Unit1 Section2 Using language(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted (admit) free. 2．We can't put off buying　(buy) a new printer for our company.The one we have doesn't work. 3．The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants (participate) as they completed tests of creative thinking. 4．When making a big decision, we need enough time to weigh up all the advantages and disadvantages. 5．That theory must be closely connected with practice is a basic rule we should always keep in mind. 6．In order to enrich our campus life, our school organized　(organize) a 5 km cross­country running race last Sunday. 7．In the past few years, China has made　(make) great contributions to environmental protection. 8．When I entered the classroom, the lecture had begun　(begin) and the audience were listening　(listen) carefully and with interest. 9．I am really exhausted.I have been painting　(paint) the living room all day, but there is still much to do. 10．At this time next year, I hope I will/shall be riding　(ride)my bicycle on the way to Beijing with you! Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．我向他保证我会独自完成这个项目，不会让他失望。 I assured him I would finish the project alone and that I wouldn't let him down　. 2．当我匆匆赶到学校时，老师已经走进教室了。 When I hurried to school, the teacher had come into the classroom　. 3．这是我第一次离开家这么长时间。 This is the first time that I have been away from my family for such a long time. 4．我不能帮助你做家务，因为我正在做作业。 I can't help you with the housework because I am doing my homework now. 5．当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常和同学们在操场上踢足球。 When I was a kid, I often played football with my classmates in the playground. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 With the holiday approaching, my colleagues said that they 1.　would spend　(spend) their holiday abroad.They were so excited that they 2.　were talking　(talk) about the schedules all the day.As for me, it 3.　has been　(be) ten years since I graduated from high school.I 4.　have been missing　(miss) my best friend Jane for the past years.Having booked the ticket to her city, I told her I 5.　would visit　(visit) her soon.She said that she 6.　had finished　(finish) her paper by last month and could afford the time.I 7.　have made　(make) a plan for the coming reunion.I thought we 8.　would be　(be) quite excited when we saw each other.Jane told me that she 9.　had been looking　(look) forward to meeting me for years.At this time tomorrow, we 10.　will be talking　(talk) with each other face to face, which makes me fail to fall asleep. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Louise Gluck has been no stranger to awards over her long and storied career, since her first publication in 1968.In 1993, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her collection of poems，The Wild Iris.And on Oct.8 she became the 16th woman to win the Nobel Prize in literature with the Nobel prizes first awarded in 1901. Gluck was honored for her unmistakable poetic voice that, with simple beauty, makes individual existence universal.Often said to be an autobiographical poet, drawing from the inner parts of her life, “Gluck is not to be regarded as a confessional (忏悔) poet.She seeks the universal，” Nobel Committee Chair Anders Olsson said in a statement. Gluck, 79, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss and isolation (孤独).Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”．However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson.“It is direct and ...also a voice full of humor，” he said. For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses the coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life after death.She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end.At the conclusion of the poem, readers are left to feel the “cool wind of the new world” as they watch a new spring.This is often the case in Gluck's poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time. Although she's already a well­known writer, experienced in exploring pain and healing (愈合), Gluck did feel honored to be given the famed Nobel award.However, when asked what the prize means to her, the lyric poet responded by saying, “It's too new...I don't know really what it means.” Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life. [语篇解读]　这是一篇人物类新闻报道。本文主要介绍了第16位女性诺贝尔文学奖得主露易丝·格丽克的诗歌写作成就、影响和写作特点等。 1．What do we know about Louise Gluck? A．She had her first collection published in 1993. B．Her poems are based on life experiences. C．The Wild Iris won her the Nobel Prize. D．She is a successful confessional poet. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Gluck, 79, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss and isolation.”可知，她的诗是以生活经历为基础写成的。 答案　B 2．What does Olsson think of Gluck's poems? A．They are too dark for readers. B．They focus on individual existence. C．They are frank and humorous in style. D．They are mainly about human personality. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“...there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson.‘It is direct and ...also a voice full of humor，’ he said.”可知，Olsson认为她的诗歌是坦率和幽默的。 答案　C 3．Why does the author mention Snowdrops in paragraph 4? A．To show the features of Gluck's poetry. B．To introduce the main plots of this poem. C.To describe Gluck's creativity in choosing themes. D．To explain Gluck's purpose in writing Snowdrops. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“This is often the case in Gluck's poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time.”可知，作者在第四段提到了Snowdrops，以显示格丽克诗歌坦率和幽默的特点。 答案　A 4．How does Gluck feel about winning the Nobel Prize? A．She is not qualified for the prize. B．She can't believe she got the prize. C．It makes a difference as expected. D．It may disturb her daily life. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, when asked what the prize means to her, the lyric poet responded by saying, ‘It's too new...I don't know really what it means.’ Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life.”可知，格丽克认为这可能会扰乱她的日常生活。 答案　D B Nowadays, there's lots of advice on how to give praise and positive comments to others, but few suggestions on how to receive the flattering (奉承) messages.Accepting praise can make many people feel like a fish out of water because even when we are proud of our achievements, we don't want to appear proud.This is exactly how I felt at my dad's birthday party. Just a few days before, I received my university results; my parents were so proud of me.On arrival, every guest already knew my grades.As the party went on, dozens of people greeted me with warm, heartfelt congratulations.I was surrounded by so much unexpected praise! Concerned about stealing my dad's spotlight, I tried to turn the kind attention away from myself and mention the background.I joked that the professor must have been in a very good mood when she marked my paper, and that I was just “lucky”． Few of us wish to appear vain.We may worry that our honour will cause envy from others.In the workplace, there's fear that praise might bring extra work and higher expectations.Now that your boss has seen you are a go­getter　， they're going to pile on the pressure! Looking back, the praise I received from the guests at the party was heartfelt.My degree hadn't helped them in any way so there was no duty for them to comment, but they still cared enough to say “well done”．Instead of ignoring the praise, I should comment on how kind they were for noticing, or how pleased I was with my achievements. Another good choice is to “forward” praise — perhaps other people played a part in your success and deserve to share the attention.If you're still lost for words, a simple “thank you” is the best way to go.So, the next time you get the praise you deserve, don't hide your pride and try to enjoy the moment. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。人们面对表扬往往会不自在，作者认为，我们应该学会享受表扬。 5．How do many people feel when accepting praise? A．Uneasy. B．Confused. C．Confident. D．Ashamed. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Accepting praise can make many people feel like a fish out of water because even when we are proud of our achievements, we don't want to appear proud.”可知，许多人在接受表扬时会不自在。 答案　A 6．What was the author's reaction to the unexpected praise at the party? A．She ignored the remarks. B．She owed it to the professor. C．She sincerely thanked the guests. D．She felt proud of her achievements. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I joked that the professor must have been in a very good mood when she marked my paper, and that I was just ‘lucky’”．可知，作者认为她出色的表现是运气，是因为教授打分的时候心情好。 答案　B 7．What does the underlined word “go­getter” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．A proud person. B．A worried person. C．An able person. D．A green­eyed person. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“praise might bring extra work and higher expectations”可知，表扬会带来更多的工作和压力，因为老板认为你能干，他会给你更多的任务量。go­getter与C项(一个有能力的人)意义相近。 答案　C 8．What might be the author's purpose of writing the text? A．To warn people to be honest. B．To share one of her big moments. C．To show the importance of praise. D．To encourage people to enjoy praise. 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“So, the next time you get the praise you deserve, don't hide your pride and try to enjoy the moment.”可知，作者鼓励大家享受表扬。 答案　D Ⅱ.七选五 Are you afraid of failure? However, only by overcoming fear of failure can we achieve success in life ultimately.Here are some tips on how to remove fear and focus on success. Understand that at times you make mistakes. 1 Before any of us learned how to walk, we crawled.We got up, fell down and got up again.We continued the process until we could walk quite well. 2 Instead, view it as a stepping stone.Make certain that you learn from failure and then apply what you have learned to future situations.Refuse to consider failure a character weakness.Doing so will only prevent you from achieving future success. Remember that failure has produced many successes. 3 Albert Einstein's teacher told him to quit school and said, “Einstein, you will never achieve anything！” Beethoven's music teacher said it was hopeless for him to become a composer.Henry Ford's first two car companies failed. Appreciate the benefits of failure.Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “All life is an experiment.The more experiments you make the better.” It's hardly possible for someone to achieve success the first time he tries. 4 ． Believe in yourself.Rather than give up when things don't work out, take it as a chance to build perseverance.Remind yourself how many failures became successful because they wouldn't give up. 5 A．Don't take failure personally. B．Work hard and try to avoid failure. C．Realize that you are a human and that humans make mistakes. D．Believe that you've got what it takes to work through the difficult times. E．Making the same mistake again can lead to failure in your future work. F．Consider how many people in history had failed before they became successful. G．In other words, your chances of getting things right on the first try are little. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。人们都害怕失败，然而，只有克服对失败的恐惧，我们才能在生活中取得成功。文章向我们说明了我们要如何消除对失败的恐惧、专注于成功。 1．解析　根据上文“Understand that at times you make mistakes.”可知，C项(要意识到你是个人，是人就会犯错。)切题，说明每个人都会犯错。C项中的make mistakes与上文中的make mistakes是复现关系。故选C。 答案　C 2．解析　根据下文“Instead, view it as a stepping stone.Make certain that you learn from failure and then apply what you have learned to future situations.”可知，这是看待失败的正确做法，Instead表明设空处应该会提到一种错误的做法，A项(不要因失败而不悦。)切题，且符合本段主旨。下文中的it指代的是A项中的failure，且下文中的Instead表明设空处与Instead后的内容是转折关系。故选A。 答案　A 3．解析　根据下文“Albert Einstein's teacher told him to quit school and said, ‘Einstein, you will never achieve anything！’ Beethoven's music teacher said it was hopeless for him to become a composer.Henry Ford's first two car companies failed.”可知，这些是名人经历过失败的具体例子。F项(想想历史上有多少人在成功之前经历了失败。)切题，印证了上文说的“Remember that failure has produced many successes.”，且引出了下文的举例说明。故选F。 答案　F 4．解析　根据上文“It's hardly possible for someone to achieve success the first time he tries.”可知，此处想表达不要指望一次就成功。G项(换句话说，你第一次尝试就把事情做好的可能性很小。)切题。G项中的little与上文中的hardly possible吻合。故选G。 答案　G 5．解析　根据上文“Remind yourself how many failures became successful because they wouldn't give up.”可知，失败后坚持不放弃很重要。D项(相信你已经得到了努力度过困难时期所需的能力。)与上文衔接紧密，都是作者对如何鼓励自己提出的建议。D项中的to work through the difficult times与上文中的wouldn't give up对应。故选D。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 For 34 years, thousands of runners have taken on the Marathon des Sables, a 140­mile race through the Sahara.1. (consider) the world's most difficult race, the Marathon des Sables is a seven­day race，2. is separated into six different parts. At 46, Amy Palmiero Winter is not what most picture when they think of 3. athlete, but for her, running has been a lifelong passion: an escape, a comfort, a calling.So, when a careless driver crashed into her motorcycle 25 years ago and damaged her left leg, she did everything she could 4. (save) it. She couldn't imagine not running.But three years and 25 operations later it 5. (become) obvious that her leg would never 6. (true) recover.But hardships couldn't keep her from running.In fact, they may have pushed her 7. (close)towards it.“When something bad happened to me, I went out for a run.It kept me from any darkness.” Palmiero Winter said.After recovering 8. her amputation(截肢), she tried running again.Struggling with low­tech artificial legs, in 2004 she placed second in the Silver Strand Half Marathon.Today, she holds 11 world records and countless 9. (award), including the James E．Sullivan Award and others, which recognized her as the world's top amateur athlete nearly a decade ago. But as her latest 10. (achieve)at the Marathon des Sables shows, she's nowhere near done. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了46岁的艾米虽然经历了车祸，但依旧热爱跑步，并参加了很多马拉松赛事，获得了许多荣誉。 1．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：撒哈拉沙漠马拉松比赛被认为是世界上最困难的比赛，该比赛为期7天，分为6个不同部分。分析句子结构可知，the Marathon des Sables is a seven­day race是句子的主干部分，所以空处应用非谓语动词作状语。consider和逻辑主语the Marathon des Sables之间为被动关系，译为“被认为”。故填Considered。 答案　Considered 2．解析　考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的race。故填which。 答案　which 3．解析　考查冠词。句意：46岁的艾米·帕米耶罗·温特并不是大多数人心目中的运动员，但对她来说，跑步一直是她毕生的热情：一种解脱、一种安慰、一种召唤。可数名词athlete前需要冠词修饰，艾米只是运动员中的其中一个，所以表示泛指概念，需要用不定冠词，athlete发音是以元音音素开头的。故填an。 答案　an　 4．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，25年前，一个粗心的司机撞上了她的摩托车，撞坏了她的左腿，她想尽一切办法挽救她的左腿。句中she could 是省略了谓语动词do的定语从句，主句的主语为did，所以save要以非谓语的形式出现。此处用不定式表目的。故填to save。 答案　to save　 5．解析　考查时态。根据three years and 25 operations later 以及宾语从句中的would可知此处讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填became。 答案　became　 6．解析　考查副词。句意：但3年25次手术后，她的腿显然永远无法真正康复。根据句意可知，此处是要修饰动词recover，所以需要填入副词。故填truly。 答案　truly　 7．解析　考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，困难可能把她和跑步推得更近了。根据句意可知，此处表达的意思是“更近了”，所以需要用比较级。故填closer。 答案　closer　 8．解析　考查介词。recover from...表示“从……中康复”。 答案　from　 9．解析　考查名词的数。此处指如今，她拥有11项世界纪录和无数奖项。award表示“奖项”，是可数名词，根据空前面的countless(无数的)可知用award的复数形式。故填awards。 答案　awards　 10．解析　考查词性转换。句意：但正如她在马拉松赛上的最新成就所展示的那样，她还远远没有完成。根据形容词性物主代词her以及形容词最高级latest可知，此处需要填入名词。故填achievement。 答案　achievement　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$