Unit 4 Friends forever Words and expressions 分层练习 -【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（外研版2019必修第一册）

Unit 4 Friends forever Words and expressions 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写 1 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ________________ (氛围) where his employees enjoy their work. 2 The school sports meet had to be p________________ because of the continuous rain. 3 She stopped _______________ (通信) with him after the death of her mother. 4 We have our milk _______________ (递送) every morning. 5 He u_____________ the map to see where the place was and to avoid heading in the wrong direction. 6 We live in an age of rapid technological ____________ (进步). 7 A quarter of students report that their use of ___________ (数码的) devices during class cause their grades to suffer. 8 I felt very a___________ of myself for telling such a big lie. 9 Every ___________ (焦虑的) person will have his or her own special problems or fears. 10 The ___________ (商品) bought online are much cheaper than those in stores. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1 None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar _____ any of us. 2 To ensure the safety of your computer, the software should _______(update) in time. 3 I think my education and professional experience will enable me ______(offer) helpful services for your company. 4 I`d appreciate it if you could let me know ______ advance whether or not you will come. 5 Knowledge can ______(acquire) from books, while skills must be learned through practice. 6 My sister is very shy and doesn`t know how to communicate _____ strangers. 7 Thanks _____ your timely help, we finished the task just before the deadline. 8 You ought to be ashamed ______ your foolish behaviour. 9 The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the ______(locate)is perfect. 10 Wherever you are, you should always keep _____ mind that you are a Chinese. 三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子 1 __________, you shouldn`t lose heart.无论发生什么事，你都不要丧失信心。 2 I must ________ before the boss comes back.我必须在老板回来之前把房间打扫干净。 3 The teacher got angry because of ____________.那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。 4 _____________, I can`t send this book to him.不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。 5 ____________ tomorrow?倘若明天下雨将会怎样呢？ 知识应用 4、 （2022-2023学年下学期·福建福州·高一期末）阅读理解 New Year’s Day is meant for food. As the new year arrives around the world, there could be special cakes and breads, for example, long noodles representing long life, field peas representing coins, and pigs representing good luck. The particulars vary, but the general theme is the same: Enjoy food and drink to bring in a year of prosperity. Here are some of the New Year’s food traditions around the world. Hoppin’ John, American South A major New Year’s food tradition in the American South, Hoppin’ John is a dish of pork-flavored field peas or black-eyed peas—symbolizing coins—and rice, frequently served with cooked greens—as they’re the color of money and cornbread—the color of gold. The dish is said to bring good luck in the new year. Twelve grapes, Spain The people of Spain traditionally watch a broadcast from Puerta del Sol in Madrid, where people gather in front of the square’s clock tower to ring in the New Year. Those out in the square and those watching at home take part in an unusual annual tradition: At the stroke of midnight, they eat one grape for every toll of the clock bell. Some even get their grapes ready—peeling and seeding the—to make sure they will be as efficient as possible when mid-night comes. Tamales, Mexico Tamales, corn dough filled with meat, cheese and other delicious additions and wrapped in a banana leaf or a corn husk, make appearances at pretty much every special occasion in Mexico. In many families, groups of women gather together to make hundreds of the little packets to hand out to friends, family and neighbors. Soba noodles, Japan In Japanese households, families eat buckwheat soba noodles, or toshikoshi soba, at mid-night on New Year’s Eve to say goodbye to the year gone by and welcome the year to come. The tradition dates back to the 17th century, and the long noodles symbolize longevity and prosperity. 1. The common theme of food for New Year’s Day is _______. A. to show its deliciousness and sell well in market B. to celebrate new year and wish for blessings from nature C. to eat and drink well and hope for a fancy new year D. to say farewell to the old year and welcome the new year 2. Which dish is believed to bring good luck in the new year? A. Twelve grapes. B. Hoppin’John. C. Tamales. D. Soba noodles. 3. Which group of people would share fond with neighbors on New Year’s Day? A. The Americans. B. The Mexicans. C. The Spanish. D. The Japanese. 五、（2022-2023学年下学期江苏常州高一期末）完形填空 Third graders from Wolfsville Elementary School spent Monday afternoon getting their hands dirty and their shoes wet during an informative trout release(鳟鱼放生). The trout, which the students had been 1 in their classroom since last December, were 2 ready to be released into their natural environment. The students carefully 3 them from a big container to a red plastic cup to the creek(溪). They then 4 the trout fingerlings (仔鱼) they’d been watching over for five months. Wolfsville Elementary has been doing a trout release 5 spring for the past decade as part of a national 6 called “Trout in the Classroom”, which provides students with trout eggs to 7 and eventually release into water as fish. Through the partnership, students learn various 8 such as water pH, animal lifecycles and environmental science, said Rebecca Butler, Wolfsville Elementary’s third grade teacher. “We try to get them outside and away from video games, and hopefully they 9 that clean water is important and 10 else is going to take care of our resources, so they learn to care for them,” Butler said. McKinna Hidalgo, a third grader at Wolfsville, said she 11 letting the trout go in the water and seeing them 12 away, after first meeting them as 13 . The favorite part for Hidalgo’s classmate Macie Lader, however, was getting to go into the creek. Her socks and shoes were 14 , but she didn’t care. Right before moving on to her next station, Macie took off her 15 , dumped(倾倒) all the water out and flashed a wide smile. 1. A. hiding B. raising C. waiting D. training 2. A. usually B. probably C. nearly D. finally 3. A. transported B. followed C. changed D. saved 4. A. made up for B. got along with C. waved goodbye to D. took advantage of 5. A. one B. next C. every D. another 6. A. program B. park C. team D. tour 7. A. play with B. care for C. clean D. eat 8. A. courses B. tips C. skills D. topics 9. A. fear B. learn C. doubt D. show 10. A. nobody B. nothing C. somebody D. something 11. A. hated B. forgot C. loved D. remembered 12. A. fly B. swim C. run D. walk 13. A. eggs B. fishes C. friends D. strangers 14. A. old B. wet C. lost D. clean 15. A. gloves B. glasses C. shoes D. shorts 六、（2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京高一期末）应用文写作 假如你是李华, 你的好友Alice发来邮件说她因为体重过重很苦恼、焦虑。请你给她回封邮件, 内容包括: 1. 表示理解; 2. 提出建议。(至少两点) 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear, Alice, I’m sorry to hear that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Friends forever Words and expressions 分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写 1 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ________________ (氛围) where his employees enjoy their work. 2 The school sports meet had to be p________________ because of the continuous rain. 3 She stopped _______________ (通信) with him after the death of her mother. 4 We have our milk _______________ (递送) every morning. 5 He u_____________ the map to see where the place was and to avoid heading in the wrong direction. 6 We live in an age of rapid technological ____________ (进步). 7 A quarter of students report that their use of ___________ (数码的) devices during class cause their grades to suffer. 8 I felt very a___________ of myself for telling such a big lie. 9 Every ___________ (焦虑的) person will have his or her own special problems or fears. 10 The ___________ (商品) bought online are much cheaper than those in stores. 【答案】 1 atmosphere 2 postponed 3 corresponding 4 delivered 5 unfolded 6 advances 7 digital 8 ashamed 9 anxious 10 goods 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空 1 None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar _____ any of us. 2 To ensure the safety of your computer, the software should _______(update) in time. 3 I think my education and professional experience will enable me ______(offer) helpful services for your company. 4 I`d appreciate it if you could let me know ______ advance whether or not you will come. 5 Knowledge can ______(acquire) from books, while skills must be learned through practice. 6 My sister is very shy and doesn`t know how to communicate _____ strangers. 7 Thanks _____ your timely help, we finished the task just before the deadline. 8 You ought to be ashamed ______ your foolish behaviour. 9 The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the ______(locate)is perfect. 10 Wherever you are, you should always keep _____ mind that you are a Chinese. 【答案】 1 to 2 be updated 3 to offer 4 in 5 be acquired 6 with 7 to 8 of 9 location 10 in 三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子 1 __________, you shouldn`t lose heart.无论发生什么事，你都不要丧失信心。 2 I must ________ before the boss comes back.我必须在老板回来之前把房间打扫干净。 3 The teacher got angry because of ____________.那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。 4 _____________, I can`t send this book to him.不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。 5 ____________ tomorrow?倘若明天下雨将会怎样呢？ 【答案】 1 Whatever happens 2 have the room cleaned 3 what the boy had done 4 Not knowing his address 5 What if it rains 知识应用 4、 （2022-2023学年下学期·福建福州·高一期末）阅读理解 New Year’s Day is meant for food. As the new year arrives around the world, there could be special cakes and breads, for example, long noodles representing long life, field peas representing coins, and pigs representing good luck. The particulars vary, but the general theme is the same: Enjoy food and drink to bring in a year of prosperity. Here are some of the New Year’s food traditions around the world. Hoppin’ John, American South A major New Year’s food tradition in the American South, Hoppin’ John is a dish of pork-flavored field peas or black-eyed peas—symbolizing coins—and rice, frequently served with cooked greens—as they’re the color of money and cornbread—the color of gold. The dish is said to bring good luck in the new year. Twelve grapes, Spain The people of Spain traditionally watch a broadcast from Puerta del Sol in Madrid, where people gather in front of the square’s clock tower to ring in the New Year. Those out in the square and those watching at home take part in an unusual annual tradition: At the stroke of midnight, they eat one grape for every toll of the clock bell. Some even get their grapes ready—peeling and seeding the—to make sure they will be as efficient as possible when mid-night comes. Tamales, Mexico Tamales, corn dough filled with meat, cheese and other delicious additions and wrapped in a banana leaf or a corn husk, make appearances at pretty much every special occasion in Mexico. In many families, groups of women gather together to make hundreds of the little packets to hand out to friends, family and neighbors. Soba noodles, Japan In Japanese households, families eat buckwheat soba noodles, or toshikoshi soba, at mid-night on New Year’s Eve to say goodbye to the year gone by and welcome the year to come. The tradition dates back to the 17th century, and the long noodles symbolize longevity and prosperity. 1. The common theme of food for New Year’s Day is _______. A. to show its deliciousness and sell well in market B. to celebrate new year and wish for blessings from nature C. to eat and drink well and hope for a fancy new year D. to say farewell to the old year and welcome the new year 2. Which dish is believed to bring good luck in the new year? A. Twelve grapes. B. Hoppin’John. C. Tamales. D. Soba noodles. 3. Which group of people would share fond with neighbors on New Year’s Day? A. The Americans. B. The Mexicans. C. The Spanish. D. The Japanese. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家过新年时的饮食习俗的不同，以及其代表的含义。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The particulars vary, but the general theme is the same: Enjoy food and drink to bring in a year of prosperity. (具体情况各不相同，但总体主题是一样的：享受美食和饮料，带来一年的繁荣。) ”可知，新年的共同主题是尽情享受美食，畅饮佳肴，期待美好的新年。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据Hoppin’ John, American South中的“The dish is said to bring good luck in the new year. (据说这道菜能在新的一年里带来好运。)”可知，Hoppin’ John这道菜被认为能在新年带来好运。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据Tamales, Mexico中的“Tamales, corn dough filled with meat, cheese and other delicious additions and wrapped in a banana leaf or a corn husk, make appearances at pretty much every special occasion in Mexico. In many families, groups of women gather together to make hundreds of the little packets to hand out to friends, family and neighbors. (墨西哥玉米粉蒸肉(Tamales)是一种玉米面团，里面夹着肉、奶酪和其他美味的配料，用香蕉叶或玉米皮包裹着，几乎在墨西哥的每一个特殊场合都会出现。在许多家庭中，成群的妇女聚在一起制作数百个小包裹，分发给朋友、家人和邻居。)”可知墨西哥人会在元旦与邻居分享美食，故选B。 五、（2022-2023学年下学期江苏常州高一期末）完形填空 Third graders from Wolfsville Elementary School spent Monday afternoon getting their hands dirty and their shoes wet during an informative trout release(鳟鱼放生). The trout, which the students had been 1 in their classroom since last December, were 2 ready to be released into their natural environment. The students carefully 3 them from a big container to a red plastic cup to the creek(溪). They then 4 the trout fingerlings (仔鱼) they’d been watching over for five months. Wolfsville Elementary has been doing a trout release 5 spring for the past decade as part of a national 6 called “Trout in the Classroom”, which provides students with trout eggs to 7 and eventually release into water as fish. Through the partnership, students learn various 8 such as water pH, animal lifecycles and environmental science, said Rebecca Butler, Wolfsville Elementary’s third grade teacher. “We try to get them outside and away from video games, and hopefully they 9 that clean water is important and 10 else is going to take care of our resources, so they learn to care for them,” Butler said. McKinna Hidalgo, a third grader at Wolfsville, said she 11 letting the trout go in the water and seeing them 12 away, after first meeting them as 13 . The favorite part for Hidalgo’s classmate Macie Lader, however, was getting to go into the creek. Her socks and shoes were 14 , but she didn’t care. Right before moving on to her next station, Macie took off her 15 , dumped(倾倒) all the water out and flashed a wide smile. 1. A. hiding B. raising C. waiting D. training 2. A. usually B. probably C. nearly D. finally 3. A. transported B. followed C. changed D. saved 4. A. made up for B. got along with C. waved goodbye to D. took advantage of 5. A. one B. next C. every D. another 6. A. program B. park C. team D. tour 7. A. play with B. care for C. clean D. eat 8. A. courses B. tips C. skills D. topics 9. A. fear B. learn C. doubt D. show 10. A. nobody B. nothing C. somebody D. something 11. A. hated B. forgot C. loved D. remembered 12. A. fly B. swim C. run D. walk 13. A. eggs B. fishes C. friends D. strangers 14. A. old B. wet C. lost D. clean 15. A. gloves B. glasses C. shoes D. shorts 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了Wolfsville学校的“教室里的鳟鱼”项目，该项目为学生提供鳟鱼卵，学生将鱼卵养大后放生。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自去年12月以来，学生们一直在教室里养鳟鱼，现在终于可以放回自然环境了。A. hiding躲藏；B. raising增加，抚养；C. waiting等待；D. training培训。根据第二段中“the trout fingerlings (仔鱼) they’d been watching over for five months(他们照看了五个月的仔鱼)”以及下文“called “Trout in the Classroom”, which provides students with trout eggs to ___7___ and eventually release into water as fish.”可知，“教室里的鳟鱼”项目是为学生提供鳟鱼卵，学生将它们养大后放生，故选B。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. usually通常；B. probably可能；C. nearly几乎；D. finally最后，终于。结合语境及“since last December”可知，学生从去年12月就开始养鳟鱼，此处指现在终于可以放回自然环境了，故选D。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们小心翼翼地把它们从一个大容器运到一个红色的塑料杯里，放到小溪里。A. transported运送，搬运；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. saved挽救。根据“from a big container to a red plastic cup to the creek”及语境可知，此处是描述学生放生鳟鱼，指他们把鳟鱼从从一个大容器运到一个红色的塑料杯里，放到小溪里，故选A。 4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，他们向他们照看了五个月的鱼仔挥手告别。A. made up for弥补；B. got along with相处；C. waved goodbye to挥手告别；D. took advantage of利用。根据上文“from a big container to a red plastic cup to the creek”可知，学生将鳟鱼放生后应是和它们说再见，故选C。 5. 考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，Wolfsville小学每年春天都会放生鳟鱼，这是一个名为“教室里的鳟鱼”的国家项目的一部分，该项目为学生们提供鳟鱼卵，让他们照顾，最终把鳟鱼放生到水里。A. one一个；B. next下一个；C. every每个；D. another另一。结合“for the past decade”可知，此处指在过去的十年里，Wolfsville小学每年春天都会放生鳟鱼，故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. program项目；B. park公园；C. team团队；D. tour旅游。根据空后“Trout in the Classroom”可知，此处指“教室里的鳟鱼”项目，故选A。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. play with和……玩；B. care for照顾；C. clean清洁；D. eat吃。根据第二段末句中“the trout fingerlings (仔鱼) they’d been watching over for five months”可知，学生照顾鳟鱼卵，此处用care for，和上文的“watch over”同义，故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wolfsville小学三年级老师Rebecca Butler说，通过合作，学生们可以学习各种主题，如水的pH值、动物的生命周期和环境科学。A. courses课程；B. tips建议；C. skills技能，技巧；D. topics话题，主题。根据空后“such as water pH, animal lifecycles and environmental science”可知，此处指学生们通过照顾鳟鱼卵可以学习不同主题的知识，故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Butler说：“我们试图让他们走出家门，远离电子游戏，希望他们明白干净的水很重要，没有人会照顾我们的资源，所以他们学会照顾他们。”A. fear害怕；B. learn学习；C. doubt怀疑；D. show展示。根据上文“students learn various ___8___ such as water pH”和下文“so they learn to care for them”可知，此处是描述学生通过该项目学习到了什么，故选B。 10. 考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nobody没有人；B. nothing没什么事情；C. somebody有人；D. something某事。根据“so they learn to care for them”可知，此处指没有人会照顾我们的资源，所以他们学会照顾它们，故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：McKinna Hidalgo是Wolfsville的一名三年级学生，她说她很喜欢把鳟鱼放进水里，看着它们游开，因为她第一次见到鳟鱼时它们还是卵。A. hated憎恨；B. forgot忘记；C. loved喜爱；D. remembered想起，记得。根据下一段中“The favorite part for Hidalgo’s classmate Macie Lader”可知，最后两段是描述McKinna Hidalgo和她的同学对于放生鳟鱼最喜欢的部分，故选C。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fly飞行；B. swim游泳；C. run跑；D. walk走路。根据“letting the trout go in the water”可知，鳟鱼被放到水里后应是游走，故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eggs蛋，卵；B. fishes鱼；C. friends朋友；D. strangers陌生人。根据第三段中“which provides students with trout eggs”可知，鳟鱼放生项目为学生提供鳟鱼卵，所以学生第一次见到的是鱼卵，故选A。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的袜子和鞋子都湿了，但她不在乎。A. old旧的；B. wet湿的；C. lost丢失的；D. clean干净的。根据第一段中“getting their hands dirty and their shoes wet”可知，学生放生鳟鱼时会弄湿鞋袜，故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在前往下一站之前，Macie脱下鞋子，把所有的水倒掉，露出灿烂的笑容。A. gloves手套；B. glasses眼镜；C. shoes鞋子；D. shorts短裤。上文“Her socks and shoes were ____14____ ”提到她会弄湿鞋袜，故此处指脱掉鞋子，倒出里面的水，故选C。 六、（2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京高一期末）应用文写作 假如你是李华, 你的好友Alice发来邮件说她因为体重过重很苦恼、焦虑。请你给她回封邮件, 内容包括: 1. 表示理解; 2. 提出建议。(至少两点) 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear, Alice, I’m sorry to hear that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Alice, I’m sorry to hear that you're struggling and feeling anxious about your weight. I want you to know that I'm here for you. Here are a couple of suggestions to help you: Firstly, instead of focusing solely on weight, focus to overall health and well-being. Start by incorporating regular physical activities that you enjoy, such as walking, dancing, or swimming. Besides, it’s essential to maintain a balanced and nutritious diet. Avoid strict diets or excessive calorie cutting, as they can be harmful to both your physical and mental health. Instead, aim for a well-rounded diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Lastly, consider seeking support from a professional, such as a nutritionist or a therapist, who can offer personalized guidance and help you develop a healthy relationship with food and your body. Take care of yourself，Alice. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Alice因为体重过重很苦恼、焦虑写一份建议信。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 建议：suggestions→recommendations 必不可少：essential→vital 相反：Instead→On the contrary 心理医生：therapist→psychiatrist 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：Avoid strict diets or excessive calorie cutting, as they can be harmful to both your physical and mental health. 同义句：Refrain from following strict diets or engaging in excessive calorie restriction, as these practices can have detrimental effects on both your physical and mental well-being. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Lastly, consider seeking support from a professional, such as a nutritionist or a therapist, who can offer personalized guidance and help you develop a healthy relationship with food and your body.(运用了由who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, it's essential to maintain a balanced and nutritious diet.(运用了it做形式主语) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$