Unit2 Section3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She lovingly stroked　(抚摸) Chris' face with the tips of her fingers. 2．Hearing the bad news, the girl's eyes were full of fear and despair　(绝望). 3．Fresh fruits and vegetables are luxuries　(奢侈品) for people living in a mountainous area. 4．It's sometimes considered bad manners to lean　(倚，靠) on the table when you're eating. 5．　Absurd　(荒唐的) as it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 6．She was holding her arms outstretched (张开的) to warm her hands. 7．What surprised the police was that he crammed　(挤满) ten people into his car. 8．Quite different from the big city, air in the countryside is always pure　(纯净的). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We often put off tasks until the last moment, only completing them in a rush at the last possible moment. 2．Ron bent down, with his hand outstretched (outstretch), but Harry seized his arm and pulled him back. 3．The room crammed (cram)with priceless furniture and works of art surprises us greatly. 4．I was completely terrified when I suddenly saw a dark figure leaning　(lean) against the door in front of me. 5．He suggested we set off for the station immediately.Otherwise, we would miss the train. 6．Hearing the news that she was admitted to the university, she burst out crying　(cry) with excitement. 7．As far as I'm concerned, education shouldn't be measured purely　(pure) by examination results. 8．It is reported that increasing incomes push consumers to buy luxurious (luxury)goods that they actually don't need. 9．All the villagers went out in search of the lost boy, but in vain. 10．Children are born as natural scientists and they are instinctively　(instinctive) eager to investigate the world around them. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．吉姆和你一样不仔细，这让老师很生气。(no＋比较级＋than) 　Jim is no more careful than you are　， which makes the teacher very upset. 2．我姐姐学习如此努力，以至于高分通过了所有考试。(so...as to) My sister worked so hard as to pass all her tests with excellent marks. 3．我们最值得自豪的不在于永不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒后都站了起来。(every time) Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fall　. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 The Blue Bird is a play written by Maeterlinck.This play was the 1.　most popular　(popular) one among all his plays and has been 2.　widely　(wide) translated and adapted all over the world.3.　Performed　(perform) in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first foreign play staged in China.Maeterlinck 4.　won　(win) the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1911. The Blue Bird is a typical full­length play, 5.　which means it has several acts and each act is composed of several scenes.Various characters appear in different acts and scenes, and the settings and costumes change 6.　accordingly　(according).This play tells the tale of brother and sister，Tyltyl and Mytyl，as they are sent by a fairy 7.　to search　(search) for the Blue Bird of Happiness.The children's adventure takes them through many magical places 8.　before they at last find the Blue Bird in a most unexpected place. The central idea of the play is that happiness is to be found not in 9.　luxuries　(luxury) such as wealth，10.　but in simple things that are found in family life, and in acts of friendship and kindness. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Sometimes life can seem challenging (挑战的)and we usually get the feeling of “　the grass on the other side is always greener　”！ We usually feel upset with the troubles that life throws at us. The best thing to do at that point of time is to close our eyes and start counting of all the blessings in life. If we think deeply, our life is full of blessings that we hardly recognize.Listening to the singing of birds early in the morning, we realize that there are many people who spend their life in a world that is silent while many others spend their lives in a world that is dark and may have never seen a rainbow or the setting sun. When you go out for a drive, pull down the window and look at the poor beggar standing under the hot sun, begging for filling his hungry stomach.We get three meals a day without realizing its importance.Isn't that a blessing? Whenever you are sad, look at the eyes of your parents and family filled with love and concern for you.There are many people who have never experienced the love of a family.Isn't that a blessing? As Mother Teresa once said, “We don't need to do great things.We need to do small things with great love.” The key to a happy life is when we consider others' problems to be our own and try to help them.When we love people without any expectations and help them, our heart is filled with a sense of happiness and peace seeing the smile on their face. So the next time whenever life knocks you down, close your eyes and...start counting! [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了生活中充满挑战，为此我们会感到沮丧，有时会这山望着那山高，其实我们只需要数数我们被给予的福气就会懂得知足。 1．What does the author intend to tell us? A．True happiness lies in achieving wealth. B．Blessings should be treasured in our life. C．The singing of birds can make us happy. D．Love from our family gives us courage to face life. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在那个时候，最好的办法就是闭上眼睛，开始数数我们生命中的所有福气。作者告诉我们福气应该在我们的生命中得到珍惜。故选B。 答案　B 2．What does the underlined part “the grass on the other side is always greener” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．However happy we are, we never seem to be satisfied. B．Though we are rich, we are poor in mind. C．We can have a better life if we work harder. D．There exists greener grass on the other side. 解析　句意猜测题。根据第一段可知有时生活似乎很有挑战性，我们通常会有这样的感觉“这山望着那山高”！我们通常对生活中遇到的麻烦感到心烦意乱。因此画线句子的意思是“无论我们多么快乐，我们似乎从不满足”。故选A。 答案　A 3．What can be learned from the text? A．We have already known that life is filled with blessings. B．It is a blessing to have three meals a day. C．It's natural to see a rainbow or the setting sun in life. D．Mother Teresa calls on us to do great things in life. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“We get three meals a day without realizing its importance.Isn't that a blessing？”我们一天吃三顿饭却没有意识到它的重要性。那难道不是一种福气吗？换句话说，我们能一日吃三餐就是一种福气。故选B。 答案　B 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Troubles in Life B．Secrets of Life C．A Sense of Happiness D．Count Your Blessings 解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段可知，在那个时候，最好的办法就是闭上眼睛，开始数数我们生命中的所有福气。根据最后一段可知，所以下次当生活把你打倒的时候，闭上你的眼睛，开始数数(我们被给予的福气)！故选D。 答案　D B In 1970, psychologist Walter Mischel famously placed a cookie in front of each of a group of children and gave them a choice: they could eat the cookie immediately, or they could wait until he returned and then be rewarded with a second.If they didn't wait, however, they'd be allowed to eat only the first one.Not surprisingly, once he left the room, many children ate their cookie almost immediately.A few, though, resisted eating the first cookie long enough to receive the second.Mischel termed these children high­delay children. Interestingly, the children who were best able to delay gratification (满足) later did better in school and had fewer behavioural problems than the children who could only resist eating the cookie for a few minutes—and, further, ended up on average with SAT scores that were 210 points higher.As adults, the high­delay children completed college at higher rates than the other children and then went on to earn higher incomes.In contrast, the children who had the most trouble delaying gratification had higher rates of incarceration (监禁) as adults and were more likely to struggle with drug and alcohol addiction. All suggests that the ability to delay gratification—that is, desire control—may be one of the most important skills to learn to have a satisfying and successful life.The question is, how do we learn it? The answer may lie in the strategies Mischel's high­delay children used.Rather than resist the urge to eat the cookie, these children distracted (转移) themselves from the urge itself.They played with toys in the room, sang songs to themselves, and looked everywhere but at the cookie.In short, they did everything they could to put the cookie out of their minds. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实验，发明了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对我们的个人成长有很大的借鉴意义。 5. What should the children do to get a second cookie? A．They should leave later. B．They should wait longer. C．They should arrive earlier. D．They should study harder. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，若想得到第二块饼干，这些孩子需要做的是等待外出的Walter Mischel回来。 答案　B 6．What's the second paragraph mainly about? A．How to be high­delay children. B．How high­delay children succeed. C．The problems with low­delay children. D．The advantages of high­delay children. 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，那些擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后学习成绩更好，有较少的行为问题，同时也挣得更多；同时也附带说明那些不擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后出问题的概率更高。 答案　D 7．Why did Walter Mischel give each of the children a cookie? A．To educate them. B．To do a research. C．To entertain them. D．To conduct a survey. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Walter Mischel在实验中先给每个孩子一块饼干，后来对这些孩子又进行了跟踪研究，观察他们长大后的表现。 答案　B 8．What should we do to delay gratification according to the author? A．Set another new goal. B．Try to control the desire. C．Give up what you want completely. D．Forget what attracts you temporarily. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者指出，掌握延迟满足能力的关键在于向Walter Mischel实验中的那些孩子学习——不是可以抵制欲望，而是转移注意力。 答案　D Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·济南三模)It was a regular day for high school teacher Cesar Punzalan.When he walked into the classroom，his students 1 him as usual.As he stood behind his desk，ready to start the class，a student 2 a brown box on his table.Slowly，Punzalan removed the cover and was 3 ．There was a pair of brand­new 4 inside the box.As expected，Punzalan couldn't control his 5 and burst into tears. Several months ago，the students learned that Mr Punzalan had to walk for one hour daily to school. 6 ，that wasn't all.He had a sick child at home.His thoughtful students 7 he had been coming to school in worn­out shoes for a long time.They 8 that maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes because his salary was going toward his kid's 9 ．Or perhaps he wanted to see how long his 10 shoes would last.Whatever the real reasons，his students 11 to help in any way possible. 12 ，they purchased a lovely gift for Mr Punzalan，sharing the kindness with him. While he struggled to talk，a sense of 13 was written all over his face.He considered himself 14 to be blessed with so many sweet students! Teachers play an important role in our life.They 15 the same love and care as we show to our parents. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了因为家中有生病孩子要治疗，教师蓬扎兰不舍得花钱给自己买鞋，他的学生们通过帮他买了一双新鞋来表达对他的热爱和尊敬的故事。 1．A.congratulated B．greeted C．respected D．inspired 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.congratulated祝贺；B.greeted欢迎；C.respected尊敬；D.inspired鼓舞。根据后文“As he stood behind his desk，ready to start the class”可知，当他站在讲桌后准备讲课时，根据常识推断出学生们在上课前会欢迎老师。故选B项。 答案　B 2．A.painted B．found C．slipped D．threw 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.painted绘画；B.found发现；C.slipped迅速放置；D.threw扔。根据后文“Punzalan removed the cover”可知，蓬扎兰打开了盒盖，说明学生把盒子迅速放在他的桌子上，slip意为“迅速放置”，符合句意。故选C项。 答案　C 3．A.annoyed B．frightened C．relieved D．surprised 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。A.annoyed生气的；B.frightened感到害怕的；C.relieved感到宽慰的；D.surprised感到惊讶的。根据后文“As expected，Punzalan couldn't control his and brust into tears.”可知，蓬扎兰控制不住情绪，流泪了，说明他对于这个礼物很惊讶。故选D项。 答案　D 4．A.shoes B．glasses C．gloves D．socks 解析　考查名词词义辨析。A.shoes鞋；B.glasses眼镜；C.gloves手套；D.socks袜子。根据后文“maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes”可知，学生认为蓬扎兰不愿意买新鞋，推断出学生送给他一双新鞋。故选A项。 答案　A 5．A.likes B．emotions C．worries D．thoughts 解析　考查名词词义辨析。A.likes喜好；B.emotions情绪；C.worries担忧；D.thoughts想法。根据后文“burst into tears”可知，蓬扎兰泪流满面说明他无法控制自己的情绪。故选B项。 答案　B 6．A.Actually B．Originally C．Normally D．Briefly 解析　考查副词词义辨析。A.Actually事实上；B.Originally起初；C.Normally正常地；D.Briefly简单地。根据后文“He had a sick child at home.”可知，蓬扎兰不仅要走路一个小时去上班，家里还有一个生病的孩子，说明事实上他走路上班不仅是他遇到的全部的困难。故选A项。 答案　A 7．A.agreed B．denied C．forgot D．learnt 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.agreed同意；B.denied否认；C.forgot忘记；D.learnt得知。根据后文“he had been coming to school in worn­out shoes for a long time”可知，他穿破旧的鞋子上班已经很久了是学生们得知的情况。故选D项。 答案　D 8．A.figured B．complained C．admitted D．recalled 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.figured认为；B.complained抱怨；C.admitted准许进入；D.recalled回忆。根据后文“maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes because his salary was going toward his kid's ”可知，学生认为蓬扎兰不愿意买新鞋。故选A项。 答案　A 9．A.interest B．education C．treatment D．insurance 解析　考查名词词义辨析。A.interest兴趣；B.education教育；C.treatment治疗；D.insurance保险。根据前文“He had a sick child at home.”可知，他有一个生病的孩子，推断出他不买新鞋的原因可能是要用钱给孩子治疗疾病。故选C项。 答案　C 10．A.fancy B．strange C．cheap D．old 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。A.fancy精致的；B.strange奇怪的；C.cheap便宜的；D.old破旧的。根据前文“worn­out shoes”可知，他穿的鞋子是破旧的。故选D项。 答案　D 11．A.happened B．determined C．continued D．hesitated 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.happened发生；B.determined决定；C.continued继续；D.hesitated犹豫。根据前文“Mr Punzalan had to walk for one hour daily to school”及“He had a sick child at home.”可知，蓬扎兰不仅要走一个小时的路程上班还有一个生病的孩子在家里，说明学生们决定以任何可能的方式帮助蓬扎兰。故选B项。 答案　B 12．A.Yet B．Thus C．Otherwise D．Instead 解析　考查副词词义辨析。A.Yet但是；B.Thus因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Instead相反。前文“his students to help in any way possible.”及后文“they purchased a lovely gift for Mr Punzalan，sharing the kindness with him.”可知，因为学生们想要以任何可能的形式来帮助蓬扎兰，所以他们购买了礼物，前后文构成因果关系，thus意为“因此”，符合句意。故选B项。 答案　B 13．A.loss B．guilt C．responsibility D．happiness 解析　考查名词词义辨析。A.loss损失；B.guilt罪行；C.responsibility责任；D.happiness幸福。根据后文“He considered himself to be blessed with so many sweet students！”可知，他认为自己很幸运，能被这么多可爱的学生祝福，说明他感到幸福。故选D项。 答案　D 14．A.different B．fortunate C．impressive D．successful 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。A.different不同的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.successful成功的。根据后文“to be blessed with so many sweet students”可知，他被这么多可爱的学生祝福，说明他觉得自己很幸运。故选B项。 答案　B 15．A.deserve B．spread C．require D．admire 解析　考查动词词义辨析。A.deserve值得；B.spread传播；C.require要求；D.admire欣赏。根据前文“Teachers play an important role in our life.”可知，老师在我们的生命中很重要，说明他们值得我们对父母同样的爱和关怀。故选A项。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$