Unit4 Section3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 原文呈现 What's mine is yours. 1 We've been told since we were toddlers① that “It's good to share”. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows② with others. When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don't know【1】 via③ social media.Taking it as an object of study, psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to④ setting up⑤ positive emotional bonding⑥.【2】 【1】画线部分为省略了引导词who的定语从句，修饰先行词those。 【2】Taking it...study为现在分词短语作状语；stating that...bonding为现在分词结构作定语，修饰papers，其中that引导宾语从句。 2 Today, the action of sharing takes on⑦ extra meaning. It's not just about sharing sweets or frustration⑧； it has expanded⑨ to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don't use ourselves all of the time.【3】 These vary from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. The sharing economy⑩ is taking off⑪ in all sorts of areas. It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them【4】． 【3】句中第一个that引导定语从句，修饰the money；第二个that也引导定语从句，修饰those。 【4】画线部分为when和where同时引导的状语从句。 3 This wealth⑫ of ways of sharing is a response to⑬ our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered⑭ at the click of a button⑮. Whether it's an online shop where we can hire⑯ designer clothes⑰ at rock­bottom prices⑱， or a platform from which we can rent out⑲ our flats for a couple of days【5】， it's out there. Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win­win situation⑳； everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. What's more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste. And set­ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting【6】 vehicles on the road. 【5】本句为Whether...or...引导的让步状语从句。状语从句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词an online shop，关系词在从句中作地点状语；from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a platform。 【6】画线部分为v.­ing作定语，修饰vehicles，动词pollute与vehicles之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 4 But the sharing economy is not without its problems. As is often the case【7】 all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market， often at the expense of more traditional and established companies. In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties whilst renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides. Finally, personal data, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet secure. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, including our names, locations, bank information, and individual preferences for goods and services. Yet, the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users. 【7】画线部分意为“情况常常如此”，As在此引导非限制性定语从句。 5 Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy【8】. It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future【9】. What will we be sharing next? Who will be sharing and how? And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to？ 【8】本句中Nonetheless意为however/despite this fact，起到让步、转折的功能。what is...is that...结构中what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。 [语用]what is...is that...结构既可以让表达更简洁，避免头重脚轻的情况，还可以起到对主语和表语内容的强调作用。 【9】画线部分为such...that...结构，that引导结果状语从句；其中的what引导宾语从句。 名师圈点 ①toddler/'tɒdlə/n.[C]学步的儿童，刚学会走路的小孩 ②sorrow/'sɒrəʊ/n.[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸 ③via/'vaIə/prep.通过，凭借 ④be beneficial to有益于 [同义表达]be of benefit to；be helpful to；be useful for ⑤set up 设立，建起，设置 set­up n．[C]装配，装置 ⑥bonding n．[U]人与人之间的关系 mother­child bonding母子亲情 ⑦take on 呈现，具有 ⑧frustration/frʌ'streIʃn/n.[U]懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 frustrate vt.使懊恼，使沮丧；阻止，防止，挫败 ⑨expand/Ik'spænd/vi.&vt.扩大，增强；扩展，发展 ⑩sharing economy共享经济 ⑪take off(事业等)步入正轨，腾飞；起飞，出发 ⑫wealth n．熟词生义[sing.]大量，丰富，众多 a wealth of information大量的信息 ⑬a response to对……的反应/响应 ⑭deliver vt.&vi.熟词生义实现 The team delivered a stunning victory last night.昨晚这个队不负众望，大获全胜。 ⑮at the click of a button按下按钮 ⑯hire vt.租用；vt.&vi.雇用，聘任 ⑰designer clothes 名牌服装 ⑱rock­bottom prices 最低价格 ⑲rent out出租(房屋、房间、土地等) ⑳a win­win situation双赢的局面 thereby/ˌðeə'baI/adv.因此，由此 cut down(on)削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) existing regulations现存法规 ongoing adj.持续存在的，不断发展的 supervision/ˌsuːpə'vIʒən/n.监督；管理 take advantage of利用…… share of the market市场份额 share熟词生义n.[C，usually sing.](在若干人之间分得的)一份 at the expense of以损害……为代价 be subject to sth.易受某事(尤指坏事)影响 abuse/ə'bjuːs/n.[U，sing.]滥用 property n．[C]房屋及院落，庄园，房地产 whilst/waIlst/conj.当……时；虽然，尽管。相当于while。 victim/'vIktIm/n.受害者；受骗者 theft/θeft/n.[U，C]偷，偷窃 thief n．[C]小偷，贼 secure adj.安全的，稳妥的 individual preferences个人喜好 preference n．[C]偏爱的事物 leak/liːk/vt.泄漏，透露，走漏 rate/reIt/n.[C]速度；比率 comprise/kəm'praIz/vt.包括，包含；组成，构成 take sb/sth to使某人/某物达到，把某人/某物带到另一个层次、层面 Her energy and talent took her to the top of her profession.她凭着充沛的精力和天赋的才能达到了事业的顶峰。 译文参考 我的就是你的 1 我们自蹒跚学步时就被叮嘱“要懂得分享”。父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。我们长大后，会与周围的人或是通过社交媒体与不认识的人分享照片、人生经历和观点。心理学家们将其作为研究的对象，发表了各种各样的论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。 2 如今，分享行为呈现出额外的含义。不仅是分享糖果或挫折，它已经扩展到几乎生活的方方面面——全世界似乎都在分享。我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费，或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱。从汽车共享到住房共享，甚至是宠物共享。共享经济正在各个领域发展起来，它创造着新的思维方式，随时随地为有需求的人们提供服务。 3 我们需要价格有竞争力的优质产品和服务，大量的共享方式是对这种不断增长的需求的回应，现在这些需求都可以通过按一下按钮来实现。无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。无论我们是贷款人还是借款人，这都是一个双赢的局面；人人都能挣钱，或都能省钱。我们也可以建立联系，有时候甚至可以交到新朋友。不仅如此，共享鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。共享单车、共享汽车等计划的实施通过减少路上排放污染的车辆的数量进一步保护环境。 4 但共享经济并非没有问题。正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度比现行法规和正在进行的监管更快。一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，来扩大他们的市场份额，通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。此外，共享经济容易受到信任滥用的影响。有些人出租房屋时财物遭到破坏，还有人搭顺风车时成为盗窃甚至袭击的受害者。最后一点，个人数据，即共享经济的核心，也并不安全。共享平台收集的个人信息几乎涵盖我们生活的方方面面，包括我们的姓名、位置、银行信息及对商品和服务的个人偏好。然而，防止信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进，服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低。 5 尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。它飞速扩张，我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。我们下一个共享的对象将会是什么？将由谁来共享以及如何共享？最有趣的问题是——这些共享将会带我们进入什么样的会？ Ⅰ.重点词汇 ●核心单词 1．　hire v．(短期的)租用，租借 2．　expense n．费用，花费 3．　abuse n．滥用 4．　theft n．偷窃；偷盗 5．　purse n．(女士)钱包 ●拓展词汇 6．　sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful adj.悲伤的 7．　frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate v．使懊恼，使沮丧→frustrated adj.沮丧的，懊恼的→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的，令人懊恼的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．　response to　对……的回应 2．　at a rock­bottom price 以最低价格 3．　rent out 出租(房屋、房间、土地等) 4．　do a further favour for　　对……更有利 5．　at the expense of 以……为代价 6．　be subject to 受……支配；受……影响 Ⅲ.重点句式 1．“(There is)no need (for sb) to do”意为 “(某人)没有必要做某事” 　No need to bring my own　(不用带我自己的)tomorrow. 2．“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……；不论是否……” (1)　Whether it's an online shop　(无论是网店) where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices, or a platform　(还是一个平台) from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there. (2)　Whether we're a lender or a borrower　(无论我们是贷款人是借款人), it's a win­win situation；everyone makes or saves money. 3．“as is often the case...”意为 “这是常有的事，情况往往如此” 　As is often the case　(这是常有的事) all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. 4．“such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” It is expanding at such a rate that　(如此快以至于) we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．What does “it” in “Taking it as an object of study” mean in the first paragraph? A．An object to study. B．Sharing. C．The thing shared with others. D．Social media. 2．Which of the following sentences is WRONG? A．The action of sharing has new meanings. B．We can reduce the cost through sharing. C．It is no use setting up positive emotional bonding by sharing. D．We can also make money through sharing. 3．Why can sharing can cut down on waste? A．Because we can reuse items by sharing. B．Because we can use items that other people don't use. C．Because sharing can reduce our shopping desire. D．Because sharing makes us feel it shameful to waste. 4．What can be talked about in the next paragraph? A．What we will share in the future. B．How to share with others in the future. C．The categories of sharing. D．The type of society that sharing will take us to. 答案　1－4　BCAD [核心词汇] 1．sorrow　n．[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸；[U]悲伤；悲痛 [经典例句] Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows with others. 父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。 (1)(much) to one's sorrow令某人(十分)伤心的是 in sorrow悲伤地 the joys and sorrows of life人生的喜与悲 (2)sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)Much to my sorrow, I can't go to the party because I have something else to do. (2) Looking at his sorrowful　(sorrow) eyes，the teacher abandoned blaming him for the silly mistake he had made. (3) We need friends to share our joys and sorrows (分享我们的喜怒哀乐), otherwise we will feel lonely. [写美]——续写佳句 (4) 一阵悲伤涌上心头，她眼里涌上泪水。 　A wave of sorrow welled up within her.　Tears were beginning to gather in her eyes. 2．expense　n．[U]费用，花费，价钱；[C]开销；[pl.]开支，花费，费用 [经典例句] Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies. 一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，来扩大他们的市场份额，通常以损害已有的更为传统的公司为代价。 (1)at the expense of以……为代价 at sb's expense由某人付钱；由某人负担费用 at huge/great expense花一大笔费用 spare no expense不惜代价 (2)living/medical expenses生活/医疗费用 household expenses家庭开支 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living expenses　(expense). (2) If the computer should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (3)Some parents are willing to spare no expense　(不惜代价) in supporting the education of their children. [写美]——应用文佳句 (4)现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。 Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment　. [重点句型] 1．“whether...or...”　意为“无论是……还是……；不论是否……” [经典例句] Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there. 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 (1)“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……；不论是否……”，引导让步状语从句。 (2)“whether...or...”也可引导名词性从句作主语或宾语。 (3)只用whether不用if的情况： ①与or not直接连用；②后接动词不定式；③作介词宾语；④作discuss的宾语。 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1) This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. (2) There was an awkward moment when she didn't know whether to shake his hand or kiss his cheek. (3) So long as you try your best, it doesn't matter whether you win or not. [写美]——完成句子 (4)不论成功与否，我们确实已尽了最大努力。 　Whether we are successful or not　，we can be sure that we did our best. 2．“as is often the case...”　意为“这是常有的事，情况往往如此” [经典例句] As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. 正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度比现存法规或正在进行的监管更快。 句中“As is often the case”是as引导的定语从句，as 指代后面整个主句的内容。 as is known to all (＝as we all know)众所周知 as you can see正如你所看见的 as we expect正如我们预料的那样 as I can remember正如我所记得的 as often happens正如常常发生的那样 as was expected正如预料的那样 as has been said before如前所述 as is reported如报道所说 [写美]——完成句子 (1)事实证明，只要你把它分解成简单的步骤，任何事情都可以解决。 　As it turns out　， anything can be figured out if you break it down into simple steps. (2)俗话说，有志者事竟成。他们的努力终有回报。 　As a famous saying goes　，where there is a will，there is a way.Their efforts will pay off in time.　 (3)正如每个人所了解的那样，杰克是一个可爱活泼的男孩，同学们都很喜欢他。 Jack，　as everybody knows　， is such a lovely and lively boy that all his classmates like him. Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．　cost sb a fortune　花了某人不少钱 2．　the Olympic opening　奥运会开幕式 3．　share a ride with sb　与某人同乘一辆车 4．　a shared flat　合租公寓 5．　social media　社交媒体 6．　publish a paper　发表论文 7．　be beneficial to 有益于…… 8．　set up 建立；设立；创立；安装；竖起 9．　positive emotion bonding　积极的情感纽带 10．　take on　呈现；具有 11．　make money out of... 利用……赚钱 12．　a sharing economy　共享经济 13．　take off　(突然)开始成功；(突然)开始走红 14．　meet people's increasing demand for　(满足人们)对……的日益增长的需求 15．　at the click of a button　按下按钮 16．　designer clothes　名牌服装 17．　a win­win situation　双赢的局面 18．　cut down on 减少；缩减…… 19．　existing regulations　现有的法规 20．　take advantage of 利用 21．　expand the share of the market　扩大市场份额 22．　personal data/information　个人数据/信息 23．　individual preferences　个人喜好 24．　a potential risk　潜在的风险 25．　be relevant to 与……相关的 26．　at a．..rate 以……的速度/速率 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．Last year I went abroad for further education at my own expense　(费用). 2．We hired　(租用) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 3．Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow　(苦难) while happiness sometimes comes from a struggle. 4．只要你尽了最大努力，赢不赢没有关系。 So long as you try your best，　it doesn't matter whether you win or not　. 5．小孩第一次上幼儿园时总会不高兴并会大哭不止，这是常有的事。 　As is often the case　， a little child will feel unhappy and cry a lot the first time he or she goes to kindergarten. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$