16讲：外刊精选+语法专题【句子类型】+中考题型套餐+词汇打卡【字母T】 （讲练）-【一轮通关】备战2025年中考英语讲练测（上海专用）

第十六讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（句子类型）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读回答问题）、词汇打卡(字母T) 外刊精选 When did we start walking for leisure “散步” 的起源 近来，“citywalk（城市漫步）” 成为了一种广受人们欢迎的休闲方式。不论你身处城市还是乡间，出门散步都是一种有益于放松身心的活动。但散步作为一种消遣方式起初并没有被世界各地的人们所接受。本文介绍散步的起源以及它如何演变成为现代人的一项重要日常活动。 ‘Going for a walk’ is a popular pastime among older and younger generations alike because of its well-known benefits for our physical and mental health. But you may be surprised to hear that meandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of pedestrianism. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn’t really a thing” until the 1780s. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity, and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and tramping around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. He walked at an impressive pace of four miles per hour, according to his biography by Peter Ackroyd. But if speed-walking isn’t your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach, preferring to saunter over hills and fields and meander through the woods. He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits, unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. This idea of taking a stroll to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century, but has pedestrian etiquette remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as loitering in conversation and obstructing people behind you with a “sauntering gait”. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. Whether you see yourself more as a casual stroller or a purposeful strider, why not build a habit out of it? 词汇表 go for a walk 散步 pastime 消遣，娱乐 meander 漫步，闲逛 hike 远足 leisure activity 休闲活动 pedestrianism 徒步主义 march 行走 tramp 长途行走 pace 步速 speed-walking 快速行走 wanderer 四处游走的人 saunter 漫步，闲逛 stroll 散步，溜达 pedestrian etiquette 行人礼仪 loiter 游荡，徘徊 gait 步态，步法 step out 走出去 pavement 人行道 stroller 散步的人 strider 阔步行走的人   测验与练习 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. Why is going for a walk a popular pastime? 2. Before people walked for fun, what was walking associated with? 3. True or False? Charles Dickens walked to forget about writing. 4. How is Henry David Thoreau’s approach to walking different to Charles Dickens’s?  5. What two things were pedestrians advised to avoid in the 1780 London Magazine article? 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. There was no clear, straight track, so we had to _______ through the trees. pace           loitered          striding            meander 2. Stopping in the middle of the street without warning is bad _______. leisure activity     pedestrian etiquette     pastime          pavement 3. The doctor assessed the patient’s _______ to identify any signs of discomfort. loiter            strider          wanderer                    gait 4. The adventurous _______ set off on a journey to discover the meaning of life. wanderer       loiter         saunter                   wander 5. We’re walking too fast. Can we try _______ for a while instead? stepping      speed-walking      strolling               striding 【文本翻译】“散步”是一项深受老幼喜爱的消遣活动，因为它对我们的身心健康益处众所周知。但你可能会惊讶地听到，据行人研究专家丹尼尔·盖尔（Daniel Gale）的说法，在美丽的街道上漫步或在山路上徒步一直以来并非都被视为休闲活动。 他说，在英国，直到 18 世纪 80 年代，为了娱乐而散步“并非真正存在”。在此之前，这只是人们出于必要而做的事情，有些人还将其与犯罪活动联系在一起。但对于 19 世纪著名的英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）来说，在伦敦街头行进和在乡间跋涉是创作过程中的重要部分；是吸收周围事物的时间。根据彼得·阿克罗伊德（Peter Ackroyd）为他撰写的传记，他以每小时四英里的惊人速度行走。 但如果快走不是你的菜，也许你可以从另一位富有思想的漫步者那里获得灵感。19 世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）采取了更慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘和田野上闲逛，在树林中蜿蜒穿行。他说，除非每天至少花四个小时散步，否则他无法保持健康和精神状态。 这种通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到了 21 世纪，但是行人礼仪是否依然如故呢？1780 年《伦敦杂志》的一篇文章建议行人避免诸如闲聊闲逛、以“闲逛步态”阻挡身后的人等行为。如今，我们可能还得把分心的手机用户加到这个列表中。 在这个现代时代，当我们许多人被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，走出城市人行道，或者在大自然中迷失方向，这样简单的行为可能对我们的健康产生重大影响。无论你认为自己更像是一个随意的漫步者还是有目的的大步者，为什么不养成这样的习惯呢？ 语法专题 语法精选----句子类型 初中常考英语句子类型 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 1)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 2) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it 注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't 注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。   例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 即学即练 语法同步训练1 句型改写 1.This sign means cars and buses mustn't turn right here. (划线提问) __________ this sign mean? 2. London held the first World Expo in 1851. (划线提问) ______ did London ______ the first Word Expo? 3. She writes to her parents once a week.（划线提问）     _______ ______ does she write to her parents? 4. I've worked in that factory for two years. (划线提问) ______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?           5. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. (划线提问)  _____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work? 6. It's about two kilometres from here to the country. (划线提问)  ______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?       7.Danny likes Chinese food very much. (划线提问) ______ ______ Danny ______Chinese food? 8. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（划线提问）    ______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school? 9. Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）      ______ of his parents ______ a worker. 10. He went to the park with his sister.（划线提问）     _____ ____ ____ he go to the park? 11.We really enjoyed working on the farm.（划线提问）     What _____ you really enjoy ______? 12.That new blue car is my father’s. (划线提问) ________ ________ is your father’s? 13. He's often told to come here.(改成反意疑问句) He's often told to come here, _____ ____? 14. I don't think he will come. (改成反意疑问句) I don't think he will come, _____ ______? 15. Peter often has bread for his breakfast. (改为否定句) Peter often ___________ ___________ bread for his breakfast. 语法同步训练2 选择题 1．（2022·上海中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 2．（2022·上海中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 3．（2021·上海中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 4．（2021·上海中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 5．（2020·上海中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 6．（2018·上海中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 7．（2015·上海中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 8．（2015·上海中考真题）Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 9．（2016·上海中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 10．（2017·上海中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 11．（2014·上海中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 12．（2015·上海中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 13．（2012·上海中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 14．（2012·上海中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 15．（2020·上海统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 16．（2013·上海中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 17．（2012·上海中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so 18．（2012·上海中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 最新模拟考试题 一、选择题 1．（2024·上海长宁·二模）We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ________ they. A．so can B．neither can C．so do D．neither do 2．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 3．（2014·上海奉贤·二模）Mr. Smith’s never angry with their daughter. __________ Mrs. Smith. A．So is B．So has C．Neither is D．Neither has 4．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Give him more time, ________ he will find the answer on his own. A．and B．but C．or D．so 5．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Don’t go home too late, _______ your parents will worry about you a lot. A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Please tell me the truth, _________ I can’t decide how to help you with your next step. A．or B．and C．but D．so 7．（2024·上海静安·二模）Have an aim in life, ________ your energy will be wasted. A．and B．or C．but D．so 8．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ________ you may get overweight again. A．and B．or C．but D．for 9．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）________ brave to face the challenges and difficulties, and you will grow stronger. A．Being B．Be C．To be D．Been 10．（2023·上海杨浦·三模）Hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for the movie with Susan. A．and B．but C．so D．or 11．（2024·上海嘉定·模拟预测）“Sandy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum. A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be 12．（2024·上海宝山·一模）“Jason, ________ afraid of speaking in public. Just believe in yourself.”said Mum. A．not be B．not to be C．be not D．don’t be 13．（2024·上海·模拟预测）______ electrical things with wet hands. A．Don’t touch B．Not touch C．No touch D．Not to touch 14．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）_______ wonderful day it is! Shall we go for a picnic? A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 15．（2024·山东滨州·二模）________ smart the detective is! He helped the lady find her bag at last. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 2、 连词成句 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）is, the heavy traffic, there, too much, because of, noise (连词成句) . 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）on the product, decided, next time, to have another discussion, the managers (连词成句) . 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）enables, to know more, the Internet, about the world, people (连词成句) . 4．（2024·上海普陀·二模）his friends, Jack, at weekends, pays a visit to, usually（连词成句） . 5．（2024·上海金山·二模）passengers, help, the new robots, with, at this airport, their luggage （连词成句) . 6．（2024·上海青浦·二模）used to, Tom’s family, his growth, to record, take pictures (连词成句) . 7．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）tea and coffee, help, get rid of, sleepiness, drinking, can (连词成句) . 8．（2024·上海闵行·二模）because of, people, this Chinese writer, his interesting novels, like （连词成句） . 9．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The farmer fed the chickens in the early morning as usual.（改为否定句） The farmer the chickens in the early morning as usual. 10．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）has made, Susan, further, in Canada, her studies, to, a decision (连词成句) . 11．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）consists of, different countries, the team, from, scientists (连词成句) . 12．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）began, she, her plan, to the group, to explain (连词成句) . 13．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）the heavy rain, get to school, John, because of, on time, mainly, didn’t （连词成句） . 14．（2024·上海松江·一模）the crime, looked for, to solve, the detective, clues(连词成句) . 15．（2024·上海崇明·一模）apologized to, the boy, knocking her down, for, the old lady (连词成句) . 16．（2024·上海宝山·一模）pocket money, cost, the latest helicopter model, the little boy, a lot of (连词成句) . 17．（2023·上海黄浦·三模）to manage, John, me, all the household expenses, expects. （连词成句） . 18．（2023·上海静安·二模）to see, amazing, with our own eyes, it is, such great paintings (连词成句) 19．（2023·上海宝山·二模）go cycling, the heavy rain, decided not to, Judy and her friends, because of (连词成句) . 20．（2023·上海普陀·二模）make friends, to, the summer camp, a great chance, offered, us (连词成句) . 21．（2023·上海嘉定·二模）the way, they, not, have, found, yet, the problem, to, solve (连词成句) . 22．（2023·上海浦东新·二模）of Sunshine School, an outing, are planning, to Shanghai Disney, students (连词成句) . 23．（2023·上海金山·二模）their smartphones, put down, should, to think on their own, teenagers (连词成句) . 24．（2023·上海崇明·二模）take,  in class activities,  should,  an active part,  students（连词成句） . 25．（2023·上海闵行·二模）the new idea, the twins, in the magazine article, are fond of (连词成句) . 26．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）treated, of all skin colours, are, in that country, people, fairly（连词成句） . 27．（2023·上海金山·一模）learn about, keeping pets, can, responsibility, we, from (连词成句) . 28．（2023·上海浦东新·一模）people around the world, social media, enables, each other, to communicate with（连词成句） . 29．（2023·上海普陀·一模）often, depends on, good, excellent parents, education(连词成句) . 30．（2023·上海宝山·一模）their parents, to watch, have invited, the children, the performance (连词成句) . 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （2024九年级上·上海虹口·期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给。) What do Russian, American, Japanese and Chinese astronauts eat in space? Do they eat the same things as on earth or something totally different? Are these foods tasty? The t 1 may blow your mind Russia As the f 2 country to send astronauts into space, Russia started to develop space food since the early 1960s. Food that can be sucked (吸) was the earliest type of space food. but astronauts still felt hungry after eating them. Later, more satisfying foods like ox tongue, herring pie and chicken cutlets were then added to the menu to solve the problem. Now Russian astronauts can enjoy a variety of food s 3 to on earth, such as black bread, honey cake, ham, quail, Polish pike, Russian cheese and sturgeon. Food is stored in special packages, and astronauts can eat them with a spoon or fork rather than suck them with a straw. America Fast food is the main food for American astronauts. The range of delicious food include sausage pies, spicy grilled fish, potato roast beef, butter bread, tempeh broth, tuna salad and drinks l 4 Coca-cola. Japan Japanese space food expresses their unique c 5 . Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency displayed 29 different types to space food at an exhibition in Tokyo in June, 2007. Most of these are traditional Japanese food, including rice balls, tomato fish, curry noodles, mountain vegetables, beans. glutinous rice, and sweets. China Chinese space food has become more diverse and delicious in recent years. Food is a 6 differently in different stages of mission. For example, astronauts can eat porridge if they don’t have appetite during their first few days in spaces while in the later stage, food with l 7 fiber (纤维) along with multivitamins will be brought in. For the Shenzhou XIII astronauts, the recipe changed every five days during their 6-month stay in space. PASSAGE 2 （22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Staying safe online We should learn some tips on how to use the internet safely. Have you ever clicked a strange link online? Is the password of your game account (账户) safe enough? Do you remember to log off (退出登录) after using public computers? You may think these aren’t problems. But they can make big trouble! You may lose money, get disturbed by others, or even take part in crimes without knowing. September 5 to 11 is China Network Security Week. Let’s learn more about the importance of internet safety. Protect yourself Cybercriminals (网络罪犯) can break into your smart phone or computer. They put a virus (病毒) on it through a link. Then they steal your gaming account and get money from it. They can also sell your name, address and ID card number to underground markets. Then you might get lots of scam calls (诈骗电话). So, don’t click on strange links. Make your password strong enough. Ask for help when you are not sure. Keep the country safe Internet safety is important to a country, too. Northwestern Polytechnical University (西北工业大学) is a top university in Xi’an, Shanxi province. It is famous for its study of space. In April, the university said someone broke into their information system. Teachers and students got emails with a virus in them. More than 140GB of the school’s important data was stolen. According to China’s National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center, the National Security Agency of the United States made the attack. In recent years, China has called on tech companies to develop our own chips (芯片) and software. This can help with our country’s cyber security. 8．Do most people think there is a problem when they click a strange link online? 9．When is China Network Security Week? 10．What do cyber criminals do when they break into your smart phone or computer? 11．Which two aspects (方面) does the writer suggest we learn about the importance of internet safety? 12．Why did the National Security Agency of the United States make the attack to the Northwestern Polytechnical University? 13．How do you understand the underlined sentence “This can help with our country’s cyber security.”? 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 tale [teɪl] n. 故事，传说 2 tap [tæp] n． (自来水、煤气灯的）龙头 3 tape [teɪp] n. 磁带；录音带 4 task [tɑːsk] n. 任务，工作 5 taste [teɪst] v. n. 品尝，尝味；味道 6 technology [tek'nɒlədʒi] n. 技术 7 temperature ['temprətʃə(r)] n. 温度 8 temple ['templ] n. 庙宇，寺院 9 term [tɜːm] n. 学期；术语；条款；项 10 terrible ['terəbl] a. 可怕的；糟糕的 11 theatre(美 theatre) ['θɪətə(r)] n. 剧场，戏院 12 thirsty ['θɜːsti] a. 渴的 13 tourist ['tʊərɪst] n. 旅行者，观光者 14 thread [θred] n. 线 15 tiny ['taɪni] a. 极小的，微小的 16 tired ['taɪəd] a. 疲劳的，累的 17 title ['taɪtl] n． 标题，题目 18 tip [tɪp] n. 尖端；提示；小费 19 topic ['tɒpɪk] n. 题目，话题 20 tidy ['taɪdi] a. 整洁的，干净的 21 throw(threw,thrown) [θrəʊ] v. 投，掷，扔 22 teamwork [ˈtiːmwɜːk] vt. 解散；解雇；遣散 23 tent [tent] vt. 扰乱；打扰 ◆24 teenage [ˈtiːneɪdʒ] adj. 青少年的 ◆25 therefore [ˈðeəfɔː(r)] adv. 因此 ◆26 total [ˈtəʊtl] n. adj． 总数; 总计的 ◆27 trade [treɪd] n.． 贸易；交易 ◆28 training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] v． 训练；培训 ◆29 treasure [ˈtreʒə(r)] n.v. 珍宝; 珍视 ◆30 treat [triːt] v. n. 对待；治疗；招待 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. I am used to brushing my ________ twice a day. (tooth) 2. Who is the ___________ girl, Mary, Joe or Wendy? (tall)3. Our classroom is not as big as __________, but it’s very clean. (they) 4. Alice doesn't want to see the film again because she has seen it ___________. (two) 5. The old man was to the policeman who found the lost car for him. (thank) 6. The _______ of March is one of the important days that should be remembered . (twelve) 7. The lecture was so moving that all the students lost ___________ in it. (they) 8. China has become the ____________ country to send its astronauts into space. (three) 9. What is the ______ food for the Christmas? (tradition) 10. The experience in Australia in July was ____________ unforgettable. (true) 11. My parents and I visited Osaka(大阪) which is Japan’s __________ largest city. (two) 12. Our new flat is on the ______________ , and we have a good view of the park. (ten) 13. I am ______ sorry for not attending such an important meeting. (terrible) 14. On leaving school, all the student felt ______ to the teachers for giving them a good education. (thank) 15. Detectives have caught several ______ in the past few weeks. (thief) 16. He’s very shy and doesn’t like to share his ______ with friends. (think) 17. The aged people agree with the ______ idea while young people laugh at it. (tradition) 18. Please tell me what you ______ think. (true) 19. You should tell your mother the ______. (true) 20. I will work hard in order to make my dream come ______. (truth) 词组默写 301.给某人捎个口信 302.采取行动 303.乘地铁 304.拿走 305.照料 306.负责，管理 307.抓住 308.记笔记 309.脱掉(衣物等);起飞 310.听从某人劝告 311.取出 312.参加 313.发生;举行 314.取代 315.开始从事 316.谈到 317.与某人谈话 318.区别;分辨 319.说谎 320.与……同样 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第十六讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（句子类型）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读回答问题）、词汇打卡(字母T) 外刊精选 When did we start walking for leisure “散步” 的起源 近来，“citywalk（城市漫步）” 成为了一种广受人们欢迎的休闲方式。不论你身处城市还是乡间，出门散步都是一种有益于放松身心的活动。但散步作为一种消遣方式起初并没有被世界各地的人们所接受。本文介绍散步的起源以及它如何演变成为现代人的一项重要日常活动。 ‘Going for a walk’ is a popular pastime among older and younger generations alike because of its well-known benefits for our physical and mental health. But you may be surprised to hear that meandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of pedestrianism. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn’t really a thing” until the 1780s. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity, and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and tramping around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. He walked at an impressive pace of four miles per hour, according to his biography by Peter Ackroyd. But if speed-walking isn’t your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach, preferring to saunter over hills and fields and meander through the woods. He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits, unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. This idea of taking a stroll to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century, but has pedestrian etiquette remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as loitering in conversation and obstructing people behind you with a “sauntering gait”. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. Whether you see yourself more as a casual stroller or a purposeful strider, why not build a habit out of it? 词汇表 go for a walk 散步 pastime 消遣，娱乐 meander 漫步，闲逛 hike 远足 leisure activity 休闲活动 pedestrianism 徒步主义 march 行走 tramp 长途行走 pace 步速 speed-walking 快速行走 wanderer 四处游走的人 saunter 漫步，闲逛 stroll 散步，溜达 pedestrian etiquette 行人礼仪 loiter 游荡，徘徊 gait 步态，步法 step out 走出去 pavement 人行道 stroller 散步的人 strider 阔步行走的人   测验与练习 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. Why is going for a walk a popular pastime? 2. Before people walked for fun, what was walking associated with? 3. True or False? Charles Dickens walked to forget about writing. 4. How is Henry David Thoreau’s approach to walking different to Charles Dickens’s?  5. What two things were pedestrians advised to avoid in the 1780 London Magazine article? 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. There was no clear, straight track, so we had to _______ through the trees. pace           loitered          striding            meander 2. Stopping in the middle of the street without warning is bad _______. leisure activity     pedestrian etiquette     pastime          pavement 3. The doctor assessed the patient’s _______ to identify any signs of discomfort. loiter            strider          wanderer                    gait 4. The adventurous _______ set off on a journey to discover the meaning of life. wanderer       loiter         saunter                   wander 5. We’re walking too fast. Can we try _______ for a while instead? stepping      speed-walking      strolling               striding 答案 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. Why is going for a walk a popular pastime? Walking is a popular pastime because it has well-known physical and mental  health benefits. 2. Before people walked for fun, what was walking associated with? Walking was associated with poverty and criminal activity. 3. True or False? Charles Dickens walked to forget about writing. False. Charles Dickens walked as part of the creative process. 4. How is Henry David Thoreau’s approach to walking different to Charles Dickens’s? Henry David Thoreau preferred to walk more slowly than Charles Dickens, who had a fast pace. 5. What two things were pedestrians advised to avoid in the 1780 London Magazine article? Pedestrians were advised to avoid loitering in conversation, and obstructing people behind you with a “sauntering gait”. 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. There was no clear, straight track, so we had to meander through the trees.  2. Stopping in the middle of the street without warning is bad pedestrian etiquette. 3. The doctor assessed the patient’s gait to identify any signs of discomfort. 4. The adventurous wanderer set off on a journey to discover the meaning of life. 5. We’re walking too fast. Can we try strolling for a while instead? 【文本翻译】“散步”是一项深受老幼喜爱的消遣活动，因为它对我们的身心健康益处众所周知。但你可能会惊讶地听到，据行人研究专家丹尼尔·盖尔（Daniel Gale）的说法，在美丽的街道上漫步或在山路上徒步一直以来并非都被视为休闲活动。 他说，在英国，直到 18 世纪 80 年代，为了娱乐而散步“并非真正存在”。在此之前，这只是人们出于必要而做的事情，有些人还将其与犯罪活动联系在一起。但对于 19 世纪著名的英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）来说，在伦敦街头行进和在乡间跋涉是创作过程中的重要部分；是吸收周围事物的时间。根据彼得·阿克罗伊德（Peter Ackroyd）为他撰写的传记，他以每小时四英里的惊人速度行走。 但如果快走不是你的菜，也许你可以从另一位富有思想的漫步者那里获得灵感。19 世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）采取了更慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘和田野上闲逛，在树林中蜿蜒穿行。他说，除非每天至少花四个小时散步，否则他无法保持健康和精神状态。 这种通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到了 21 世纪，但是行人礼仪是否依然如故呢？1780 年《伦敦杂志》的一篇文章建议行人避免诸如闲聊闲逛、以“闲逛步态”阻挡身后的人等行为。如今，我们可能还得把分心的手机用户加到这个列表中。 在这个现代时代，当我们许多人被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，走出城市人行道，或者在大自然中迷失方向，这样简单的行为可能对我们的健康产生重大影响。无论你认为自己更像是一个随意的漫步者还是有目的的大步者，为什么不养成这样的习惯呢？ 语法专题 语法精选----句子类型 初中常考英语句子类型 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 1)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 2) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it 注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't 注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。   例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 即学即练 语法同步训练1 句型改写 1.This sign means cars and buses mustn't turn right here. (划线提问) __________ this sign mean? What does 2. London held the first World Expo in 1851. (划线提问) ______ did London ______ the first Word Expo? When did 3. She writes to her parents once a week.（划线提问）     _______ ______ does she write to her parents? How often 4. I've worked in that factory for two years. (划线提问) ______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?           5. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. (划线提问)  _____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work? How long have    6. It's about two kilometres from here to the country. (划线提问)  ______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?       How far is it 7.Danny likes Chinese food very much. (划线提问) ______ ______ Danny ______Chinese food? How does ...like 8. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（划线提问）    ______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school? How long has 9. Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）      ______ of his parents ______ a worker. Neither...is 10. He went to the park with his sister.（划线提问）     _____ ____ ____ he go to the park? With whom did 11.We really enjoyed working on the farm.（划线提问）     What _____ you really enjoy ______? did.... doing 12.That new blue car is my father’s. (划线提问) ________ ________ is your father’s? Which car 13. He's often told to come here.(改成反意疑问句) He's often told to come here, _____ ____? hasn’t he 14. I don't think he will come. (改成反意疑问句) I don't think he will come, _____ ______? will he 15. Peter often has bread for his breakfast. (改为否定句) Peter often ___________ ___________ bread for his breakfast. doesn’t have 语法同步训练2 选择题 1．（2022·上海中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动，你就会保持健康。 考查连词。and表并列或递进，和；or否则，或者；but但是；for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知，此处用and表递进关系。故选A。 2．（2022·上海中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——教室的角落里有一把伞。它是谁的？——也许是玛丽的。 考查特殊疑问句。Whose谁的；Who谁；When什么时候；Why为什么。根据答句“Perhaps it’s Mary’s”可知，此处在问物品的归属，故应用特殊疑问词whose。故选A。 3．（2021·上海中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——第十届中国花卉博览会在崇明举行。 它持续多长时间？——大约40天。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据“About 40 days”可知，此处对时间段提问，因此用疑问词how long，故选A。 4．（2021·上海中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。 5．（2020·上海中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁负责夏季音乐会？——杰西。她很有经验。 考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么；Who谁。根据Jessie"杰西"可知，对人提问用Who"谁"。故选D。 6．（2018·上海中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头，故答案为B。 7．（2015·上海中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：结合答语“Peter’s”可推断问句应表示“昨天谁的爸爸参加了社区里的慈善活动”，故所缺的特殊疑问词是whose。 8．（2015·上海中考真题）Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：把参考书放到一边，否则你将不能独立思考。A. or 否则，或者；B. and 并且；并列连词；C.so 所以，结果状语从句；D.but但是，转折状语从句。“祈使句+or +陈述句”，表示 “……，否则，……”。根据句式及句意，故选A。 9．（2016·上海中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国有多少家Diaey 游乐园？——两家。根据Two可知此处对数量提问，故用how many，故选A。 点睛：how many多少，对数量提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问。 10．（2017·上海中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：屠呦呦教授从来也没有停止对中药的研究，是吗？这是一个反义疑问句。在反义疑问句中，当陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用否定式；反之，则用肯定式。由句中的never可知，前半部分陈述是否定意义，后面的反义问句应该用肯定式，不能出现not，可排除C/D。同时，屠呦呦是单数人称，stop是实意动词，所以助动词用does，可排除A。故选B。 11．（2014·上海中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小心开，米歇尔！前面有所学校。英语祈使句中谓语动词一般用原形，故选A。 12．（2015·上海中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在上交考试卷之前，再次检查你的试卷。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，如果你的语气比较客气，或者出于礼貌，可以在动词原形前面加please。go over,检查。结合句意，可知是比较有礼貌的提醒，故选C。 13．（2012·上海中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查点：反义疑问句的用法。 解题思路：该句时态为现在完成时，句中有否定词never，根据“前否后肯”原则，正确答案选A。 14．（2012·上海中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 【答案】D 【详解】考查点：选择疑问句的用法。 解题思路：此处or意为“或者”，是一个选择疑问句，句意为“—这件红衬衫和这件蓝衬衫，你更喜欢哪一件？—我更喜欢那件红色的。”故答案选D。 15．（2020·上海统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，过来帮我把行李搬到楼上，好吗？——好的。 考查祈使句。come原形；came过去式；coming动名词；to come动词不定式；根据句子结构，可知省略了主语，是祈使句，用动词原形；故选A。 16．（2013·上海中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：你加入这个运动俱乐部多久了？——自从我来到这个学校的第一个月。How old多大；How long 多长；How much 多少钱；How soon 多久一次。根据下文答语可知上文问的是时间长短，故答案选B。 17．（2012·上海中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：仔细考试，否则你得不到满分。 考查并列连词的用法。 句型“祈使句，+or+一般将来时的陈述句”，祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设关系；句型“祈使句，+and+一般将来时的陈述句” 祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的顺承假设关系；本句是相反的结果，故选B。 18．（2012·上海中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么数以百万计的网民访问政府主页？ ——阅读新闻，寻找他们需要的信息。考查疑问词，由答句的to表目的可知问为什么，应该用why，所以选C。 最新模拟考试题 一、选择题 1．（2024·上海长宁·二模）We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ________ they. A．so can B．neither can C．so do D．neither do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们在我们国家找不到这种材料，他们也是。 考查倒装句。根据“We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ... they.”可知，句子后半句表示 “他们也不能”，本句前半句是否定句，因此后半句是用neither引导的倒装句，其结构为neither+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语；由 “can’t ” 可知，此处用情态动词can。故选B。 2．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这支笔虽然不贵，但很好写。——让我试试。的确如此。 考查“So+主语+助动词”句型。So+主语+助动词，表示“的确，确实”；so+助动词+主语，表示“也”。根据“Let me have a try.”可知我尝试过后，认为对方说的对，故表示“的确是”；上句的谓语writes，故此处代指这个动词用do的各种形式，主语it是第三人称单数，用助动词does，故为So it does。故选C。 3．（2014·上海奉贤·二模）Mr. Smith’s never angry with their daughter. __________ Mrs. Smith. A．So is B．So has C．Neither is D．Neither has 【答案】C 【详解】句意: 史密斯先生从来不生他们女儿的气。史密斯太太也是。Mr. Smith’s never angry with their daughter. 是否定句，所以__________ Mrs. Smith.用neither倒装句，Mr. Smith’s 是Mr. Smith 和is的缩写式。 故选C。 4．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Give him more time, ________ he will find the answer on his own. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：给他更多的时间，他会自己找到答案的。 考查并列连词。and和，并且；but但是；or或者，否则的话；so所以。分析句子，前后句表示顺承递进关系，所以用并列连词and，故选A。 5．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Don’t go home too late, _______ your parents will worry about you a lot. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要回家太晚，否则你的父母会很担心你。 考查并列词辨析。and并且；or否则；but但是；so因此。根据“your parents will worry about you a lot.”可知是否则父母会担心，故选B。 6．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Please tell me the truth, _________ I can’t decide how to help you with your next step. A．or B．and C．but D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请告诉我真相，否则我不知道下一步该怎么帮你。 考查连词辨析。or否则；and和；but但是；so因此。“告诉我真相”是“我不知道下一步该怎么帮你”的否定条件，用“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构。故选A。 7．（2024·上海静安·二模）Have an aim in life, ________ your energy will be wasted. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人生应该树立目标，否则你的精力会白白浪费。 考查连词辨析。and并且；or否则；but但是；so所以。分析句子可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构；“Have an aim in life”和“your energy will be wasted”是相反的意思，应用连词or。故选B。 8．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ________ you may get overweight again. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一定要经常进行体育锻炼，否则你可能会再次超重。 考查连词辨析。and而且；or否则；but但是；for因为。根据“Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ... you may get overweight again.”可知，句式为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”；再根据“you may get overweight again”可知，超重是不经常进行体育锻炼的结果，用or表示忠告，引出不好的结果。故选B。 9．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）________ brave to face the challenges and difficulties, and you will grow stronger. A．Being B．Be C．To be D．Been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：勇敢面对挑战和困难，你会变得更强大。 考查祈使句。根据“brave to face the challenges and difficulties, and you will grow stronger.”可知此处是“祈使句，and+陈述句”结构，祈使句以动词原形开头。故选B。 10．（2023·上海杨浦·三模）Hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for the movie with Susan. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：快点，不然你和苏珊看电影要迟到了。 考查并列连词辨析。and而且；but但是；so所以；or否则。结合“Hurry up, ...you’ll be late for the movie with Susan.”可知，如果不快点，就会迟到，故用or，故选D。 11．（2024·上海嘉定·模拟预测）“Sandy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum. A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“桑迪，不要害怕在公众面前讲话。你不在是小女孩了。”妈妈说。 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，句子省略了主语，是祈使句的否定形式，句子结构为don’t+动词原形，意为不要害怕在公众面前讲话。故选D。 12．（2024·上海宝山·一模）“Jason, ________ afraid of speaking in public. Just believe in yourself.”said Mum. A．not be B．not to be C．be not D．don’t be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈说：“杰森，不要害怕在公共场合讲话，相信你自己”。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据句中标点符号“,”以及形容词afraid可知，此处是be型祈使句，即：be+表语+其他，否定形式为don’t be+表语+其他，所以此处使用don’t be。故选D。 13．（2024·上海·模拟预测）______ electrical things with wet hands. A．Don’t touch B．Not touch C．No touch D．Not to touch 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要用湿手碰有电的东西。 根据句意可知，本句话用祈使句，祈使句表示命令、要求。祈使句省略主语you，直接以动词原形开头，变为否定时，在动词前加don’t，故选A。 14．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）_______ wonderful day it is! Shall we go for a picnic? A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么美好的一天！我们去野餐好吗？ 考查感叹句的用法。此处感叹句的中心词是可数名词单数day，wonderful是辅音音素开头，用感叹句结构：what a adj. n.+主谓。故选B。 15．（2024·山东滨州·二模）________ smart the detective is! He helped the lady find her bag at last. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位侦探多聪明啊！他最终帮助那位女士找到了她的包。 考查How引导的感叹句。What a/an引导感叹句时，中心词是名词单数；How引导感叹句时，中心词为形容词或副词。分析句子可知此句中心词为smart。故选A。 2、 连词成句 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）is, the heavy traffic, there, too much, because of, noise (连词成句) . 【答案】There is too much noise because of the heavy traffic 【详解】分析所给单词及标点，可知此句是陈述句，是there be句型。主语是noise；too much“太多”，修饰noise；because of“因为”，后接名词短语the heavy traffic“繁忙的交通”。故填There is too much noise because of the heavy traffic“那儿有太多噪音因为繁忙的交通”。 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）on the product, decided, next time, to have another discussion, the managers (连词成句) . 【答案】The managers decided to have another discussion on the product next time 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句语序，分析所给单词，the managers作主语，decided作谓语，to have another discussion作宾语，on the product作定语，next time作时间状语，位于句末。故填The managers decided to have another discussion on the product next time.“经理们决定下次再讨论这个产品”。 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）enables, to know more, the Internet, about the world, people (连词成句) . 【答案】The Internet enables people to know more about the world 【详解】根据所给标点可知，本句应用陈述句句式。分析所给单词，the Internet作主语，位于句首字母t大写；enables作谓语；people作宾语；to know more about the world作宾补。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填The Internet enables people to know more about the world“互联网使人们能够更多地了解世界”。 4．（2024·上海普陀·二模）his friends, Jack, at weekends, pays a visit to, usually（连词成句） . 【答案】Jack usually pays a visit to his friend at weekends 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，Jack作主语，pays a visit to作谓语，his friend作宾语， at weekends作地点状语，usually放在实义动词之前。故填Jack usually pays a visit to his friend at weekends“杰克通常在周末去看望他的朋友”。 5．（2024·上海金山·二模）passengers, help, the new robots, with, at this airport, their luggage （连词成句) . 【答案】The new robots help passengers with their luggage at this airport 【详解】根据标点及所给词可知，本句是陈述句，主语是the new robots，help是谓语，help sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”，是动词短语，passengers是sb，their luggage是sth；at this airport作地点状语。故填The new robots help passengers with their luggage at this airport“在这个机场，新的机器人帮助乘客提行李”。 6．（2024·上海青浦·二模）used to, Tom’s family, his growth, to record, take pictures (连词成句) . 【答案】Tom’s family used to take pictures to record his growth. 【详解】根据所给提示词可知本句是陈述句，Tom’s family作主语；used to过去常常，后接动词原形；take pictures动词短语，后接动词不定式作目的状语；to record his growth作目的状语，其中his growth作宾语。故答案为：Tom’s family used to take pictures to record his growth.“汤姆的家人过去常常拍照片来记录他的成长”。 7．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）tea and coffee, help, get rid of, sleepiness, drinking, can (连词成句) . 【答案】Drinking tea and coffee can help get rid of sleepiness 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句形式，分析所给词汇，drinking tea and coffee作主语，can help作谓语，get rid of sleepiness作宾语补足语。故答案为Drinking tea and coffee can help get rid ot sleepiness“喝茶和咖啡可以帮助消除睡意”。 8．（2024·上海闵行·二模）because of, people, this Chinese writer, his interesting novels, like （连词成句） . 【答案】People like this Chinese writer because of his interesting novels 【详解】结合所给单词可知，people人们，作主语；like喜欢，作谓语；this Chinese writer这位中国作家，作宾语；because of因为，后接名词短语his interesting novels。故填People like this Chinese writer because of his interesting novels“人们喜欢这位中国作家，因为他的有趣的小说”。 9．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The farmer fed the chickens in the early morning as usual.（改为否定句） The farmer the chickens in the early morning as usual. 【答案】 didn’t feed 【详解】句意：这位农民和往常一样大清早喂鸡。考查否定句，如果句子的谓语是实义动词，其否定形式是由“do/does/did+not+动词原形”构成。原句中的谓语“fed”喂是实义动词，且时态为一般过去时。故填didn’t；feed。 10．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）has made, Susan, further, in Canada, her studies, to, a decision (连词成句) . 【答案】Susan has made a decision to further her studies in Canada 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为陈述句，时态为现在完成时；Susan人名，作主语；has made a decision“已经做出决定”，固定词组；to further her studies不定式作后置定语；in Canada，作状语。故填Susan has made a decision to further her studies in Canada“苏珊已决定去加拿大深造”。 11．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）consists of, different countries, the team, from, scientists (连词成句) . 【答案】The team consists of scientists from different countries 【详解】根据所给标点可知，应是陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，the team作主语，consists of作谓语，scientists作宾语，from different countries是介词短语，作后置定语修饰名词scientists。故填The team consists of scientists from different countries“这个团队由来自不同国家的科学家组成”。 12．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）began, she, her plan, to the group, to explain (连词成句) . 【答案】She began to explain her plan to the group 【详解】根据标点及所给词可知，本句是陈述句，主语是she，began是谓语动词，后跟不定式to explain，her plan作宾语，to the group作定语修饰名词plan。故填She began to explain her plan to the group“她开始向大家解释她去小组的计划”。 13．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）the heavy rain, get to school, John, because of, on time, mainly, didn’t （连词成句） . 【答案】John didn’t get to school on time mainly because of the heavy rain 【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知，句子是陈述句，主语是John，助动词didn’t后加动词原形，get to school“到达学校”，on time“准时”，mainly because of the heavy rain“主要因为大雨”。故填John didn’t get to school on time mainly because of the heavy rain“约翰没有按时上学主要是因为大雨”。 14．（2024·上海松江·一模）the crime, looked for, to solve, the detective, clues(连词成句) . 【答案】The detective looked for clues to solve the crime 【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知，句子是陈述句，主语是the detective，谓语是looked for，宾语是clues，状语是to solve the crime。故填The detective looked for clues to solve the crime“侦探寻找破案的线索”。 15．（2024·上海崇明·一模）apologized to, the boy, knocking her down, for, the old lady (连词成句) . 【答案】The boy apologized to the old lady for knocking her down. 【详解】根据所给标点和单词提示可知，这是一个陈述句，分析所给单词，the boy是主语，首字母需要大写，apologized to是谓语短语，the old lady是宾语，for knocking her down是状语。故答案为The boy apologized to the old lady for knocking her down. “男孩因为把老太太撞倒而向她道歉。” 16．（2024·上海宝山·一模）pocket money, cost, the latest helicopter model, the little boy, a lot of (连词成句) . 【答案】The latest helicopter model cost the little boy a lot of pocket money 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为陈述句；the latest helicopter model 为主语；cost为谓语，cost sb. some money“花了某人一些钱”，固定词组；the little boy为间接宾语；a lot of pocket money为直接宾语。故填The latest helicopter model cost the little boy a lot of pocket money“最新型的直升机模型花了小男孩很多零花钱”。 17．（2023·上海黄浦·三模）to manage, John, me, all the household expenses, expects. （连词成句） . 【答案】John expects me to manage all the household expenses 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，John作主语，expects作谓语，me作宾语，to manage all the household expenses作宾语补足语。expect sb. to do sth.意为“希望某人做某事”。故填John expects me to manage all the household expenses“约翰希望我管理所有的家庭开支”。 18．（2023·上海静安·二模）to see, amazing, with our own eyes, it is, such great paintings (连词成句) 【答案】It is amazing to see such great paintings with our own eyes. 【详解】分析所给单词，这是一个由it作不定式的形式主语的陈述句，句子开头为：it + be + 形容词 + 不定式，即“It is amazing to see”。such great前置修饰paintings整体作宾语，with our own eyes作状语放在句末。故答案为：It is amazing to see such great paintings with our own eyes.“亲眼看到如此伟大的画作真是太神奇了”。 19．（2023·上海宝山·二模）go cycling, the heavy rain, decided not to, Judy and her friends, because of (连词成句) . 【答案】Judy and her friends decided not to go cycling because of the heavy rain 【详解】根据标点符号可知，这是一个陈述句。Judy and her friends作主语；decided not to后加go cycling；because of是介词短语，后加名词短语the heavy rain。故填Judy and her friends decided not to go cycling because of the heavy rain“由于下大雨，朱迪和她的朋友们决定不去骑自行车”。 20．（2023·上海普陀·二模）make friends, to, the summer camp, a great chance, offered, us (连词成句) . 【答案】 The summer camp offered us a great chance to make friends 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句形式，分析所给单词可知，the summer camp作主语，offered作谓语，offer sb sth“给某人提供某物”，to make friends作目的状语。故答案为：The summer camp offered us a great chance to make friends“夏令营给了我们一个交朋友的好机会”。 21．（2023·上海嘉定·二模）the way, they, not, have, found, yet, the problem, to, solve (连词成句) . 【答案】They have not found the way to solve the problem yet 【详解】they作主语；have not found作谓语；the way to solve the problem“解决问题的办法”，副词yet放在句末，故填They have not found the way to solve the problem yet“他们还没有找到解决这个问题的方法”。 22．（2023·上海浦东新·二模）of Sunshine School, an outing, are planning, to Shanghai Disney, students (连词成句) . 【答案】Students of Sunshine School are planning an outing to Shanghai Disney 【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知，句子是陈述句，主语是Students of Sunshine School；谓语是are planning；宾语是an outing to Shanghai Disney。故填Students of Sunshine School are planning an outing to Shanghai Disney“阳光学校的学生正计划去上海迪士尼游玩”。 23．（2023·上海金山·二模）their smartphones, put down, should, to think on their own, teenagers (连词成句) . 【答案】Teenagers should put down their smartphones to think on their own 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词可知，teenagers作主语，should情态动词，后接动词原形，put down作谓语，their smartphones作宾语，to think on their own作目的状语，位于句末。故答案为：Teenagers should put down their smartphones to think on their own“青少年应该放下手机独立思考”。 24．（2023·上海崇明·二模）take,  in class activities,  should,  an active part,  students（连词成句） . 【答案】Students should take an active part in class activities 【详解】students“学生”，作主语；should“应该”，情态动词；take an active part in“积极参加”，作谓语；class activities“班级活动”，作宾语。故填Students should take an active part in class activities“学生应该积极参加班级活动”。 25．（2023·上海闵行·二模）the new idea, the twins, in the magazine article, are fond of (连词成句) . 【答案】The twins are fond of the new idea in the magazine article 【详解】根据所给标点可知，句子是陈述句。 the twins作主语，are fond of“喜爱”，the new idea“这个新想法”，作宾语，in the magazine article作后置定语修饰“idea”。故填The twins are fond of the new idea in the magazine article“这对双胞胎喜欢杂志文章中的新观点”。 26．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）treated, of all skin colours, are, in that country, people, fairly（连词成句） . 【答案】People of all skin colours are treated fairly in that country/In that country people of all skin colours are treated fairly 【详解】根据标点及所给词可知，本句为陈述句，主语是People of all skin colours，are treated是谓语；fairly修饰动词treated；in that country作状语，可放在句首也可放在句末。故填People of all skin colours are treated fairly in that country/In that country people of all skin colours are treated fairly“在那个国家，所有肤色的人都受到公平对待”。 27．（2023·上海金山·一模）learn about, keeping pets, can, responsibility, we, from (连词成句) . 【答案】We can learn about responsibility from keeping pets 【详解】根据标点符号应是陈述句。we主语，放句首大写首字母；can情态动词，后加动词原形；learn about谓语动词；responsibility责任，作宾语。from介词，keeping pets动名词短语。故答案为：We can learn about responsibility from keeping pets“我们可以从饲养宠物这件事中学到责任感”。 28．（2023·上海浦东新·一模）people around the world, social media, enables, each other, to communicate with（连词成句） . 【答案】Social media enables people around the world to communicate with each other 【详解】根据所给标点，可知是陈述句。分析所给单词，social media作主语，enables作谓语，people around the world作宾语，to communicate with each other作宾语补足语。故答案为：Social media enables people around the world to communicate with each other “社交媒体使全世界各地的人可以彼此交流”。 29．（2023·上海普陀·一模）often, depends on, good, excellent parents, education(连词成句) . 【答案】Good education often depends on excellent parents 【详解】根据标点判断是陈述句。分析单词可知：good education作主语，句首首字母大写；depends on作谓语； excellent parents作宾语；often频度副词，放在谓语动词前。故填Good education often depends on excellent parents“良好的教育往往取决于优秀的父母”。 30．（2023·上海宝山·一模）their parents, to watch, have invited, the children, the performance (连词成句) . 【答案】The children have invited their parents to watch the performance 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知本句是肯定句。the children作主语；have invited作谓语；their parents作宾语； to watch the performance作宾语补足语，故填The children have invited their parents to watch the performance“孩子们邀请他们的父母来观看表演”。 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （2024九年级上·上海虹口·期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给。) What do Russian, American, Japanese and Chinese astronauts eat in space? Do they eat the same things as on earth or something totally different? Are these foods tasty? The t 1 may blow your mind Russia As the f 2 country to send astronauts into space, Russia started to develop space food since the early 1960s. Food that can be sucked (吸) was the earliest type of space food. but astronauts still felt hungry after eating them. Later, more satisfying foods like ox tongue, herring pie and chicken cutlets were then added to the menu to solve the problem. Now Russian astronauts can enjoy a variety of food s 3 to on earth, such as black bread, honey cake, ham, quail, Polish pike, Russian cheese and sturgeon. Food is stored in special packages, and astronauts can eat them with a spoon or fork rather than suck them with a straw. America Fast food is the main food for American astronauts. The range of delicious food include sausage pies, spicy grilled fish, potato roast beef, butter bread, tempeh broth, tuna salad and drinks l 4 Coca-cola. Japan Japanese space food expresses their unique c 5 . Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency displayed 29 different types to space food at an exhibition in Tokyo in June, 2007. Most of these are traditional Japanese food, including rice balls, tomato fish, curry noodles, mountain vegetables, beans. glutinous rice, and sweets. China Chinese space food has become more diverse and delicious in recent years. Food is a 6 differently in different stages of mission. For example, astronauts can eat porridge if they don’t have appetite during their first few days in spaces while in the later stage, food with l 7 fiber (纤维) along with multivitamins will be brought in. For the Shenzhou XIII astronauts, the recipe changed every five days during their 6-month stay in space. 【答案】1．(t)ruth 2．(f)irst 3．(s)imilar 4．(l)ike 5．(c)ulture 6．(a)rranged 7．(l)ow 【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯，美国，日本和中国的宇航员在太空上的饮食情况。 1．句意：真相可能会让你大吃一惊。根据“Do they eat the same things as on earth or something totally different? Are these foods tasty”及首字母可知，真相会让你大吃一惊，truth“真相”，故填(t)ruth。 2．句意：作为第一个将宇航员送入太空的国家，俄罗斯从20世纪60年代初就开始开发太空食品。根据“As the … country to send astronauts into space.”及首字母可知，俄罗斯是第一个将宇航员送入太空的国家，first“第一”，序数词表示顺序，故填(f)irst。 3．句意：现在俄罗斯宇航员可以享受到与地球上类似的各种食物。根据“such as black bread, honey cake, ham, quail, Polish pike, Russian cheese and sturgeon”及首字母可知，后面是举例一些与地球相似的食物，similar“相似的”，故填(s)imilar。 4．句意：美味的食物包括香肠派、辣烤鱼、土豆烤牛肉、黄油面包、豆豉汤、金枪鱼沙拉和可口可乐等饮料。根据“drinks … Coca-cola”及首字母可知，像可乐一样的饮料，like“像”，故填(l)ike。 5．句意：日本的太空食物表达了他们独特的文化。根据“Japanese space food expresses their unique”及“Most of these are traditional Japanese food”可知，这些食物表达了独特的传统文化，culture“文化”，故填(c)ulture。 6．句意：在任务的不同阶段，食物的安排是不同的。根据“Food is … differently in different stages of mission”及首字母可知，在不同的阶段安排不同的食物，arrange“安排”，主语food与动词arrange之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词与is构成被动语态，故填(a)rranged。 7．句意：例如，如果宇航员在进入太空的前几天没有食欲，他们可以吃粥，而在后期，低纤维和多种维生素的食物将被摄入。根据“food with … fiber (纤维) along with multivitamins will be brought in”及首字母可知，此处指低纤维和多种维生素的食物，low“低的”，故填(l)ow。 PASSAGE 2 （22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Staying safe online We should learn some tips on how to use the internet safely. Have you ever clicked a strange link online? Is the password of your game account (账户) safe enough? Do you remember to log off (退出登录) after using public computers? You may think these aren’t problems. But they can make big trouble! You may lose money, get disturbed by others, or even take part in crimes without knowing. September 5 to 11 is China Network Security Week. Let’s learn more about the importance of internet safety. Protect yourself Cybercriminals (网络罪犯) can break into your smart phone or computer. They put a virus (病毒) on it through a link. Then they steal your gaming account and get money from it. They can also sell your name, address and ID card number to underground markets. Then you might get lots of scam calls (诈骗电话). So, don’t click on strange links. Make your password strong enough. Ask for help when you are not sure. Keep the country safe Internet safety is important to a country, too. Northwestern Polytechnical University (西北工业大学) is a top university in Xi’an, Shanxi province. It is famous for its study of space. In April, the university said someone broke into their information system. Teachers and students got emails with a virus in them. More than 140GB of the school’s important data was stolen. According to China’s National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center, the National Security Agency of the United States made the attack. In recent years, China has called on tech companies to develop our own chips (芯片) and software. This can help with our country’s cyber security. 8．Do most people think there is a problem when they click a strange link online? 9．When is China Network Security Week? 10．What do cyber criminals do when they break into your smart phone or computer? 11．Which two aspects (方面) does the writer suggest we learn about the importance of internet safety? 12．Why did the National Security Agency of the United States make the attack to the Northwestern Polytechnical University? 13．How do you understand the underlined sentence “This can help with our country’s cyber security.”? 【答案】8．No, they don’t. 9．September 5 to 11 is China Network Security Week. 10．They put a virus on it through a link and steal your gaming account and get money from it. They also sell your name, address and ID card number to underground markets. 11．Protect ourselves and keep the country safe. 12．Because it is famous for its study of space and they wanted to steal the school’s important data. 13．When tech companies can develop our own chips and software, we can protect ourselves and keep our country safe./After tech companies develop our own chips and software, we can use the internet safely/we will not be attacked by virus. 【导语】本文主要讲述了网络安全的重要性，作者建议我们要在网络上保护自己及维护国家安全。 8．根据“You may think these aren’t problems.”可知，当人们在网上点击一个陌生链接时，大多数人觉得是没有问题的。故填No, they don’t. 9．根据“September 5 to 11 is China Network Security Week.”可知，中国网络安全周在9月5号至9月11号。故填September 5 to 11 is China Network Security Week. 10．根据“Cybercriminals (网络罪犯) can break into your smart phone or computer. They put a virus (病毒) on it through a link. Then they steal your gaming account and get money from it. They can also sell your name, address and ID card number to underground markets.”可知，网络罪犯侵入你的手机或电脑后，他们会通过一个链接把病毒放进去，然后窃取你的游戏账号并从中获取钱财，他们还可以把你的姓名、地址和身份证号码卖给地下市场。故填They put a virus on it through a link and steal your gaming account and get money from it. They also sell your name, address and ID card number to underground markets. 11．根据“Let’s learn more about the importance of internet safety...Protect yourself...Keep the country safe”可知，作者建议我们从“保护自己”及“维护国家安全”这两个方面来了解网络安全的重要性。故填Protect ourselves and keep the country safe. 12．根据“Northwestern Polytechnical University (西北工业大学) is a top university in Xi’an, Shanxi province. It is famous for its study of space...More than 140GB of the school’s important data was stolen.”可知，美国国家安全局之所以对西北工业大学进行网络攻击是因为西北工业大学以对太空的研究而出名，且他们想盗取该学校的重要数据。故填Because it is famous for its study of space and they wanted to steal the school’s important data. 13．根据“In recent years, China has called on tech companies to develop our own chips (芯片) and software. This can help with our country’s cyber security.”可知，近年来，中国呼吁科技公司开发中国人自己的芯片和软件，这有助于我们国家的网络安全。即当中国人有自己的芯片和软件时，我们就可以保护自己及维护国家安全/安全地上网……（言之有理即可）。故填When tech companies can develop our own chips and software, we can protect ourselves and keep our country safe./After tech companies develop our own chips and software, we can use the internet safely/we will not be attacked by virus. 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 tale [teɪl] n. 故事，传说 2 tap [tæp] n． (自来水、煤气灯的）龙头 3 tape [teɪp] n. 磁带；录音带 4 task [tɑːsk] n. 任务，工作 5 taste [teɪst] v. n. 品尝，尝味；味道 6 technology [tek'nɒlədʒi] n. 技术 7 temperature ['temprətʃə(r)] n. 温度 8 temple ['templ] n. 庙宇，寺院 9 term [tɜːm] n. 学期；术语；条款；项 10 terrible ['terəbl] a. 可怕的；糟糕的 11 theatre(美 theatre) ['θɪətə(r)] n. 剧场，戏院 12 thirsty ['θɜːsti] a. 渴的 13 tourist ['tʊərɪst] n. 旅行者，观光者 14 thread [θred] n. 线 15 tiny ['taɪni] a. 极小的，微小的 16 tired ['taɪəd] a. 疲劳的，累的 17 title ['taɪtl] n． 标题，题目 18 tip [tɪp] n. 尖端；提示；小费 19 topic ['tɒpɪk] n. 题目，话题 20 tidy ['taɪdi] a. 整洁的，干净的 21 throw(threw,thrown) [θrəʊ] v. 投，掷，扔 22 teamwork [ˈtiːmwɜːk] vt. 解散；解雇；遣散 23 tent [tent] vt. 扰乱；打扰 ◆24 teenage [ˈtiːneɪdʒ] adj. 青少年的 ◆25 therefore [ˈðeəfɔː(r)] adv. 因此 ◆26 total [ˈtəʊtl] n. adj． 总数; 总计的 ◆27 trade [treɪd] n.． 贸易；交易 ◆28 training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] v． 训练；培训 ◆29 treasure [ˈtreʒə(r)] n.v. 珍宝; 珍视 ◆30 treat [triːt] v. n. 对待；治疗；招待 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. I am used to brushing my ________ twice a day. (tooth) 2. Who is the ___________ girl, Mary, Joe or Wendy? (tall) 3. Our classroom is not as big as __________, but it’s very clean. (they) 4. Alice doesn't want to see the film again because she has seen it ___________. (two) 5. The old man was to the policeman who found the lost car for him. (thank) 6. The _______ of March is one of the important days that should be remembered . (twelve) 7. The lecture was so moving that all the students lost ___________ in it. (they) 8. China has become the ____________ country to send its astronauts into space. (three) 9. What is the ______ food for the Christmas? (tradition) 10. The experience in Australia in July was ____________ unforgettable. (true) 11. My parents and I visited Osaka(大阪) which is Japan’s __________ largest city. (two) 12. Our new flat is on the ______________ , and we have a good view of the park. (ten) 13. I am ______ sorry for not attending such an important meeting. (terrible) 14. On leaving school, all the student felt ______ to the teachers for giving them a good education. (thank) 15. Detectives have caught several ______ in the past few weeks. (thief) 16. He’s very shy and doesn’t like to share his ______ with friends. (think) 17. The aged people agree with the ______ idea while young people laugh at it. (tradition) 18. Please tell me what you ______ think. (true) 19. You should tell your mother the ______. (true) 20. I will work hard in order to make my dream come ______. (truth) 【答案】 1. teeth 2. tallest 3. theirs 4.twice 5. thankful 6. twelfth 7. themselves 8. third 9. traditional 10. truly 11. second 12. tenth 13.terribly 14.thankful 15. thieves 16. thought 17.traditional 18.truly 19.truth 20.true 词组默写 301.给某人捎个口信 302.采取行动 303.乘地铁 304.拿走 305.照料 306.负责，管理 307.抓住 308.记笔记 309.脱掉(衣物等);起飞 310.听从某人劝告 311.取出 312.参加 313.发生;举行 314.取代 315.开始从事 316.谈到 317.与某人谈话 318.区别;分辨 319.说谎 320.与……同样 301. take a message for sb. 302. take action 303. take an underground 304. take away 305. take care of 306. take charge of 307. take hold of 308. take notes 309. take off 310. take one's advice 311. take out 312. take part in 313.take place 314.take the place of 315.take up 316. talk about 317. talk to / with sb. 318.tell...from 319.tell a lie 320.the same...as 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$