Unit3 Section3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 原文呈现 READING CHINA The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to us all.【1】But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received？【2】Today，four Sinologists① and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us. They are： Petko，aged 43 from Bulgaria Annelous，aged 34 from the Netherlands Joachim，aged 25 from France Mai，aged 28 from Egypt 【1】本句是主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词one。 【2】本句是主从复合句。what和how引导宾语从句，作wonder的并列宾语。 Q1：___________ Petko：It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy—The Shaolin Temple②.That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with③ China.I was amazed by Chinese kung fu④，of course—everyone loves kung fu，don't they？I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful，and I found that I liked Chinese music，too—I just loved the movie's theme tune⑤，Song of the Shepherd⑥. Annelous：I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school，I began reading books about Chinese history and culture，and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies⑦ as my academic major⑧ at university. Joachim：When I was 15 years old，my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji，or Records of the Grand Historian. Prior to⑨ that，the only great historical works I had been exposed to⑩【3】 were Homer's epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter⑪ with Chinese classical literature.After reading it，I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”，Sima Qian.His writing had a profound effect on ⑫ me，and I have this to thank for my passion⑬ for Chinese literature. Mai：I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English­speaking world，so reading Chinese literature【4】 was a stimulating⑭ and inspiring experience. 【3】画线部分是定语从句，省略了关系代词that，修饰先行词the only great historical works。 【4】画线部分为v.­ing短语，在句中作主语。 Q2：________________ Petko：I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber⑮ the first time I read it【5】，and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. Now that this dream has come true, my next goal is to translate The Romance⑯ of the Three Kingdoms⑰.【6】 Annelous：In the Netherlands, the decision as to⑱ which works of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists.【7】 In addition⑲，publishing houses⑳ tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there. I've so far translated the writings of Han Han, and I am now working on those of Xu Zechen. Joachim：I just go with what I like and what I am interested in. I've translated several short stories by Mo Yan. Right now, I'm doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century. Mai：I don't care if a writer is popular or not. What interests me most is the work itself. I've translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin. I also keep a close eye on what's being self­published online by new, young authors—they have some good ideas. 【5】画线部分中的the first time引导时间状语从句。 【6】画线部分是主从复合句，Now that引导原因状语从句。 【7】画线部分中的句子主干是the decision is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists；as to... translated属于介词短语作后置定语，修饰decision；which works of Chinese literature get translated是which引导的宾语从句，作as to的宾语，which在从句中作定语。 Q3：___________________ Petko：Thirty­six Stratagems has sold more than 1,000 copies in Bulgaria. When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work, Thirty­six Stratagems is a best­seller in Bulgaria ！【8】 【8】画线部分是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句，从句中的consider后是that引导的宾语从句；在宾语从句中，a writer can usually hope for是定语从句，修饰先行词the best。to sell... work是不定式短语作表语。 Annelous：Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published【9】 in the Netherlands, and they are well­received. The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.【10】 On the whole, I do have to admit that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited.【11】 Joachim：The novels of Mo Yan and Yu Hua sell quite well in France. Mo Yan was already hugely popular, but became even more so after receiving the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of. Mai：Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and experience.【12】 A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping. I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common. Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers. 【9】画线部分是“see＋宾语＋宾补(过去分词)”结构，publish与works之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。 【10】画线部分是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句；句中的that引导定语从句，修饰The people。 【11】本句中的do强调谓语部分have to admit。 【12】画线部分是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词literature，that在从句中作主语。 名师圈点 ①Sinologist/saI'nɒlədʒIst/n.[C]汉学家 ②temple/'temp(ə)l/n.[C]庙宇，寺院 [拓展]Shaolin Temple少林寺 ③fall in love with爱上(表示动作) [辨析]be in love with爱上……(表示状态) ④Chinese kung fu中国功夫 ⑤theme tune主题曲 tune/tjuːn/n.[C]曲调，旋律 ⑥shepherd/'ʃepəd/n.[C]牧羊人 ⑦Chinese Studies汉学 ⑧academic major主修专业 ⑨prior to在……之前，先于…… prior/'praIə/adj.先前的；较早的 It is important to enrich the soil prior to planting.栽种之前给土壤施肥很重要。 ⑩be exposed to接触，体验 expose vt.使接触，使体验 ⑪encounter/In'kaʊntə(r)/n.[C]相遇，邂逅，遭遇，冲突 ⑫have a profound effect on对……有重大影响 ⑬passion/'pæʃn/n.[C，U]激情；[C]酷爱 ⑭stimulating/'stImjuleItIŋ/adj.趣味盎然的，激励人的，振奋人心的；增加活力的 ⑮chamber/'tʃeImbə/n.[C]房间 ⑯romance/rəʊ'mæns/n.[C]传奇故事 ⑰kingdom/'kIŋdəm/n.[C]王国 ⑱as to关于 Medical opinions differ as to how to treat the disease. 关于如何治疗这种疾病，医学界有不同的看法。 ⑲in addition另外(＝except) [辨析]in addition to除了……还有(＝besides) ⑳publishing house出版社 tend to do sth往往会/常常就做某事 look to指望 For truly great men，look to this age alone.数风流人物，还看今朝。 keep a(n)．..eye on密切注意；照看，留神 stratagem/'strætədʒəm/n.[C]策略，计谋 Thirty­six Stratagems《三十六计》 well­received adj.受欢迎的 hugely/'hjuːdʒli/adv.极度，极其…… think highly of...高度评价…… strike a chord引起共鸣 chord/kɔːd/n.[C]和弦；弦 文化采风 1．Shi Ji，written by Sima Qian，was the first general history of China ever to be produced.Considered a masterpiece，it covers major events and personalities over a period of about 3,000 years.It has 130 chapters and contains more than 520,000 words. 2．The epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey are the two key works of Ancient Greek literature.Yet，little is known of Homer，the poet who the Ancient Greeks believed to have penned them. 3．Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber，or A Dream of Red Mansions or The Story of the Stone，is considered one of China's Four Great Classical Novels.Believed to be semiautobiographical，documenting the rise and fall of the writer's family during the Qing Dynasty，it provides a fascinating insight into the life of Chinese society in the 18th century. 译文参考 解读中国 我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了。可你有没有停下来想过，在中国以外的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？今天，四位汉学家、译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他们是： 佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚 安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰 若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国 马伊，28岁，来自埃及 问题1：____________ 佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我当然为中国功夫所叹服——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，而且我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢那部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。 安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这鼓舞我在大学选择了主修汉学专业。 若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》。在那之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的真正才华。他的文章对我影响很大，我也因此十分喜爱中国文学。 马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐爱上了中国文学。埃及大多数文学译作来自英语国家，所以阅读中国文学作品是很有趣的，而且能让人受到启发。 问题2：____________ 佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。 安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，受敬重的汉学家的意见在很大程度上影响翻译中国文学作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考在其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了韩寒的作品，现在正在翻译徐则臣的作品。 若阿基姆：我翻译作品完全是随着喜好和兴趣走。我翻译过莫言的几篇短篇小说。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的通俗文学。 马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。作品本身才最吸引我。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的一些作品。我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。 问题3：____________ 佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。当你考虑到，在保加利亚，作者通常期待他们作品卖出的最高数量也才几百本，《三十六计》算是畅销书了！安妮鲁斯：每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。人们购买和阅读这些书籍是想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活。总的来说，在此我不得不承认，在荷兰，人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。 若阿基姆：莫言和余华的小说在法国卖得相当好。莫言原本已经非常受欢迎，在获得诺贝尔文学奖后更受欢迎了。文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高的评价。 马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者内心的共鸣。 Ⅰ.重点词汇 ●核心单词 1．　temple n．庙宇；寺院 2．　tune n．曲调；旋律 3．　prior adj.先前的，较早的 4．　genius n．天才，天赋 5．　kingdom n．王国 ●拓展词汇 6．　historian n．历史学家→history n．历史→historical adj.(有关)历史的→historic adj.有历史意义的 7．　enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的→enormously adv.极其；非常地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1． prior to 在……之前；先于 2．　be exposed to　暴露于…… 3．　keep a close eye on 密切关注 4．　on the whole　总的来说 5．　strike a chord　在(某人)心中引起共鸣 Ⅲ.重点句式 1．the first time引导时间状语从句 I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it　(我第一次读它时), and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. 2．now that引导原因状语从句 　Now that this dream has come true　(既然这个梦想已经实现了), my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 3．无生命名词作主语 　Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published　(每年都见证了更多中国作家的作品出版) in the Netherlands, and they are well­received. 4．“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词 On the whole, I do have to admit　(不得不承认) that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited. 5．If only....“要是……就好了” 　If only there was greater awareness of Chinese language and literature　(要是有更多的人了解中国语言和文学就好了) in my country. Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．How did Petko get interested in Chinese work? A．By learning Chinese kung fu. B．By listening to Chinese songs. C．By reading Chinese writers' works. D．By seeing the movie The Shaolin Temple. 2．Which major did Annelous choose to study at university? A．Chinese History. B．Chinese Studies. C．Chinese Culture. D．Chinese Literature. 3．Which writer's works has Joachim translated? A．Mo Yan. B．Han Han. C．Xu Zechen. D．Xi Murong. 4．Which work can reflect human nature and experience better? A．Thirty­six Stratagems. B．The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. C．Dream of the Red Chamber. D．Fond Memories of Autumn. 答案　1－4　DBAD [核心词汇] 1．expose　v．揭露；暴露 [经典例句] Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems. 在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。 (1)expose...to...使……暴露于/接触到…… (be) exposed to...暴露于……；处于……危险中 (2)exposure n．暴露；揭露 [练通]——单句语法填空 (1)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed　(expose) to daylight. (2)There is convincing evidence that skin cancer is linked to exposure (expose) to the sun. [写美]——句式升级 (3)If you expose yourself to the outside surroundings, you'll be stronger and better prepared for your future. →　Exposed to/Exposing yourself to the outside surroundings, you'll be stronger and better prepared for your future.(分词作状语) →　Being exposed to the outside surroundings will make you be stronger and better prepared for your future.(动名词短语作主语) 2．tend　v．往往会，趋向；照顾 [经典例句] In addition, publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there. 此外，出版社往往会参考在其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。 (1)tend to do往往会(做)；照管，照顾 (2)tendency n．倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 [写美]——一句多译 经常练习积极思考的人往往能更有效地解决问题。 (1)People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively　.(tend) (2)People who regularly practise positive thinking have a tendency to solve problems more effectively　.(tendency) 3．keep an eye on　照看，照料；留意，留神 [经典例句] I also keep a close eye on what's being self­published online by new, young authors—they have some good ideas. 我还密切关注新的年轻作者在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。 keep an eye out/open (for)密切注意，提防，警觉 have an eye for对……有鉴赏力 look sb in the eye(s)直视/正视某人 catch one's eye引起某人的注意 fix/keep one's eyes on注视，盯着看 turn a blind eye to对……视而不见 in the eyes of sb/in one's eyes在某人看来 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. (2)Though he majored in science at university, he has an eye for art and literature. (3)　In his father's eyes　(在他父亲看来)，he is the most outstanding player. (4) Suddenly something flying in the sky caught his eye (吸引了他的注意力).It was a big bird he had never seen before. [重点句型] ●If only... 要是……就好了；但愿 [经典例句] If only there was greater awareness of Chinese language and literature in my country. 要是我的国家有更多的人了解中国语言和文学就好了。 if only意为“但愿，要是……就好了”，其后的句子多用虚拟语气。具体用法如下： (1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用“if only sb/sth＋did/were...”； (2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用“if only sb/sth＋had done...”； (3)表示与将来事实相反的愿望用“if only sb/sth＋would/could do...。” [练通]——单句语法填空 (1) Look at the trouble we are in.If only we had taken　(take) our teacher's advice! (2)—Johnson, come and look at the sea! It's beautiful, isn't it? —Absolutely! If only I lived　(live)by the sea now! [写美]——完成句子 (3) 只有努力学习，你才能被理想的大学录取。 Only if you study hard can you be admitted into an ideal university.(倒装句) only if意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句，only 表示强调；当 only if位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．　be familiar to sb　是某人所熟悉的 2．　fall in love with　爱上 3．　Chinese kung fu　中国功夫 4．　theme tune　主题曲 5．　Chinese Studies　中国研究；中国学；汉学 6．　academic major　学科/学术专业 7．　a historical work　历史著作 8．　sb's first encounter with　某人与……的初次相遇/接触 9． Chinese classical literature　中国古典文学 10．　have a profound effect on　对……有/产生深远的影响 11．　a passion for...　对……强烈的爱好/热爱 12．　be largely influenced by 主要受……影响 13．　a publishing house　出版社 14．　look to sb to do sth　指望/依靠某人做某事 15．　do research into/on 对……进行研究 16．　popular literature　大众文学；通俗文学 17．　be well­received　公众反响良好 18．　think highly of 对……评价很高；欣赏…… 19．　a couple of　几个；一对；两个 20．　be closely connected　紧密相连 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．Even soccer fans tend　(倾向于) to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. 2．He did not want to expose (暴露) his fears and insecurity to anyone. 3．The band played a familiar tune　(曲调) that had everyone clapping along. 4．只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进入这个房间。(倒装句) 　Only if a teacher has given permission can a student enter the room. 5．在公园玩的时候，家长们要始终留意着他们的孩子们。 Parents need to keep an eye on their children the whole time while playing in the park. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$