Unit1 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．—Do you know why Mr.Black resigned from the firm? —He asked for a wage　(工资) rise，but was turned down in the end. 2．Although these young men are physically mature (成熟的)，they still act like children. 3．Respecting others is a virtue　(美德) and being respected is a great pleasure. 4．James had his licence　(执照) taken away by the police a year ago for drink­driving. 5．When looking for someone to hire，you look for three qualities: integrity (正直诚实)，intelligence and energy. 6．The government has a commitment　(承诺) to provide urban citizens with improved community services and facilities. 7．He won the general election　(选举) and became the President of the country. 8．The librarian　(图书馆管理员) reminded the freshmen to put the magazines where they were after finishing reading them. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Tom says the election　(elect) is an uphill battle for him，but he feels he is making headway. 2．Praises spread around the classroom and even Miss Walker nodded with approval　(approve). 3．No matter what difficulty you will meet with，carry out your commitment　(commit) until you make it. 4．As we all know，it's illegal　(legal) to read others' private letters without permission. 5．I had great difficulty finding the suitable　(suit) food on the menu in that Italian restaurant. 6．Instantly (instant) he woke up，he buried herself in study in order to be admitted to Beijing University. 7．I always doubted whether/if he would be the best man for the project，but now I don't doubt that he can do it. 8．It's our responsibility　(responsible) to spread traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners. 9．Credit cards tempt you to spend (spend) more than you otherwise might have. 10．I will go on a business tomorrow and Mark will be in charge of the company during my absence. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．她记得每件事，就好像它们是昨天发生的一样。 She remembered everything as if they had happened yesterday　. 2．我们认为精通英语很重要。(形式宾语) We considered it important to have a good command of English. 3．杰克足够强壮，能抬起这只重箱子。(adj./adv.＋enough to do sth) Jack is strong enough to move the heavy box easily. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 In most countries，turning 18 1.　marks　(mark) the start of adulthood.In this text，three young people tell us 2.　what turning 18 means，or meant，to them. 16­year­old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough 3.　to vote　(vote) in the election and have a say on how the government spends the taxes.Though Bethany's mum，an ambulance driver，worries about her 4.　being　(be) behind the wheel，Bethany thinks she can take 5.　responsibility (responsible) for her life and the lives of other people. Lin Ning，19­year­old from Shanghai in China，celebrated his 18th birthday just before he 6.　went　(go) to university.He expected to feel 7.　instantly　(instant) different，but it wasn't like that.In fact，the change has been more subtle and gradual than he imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be，he has begun to feel more aware 8.　of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility. Morgan，20­year­old from Florida in the US，used to believe he should become 9.　more independent (independence) at the age of 18，but the reality for him has been very different.Because he contributes to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive，he finds 10.　it hard to save any money. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy，”says Dr.William Farber，shortly after performing acupuncture(针灸)on a rabbit.“I am ahead of my time.”If he seems a little defensive，it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh.He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医)now practicing“holistic”medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture，chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine. Farber，a graduate of Colorado State University，started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle­relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture，an ancient Chinese practice，and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So，after studying the techniques for a couple of years，he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack，Tindale says，she was prepared to put him to sleep，but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse，Nappy，“moves more easily and rides more comfortably”after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time，and if the past is any indication，he may be right：Since 1982，membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well，”he says.“I will do anything to help an animal.That's my job.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。美国兽医 William Farber因背痛尝试中医针灸治疗，之后病症得到缓解，然后他把针灸、按摩疗法、草药和传统西医治疗相结合用于治疗动物。 1.What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him? A.He's odd. B.He's strict. C.He's brave. D.He's rude. 解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中的“some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods”可知，Farber 的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的治疗方法，再结合第一段中 Farber的话“I am not crazy”可知，Farber的一些同事认为他很奇怪。B项“他严格”；C项“他勇敢”；D项“他粗鲁”。故选A。 答案　A 2.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A.He was trained in it at university. B.He was inspired by another veterinarian. C.He benefited from it as a patient. D.He wanted to save money for pet owners. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He became interested in alternative treatments...What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.”可知，Farber尝试针灸治疗之后背痛得到了缓解，所以他认为针灸治疗似乎也可以应用到宠物身上，也就是说他自己作为病人从针灸治疗中获得了益处，所以决定把针灸应用到宠物身上。A项“他在大学受过针灸训练”；B项“他受到了另一位兽医的启发”；D项“他想为宠物主人省钱”。故选C。 答案　C 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B.The complexity of veterinarians' work. C.Examples of rare animal diseases. D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 解析　段落主旨大义题。本段主要介绍了两个动物经过 Farber的治疗后，病情有所好转。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Farber 的“针灸、按摩疗法、草药和传统西医治疗相结合”的整体医学所取得的效果。A项“按摩疗法的步骤”；B项“兽医工作的复杂性”；C项“罕见动物疾病示例”。故选D。 答案　D 4.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A.To prove Farber's point. B.To emphasize its importance. C.To praise veterinarians. D.To advocate animal protection. 解析　写作目的题。根据题干中的“American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association”可将答案定位至最后一段。“Since 1982...grown from 30 to over 700.”具体解释上文中的“the past”，所以作者提到该组织是为了证明前文的“he may be right”，即为了证明 Farber的观点是正确的。B项“为了强调它的重要性”；C项“为了赞扬兽医”；D项“为了提倡动物保护”。故选A。 答案　A B You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketball match or a wonderful firework show in case you might miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye.But in fact，humans blink about 15 times per minute on average.Have you ever missed anything because you blinked? Probably not.Why is that? According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September，our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink.It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption. In order to understand how this works，a group of scientists at the German Primate Center and the University Center Gottingen in Germany conducted an experiment.In the study，the participants were asked to look at patterns on a screen whose direction could be interpreted in different ways，such as horizontally (水平地) or vertically (垂直地).When one pattern was about to disappear and the next one was about to come，the participants had to indicate the direction that the next pattern would appear. The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didn't match，the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated.This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction. “The medial prefrontal cortex (额叶皮层) adjusts current visual information with previously obtained information，and thus enables us to perceive the world with more stability，even when we briefly close our eyes to blink，” Caspar Schwiedrzik explained in Science Daily.He is the first author of the study and also a scientist at the German Primate Center. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。 5．Why do we not miss anything when blinking? A．Our brain can deal with the missing image. B．Our brain can remember all that we see. C．Our brain can imagine what our eyes miss. D．Our brain can put our pieces of memory together. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，根据九月份发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能够处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼并不会让我们错过任何东西。 答案　A 6．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Our brain. B．Visual information. C．Current Biology. D．The temporary darkness. 解析　代词指代题。根据第二段第二句可知，大脑可以在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像，故可推知，画线词指代上文中的“visual information”。 答案　B 7．What do we know about the experiment? A．The two patterns appear at the same time. B．Visual memory can be more activated by similarity. C．Participants can interpret patterns differently. D．The different directions activated visual memory. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，当两个模式的方向不一致时，掌握视觉记忆的大脑区域则被激活；当两种模式在同一方向时，这个区域则显示出较少的活动。据此可知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆。 答案　D 8．What would be the best title for this passage? A．The Brain's Structure B．The Brain's Activated Patterns C．The Brain's Special Skill D．The Brain's Orientation 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明，眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 When I was in elementary school，I enjoyed telling lies.That was a lot of 1 ．As I got older，my 2 continued.I enjoyed people's reactions to my seemingly amazing life.But when I was 15，that all 3 ．I met someone I really 4 ，who put me on the path to honesty. In my usual fashion，I told him lies just like telling other people.I made up 5 to get him to be more interested in me 6 I wasn't sure if the truth would be enough to make him want to continue working with me.But he knew me so well. One day he told me，“I can't talk to you on the 7 anymore because I can't see your eyes，and so I am not sure when you are lying to me.”That 8 shocked me，because I didn't know he knew I had been lying to him，and he was willing to end our 9 for those lies.I 10 at that moment that I would never lie to him again.It was a 11 transition (转变) to make because I was used to exaggerating (夸大) experiences to get attention.But because of him，I made a deal with myself never to tell any lie again. 12 ，his trust in me was rebuilt. That was how I learned the 13 of honesty.I felt more 14 when I told the truth.As Merlin said in a movie，“when a man lies，he murders some part of the world.” It is 15 ． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者因为撒谎差点失去友谊，又因为不再撒谎而重获信任的故事，作者最终明白了诚实的价值。 1．A.pride　　　　　　　 B．relief C．care D．fun 解析　句意： 那很有趣。pride骄傲； relief救济，减轻； care关心； fun乐趣。根据上文“I enjoyed telling lies.(我喜欢说谎。)”可知“我”认为说谎很有乐趣。故答案为D。 答案　D 2．A.blaming B．lying C．struggling D．designing 解析 blaming归咎，责备，谴责；lying撒谎；struggling 挣扎，努力； designing设计。根据下文“I enjoyed people's reactions to my seemingly amazing life.(我享受人们对我看似令人惊奇的生活的反应。)”可知作者长大一些后，依然在继续撒谎。故答案为B。 答案　B 3．A.changed B．spread C．returned D．completed 解析　根据下文“put me on the path to honesty(让我走上诚实之路)”可知在作者15岁时，以前爱撒谎的习惯改变了。故答案为A。 答案　A 4．A.helped out B．put away C．looked up to D．caught up with 解析　helped out帮助……摆脱困难； put away放好，抛弃，储存；looked up to尊敬，敬仰； caught up with赶上。根据下文“put me on the path to honesty.(让我走上诚实之路)”以及语境分析可知作者对于这个帮助自己走上诚实之路的人充满了感激、尊敬，结合选项可知答案为C。 答案　C 5．A.orders B．stories C．poems D．songs 解析　根据前文作者以前爱撒谎的细节描述及谓语(made up)与宾语语义上的合理搭配可知此处指“我”编故事(说谎)来引起别人的兴趣。故答案为B。 答案　B 6．A.though B．while C．because D．but 解析　句意： 我编了一些故事来让他对我更感兴趣，因为我不确定真相是否足以让他愿意继续和我交往。 though尽管； while当……时； because因为； but但是。分析空格前后句的句意可知后一句是前一句的原因。故答案为C。 答案　C 7．A.stage B．ground C．phone D．street 解析　句意： 有一天他告诉我，“我不能再和你通电话了，因为我看不见你的眼睛，所以我不确定你什么时候在骗我。”stage 阶段，舞台；ground地面，土地； phone电话； street街道。根据下文“I can't see your eyes(我看不见你的眼睛)”可知此处作者与这个人并不是面对面的沟通谈话，结合选项可知C选项与空格前的词构成的on the phone(通过电话)与此处分析一致。故答案为C。 答案　C 8．A.nearly B．gradually C．slowly D．really 解析　nearly差不多，几乎，密切地；　gradually逐渐地； slowly慢慢地； really真正地。根据下文“I didn't know he knew I had been lying to him(我不知道他知道我一直在对他撒谎)”可知当我听到他说不愿意继续和我沟通时，我感到十分震惊，结合选项可知答案为D。 答案　D 9．A.friendship B．journey C．love D．discussion 解析　句意： 这真的让我很震惊，因为我不知道他知道我一直在对他撒谎，而且他竟然因为这些谎言而结束我们的友谊。friendship友谊； journey旅程； love爱； discussion讨论。根据前文“working with me”再结合语境可知作者与这个人在平时的工作沟通中建立了友谊，此处指这个人要结束与作者之间的友谊。故答案为A。 答案　A 10．A.proved B．promised C．prayed D．imagined 解析　句意： 我在那一刻向他承诺我再也不骗他了。proved证明； promised承诺； prayed祈祷； imagined想象。根据下文“I made a deal with myself never to tell any lie again.(我跟自己约定再也不说谎了。)”可知此处指作者给这个人承诺再也不说谎了。故答案为B。 答案　B 11．A.hard B．smooth C．frequent D．violent 解析　hard艰难的； smooth顺滑的； frequent流利的； violent暴力的。根据下文“I was used to exaggerating experiences to get attention.(我习惯了夸大经历来获得关注。)”可知说谎已经习以为常了，故要改变是十分艰难的。故答案为A。 答案　A 12．A.At once B．At first C．For long D．In time 解析　句意： 最终，他对我的信任得以重建。 At once立刻； At first首先；For long长久； In time及时，最终。根据下文“his trust in me was rebuilt.(他对我的信任得以重建。)”再结合上文我对他承诺再也不撒谎了可知此处指最终他对我的信任得以重建。故答案为D。 答案　D 13．A.cost B．tradition C．value D．condition 解析　句意： 这就是我如何学会了诚实的价值。 cost花费；tradition传统； value价值； condition条件。根据前文作者因为撒谎差点失去友谊，又因为不再撒谎而重获信任的细节可知此处指作者明白了诚实的价值。故答案为C。 答案　C 14．A.lonely B．careful C．powerful D．independent 解析　lonely寂寞的，偏僻的； careful仔细的，小心的； powerful强大的，强有力的； independent独立的。根据前文作者意识到诚实的价值等细节再结合语境可知此处作者认为说出真相会更加地有底气、有力量。故答案为C。 答案　C 15．A.true B．lucky C．possible D．silly 解析　前文引用电影中的句子“when a man lies，he murders some part of the world.(当一个人说谎时，他就失去了世界的一部分。)”表达作者的观点，可知作者对这句话表示赞同。故答案为A。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$