精品解析：甘肃省白银市会宁县第四中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

会宁四中2023 — 2024学年度第二学期高一级期中考试英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答 有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man dislike? A.Ice cream. B.Apples. C.Oranges. 2.What will the woman do next? A.Attend a meeting. B.Pickup the man’s client. C.Send the man to his office. 3.When will the speakers meet? A.At 5:00. B.At 5:45. C.At 6:15. 4.How does the man suggest the woman go to the Scotch House? A.On foot. B.By subway. C.By bus. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Preparing for the exam. B.Going to a history lecture. C.Getting help from Prof.Martin. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间 阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或 独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What did the woman do? A.She just got a haircut. B.She had her hair color changed. C.She tied her hair up in a different style. 7.What does the man mean by the last sentence? A.The woman looks like the way she wants. B.The woman succeeds in making herself beautiful. C.The woman achieves success by changing her look. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the cause of the man’s problem? A.His overwork. B.His wound. C.His worry 9What is the most important thing for the man now according to the woman? A.Do exercise. B.Have a rest. C.Take some medicine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the man? A.A sports reporter. B.A footballplayer. C.A judge. 11.Which team beat France? A.Argentina. B.Mexico. C.Italy. 12.By what score is Italy leading Haiti now? A.3. B.2. C.1. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Where was Adam born? A.In Germany B.In Japan. C.In Argentina. 14.How long did Adam stay in Berlin? A.A few months. B.One year. C.Eleven years 15.Why did Adam go to Japan? A.To visit friends. B.To work for the BBC. C.To interview some business leaders. 16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? ATeacher and student. B.Travel agent and customer. C.Interviewer and interviewee. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.Who stands in the middle of the three assistants? A.Mary. B.Gladys. C.Daniel. 18.What is Mary in charge of? A.The computer lab. B.Books and periodicals. C.The reference department. 19.When is the library open? A.From Monday to Saturday. B.From Monday to Sunday. C.From Tuesday to Sunday. 20.What will the assistants do next? A.Introduce the library. B.Ask some questions. C.Welcome the parents. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Summer at the Library Starting Thursday, June 9, the New York Public Library is giving away 500,000 free books to kids and teens in branches this summer! Here are also various books for all book lovers to choose from. Drop by and pick up new books to take home for your children and yourself. ●For Babies & Toddlers（学步的孩童） Join the Library this summer-and all year round-for story times, free events and programs, activities, and many more. Plus, explore what you can do at home with your Little Learners！ ●For Kids Read, learn, and have fun all summer long with our all-new Make Waves program！Take the summer reading challenge, join us in branches for our "Summer Cruise" programs, and enter our annual summer writing contest. ●For Teens Make waves this summer by contributing to our brand-new magazine for teens！Plus, join us for Anti-Prom, author talks, arts and crafts（工艺），photography and many more in the branches and online. ●For Adults From book discussions and author talks to a plant exchange and a citywide dance party, there's something for everyone this summer at the Library! Explore everything the Library has to offer. What Else Can You Do at the Library? ●Discover oceans of possibility with free events and programs ●Get a free New York Public Library card ●Visit our free exhibitions Click HERE to learn more details! 1. Who can enter the Library's competition? A. Authors. B. Kids. C. Teens. D. Adults. 2. What can teens and adults both do at the Library? A. Attend a dance party. B. Discuss books online. C. Exchange ideas with authors D. Learn to make artworks. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A travel brochure. C. A magazine. D. A website. B Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢). “Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,” she said. “I thought it would be a great way to inspire others to push their limits because I truly believe that we’re stronger than what we think. And I’ve been so pleasantly surprised that my body is held up, everything is held up and I’ve made it to 104.” She actually did not pick up the sport until after she lost the lower part of her left leg in 2001 to a type of cancer called Ewing sarcoma. Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued. All together, Hunt-Broersma ran over 4, 385 kilometers. During that time she has had a lot of time to think and has learned a few things about herself. “It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,” she said. “And our bodies are just amazing ... This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s told me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.” 4. Why did Hunt-Broersma decide to run marathons? A. She wanted to set a new record. B. She intended to challenge herself. C. She was driven by her interest. D. She was inspired by people like her. 5. What difficulty did Hunt-Broersma meet with? A. She didn’t get professional training. B. She found it hard to keep her balance. C. She suffered discomfort in her left leg. D. She couldn’t use regular running blades. 6. What message does the author express through the story? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Time works wonders. C. A good beginning is half the battle. D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 7. What may be the author’s attitude towards Hunt-Broersma? A. Annoyed. B. Sympathetic. C. Admiring. D. Humorous. C The hole in the ozone (臭氧) layer, one layer of the stratosphere (平流层), began to form over Antarctica in August 2023, causing warnings that a larger-than-average hole could further warm the Southern Ocean while the level of Antarctic sea ice is at a record low. Dr. Martin Jocker at the University of New South Wales said the bole usually began forming at the end of September, peaking in October before closing in November or December. The ozone hole is an annual thinning of the strutosphere’s ozone layer, which has a high concentration of ozone. The hole has been “recovering” over time and ozone levels over the Antarctic are expected to return to 1980 levels by 2066. The development of the ozone hole in 2023 was not adventitious. The ozone hole is usually smaller during El Niño years, but the model of Jucker suggested it would be larger than usual in 2023 due to the undersea Tonga volcanic explosion in 2022, which was likely to have an impact on the ozone layer in the years following. In early August, the formation was about average for the day of the year. This increased rapidly in the next few days, producing one of the largest observed ozone holes for the time of year. The explosion of the Tonga volcano brought a large amount of water vapour (蒸气) into the stratosphere. “It was about 150 megatonnes. A factor of about three times more water vapour than we usually have,” said Jucker. Ice clouds form in the stratosphere when there is more water vapour than usual, allowing tiny ozone-destructing substances to gather there. Jucker said he was concerned about the impact of the hole on Antarctic sea ice, which has been at record low levels. 8. What do we know about the Antarctic ozone hole? A. It happens every year. B. It keeps at a balanced level. C. It tends to worsen annually. D. It remains the largest on record. 9. What does the underlined word “adventitious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Reasonable. B. Unsettled. C. Rare. D. Unexpected. 10. What is the result of the Tonga volcanic explosion according to the last paragraph? A. The disappearance of ozone. B. The atmospheric changes. C. The decrease of water vapour. D. The formation of destructive substances. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Stratosphere Faces New Threats B. Ozone Levels Are Changing Continuously C. Ozone Hole Forms Earlier Than Usual D. Volcanic Explosion Produces Global Effect D For decades sleep scientists have thought over the link between dreaming and creative inspiration. They have long thought the insight came from the stage of rapid eye movement sleep which is rich with dreams and begins around 90 minutes after one falling asleep. But new evidence puts the spotlight on a much earlier phase — the period that separates sleep and wakefulness. In a study by MIT, researchers show that people who take brief naps (小睡) that bring about the beginning of sleep score higher on several measures of creativity than those who undertake the tasks after staying awake. The findings suggest researchers could even exercise some measure of control over the dreaming process by directing people's dreams toward a specific topic. The more frequently people dreamed about that, the more creative they were on tasks related to it. “We can come to the conclusion that dreaming about a topic enhances your subsequent creativity on it,” says Robert Stickgold, a member of the study team. The experiment took advantage of a glovelike sleep detector, which charts sleep by monitoring one's muscle tone, skin conductance and heart rate through contacts on the wrist and hand. It communicates with an app that issues voice prompts (提示) for dreams and records dream reports. More than one famous thinker has capitalized on the phase called non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1,or N1, illustrating the point about generating creative insights. The painter Salvador Dalí would deliberately nap, holding a set of keys above a metal plate, when thinking over an idea for a painting. As he nodded off, he'd drop the keys, which would hit the plate and wake him up, and he'd hold onto the image from his dream. Thomas Alva Edison is said to have used a similar technique with metal balls to gain insights. “It's exciting because, in principle, people could use the technology themselves to develop creativity,” says Jonathan Schooler, a professor of psychological and brain sciences at the University of California. There seems to be no shortage of folks coming to try it. “So many different kinds of people have visited, knocking on the lab door and asking to have dreams,” co-lead investigator Haar Horowitz says. 12. Which phase boosts creative ideas according to the study? A The initial sleep stage. B. The middle of the sleep cycle. C. The wakefulness after sleep. D. The rapid eye movement sleep stage. 13. What do the findings mentioned in paragraph 2 show? A Physical changes reflect the sleep phase. B. Dream contents re late to real life. C. Creativity levels vary with the nap length. D. The theme of the dream can be guided. 14. What does the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Encourages. B. Improves. C. Tracks. D. Influences. 15. Why are Salvador Dalí and Thomas Alva Edison mentioned? A. To prove the effect of dreams. B. To provide support for the findings. C. To interpret the benefits of N1. D. To give examples of fueling creativity. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Brief and pleasant small talk can promote learning, expand your horizons, and contribute to a sense of belonging. ___16___ We asked experts to share their favorite strategies for getting better at small talk. Take advantage of “free information”. Find help from your surroundings, says Debra Fine, an expert on communication skills. If you’re standing next to someone at a baby shower, for example, the fact that you’re both there is what she calls “free information” — so ask the person how they know the mum-to-be. ___17___ Skip sensitive questions. Avoid controversial (有争议的) topics and potentially sensitive matters (such as religion, relationship status, kids and work). ___18___ You might ask a high school senior to fill you in on their college search, for example, rather than asking if they will get into a famous college. Respond generously. Think of conversation as a game — and aim to be an active player, which requires investing energy in it. If someone asks how you are and you simply respond “Good”, you’re being a “lazy conversationalist”. ___19___ That gives the person you’re talking to plenty to work with if they’d like to continue to chat. ___20___ Some conversations may drag on because people can’t figure out how to end them. Consider introducing the person to someone else, suggests Diane Windingland, and leaving time for them to know each other. Besides, Windingland recommends completing conversations like this: “Please excuse me, I have to talk to so-and-so.” A. Exit the chat gracefully. B. Focus on meaningful topics. C. You can maximize (使最大化) these benefits by mastering some techniques. D. Rather than a single-word response, offer a full sentence in return. E. Your shared reality is a wonderful entry point for deeper conversation. F. Instead, questions like “What keeps you busy outside of work?” are suggested. G. One key to changing that is to first accept that these casual chats are impossible to avoid. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 I have been one of those men who set the same goals every year but rarely ___21___ any of them. I started hot and ready for a ___22___ year each year but that energy ___23___ by the end of February. I came to the end of each year feeling ___24___. At the end of 2016, I reached my ___25___ point. I was tired of being overweight and broke, ___26___ to pay my bills, in ___27___ relationships, and feeling like a(n)___28___ to those in my life. I said “enough”, and started at the beginning of 2017 in a place that ___29___ me — Maui, Hawaii. I spent mornings on the beach reflecting quietly and ___30___ my mentality to process trauma (创伤). I spent days ___31___ how to promote myself in the areas I wanted to, and I got to work. I left Maui a changed man, and the ___32___ to becoming the best version of myself hasn’t stopped since. One of my biggest realizations was the ___33___ of putting myself first and creating goals connected with where I wanted to go in life. Self-prioritization (自我优先) has helped me create goals I can go hard on all year. Self-prioritized goals have led to a better me for everyone else in my life. Life is more ___34___ since making the shift to self-prioritization in goal setting. Understanding and carrying out self-prioritization in your goal-setting can greatly ___35___ how you reach your goals and work on becoming the best version of yourself. 21. A. tried B. ignored C. replaced D. achieved 22. A. productive B. joyful C. colorful D. novel 23. A. picked up B. messed up C. turned away D. faded away 24. A. confused B. defeated C. frightened D. unsatisfied 25. A. turning B. starting C. breaking D. meeting 26. A. intending B. promising C. longing D. struggling 27. A. boring B. unhealthy C. dangerous D. direct 28. A. example B. pride C. disappointment D. annoyance 29. A. impressed B. tested C. attracted D. changed 30. A. enjoyed B. connected C. righted D. dreamed 31. A. discussing B. studying C. choosing D. judging 32. A. journey B. approach C. answer D. solution 33. A. ability B. definitions C. importance D. intention 34. A. rewarding B. precious C. beautiful D. mysterious 35. A. imply B. improve C. contain D. control 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Van Gogh painted ____36____ he saw from his window. But experts thought his mental illness may have ____37____ (affect)his sense of sight. He thought The Starry Night was a ____38____ (fail). ____39____, the fact remains that it is now one of the world’s most famous paintings. Edvard Munch painted a thin figure ____40____ an expression of fear, ____41____is set on a bridge and against a burning orange-red sky, which makes the painting ____42____ (strike). Many experts say The Scream is connected to his mental health problems. René Magritte painted ____43____ same scene 27 times. His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with ____44____ (real). The Empire of Light has produced different ______45______ (react)in viewers. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校校报英语栏目将以“Beijing Opera”为题征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍京剧，包括京剧的起源，角色，服装等。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 会宁四中2023 — 2024学年度第二学期高一级期中考试英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答 有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man dislike? A.Ice cream. B.Apples. C.Oranges. 2.What will the woman do next? A.Attend a meeting. B.Pickup the man’s client. C.Send the man to his office. 3.When will the speakers meet? A.At 5:00. B.At 5:45. C.At 6:15. 4.How does the man suggest the woman go to the Scotch House? A.On foot. B.By subway. C.By bus. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Preparing for the exam. B.Going to a history lecture. C.Getting help from Prof.Martin. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间 阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或 独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What did the woman do? A.She just got a haircut. B.She had her hair color changed. C.She tied her hair up in a different style. 7.What does the man mean by the last sentence? A.The woman looks like the way she wants. B.The woman succeeds in making herself beautiful. C.The woman achieves success by changing her look. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the cause of the man’s problem? A.His overwork. B.His wound. C.His worry 9.What is the most important thing for the man now according to the woman? A.Do exercise. B.Have a rest. C.Take some medicine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the man? A.A sports reporter. B.A footballplayer. C.A judge. 11.Which team beat France? A.Argentina. B.Mexico. C.Italy. 12.By what score is Italy leading Haiti now? A.3. B.2. C.1. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Where was Adam born? A.In Germany B.In Japan. C.In Argentina. 14.How long did Adam stay in Berlin? A.A few months. B.One year. C.Eleven years 15.Why did Adam go to Japan? A.To visit friends. B.To work for the BBC. C.To interview some business leaders. 16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Teacher and student. B.Travel agent and customer. C.Interviewer and interviewee. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.Who stands in the middle of the three assistants? A.Mary. B.Gladys. C.Daniel. 18.What is Mary in charge of? A.The computer lab. B.Books and periodicals. C.The reference department. 19.When is the library open? A.From Monday to Saturday. B.From Monday to Sunday. C.From Tuesday to Sunday. 20.What will the assistants do next? A.Introduce the library. B.Ask some questions. C.Welcome the parents. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Summer at the Library Starting Thursday, June 9, the New York Public Library is giving away 500,000 free books to kids and teens in branches this summer! Here are also various books for all book lovers to choose from. Drop by and pick up new books to take home for your children and yourself. ●For Babies & Toddlers（学步的孩童） Join the Library this summer-and all year round-for story times, free events and programs, activities, and many more. Plus, explore what you can do at home with your Little Learners！ ●For Kids Read, learn, and have fun all summer long with our all-new Make Waves program！Take the summer reading challenge, join us in branches for our "Summer Cruise" programs, and enter our annual summer writing contest. ●For Teens Make waves this summer by contributing to our brand-new magazine for teens！Plus, join us for Anti-Prom, author talks, arts and crafts（工艺），photography and many more in the branches and online. ●For Adults From book discussions and author talks to a plant exchange and a citywide dance party, there's something for everyone this summer at the Library! Explore everything the Library has to offer. What Else Can You Do at the Library? ●Discover oceans of possibility with free events and programs ●Get a free New York Public Library card ●Visit our free exhibitions Click HERE to learn more details! 1. Who can enter the Library's competition? A. Authors. B. Kids. C. Teens. D. Adults. 2. What can teens and adults both do at the Library? A Attend a dance party. B. Discuss books online. C. Exchange ideas with authors D. Learn to make artworks. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A travel brochure. C. A magazine. D. A website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍纽约公共图书馆将在今年夏天向儿童和青少年免费赠送50万本书，同时介绍了针对不同年龄的书籍和活动，希望人们参与和购买。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据For Kids部分的“Take the summer reading challenge, join us in branches for our "Summer Cruise" programs, and enter our annual summer writing contest.(参加暑期阅读挑战，加入我们的“暑期游船”项目，参加一年一度的暑期写作比赛。)”可知，孩子们可以参加写作比赛。故选B。 2.细节理解。根据For Teens 部分的“Plus, join us for Anti-Prom, author talks, arts and crafts（工艺），photography and many more in the branches and online.(此外，在分支和网上加入我们的反舞会行动，作者讲座，艺术和手工艺，摄影和更多的活动。)”和For Adults 部分的“From book discussions and author talks to a plant exchange and a citywide dance party, there's something for everyone this summer at the Library!(从书籍讨论和作者谈话到植物交换和全市范围的舞会，这个夏天图书馆有适合每个人的东西!)”可知，青少年和成年人都能在这个图书馆与作者对话，交流想法。故选C。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click HERE to learn more details！(点击这里了解更多细节)”可以推知，这篇文章可能摘自一个网页。故选D。 B Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢). “Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,” she said. “I thought it would be a great way to inspire others to push their limits because I truly believe that we’re stronger than what we think. And I’ve been so pleasantly surprised that my body is held up, everything is held up and I’ve made it to 104.” She actually did not pick up the sport until after she lost the lower part of her left leg in 2001 to a type of cancer called Ewing sarcoma. Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued. All together, Hunt-Broersma ran over 4, 385 kilometers. During that time she has had a lot of time to think and has learned a few things about herself. “It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,” she said. “And our bodies are just amazing ... This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s told me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.” 4. Why did Hunt-Broersma decide to run marathons? A. She wanted to set a new record. B. She intended to challenge herself. C. She was driven by her interest. D. She was inspired by people like her. 5. What difficulty did Hunt-Broersma meet with? A. She didn’t get professional training. B. She found it hard to keep her balance. C. She suffered discomfort in her left leg. D. She couldn’t use regular running blades. 6. What message does the author express through the story? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Time works wonders. C. A good beginning is half the battle. D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 7. What may be the author’s attitude towards Hunt-Broersma? A. Annoyed. B. Sympathetic. C. Admiring. D. Humorous. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jacky Hunt-Broersma虽然由于癌症而左腿截肢，但是借助假肢连续104天跑104场马拉松的励志故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的““Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,” she said. (‘以前有健全的人这样做过。我想看看我能否在义肢上做到这一点，看看会发生什么。’她说。)”可知，先前曾有体格健全的人连续跑马拉松，Hunt-Broersma想看看自己戴着假肢能不能连续跑马拉松；由此可知，Hunt-Broersma决定跑马拉松是为了挑战自我。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued.(使用假肢的跑步者不能使用普通的假肢。他们需要一个刀锋式跑步义肢。Hunt-Broersma两个刀锋式跑步义肢，但她只能用其中一个，因为她左腿肿胀，无法连接到另一把刀。但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma跑马拉松时要忍受左腿肿胀带来的不适和痛苦。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued.(但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”和最后一段中的““It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,” she said. “And our bodies are just amazing ... This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s told me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.”(‘它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，’她说：‘我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。’)”可知，Hunt-Broersma克服身体的不适并坚持跑完了马拉松，虽然过程很艰难，但Hunt-Broersma明白了一个人可以有多强大，坚定的决心有多重要以及她自己究竟可以走多远。由此可知，作者通过Hunt-Broersma的故事告诉读者只要有坚定意志与决心，就没有不可能的事情，面对艰难困苦，只要我们迎难而上，坚持不懈，就能取得成功。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢).(上个月跑马拉松的大多数人在赛前休息和赛后恢复上都花了几天时间。但Jacky Hunt-Broersma不是。她总共在104天内跑了104场马拉松。如果吉尼斯世界纪录证实，这将是一项新的世界纪录。她用一条腿和一个假肢完成了这一切。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma在104天内跑了104场马拉松，赛前没有休息，赛后也没有时间恢复；再结合第二段提到的她勇于挑战自己、第三段提到的她努力克服身体的不适以及最后一段她的感悟可知，作者对Hunt-Broersma的态度是钦佩赞赏的。故选C。 C The hole in the ozone (臭氧) layer, one layer of the stratosphere (平流层), began to form over Antarctica in August 2023, causing warnings that a larger-than-average hole could further warm the Southern Ocean while the level of Antarctic sea ice is at a record low. Dr. Martin Jocker at the University of New South Wales said the bole usually began forming at the end of September, peaking in October before closing in November or December. The ozone hole is an annual thinning of the strutosphere’s ozone layer, which has a high concentration of ozone. The hole has been “recovering” over time and ozone levels over the Antarctic are expected to return to 1980 levels by 2066. The development of the ozone hole in 2023 was not adventitious. The ozone hole is usually smaller during El Niño years, but the model of Jucker suggested it would be larger than usual in 2023 due to the undersea Tonga volcanic explosion in 2022, which was likely to have an impact on the ozone layer in the years following. In early August, the formation was about average for the day of the year. This increased rapidly in the next few days, producing one of the largest observed ozone holes for the time of year. The explosion of the Tonga volcano brought a large amount of water vapour (蒸气) into the stratosphere. “It was about 150 megatonnes. A factor of about three times more water vapour than we usually have,” said Jucker. Ice clouds form in the stratosphere when there is more water vapour than usual, allowing tiny ozone-destructing substances to gather there. Jucker said he was concerned about the impact of the hole on Antarctic sea ice, which has been at record low levels. 8. What do we know about the Antarctic ozone hole? A. It happens every year. B. It keeps at a balanced level. C. It tends to worsen annually. D. It remains the largest on record. 9. What does the underlined word “adventitious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Reasonable. B. Unsettled. C. Rare. D. Unexpected. 10. What is the result of the Tonga volcanic explosion according to the last paragraph? A. The disappearance of ozone. B. The atmospheric changes. C. The decrease of water vapour. D. The formation of destructive substances. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Stratosphere Faces New Threats B. Ozone Levels Are Changing Continuously C. Ozone Hole Forms Earlier Than Usual D. Volcanic Explosion Produces Global Effect 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是由于汤加海底火山的爆发引起大气变化，2023年南极洲上空臭氧空洞提前出现。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The ozone hole is an annual thinning of the strutosphere’s ozone layer, which has a high concentration of ozone.(臭氧空洞是臭氧浓度很高的结构层臭氧层每年变薄的现象)”可知，南极臭氧空洞每年都会发生，故选A。 9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The ozone hole is usually smaller during El Niño years, but the model of Jucker suggested it would be larger than usual in 2023 due to the undersea Tonga volcanic explosion in 2022, which was likely to have an impact on the ozone layer in the years following.(在厄尔尼诺年期间，臭氧空洞通常较小，但Jucker的模型显示，由于2022年汤加海底火山爆发，2023年臭氧空洞将比平时更大，这可能会在接下来的几年里对臭氧层产生影响)”可知，2023年的臭氧空洞的发展是提前预料到的，也就是不是偶然发生的，因此画线词的含义为“偶然发生的，非计划中的”，和unexpected意思相近，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The explosion of the Tonga volcano brought a large amount of water vapour (蒸气) into the stratosphere. “It was about 150 megatonnes. A factor of about three times more water vapour than we usually have,” said Jucker. Ice clouds form in the stratosphere when there is more water vapour than usual, allowing tiny ozone-destructing substances to gather there.(汤加火山的爆发将大量的水蒸气带入了平流层。“大约有1.5亿吨。大约是我们通常拥有的水蒸气的三倍，”Jucker说。当水蒸气比平时多的时候，平流层就会形成冰云，使得破坏臭氧层的微小物质聚集在那里)”可知，火山喷发向平流层排放大量水蒸气，当平流层中的水蒸气比平常多时，会形成冰云，破坏臭氧层的微粒会在那里聚集。由此可推知，汤加火山爆发引起了大气的变化。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The hole in the ozone layer, one layer of the stratosphere (平流层), began to form over Antarctica in August 2023, causing warnings that a larger-than-average hole could further warm the Southern Ocean while the level of Antarctic sea ice is at a record low. Dr. Martin Jocker at the University of New South Wales said the bole usually began forming at the end of September, peaking in October before closing in November or December.(平流层的臭氧层空洞于2023年8月开始在南极洲上空形成，有人警告说，一个比平均水平更大的空洞可能会进一步使南大洋变暖，而南极海冰的水平处于历史最低水平。新南威尔士大学的Martin Jocker博士说，这个洞通常在9月底开始形成，在10月达到顶峰，然后在11月或12月关闭)”可知，本文在首段讲到臭氧空洞通常在九月底开始形成，但2023年提前了，在八月份就开始形成了。接着，作者围绕该话题介绍了臭氧空洞的特点、对这种现象的研究以及这种现象的成因等。故C项“Ozone Hole Forms Earlier Than Usual(臭氧空洞比平常形成得更早)”适合作标题。故选C。 D For decades sleep scientists have thought over the link between dreaming and creative inspiration. They have long thought the insight came from the stage of rapid eye movement sleep, which is rich with dreams and begins around 90 minutes after one falling asleep. But new evidence puts the spotlight on a much earlier phase — the period that separates sleep and wakefulness. In a study by MIT, researchers show that people who take brief naps (小睡) that bring about the beginning of sleep score higher on several measures of creativity than those who undertake the tasks after staying awake. The findings suggest researchers could even exercise some measure of control over the dreaming process by directing people's dreams toward a specific topic. The more frequently people dreamed about that, the more creative they were on tasks related to it. “We can come to the conclusion that dreaming about a topic enhances your subsequent creativity on it,” says Robert Stickgold, a member of the study team. The experiment took advantage of a glovelike sleep detector, which charts sleep by monitoring one's muscle tone, skin conductance and heart rate through contacts on the wrist and hand. It communicates with an app that issues voice prompts (提示) for dreams and records dream reports. More than one famous thinker has capitalized on the phase called non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1,or N1, illustrating the point about generating creative insights. The painter Salvador Dalí would deliberately nap, holding a set of keys above a metal plate, when thinking over an idea for a painting. As he nodded off, he'd drop the keys, which would hit the plate and wake him up, and he'd hold onto the image from his dream. Thomas Alva Edison is said to have used a similar technique with metal balls to gain insights. “It's exciting because, in principle, people could use the technology themselves to develop creativity,” says Jonathan Schooler, a professor of psychological and brain sciences at the University of California. There seems to be no shortage of folks coming to try it. “So many different kinds of people have visited, knocking on the lab door and asking to have dreams,” co-lead investigator Haar Horowitz says. 12. Which phase boosts creative ideas according to the study? A. The initial sleep stage. B. The middle of the sleep cycle. C. The wakefulness after sleep. D. The rapid eye movement sleep stage. 13. What do the findings mentioned in paragraph 2 show? A. Physical changes reflect the sleep phase. B. Dream contents re late to real life. C. Creativity levels vary with the nap length. D. The theme of the dream can be guided. 14. What does the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Encourages. B. Improves. C. Tracks. D. Influences. 15. Why are Salvador Dalí and Thomas Alva Edison mentioned? A. To prove the effect of dreams. B. To provide support for the findings. C. To interpret the benefits of N1. D. To give examples of fueling creativity. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。实验表明，睡眠初始阶段的梦境是创造力最活跃的阶段，人类有希望利用这一睡眠阶段提升创造力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But now evidence pats the spotlight on a much earlier phase — the period that separates asleep and wakefulness. In a study by MIT, researchers show that people who take brief naps (小睡) that bring about the beginning of sleep score higher on several measures of creativity than three who undertake the tasks after staying awake.(但现在，证据将焦点投向了一个更早的阶段——介于睡眠和清醒之间的时期。麻省理工学院的一项研究表明，那些短暂小睡，进入睡眠初期的人，在多项创造力的测试中得分高于那些一直保持清醒状态完成任务的人)”可知，新的证据将焦点放在一个更早的阶段——睡眠和清醒之间的一段时间。研究发现在睡眠开始前短暂小睡的人在创造力方面得分更高。由此可知，睡眠的初始阶段是创新灵感的来源。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The findings suggest researchers could even exercise some measure of control over the dreaming process by directing people's dreams toward a specific topic(这项研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过引导人们的梦境向特定主题发展，来对做梦过程进行一定程度的控制)”可知，研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过将人们的梦境引向特定主题来对做梦过程进行某种程度的控制。由此可知，梦境的主题可以被引导。故选D项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“by monitoring one's muscle tone, skin conductance and heart rate through contacts on the wrist and hand. It communicates with an app that issues voice prompts (提示) for dreams and records dream reports(通过手腕和手部触点来监测一个人的肌肉紧张度、皮肤电导率和心率。它与一个应用程序通信，该应用程序会发出梦境提示并记录梦境报告)”可知，下文提到通过手腕和手上的接触器监测一个人的肌肉紧张性、皮肤电导率和心率，它与一个应用程序进行通信，该应用程序会发出梦境语音提示并记录梦境报告。由此推知，它应是能跟踪睡眠情况，划线词的含义应为“跟踪”，故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“More than one famous thinker has capitalized on the phase called non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1, or N1, illustrating the point about generating creative insights. The painter Salvador Dalí would deliberately nap, holding a set of keys above a metal plate, when thinking over an idea for a painting. As he nodded off, he'd drop the keys, which would hit the plate and wake him up, and he'd hold onto the image from his dream. Thomas Alva Edison is said to have used a similar technique with metal balls to gain insights (不止一位著名思想家利用非快速眼动睡眠第一阶段（N1）来阐述激发创造性思维的观点。画家萨尔瓦多·达利在思考绘画创意时，会故意小憩，手里拿着一串钥匙悬在金属板上方。当他打盹时，钥匙会掉落在金属板上，将他惊醒，这时他会牢牢记住梦中的图像。据说托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生也使用了类似的金属球技巧来获取灵感)”可推知，本文提到萨尔瓦多·达利和托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是为他们的发现提供佐证，来支撑研究发现，故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Brief and pleasant small talk can promote learning, expand your horizons, and contribute to a sense of belonging. ___16___ We asked experts to share their favorite strategies for getting better at small talk. Take advantage of “free information”. Find help from your surroundings, says Debra Fine, an expert on communication skills. If you’re standing next to someone at a baby shower, for example, the fact that you’re both there is what she calls “free information” — so ask the person how they know the mum-to-be. ___17___ Skip sensitive questions. Avoid controversial (有争议的) topics and potentially sensitive matters (such as religion, relationship status, kids and work). ___18___ You might ask a high school senior to fill you in on their college search, for example, rather than asking if they will get into a famous college. Respond generously. Think of conversation as a game — and aim to be an active player, which requires investing energy in it. If someone asks how you are and you simply respond “Good”, you’re being a “lazy conversationalist”. ___19___ That gives the person you’re talking to plenty to work with if they’d like to continue to chat. ___20___ Some conversations may drag on because people can’t figure out how to end them. Consider introducing the person to someone else, suggests Diane Windingland, and leaving time for them to know each other. Besides, Windingland recommends completing conversations like this: “Please excuse me, I have to talk to so-and-so.” A. Exit the chat gracefully. B. Focus on meaningful topics. C. You can maximize (使最大化) these benefits by mastering some techniques. D. Rather than a single-word response, offer a full sentence in return. E. Your shared reality is a wonderful entry point for deeper conversation. F. Instead, questions like “What keeps you busy outside of work?” are suggested. G One key to changing that is to first accept that these casual chats are impossible to avoid. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何顺利开展简短而愉快的闲聊提供了一些方法和策略。 【16题详解】 空前“Brief and pleasant small talk can promote learning, expand your horizons, and contribute to a sense of belonging.(简短而愉快的闲聊可以促进学习，扩大视野，并有助于建立归属感)”提到了简短而愉快的闲聊能给人们带来的好处，结合下文提到了开展这种闲聊的方法。因此空处应与闲聊的好处以及开展闲聊的方法相关，C项“你可以通过掌握一些技巧来最大化这些好处”符合语境。C项中的“these benefits”与空前的“promote learning ... and contribute to a sense of belonging”相照应，“some techniques”与空后的“strategies”相照应。故选C。 【17题详解】 空前“Find help from your surroundings, says Debra Fine, an expert on communication skills. If you’re standing next to someone at a baby shower, for example, the fact that you’re both there is what she calls “free information” — so ask the person how they know the mum-to-be.(沟通技巧专家黛布拉·法恩说，从周围环境中寻求帮助。例如，如果你在迎婴派对上站在某人旁边，你俩都在场的事实就是她所说的“免费信息”——所以问问那个人他们是怎么认识这位准妈妈的)”主要提到如果你在迎婴派对上站在某人旁边，你们都在场的事实就是“免费信息”，要学会利用这种信息开展闲聊。因此空处应和利用两人的共同点开展闲聊有关。E项“你们共同的现实是进行更深入对话的绝佳切入点”承接上文内容，与本段主旨相呼应。E项中的“Your shared reality”和上文中提到的“the fact that you’re both there”相呼应。后半部分中的“for deeper conversation”也与进一步开展闲聊相关。故选E。 【18题详解】 空前“Avoid controversial (有争议的) topics and potentially sensitive matters (such as religion, relationship status, kids and work).(避免有争议的话题和潜在的敏感问题（比如宗教、感情状况、孩子和工作）)”提到避开有争议的话题和潜在的敏感问题，空后“You might ask a high school senior to fill you in on their college search, for example, rather than asking if they will get into a famous college.(例如，你可以让一个高三学生告诉你他们找大学的情况，而不是问他们是否能进入一所著名的大学)”举例说明了进行闲聊时应该怎么询问。因此空处应与应该询问什么样的问题相关。F项“相反，你应该问这样的问题：“工作之余是什么让你这么忙？”的建议。”提到了应该询问的问题，符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 空前“If someone asks how you are and you simply respond “Good”, you’re being a “lazy conversationalist”.( 如果有人问你怎么样，而你只是简单地回答“很好”，那你就是一个“懒惰健谈者”)”讲到如果有人问你过得怎么样，而你只是简单地回答“很好”，那你就是一个“懒于交谈的人”。空后指出如果对方愿意继续聊天，这就给了你们足够的聊天空间。由此可推断空处应与不要回答得太简单，要多说一些内容相关，D项“与其用一个词来回应，不如用一个完整的句子来回应”符合语境。D项中的“Rather than a single-word response”与空前内容相照应，“offer a full sentence in return”与空后内容衔接。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Some conversations may drag on because people can’t figure out how to end them. Consider introducing the person to someone else, suggests Diane Windingland, and leaving time for them to know each other. Besides, Windingland recommends completing conversations like this: “Please excuse me, I have to talk to so-and-so.(有些对话可能会拖延下去，因为人们不知道如何结束。Diane Windingland建议，考虑把这个人介绍给其他人，并留出时间让他们相互了解。此外，Windingland建议这样结束对话：“请原谅，我得和某某谈谈。”)”可知，该段主要讲述了如何退出一场闲聊。A项“优雅地退出闲聊”与下文内容联系紧密，符合语境。且A项语言比较简练，符合段落小标题的特征。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 I have been one of those men who set the same goals every year but rarely ___21___ any of them. I started hot and ready for a ___22___ year each year but that energy ___23___ by the end of February. I came to the end of each year feeling ___24___. At the end of 2016, I reached my ___25___ point. I was tired of being overweight and broke, ___26___ to pay my bills, in ___27___ relationships, and feeling like a(n)___28___ to those in my life. I said “enough”, and started at the beginning of 2017 in a place that ___29___ me — Maui, Hawaii. I spent mornings on the beach reflecting quietly and ___30___ my mentality to process trauma (创伤). I spent days ___31___ how to promote myself in the areas I wanted to, and I got to work. I left Maui a changed man, and the ___32___ to becoming the best version of myself hasn’t stopped since. One of my biggest realizations was the ___33___ of putting myself first and creating goals connected with where I wanted to go in life. Self-prioritization (自我优先) has helped me create goals I can go hard on all year. Self-prioritized goals have led to a better me for everyone else in my life. Life is more ___34___ since making the shift to self-prioritization in goal setting. Understanding and carrying out self-prioritization in your goal-setting can greatly ___35___ how you reach your goals and work on becoming the best version of yourself. 21. A. tried B. ignored C. replaced D. achieved 22. A. productive B. joyful C. colorful D. novel 23. A. picked up B. messed up C. turned away D. faded away 24. A. confused B. defeated C. frightened D. unsatisfied 25. A. turning B. starting C. breaking D. meeting 26. A. intending B. promising C. longing D. struggling 27. A. boring B. unhealthy C. dangerous D. direct 28. A. example B. pride C. disappointment D. annoyance 29. A. impressed B. tested C. attracted D. changed 30. A. enjoyed B. connected C. righted D. dreamed 31. A. discussing B. studying C. choosing D. judging 32. A. journey B. approach C. answer D. solution 33. A. ability B. definitions C. importance D. intention 34. A. rewarding B. precious C. beautiful D. mysterious 35. A. imply B. improve C. contain D. control 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经面临一系列的不顺利，到了崩溃的边缘，于是开始寻求改变，把自己放在第一位，努力成为最好的自己。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我就是那种每年都设定同样目标却很少实现的人——一个也没有实现。A. tried尝试；B. ignored忽视；C. replaced代替；D. achieved实现。根据上文“set the same goals every year”此处指没能实现目标。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A. productive多产的；B. joyful快乐的；C. colorful多彩的；D. novel新颖的。根据上文“I started hot and ready for a”指作者每年热闹地制定很多目标，准备好迎接丰收的一年，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A. picked up捡起；B. messed up弄乱；C. turned away转移；D. faded away消失。根据上文“but that energy”中but表示转折，说明这种活力在2月底就消失了。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每到年末，我都感到挫败。A. confused困惑的；B. defeated被击败的；C. frightened害怕的；D. unsatisfied不满足的。根据上文可知作者每年都没能实现目标，所以感到挫败。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年底，我到了崩溃的边缘。A. turning转弯；B. starting开始；C. breaking崩溃，打破；D. meeting遇见。后文列举了作者一系列的不顺利，所以是到了崩溃的边缘。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A. intending打算；B. promising承诺；C. longing渴望；D. struggling努力。根据后文“to pay my bills”指作者支付账单很挣扎，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A. boring无聊的；B. unhealthy不健康的；C. dangerous危险的；D. direct直接的。根据上文“I was tired of being overweight and broke”可知，主要列举了作者一系列的不顺利，推测是不健康的关系。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A. example例子；B. pride骄傲；C. disappointment失望；D. annoyance烦恼。根据上文提到了作者的人际关系不健康，所以是对生活中的人感到失望。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说了“够了”，并于2017年初开始在一个改变了我的地方——夏威夷毛伊岛。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. tested测试；C. attracted吸引；D. changed改变。根据后文“how to promote myself in the areas I wanted to, and I got to work”可知，作者开始在2017年改变自己。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天早上都在海滩上静静地反思，调整自己的心态来处理创伤。A. enjoyed欣赏；B. connected连接；C. righted纠正；D. dreamed梦想。根据后文“my mentality to process trauma”指作者调整自己的心态来处理创伤。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了几天时间研究如何在我想要的领域提升自己，然后开始工作。A. discussing讨论；B. studying学习；C. choosing选择；D. judging判断。根据后文“how to promote myself in the areas I wanted to”指作者研究如何在想要的领域提升自己，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开毛伊岛后，我变了一个人，成为最好的自己的旅程从未停止过。A. journey旅程；B. approach方法；C. answer回答；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“to becoming the best version of myself hasn’t stopped since”可知，作者开始了成为最好的自己的旅程。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最大的认识之一就是把自己放在第一位，并制定与我想要的生活方向相关的目标。A. ability能力；B. definitions定义；C. importance重要性；D. intention意图。根据后文“of putting myself first”指把自己放在第一位的重要性是作者最大的认识之一。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活变得更有意义了，因为我们在设定目标的时候，改变了自己的优先顺序。A. rewarding有意义的；B. precious宝贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据后文“making the shift to self-prioritization in goal setting”可知，当我们把自己放在了第一位，生活变得更有意义。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你的目标设定中理解并执行自我优先级可以极大地改善你实现目标的方式，并努力成为最好的自己。A. imply暗示；B. improve改善；C. contain包含；D. control控制。呼应上文“how to promote myself”此处指改善实现目标的方式。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Van Gogh painted ____36____ he saw from his window. But experts thought his mental illness may have ____37____ (affect)his sense of sight. He thought The Starry Night was a ____38____ (fail). ____39____, the fact remains that it is now one of the world’s most famous paintings. Edvard Munch painted a thin figure ____40____ an expression of fear, ____41____is set on a bridge and against a burning orange-red sky, which makes the painting ____42____ (strike). Many experts say The Scream is connected to his mental health problems. René Magritte painted ____43____ same scene 27 times. His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with ____44____ (real). The Empire of Light has produced different ______45______ (react)in viewers. 【答案】36. what 37. affected 38. failure 39. However 40. with 41. which 42. striking 43. the 44. reality 45. reactions 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了梵高、爱德华·蒙克和雷内·马格里特三位著名画家的部分作品及其背后的创作动机。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：梵高画了他从窗户看到的东西。此处是一个宾语从句，缺少宾语，指代“他看到的东西”，故填what。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：但专家认为，他的精神疾病可能已经影响了他的视觉。因此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填affected。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：他认为《星夜》是失败的。本句为包含宾语从句的复合句，空白处在宾语从句中作表语，使用名词，因该词表示“失败”含义的时候为不可数名词，使用单数，故填failure。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，事实仍然是，它现在是世界上最著名的画作之一。根据下文“the fact remains that it is now one of the world’s most famous paintings(事实仍然是，它现在是世界上最著名的画作之一)”可知，此处需要一个副词来连接前后两个句子，表示转折关系，故填However。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：爱德华·蒙克画了一个瘦弱的人物，表情恐惧。此处需要一个介词来连接“thin figure”和“an expression of fear”，做伴随状语表示人物的表情，故填with。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个人物站在桥上，背景是一片燃烧的橙红色天空，这使得这幅画非常引人注目。此处是一个定语从句，空白处在从句中作主语，指代“a thin figure with an expression of fear”，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。此处需要一个形容词作宾补，表示“引人注目的”，故填striking。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：雷内·马格里特画了同一个场景27次。the same为固定短语，表示“同样的”，故填the。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的画作是他试图玩弄现实的视觉实验。此处需要一个名词作宾语，表示“现实”，因该词为不可数名词，使用单数形式，故填reality。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：《光之帝国》在观众中产生了不同的反应。根据下文“in viewers(在观众中)”可知此处需要一个名词复数作宾语，表示“不同的反应”，故填reactions。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校校报英语栏目将以“Beijing Opera”为题征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍京剧，包括京剧的起源，角色，服装等。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Beijing Opera Beijing Opera is one of the most famous traditional art forms in China. It originated in the late 18th century and has a long history. The roles in Beijing Opera are diverse, including sheng, dan, jing, and chou. Each role has its unique characteristics and costumes. The costumes are usually very colorful and elaborate, reflecting the characters' personalities and status. Beijing Opera is not only a type of traditional Chinese opera, but also a performance form that contains rich historical culture and artistic value. I believe Beijing Opera is a treasure of Chinese culture that deserves to be passed down. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇投稿。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校校报英语栏目将以“Beijing Opera”为题征文一事，写一篇短文投稿，介绍京剧，包括京剧的起源，角色，服装等。 【详解】词汇积累 著名的：famous → renowned 起源：originate → come into being 多样的：diverse → various 反映：reflect → mirror 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：The roles in Beijing Opera are diverse, including sheng, dan, jing, and chou. 拓展句：The roles in Beijing Opera are diverse, which include sheng, dan, jing, and chou. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Beijing Opera is one of the most famous traditional art forms in China.（使用了“one of + 最高级 + 名词复数”结构） 【高分句型 2】The costumes are usually very colorful and elaborate, reflecting the characters' personalities and status.（使用了现在分词短语作状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. So, they went to the local supermarket together. They bought some special bags for popcorn. When they got home, they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags. With the popcorn, they went to Bernard’s home. They told Bernard how to sell the popcorn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family also felt very happy to help this family. With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. He took the popcorn around to the houses and sold all his popcorn. He earned a lot of money. Then, he wanted to be self-dependent. Therefore, he asked Mrs. Meredith to teach him how to make popcorn. After that, not only did he sell popcorn, but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better. Bernard grew up to be a remarkable man. He did not forget the help of Meredith’s family, and he also did what he could to help those in need. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了善良的梅雷迪斯一家住在一个小社区里。他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床,女主人要照顾丈夫无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩伯纳德也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来梅雷迪斯的孩子想出一个主意，制作爆米花让伯纳德去卖爆米花挣钱故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“梅雷迪思太太听说约翰的主意后，也觉得很好。”可知，第一段可描写梅雷迪思和孩子们一起制作爆米花的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“一切准备就绪后，伯纳德开始了他的新生意。”可知，第二段可描写伯纳德卖光了爆米花并且挣到了很多钱，以及表达对梅雷迪思一家的感恩之情。 2.续写线索：梅雷迪思太太觉得主意很好——决定制作白爆米花——拿着爆米花去了伯纳德家——伯纳德开始了他的新生意——挣到了很多钱——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回到家：got home/went back home/arrive home ②.开始：started out/set out ③.挣钱：earn money/make money 情绪类 ①.感激的：grateful/thankful/ appreciative ②.高兴的：happy /glad 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When they got home, they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。） [高分句型2]. After that, not only did he sell popcorn, but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better.（运用了not only…but also…的固定句型以及not only位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$