Unit1 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The latest findings will have far­reaching consequences　(后果) not only for the researchers but also for the society as a whole. 2．Did they come to any conclusion(s)　(结论) at the meeting this morning? 3．Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see so many great masterpieces　(杰作) for which this period is famous. 4．When having dinner with your foreign friends，avoid topics such as politics　(政治) and private affairs. 5．The book appeals to readers of all ages and establishes a literary bond　(纽带) between parents and children. 6．Regular sleep habits and relaxation will help regulate the body，promoting your digestion　(消化). 7．Crocodiles are expert hunters，using their strong jaws to bite their prey and then they swallow　(吞下) their food whole. 8．After the operation you may find it difficult to chew　(咀嚼) for the moment. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Whatever your age or interests，Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly memorable　(memory). 2．At eight o'clock every evening she laid aside whatever she was doing to tell the children a story before they went to bed. 3．Your teeth may be part of your smile，but they have a more important job—they are the first step in the process of digestion　(digest). 4．It is reported that the trade union movement was concerned with working conditions. 5．It is very important to have a dictionary close at hand when you are learning English. 6．He had been ill for a long time and consequently　(consequent) he was left behind in his schoolwork. 7．Those artists leave a towering legacy (遗产) of art and will be remembered for their lifelong devotion　(devote) to art. 8．I found myself constantly pondering over the question：“ What can I do after graduation？” 9．I recognised Mary at first glance，even though we hadn't seen each other for 30 years. 10．It's not difficult to distinguish　(distinguish) between a person's handwriting and that of the writing robot because the robot's writing appears perfect. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．因为离开得匆忙，我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。(不定式的完成式) I'm sorry to have lost your key because I left in a hurry. 2．他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。那就是为什么他很疲惫的原因。 (why) He stayed up late into the night yesterday.　That is why he is very tired　. 3．到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了，已经给你解释得够多了。(have＋宾语＋宾补) You should understand the traffic rule by now.You've had it explained often enough. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Once when I was six years old，I saw a magnificent picture in a book.It was a picture of a boa constrictor in 1.　the act of swallowing an animal whole，without chewing it. I then pondered deeply over the adventures of the jungle.And I succeeded in drawing a picture with a 2.　colored　(color) pencil，which I 3.　named　(name) Drawing Number One.Showing it to the grown­ups，I asked them 4.　whether/if the drawing was frightening.5.　To my surprise，they answered，“Frightening? Why should anyone 6.　be frightened　(frighten) by a hat？” Since the grown­ups were not able to understand it，I made another drawing—Drawing Number Two.I drew the inside of the boa constrictor so that they could see it 7.　clearly (clear).However，this time，the grown­ups' response was to advise me 8.　to lay (lay) aside my drawings of boa constrictors and devote myself instead to geography，history，arithmetic and grammar. And that is why，at the age of six，I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a 9.　painter (paint).Grown­ups never understand anything by themselves，and 10.　it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.So then I chose another profession，and learned to pilot airplanes. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Grace Murray Hopper was born in New York City in 1906.She liked working out how things worked.When she was 7，she took her alarm clock to pieces.All the parts flew out of the clock，but she couldn't make sense of the mechanism.Instead of giving up，she dismantled all the other alarm clocks in the house，determined to discover how they worked. Grace's parents encouraged her curiosity.They took her to museums，libraries，concerts，and lectures.When Grace was 8，her father became ill and had to have both legs cut off.He never complained.His bravery inspired Grace to face challenges head­on.If her father could be so brave，Grace felt that she could conquer anything. Grace's father worried that he might not always be able to provide for his daughters.He wanted them to get a good education and be able to support themselves.He encouraged them to go to college and create their better future.Grace started at Vassar College when she was 17.She studied math and physics.Then she went to graduate school at Yale.With a PhD in mathematics the little girl who'd spent her days dealing with clocks would become one of the greatest computer minds of her generation. After graduating from Yale，Grace joined the U．S.Naval Reserve(海军预备役)，where she worked on the first large automatic calculator in the U．S.Her team came up with new ways to interact with computer data.Grace believed the data should be similar to human language.Later，she helped develop a computer language called COBOL，which used English words. Grace was a pioneer in computer science.At a time when women were rarely seen in STEM (Science，Technology，Engineering and Mathematics) fields，she worked with other experts to develop computer programming as it's known today. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了计算机科学的先驱 Grace成长中的故事、受到的家庭教育以及后来取得的成就。 1．What does the underlined word “dismantled ” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Made...useless.　　　　 B．Sold out. C．Took...apart. D．Fixed. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“All the parts flew out of the clock，but she couldn't make sense of the mechanism.Instead of giving up(钟的所有零件都飞了出去，但她搞不懂那个机械装置。她并没有放弃)”可知Grace还想继续弄明白钟的机械原理，再根据画线词与宾语“all the other alarm clocks ”意义上的合理搭配可 知，此处指拆了家里其他的闹钟。 答案　C 2．What did Grace's father bring to her? A．A lot of wealth. B．The love for nature. C．The unique curiosity. D．The unbeatable spirit. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His bravery inspired Grace to face challenges head­on.If her father could be so brave，Grace felt that she could conquer anything.(他的勇敢鼓舞Grace直面挑战。如果她父亲能如此勇敢，Grace觉得她能征服一切。) ” 可知，父亲教会Grace要勇敢面对挑战，去征服一切，这是一种不服输的精神。故选D。 答案　D 3．Why did Grace's father encourage his daughters to go to college? A．He thought they should stand on their own feet. B.He couldn't earn his own living for his poor health. C．He was unwilling to support his daughters any longer. D．He wished to leave home for a better education and life. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He wanted them to get a good education and be able to support themselves.(他希望她们受到良好的教育，能够自己养活自己。) ”可知，父亲希望女儿们在受到良好教育的同时能够自力更生。stand on one's own feet意为： 自力更生。故选A。 答案　A 4．Which of the following is Grace's achievement? A．Joining the U．S.Naval Reserve as a woman. B．Inspiring more women to enter STEM fields. C．Helping develop a kind of English computer language. D．Building the first large automatic calculator in the U．S. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she helped develop a computer language called COBOL，which used English words(她帮助开发了一种叫做COBOL的计算机语言，它使用英语单词)”可知，Grace的成就是帮助开发了一种计算机语言。故选C。 答案　C B Do you always agree to do things that you are unwilling to do? Are you the type of person who always says “yes”？ I've come to learn that it is very important to learn to say NO! It's okay.People are still going to like you.They may even respect you more because they know you are honest. I'm not saying to say “no” to someone who really needs your help.I'm talking about refusing that meeting that you really do not want to attend or that birthday party that you don't want to be a guest at. Think for a moment how you feel when you say YES to something that you really don't want to do.If you're like I once was，you can't sleep at night and you think about it too much.　It weighs on your mind.You try to find ways out.Whatever you're saying to yourself，if you really wanted to go，you wouldn't have all of these thoughts. So，why not just say NO from the beginning？Maybe you feel like if you don't show up at the meeting (by the way，it is not the one you must attend) your boss isn't going to like you or your co­workers won't respect you.Maybe you feel as if your mom，dad or sisters won't love you as much if you don't do everything for them that they ask every occasion. If these people are your true friends，family members，or a good boss，they will like or love you the same no matter what.People treat you the way you teach them to，and if you're someone who always says “yes”，then that's what they're expecting. You need to do what is right for you.Of course we do have real obligations in life to fulfill，but we do not have to do everything others want us to do. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讲了当你不愿意做某事时，要勇敢地说“不”，你真正的朋友、家人和好的老板会像以前一样喜欢你。 5．Which of the following statements would the writer agree with? A．We should try to do what our friends ask us to do. B．We should help others in need. C．Always saying “no” means you are brave. D．Always saying “yes” means you are dishonest. 解析　推理判断题。由第二段第一句可知，“我”不是说对一个真正需要你帮助的人说“不”。可知“我们应该帮助有需要的人。”作者会同意这个观点，故选B。 答案　B 6．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Saying “yes”． B．A friend's birthday party. C．Something you're unwilling to do. D．Something you think difficult to do. 解析　代词指代题。根据第三段第一句可知，想一下，当你答应了一件你真的不想做的事情的时候，你是什么感觉。所以“It”指的是你不愿意做的一些事情，故选C。 答案　C 7．The writer believes that if you say “no” to your family members，you'll ． A．upset them B．disappoint them C．have a loose relationship with them D．have the same relationship with them as before 解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段第一句可知如果这些人是你真正的朋友、家人或好老板，不管怎样，他们都会喜欢或爱你。由此推知，作者认为，如果你对你的家人说“不”，你与他们还会像以前的关系一样，故选D。 答案　D 8．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Learn to Make a Right Choice B．To Be Yourself C．Learn to Say No D．Do What You Want to Do 解析　标题归纳题。第一段“I've come to learn that it is very important to learn to say NO！” 是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了当你不愿意做某事时，要勇敢地说“不”，你真正的朋友、家人和好的老板会像以前一样喜欢你。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“学会说不”，故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend __1__ a marathon race.Feeling motivated，I started running __2__，but then two things happened.First，a girl I met one day told me she was __3__ for a “super”，referring to a 52.4­mile double marathon.Then，the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest，I __4__ it！Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging，I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I __7__ cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I __8__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day，I __9__ her bike and went for a ride.The __10__：The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.I'd never faced such __11__.That day，I got __12__ by about 100“local”bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home，suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__. I've __14__ a lot since then.I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself，they just have to be my own. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在生活中，他人的成就对作者的激励作用以及消极作用。作者曾经受朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励而开始跑步，但后来因遇到更厉害的跑步者和感受到跑步的无聊而放弃。再后来作者转而骑自行车，但因爬坡的困难和被人超过的打击而放弃。最终，作者意识到目标应针对自身而设。 1.A.knew B.held C.won D.quit 解析　上文中的“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”提到作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。结合下文的“Feeling motivated，I started running”可知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。quit“退出”。故用won。 答案　C 2.A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently 解析　结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。silently“悄悄地，静静地”；proudly“得意地，自豪地”。故用regularly。 答案　A 3.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training 解析　由下文的“referring to a 52.4­mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的双人马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练，故用 training。 答案　D 4.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved 解析　受到那个女孩的影响，作者第二天就开始跑自己从未跑过的最长距离——15 英里。根据下文的“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，因此其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，所以此处可推知，作者是讨厌跑15英里的。deserve“值得，应得”。故用 hated。 答案　C 5.A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence 解析　作者遇到的女孩为52.4 英里的双人马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。advantage“有利条件，有利因素，优势”； achievement“成就，成绩”；contribution“贡献”； influence“影响”。故用 achievement。 答案　B 6.A.way B.risk C.place D.reason 解析　由上文可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。risk“危险，风险”。故用 reason。 答案　D 7.A.gave up B.went on C.turned to D.dealt with 解析　由下文的“I got a good bike and rode a lot”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。give up“放弃”；go on“继续”；deal with“处理”。故用 turned to。 答案　C 8.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved 解析　结合上文中描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣地亚戈拜访姐姐。complain“抱怨”；approve“同意”。故用dreamed。 答案　B 9.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked 解析　根据空前的“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day”和空后的“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣地亚戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处是说作者向姐姐借了自行车，故用borrowed。 答案　B 10.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice 解析　由空后的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路；再结合下文的“about 100 ‘local’bikers who were used to such roads”可知，与当地那些习惯了这种路的人相比，作者不习惯这种路，这种路对作者而言是一个问题。principle“原则，原理”。故用 problem。 答案　A 11.A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges 解析　作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处是在描述作者的困难，所以此处是说作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。danger“危险，风险”； event“活动，比赛项目”；opponent“对手，竞争者”。故用challenges。 答案　D 12.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped 解析　由上文内容和下文的“by about 100‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过，convince“使确信，使相信，使信服”； admire“钦佩，赞赏”。故用passed。 答案　A 13.A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing 解析　结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了，reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”；convenient“实用的，便利的”； familiar“熟悉的，常见到的，常听说的”。故用appealing。 答案　D 14.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried 解析　结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept...be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，因此作者成长了、成熟了，故用 matured。 答案　B 15.A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests 解析　综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，故此处是说自那之后作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标都要是为自己而设的。limit“限制”。故用goals。 答案　C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$