Unit2 Section1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The abnormal　(反常的) bleeding is your body's own red flag of danger.You'd better go and get a comprehensive physical examination. 2．In the past few years, we've seen works by Chinese sci­fi writers winning international recognition　(认可). 3．Examine yourself and remove the pessimistic　(悲观的) thoughts and habits that hold you back. 4．The boys have been anticipating　(期待) meeting their favorite football player in person. 5．With the widespread　(广泛的) use of the Internet, communications across the world have steadily developed over the years. 6．It is believed that happiness does not consist in how many possessions　(财产) you own. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·潍坊期末)Once thick with extremely tall pines, the hills now are beyond recognition　(recognize). 2．If you are willing to study in China, get in touch with me and I will help you whenever you need me. 3．As the phrase goes, “Don't put all your eggs in one basket.” So you had better not invest all your possessions　(possess) in the property market. 4．Since the 1990s, the role of the government in economic development has (been)weakened　(weaken), while the role of the market has increased. 5．After a separation of more than 20 years, she and her youngest son were finally allowed to be reunited with their family. 6．The article provides insights into the causes of the present economic crisis. 7．Concentrate on the main points of the argument and try not to get distracted (distract) by incidental details. 8．(2024·吉林一中期中)We've got so much work to get through in such a short tie that we have to work extra hours every day. 9．She had great pressure at work recently, which may account for her abnormal　(normal) behavior. 10．Since you know that there is no point in complaining, why don't you live life to the full? Ⅲ.完成句子 1．她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来。(as if) 　It looked as if she had just come back from outer space. 2．发现自己写的文章被刊登在一本杂志上对她来说是一个巨大的惊喜。(It作形式主语) 　It was a great surprise for her to find her article published in a magazine. 3．这个方法被认为是非常有效的， 由你来决定是否用它。(up to) The method is thought to be very efficient and it's up to you to decide whether to use it or not　. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Tuesdays with Morrie deals with the meaning of life and how 1.　to live　(live) it.Some readers have given their reviews of this book. In the view of Arthur K, the book is more about life than death.Being 2.　weakened　(weak) by a severe illness, Morrie anticipates his own death and begins to observe everything as though through new eyes.Morrie's 3.　bravery　(brave) towards the end of his life is inspirational, which 4.　encourages　(encourage) us to appreciate what we have, and to make the most of each day. For Amy Wang, this book gives her a 5.　deeper (deep) insight into the world than ever and enables her to see things from a different point of view.What Morrie says and does makes her realize that 6.　making (make) a lot of money won't always make us happy and that it's up to us to find out 7.　what is important in our lives and establish our own 8.　values　(value). As far as Marty is concerned, the book is just made up of a collection of over­emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated.9.　However， he recommends that people read it.After all, it is something that's a bit different. In the eyes of Vivian, the book is about Morrie's reflections on love and friendship, teaching us to always keep in touch 10.　with the good people we meet as we go through life. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I was selfish as a teenager.I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs.I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college.I let my mom and dad worry about my bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination.This didn't change even when I went to college either.I studied hard but only to make my own life better.Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness. I married after graduation and decided to start a family.Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul.Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way.I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me. Still, I didn't give up on happiness.I knew that there must be a way to find it.I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires.The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born.I got a bottle and held him in my arms.As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes.I smiled and talked to him.Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love.I felt such peace and joy.At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness. Carolyn Arends wrote: “The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets.The more love you get, the more love you have to give.It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring.Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主要讲述作者自己的经历：由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，明白“爱他人即幸福”的道理。 1．What do we know about the author from the first paragraph? A．He often helped his brother with housework. B．He studied hard for his family. C．He was concerned about his family. D．He put his own needs above others'. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“let my older brother do most of the work” “let my mom and dad worry about my bills and problems” “This didn't change even when I went to college either” “I studied hard but only to make my own life better” “it was only to increase my own happiness”可知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事时总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑。故选D。 答案　D 2．What did the author realize after he suffered in life? A．Spoiled people can't survive the hardship of life. B．Spoiled people are never happy in life. C．Life is cruel to spoiled people. D．Selfishness is helpful. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way.I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于感受到生活对自私者是残忍的。故选C。 答案　C 3．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The author loved kids. B．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired. C.The author realized the importance of happiness. D．The author often fed his baby. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes...it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.”可知，作者在照料孩子的过程中，通过自悟，了解到通往幸福的途径是心中充满爱。故选B。 答案　B 4．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets C．Help Others, Help Oneself D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述作者自己的经历：由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，明白“爱他人即幸福”的道理。故选A。 答案　A B In a study published in Nature Communications, researchers from the University of Zurich told 50 people they'd be receiving about $100.Half of the people were asked to spend that money on themselves, and half were asked to spend it on someone they knew.Before giving out any money, the researchers brought everyone into the lab and asked them to think about a friend they'd like to give a gift to and how much they would spend.They then performed functional MRI scans (扫描) to measure activities in three parts of the brain related to social behaviour, generosity, happiness and decision­making. Their choices—and their brain activities—seemed to depend on how they had promised to spend the money earlier.Those who had promised to spend money on other people tended to make more generous decisions throughout the experiment.They also had more interaction (相互作用) between the parts of the brain related to altruism (无私) and happiness, and they reported higher levels of happiness after the experiment was over. Another piece of good news was that planning to give away just a little bit of money had the same effects on happiness as giving away a lot.“At least in our study, the amount spent did not matter，” says lead author Philippe Tobler.“Even little things have a beneficial effect—like bringing coffee to one's workmates.” It's not yet clear how long these warm feelings last after being generous.But studies have shown that older people who are generous tend to have better health, says Tobler, and other research has suggested that spending money on others can be effective at lowering blood pressure.“Moreover, there is a positive connection between helping others and life expectancy (预期寿命)，” he adds. Next time you think that the best way to make yourself feel better is to buy yourself a treat, consider that the opposite is likely true.“It is worth giving it a try, even if you think it would not work，” Tobler says.“Repeated practice is probably needed so that giving becomes second nature.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，慷慨使人更快乐、更健康。 5．What did the researchers find out about those promising to spend money on other people? A．They were much happier. B．They had less brain activities. C．They were slower at making decisions. D．They experienced higher levels of stress. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，那些承诺将钱花给他人的人感觉更快乐，幸福感更强。 答案　A 6．What does Tobler want to illustrate by mentioning bringing coffee to workmates? A．It isn't hard to behave generously. B．Being generous will pay off in the end. C．The amount of generosity did not matter. D．Small acts of generosity can be seen everywhere. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Tobler认为慷慨的程度并不会影响快乐，他通过给同事带咖啡的例子说明即使微小的慷慨之举也能带来快乐。 答案　C 7．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．Ways to show generosity. B．Health benefits of being generous. C．Reasons for performing acts of generosity. D．Influences generous people have on others. 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要讲述了慷慨有益于健康。 答案　B 8．What does Tobler suggest people do in the last paragraph? A．Practice giving and make it a habit. B．Don't expect anything in return when giving. C．Don't believe happiness depends on a good treat. D．Perform something good even if it may have a bad result. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Tobler认为人们在生活中应该尝试给予，并让它成为一种习惯。 答案　A Ⅱ.完形填空 I can remember once when I was just a little boy, I sat on a chair and watched as my mum painstakingly 1 a large, homemade quilt (被子).I looked over at one edge of the quilt being sewed and saw a piece of thread 2 ．Without thinking I reached over to 3 it. “No！” yelled my mum.I jumped back.That was the first time I can ever remember her yelling at me.Seeing the 4 look on my face, she smiled and 5 showed me why she had yelled.That piece of thread 6 in and out, making its way from one end of the quilt to the other.If I had pulled it out, I might have torn the entire quilt and 7 hours of work. As I look back on that 8 today, I can see that each of our lives is like that 9 ．We are all just a 10 string in the tapestry (挂毯) of life.We can't always 11 where we are going or what we are connected to.If we pull ourselves out of it, we will leave a 12 in it. Don't feel lost in the tapestry of life then.Embrace your 13 in it.You may 14 be a single piece of thread but your love and your life help to 15 the whole thing together. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者小时候看到妈妈缝制被子时，有一根线伸出来了，作者想去拉那根线，被妈妈呵斥。妈妈告诉作者，如果把那根线拔出来，可能会把整个被子都扯破，毁了几个小时的工作。作者由这件事联想到我们的生活。你可能只是一根线，但你的爱和你的生活帮助把整个事情维系在一起。 1．A.sewed B．ironed C．folded D．measured 解析　句意：我还记得，当我还是个小男孩的时候，我坐在椅子上，看着妈妈煞费苦心地缝制一床自制的大被子。根据后文“I looked over at one edge of the quilt being sewed ”可知，此处指妈妈在缝制被子。sew缝制；iron熨烫； fold折叠；measure测量。 答案　A 2．A.winding up B．laid aside C．sticking out D．wrapped up 解析　句意：我看了看正在缝的被子的一边，看到有一根线伸出来。根据后文“That piece of thread in and out，”可知，被子一边有一根线伸出来了。wind up上发条，停止；lay aside搁置，放一边；stick out伸出；wrap up包裹。 答案　C 3．A.curl B．pull C．tie D．break 解析　句意：我想都没想就伸手去拉。由下文“If I had pulled it out，”可知，因为被子的线头出来了，所以作者伸手去拉线头。curl卷曲；pull拉；tie系； break打破。 答案　B 4．A.depressed B．disappointed C．terrified D．annoyed 解析　句意：看到我脸上惊恐的表情，她微笑着，温柔地告诉我她为什么大声喊叫。根据前文“‘No！’ yelled my mum.I jumped back.That was the first time I can ever remember her yelling at me.”可知，因为这是妈妈第一次对作者大声喊叫，所以作者感到惊恐。depressed沮丧的；disappointed失望的； terrified惊恐的；annoyed生气的。 答案　C 5．A.gently B．reluctantly C．roughly D．eagerly 解析　句意：根据前文“she smiled ”可知，妈妈温柔地向作者解释自己喊叫的原因。gently温柔地；reluctantly不情愿地；roughly粗略地，大致地； eagerly渴望地。 答案　A 6．A.wove B．followed C．ran D．circled 解析　句意：那根线在被子里进进出出，从被子的一头穿到另一头。根据前文描述可知，因为作者的妈妈在缝制被子，所以此处指线在被子中被缝进缝出。weave (用手或机器)编，织； follow跟随；run奔跑；circle圈出。 答案　A 7．A.stopped B．ruined C．repaid D．disturbed 解析　句意：如果我把它拔出来，我可能会把整个被子都扯破，毁了几个小时的工作。根据前文“I might have torn the entire quilt”可知，因为可能把被子扯破，所以这样会毁掉几个小时的工作。 答案　B 8．A.behavior B．emotion C．response D．moment 解析　句意：今天，当我回顾那一刻，我认识到我们每个人的生活就像那根线。由后文描述可知，此处表示作者回忆过去的那一刻。 答案　D 9．A.quilt B．thread C．scene D．work 解析　根据后文“We are all just a string in the tapestry of life.”可知，此处指妈妈缝被子的线。 答案　B 10．A.special B．strong C．straight D．single 解析　句意：我们都只是生命挂毯上的一根细绳。根据后文“You may be a single piece of thread”可知，指的是一根细绳。 答案　D 11．A.recall B．believe C．see D．discuss 解析　句意：我们不能总是看到我们要去哪里，或者我们与什么联系在一起。根据后文“Don't feel lost in the tapestry of life then.”可知，空处需用动词see，表示我们不能总是看到我们要去哪里。 答案　C 12．A.blank B．hole C．line D．mark 解析　句意：如果我们把自己拉出来，就会在上面留下一个洞。前文描述说我们都只是生命挂毯上的一根细绳，再根据前文“If we pull ourselves out of it” 可知，如果我们从挂毯上把自己拉出来，上面会留下一个洞。 答案　B 13．A.change B．weakness C．power D．place 解析　句意：欣然接受你在挂毯中的位置。根据后文“You may be a single piece of thread ” 可知，此处表示要接受自己在挂毯中的位置。 答案　D 14．A.only B．surely C．still D．even 解析　句意：你可能只是一根线，但你的爱和你的生活把整个事情维系在一起。突出强调你可能只是挂毯上的一根线。 答案　A 15．A.do B．press C．push D．hold 解析　根据后文“the whole thing together.”可知，你的爱和你的生活把整个事情维系在一起。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$