4．The herdsman decided to seal up the hole in the sheepfold to prevent sheep from losing. 5．With time going by, most of childhood memories have faded from her mind. 6．Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength　(strong) have helped you face challenges in your life. 7．Online sales of products from rural areas have grown dramatically thanks to the rapid expansion of Internet coverage　(cover) in the countryside. 8．You can buy some fresh flowers to decorate your room, as they can bring a dull room back to life. 9．The law states that everyone has the right to practise their own religion (religious). 10．Hong Kong airport, “the Gateway to the World”， as it proudly calls itself, is one of the busiest airports in the world. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 1．考虑到学生们需要更多的锻炼，校长已决定增加更多体育课。(given that) 　Given that the students need more exercise　， the head teacher has decided to add more PE classes. 2．在这座山的顶部，坐落着一座可追溯至唐朝的古老庙宇。(全部倒装) On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple dating back to/dating from the Tang Dynasty. 3．Because he focused his attention on his homework, he didn't know what was happening outside. →　With his attention focused on his homework　， he didn't know what was happening outside.(with 复合结构) Ⅳ.课文语法填空 On the old Silk Road, Dunhuang was the gateway 1.　to and from Ancient China and a place where East met West. Dunhuang's long and glorious history 2.　represents (represent) its significance as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange.Today, Dunhuang is a world­class tourist destination 3.　boasting　(boast)sites with UNESCO­protected heritage status, of which a famous tourist 4.　attraction (attract)is the Mogao Grottoes.The paintings and other artworks in these caves display how the Silk Road brought East and West together.Among the Dunhuang murals, a unique type shows the Apsaras.The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty and these 5.　images (image) are full of life, reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time. In a 6.　sealed (seal) cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, were hidden thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries.The hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang 7.　when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as 8.　prosperous (prosper) as it used to be.9.　Fortunately (fortunate)，this century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.Dunhuang has once again become 10.　a global crossroads. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction.However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction.They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road. The Silk Road was not a simple trading network.It passed through thousands of cities and towns.It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea.It was used from about 200 BC to about 1300 AD, when sea travel offered new routes.It was sometimes called the world's longest highway.However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path.They passed through what are now 18 countries.The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles.Only experienced traders could return safe. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product.Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods.But the traders carried more than just silk.Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West.Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft different trees together to make new kinds of fruit.They passed this science on to others, including the Romans.The Romans used grafting to grow the apple.Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2，000 years before the World Wide Web.The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods.They also shared their beliefs.The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代丝绸之路的发展，具体介绍了丝绸之路的由来、途经的国家和人们通过丝绸之路进行的贸易往来以及丝绸之路为东西方贸易发展和文化传播发挥的重要作用。 1．What is required to be traders along the Silk Road? A．Remembering the entire trade route. B．Dealing with a lot of difficulties. C．Receiving certain special training. D．Knowing the making of products. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They passed through ...could return safe.”可知，丝绸之路上的商人需要处理很多困难。故选B。 答案　B 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Silk was the most prized product. B．The Silk Road led to worldwide business. C．People traded many goods along the route. D．The Silk Road used to be the world's longest highway. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，丝绸之路得名于它最珍贵的产品。来自欧洲的金、银和玻璃大多在中东和亚洲被发现。其他地区的马匹交易改变了中国的农耕方式。由此可知，第三段的主要内容是丝绸之路带动了世界范围内的贸易。故选B。 答案　B 3．How does the new technology travel along the Silk Road? A．Trading goods along the route. B．Sharing each others' beliefs. C．Learning from one another. D．Making a living by traveling. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Chinese had learned ...used grafting to grow the apple.”可知，中国人已经学会了把不同的树嫁接在一起，制造新的水果品种。他们把这门科学传给了其他人，包括罗马人。再根据最后一句可知，丝绸之路为学习、外交和宗教提供了途径。由此可知，新技术是通过互相学习沿着丝绸之路传播的。故选C。 答案　C 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Silk Road：East Meets West B．The Silk Road：Past and Present C.The Silk Road：Routes Full of Dangers D．The Silk Road：Pathways for Learning 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了古代丝绸之路，全文围绕古丝绸之路促进了中西方的货物、技术和文化交流，说明了丝绸之路为世界贸易发展和文化传播所起到的重要作用，是东西方之间的桥梁。故A选项“丝绸之路：东西方交汇”最符合文章标题。故选 A。 答案　A B Suppose you are out shopping and come across an acquaintance who starts telling you a story that seems to be dragging on and on.You want to seem interested, so you offer the occasional “Oh” or “I see”．To your surprise, though, this person angrily stops and says, “Sorry if I'm boring you！” Where did this come from? Clearly, your body language must have betrayed you.The idea that verbal and nonverbal messages can conflict was the inspiration for a recently published study from Yale University's Lucylle Armentano.As part of her study of communication in close relationships, Armentano's research also examined channels of communication for people meeting for the first time. To test the role of the verbal­nonverbal mismatch on emotional communication, Armentano and her partner created experimental conditions to see what happens when someone asks for help from strangers.The research team created videotapes of a fellow Yale student expressing nervousness in his words, bodily gestures, or both.The bodily gestures included running his hands through his hair, grabbing his arm, and facially expressing uneasiness.The key question was whether the participants, another 82 Yale students, would believe the student and provide the help he was requesting.They needed to give their responses. Turning to the findings, those nonverbal cues(暗示) of nervousness had a greater impact on helping behaviour than the verbal cues.Surprisingly, helping behaviour was the highest when verbal expressions of nervousness were low but nonverbal cues were high. Recognizing that your body language can outweigh your words means that you need to be mindful of what your body is doing when you're interacting with others.Generally, when someone is speaking to you, you want to look like you're interested.Not only should you maintain eye contact, but you should keep your body still and face toward the other person.If you're not trying to look interested, it may be more polite to say you have to be somewhere else. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了耶鲁大学的Lucylle Armentano最近发表的一项研究，研究表明与人互动时，你的肢体语言可能会胜过你的口头语言。 5．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The obvious advantages of body language. B．A situation where body language is a must. C．An example of the verbal­nonverbal mismatch. D．The proper way to interact with old friends. 解析　段落大意题。根据文章第一段最后两句可知，这是一个语言和行为不一致的一个例子，即语言和非语言不匹配的例子。故选C项。 答案　C 6．What were the 82 Yale students asked to do? A．Express nervousness in their words. B．Identify the types of body language. C．Try to win the nervous student's trust. D．Respond to the nervous student's request. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The key question was whether the participants, another 82 Yale students, would believe the student and provide the help he was requesting.They needed to give their responses”可知，这82名耶鲁学生被要求对那个焦虑不安的学生的要求作出回应。故选 D 项。 答案　D 7．What played the most important role in helping the student win kindness? A．His sincere verbal expressions. B．His bodily gestures of nervousness. C．His positive attitude to nervousness. D．His good manners in front of others. 解析　B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Surprisingly, helping behaviour was the highest when verbal expressions of nervousness were low but nonverbal cues were high”可知，非语言暗示，即肢体动作是那个学生得到帮助最重要的因素。故选B项。 答案　B 8．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A．Make some predictions. B．Offer some suggestions. C．Present some facts. D．Give some warnings. 解析　B推理判断题。结合最后一段内容尤其是“Recognizing that your body language can outweigh your words means that you need to be mindful of what your body is doing when you're interacting with others”可推知，作者在本段主要是给出一些针对性的建议。故选B项。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 1 the course earlier than she did. Her 2 came because she was carrying a 3 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her 4 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 5 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 6 . She couldn't. Bailey then 7 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 9 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 10 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. As for Bailey, she is more 11 about why her act is considered a big 12 . “She was just crying. I couldn't 13 her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 14 ， they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 15 of human kindness won the day. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Bailey在10月11日的越野赛中因为帮助一个对手而延误到达终点。虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但人性善良的展示赢得了最终胜利。 1．A.designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 解析　根据上文提到的成百上千的选手在越野赛中竞争可知，Bailey参加了比赛；根据下文的“earlier than she did”“across the finish line”可知，此处指Bailey本应该要早一点完成(finished)比赛的。should have finished...意思是“本应该完成……”。design“设计”；follow“跟随”；change“改变”。故答案为D项。 答案　D 2．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 解析　根据“because she was carrying a across the finish line”以及下文描述可知，Bailey因为帮助竞争对手而耽搁(delay)了。chance“机会”；trouble“困难”；excuse“借口”。故答案为A项。 答案　A 3．A.judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 解析　根据第二段的“when a runner...Danielle Lenoue” “Bailey then to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Bailey背着她的竞争对手(competitor)通过了终点线。judge“裁判员，法官”；volunteer“志愿者”；classmate“同学”。故答案为D项。 答案　D 4．A. race B．school C．town D．training 解析　根据上文的“more than two­thirds of the way”以及下文的“a runner in front of her”可知，此处指她的比赛(race)。故答案为A项。 答案　A 5．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 解析　根据下文的“to help her fellow runner”可知，此处指Bailey停下来(stopped)去帮助她的竞争对手。agree“同意”；return“返回”；promise“答应”。故答案为C项。 答案　C 6．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 解析　根据上文的“Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward”可知，此处指Bailey抓着Lenoue的胳膊想看看在她的帮助(aid)下Lenoue是不是可以向前走。courage“勇气”；patience“耐心”；advice“建议”。故答案为B项。 答案　B 7．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 解析　根据下文的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，此处是指Bailey弯腰(bent down)让Lenoue爬到她的背上。go away“离开”；stand up“起立”；step aside“站到一边，下台，让位”。故答案为D项。 答案　D 8．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal 解析　根据下文的“Once there, Lenoue was and later taken to a hospital”以及“that aid checkpoint”可知，Bailey把Lenoue背到一个她可以得到医疗处理(medical attention)的地方。public“公众的”；constant“不断的”；equal“平等的”。故答案为A项。 答案　A 9．A.interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 解析　根据下文的“that aid checkpoint”可知，这个地方是进行医疗处理的地方，同时根据“later taken to a hospital”可知，Lenoue在这里先接受评估(assessed)，然后被送往医院。interrupt“打断”；identify“识别”；appreciate“感激”。 答案　B 10．A.hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 解析　根据上文的“crying in pain”“she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue会在极度疼痛(pain)中挣扎着到达那个医疗检查点。tiredness“疲劳”。故答案为B项。 答案　B 11．A.worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 解析　根据下文的“why her act is considered a big ”和“I feel...the right thing”可知，Bailey是很疑惑的(confused)。worried“担心的”；ashamed“羞愧的”；discouraged“泄气的”。故答案为C项。 答案　C 12．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 解析　根据下文Bailey对记者说的话可以看出，Bailey对其他人认为她的行为是一件重要的大事(a big deal)很不理解。故答案为D项。 答案　D 13．A.leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 解析　根据上文的“to help her fellow runner”以及“She was just crying”可知，这里是指Bailey不能丢下(leave)她。cure“治愈”；bother“打扰”。 答案　A 14．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show 解析　根据上文可知，她们两个在这个比赛(meet)之前是不认识的。ride“骑行”；test“测试”；show“演出”。故答案为C项。 答案　C 15．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 解析　根据全文的描述可知，这里指的是人性善良的展示(display)赢得了最终胜利。benefit“益处”；exchange“交换”。故答案为B项。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$