2025届高考英语语法精炼-从句专项练习

语法精练-答案 第一节 定语从句 定语从句真题 2024年 1. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ___58___ will make them the most money. 2. Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ____70____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 3. The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route __64__ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 4. Chinese cultural elements commemorating（纪念）Tang Xianzu, 56._____ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown. 2023年 1. There was once a town in the heart of America, ___64___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings. 2. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____63____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 2022年以前 1、（2022年全国高考甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 2、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 3、【2020年全国新高考I卷】The80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________opened in 1759 4、【2020年全国高考I 卷】 Because the moon'' s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 5、【2020年全国高考Ⅲ 卷】 In ancient China lived an artist ________paintings were almost lifelike. 定语从句模拟 1．But like anyone for ________ you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad. 2．They rushed over to help the man __________ car had broken down. (用适当的词填空) 3．The house in __________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. (用适当的词填空) 4．A study shows the students who join in after-school activities are happier than those __________ are not. (用适当的词填空) 5．This was Mary’s kitchen ________ the big fire broke out. 6．The reason ________ I will fail to go with you is that I had my left foot injured the other day. 7．In the strange city, there wasn’t a single person ________ whom she could turn for help. (用适当的词填空) 8．Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ________ you received gifts? 9．The famous writer and his works ________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 10．Mr Black would never forget the day ________ he joined the army. 11．Life is like a race ________ we all compete with ourselves against time. 12．There were many fans in the social media ________ expressed their sadness over Jin Yong’s death. 13．They explained the way to us _________ can greatly reduce energy waste. 14．The picture always reminds me of the moments _________ we spent together in the high school. 15．Paul’s friend didn’t know the real reason _________ which he looked so sad today. (用适当的词填空) 16．This was a period _________ we Chinese went through a lot of sufferings. (用适当的词填空) 17．I will never forget the scene _________ you risked (冒险) your life to save the injured. (用适当的词填空) 18．Gone are the days ________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies. 19．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations ________ would bring about positive emotions. 20．The train ran over to a boy and his dog ________ were just crossing the track. 21．I have been reading Commonwealth by Ann Patchett recently. I think it is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. 22．It was in the small house ________ was built with stones that he spent his childhood. 23．If you want to learn the piano well, all _______ you have to do is to practice every day with correct methods. 24．They talked about the things and people ________ they met during the trip. 25．My grandmother lived in a generation ________ women were looked down upon. 26．Whether you like it or not, we live in a community ________ online chatting is an important part of communication. 27．This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of. 28．Officials of our city are considering a law ________ would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 29．In the fast-moving information age, teenagers should keep pace with the media environment ________ they communicate with the outside world. 30．Analysts in China say there are three factors ________ contribute to the sudden increase of bikes. 31．Many farms also use chemicals ________ will kill insects in order to protect their plants. 32．In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike. (用适当的词填空) 33．（2022·内蒙古·集宁二中三模）Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth ________it will be possible to have a longer vacation. 34．（2022·山东·模拟预测语法填空）The taoray Spring Summer 2020 was shown for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week ________ tradition met modernity. 35．（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. 36．The reason ________ he failed is that he relied on others too much. (用适当的词填空) 37．After graduation she reached a point in her life ________ she had to decide what to do. (用适当的词填空) 38．There are many good websites ________ you can check out the latest news in the science world. (用适当的词填空) 39．The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by the passing car. (用适当的词填空) 40．The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king, saying that the gold was for the person ________ removed the huge rock from the road. (用适当的词填空) 41．There are certain dates throughout the year ________ the entire country takes a vacation at the same time. 42．He was also the one ________ founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao in 1959. 43．...the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _______lived from roughly 551 to 479, B.C., influenced. . . 44．The government has carried out several new plans, ________benefits are various and obvious. 45．（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (用适当的词填空) 46．In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of ________ wear glasses. 47．Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of ________ was very reasonable. 48．The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing. 49．He had skin cancer, ________ made him ready to give up. 50．The majority of the ads were also promoting extra-curricular education institutions, ________ have been condemned for putting extra academic pressure on students. 第二节 名词从句 名词从句真题 2024年真题 1. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___59___ they’ll promote. 2. On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____63____ is now northwestern Wyoming. 2022年以前 1、（2022年浙江高考1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. (用适当的词填空) 2、（2021年全国新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle’ s song “The Long and Winding Road”. ________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 3．（2021年北京高考卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．(用适当的词填空) 4、（2020年北京高考卷）Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it’s possible. (用适当的词填空) 5、（2019年全国高考I卷） While they are rare north of88 ，there is evidence_________ hey range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 6、（2018年全国高考III卷）I' n not sure _______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 名词从句模拟 一、主语从句 1．________ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. 2．______ Mike didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterday is unknown. (用适当的词填空) 3．______ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. (用适当的词填空) 4．Obviously, ________the poet wants to express is his deep love for his country. 5．It was a rough estimate _________about 20 percent of the rubbish was dumped into the sea. (用适当的词填空) 6．It is predicted __________ the recovery of the Japanese economy might be shadowed by the nuclear accident there. 7．________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are. 8．________ I can’t understand is why so many high school students are unwilling to major in medicine. (用适当的词填空) 9．________ matters most in improving yourself is to make a manageable plan. (用适当的词填空) 10．I read about it in some magazine or other; does it matter ________ it was? 11．Sometimes, ________ we can’t get seems better than what we have already had. (用适当的词填空) 12．It is still not obvious ________ the president can do to get rid of the public’s anger. (用适当的词填空) 13．It worried her a lot ________ the hair of her mother-in-law was turning grey. 14．So they collected clips of 20 different environmental sounds, including water dripping, ice cracking, whales calling and so on. _________ they found is that as the repeats accumulated, the participants rated the sounds as being more tuneful. (用适当的词填空) 15．________ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. She was used to her previous work environment where the team leader and manager took control and made decisions. 16．They can run at the speed of an Olympic runner, but only for a minute and a half or so. ________ is interesting is their cube-shaped poop (粪便). (用适当的词填空) 17．Wang Fang, a conservation biologist at Fudan University, said________ would be affected by the mine and hydropower projects are not only animals but also the region’s climate patterns in the long run. 18．It is recommending ________ the vaccine be administered in two doses(剂) to those aged 18 and over. 19．________ gave the message an even greater meaning was that there was no advance planning. (用适当的词填空) 20．It is assumed, for a person to be healthy, ________ yin and yang forces should be in balance. (用适当的词填空) 二、同位语从句 21．I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off. (用适当的词填空) 22．Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. 23．A problem has occurred ________we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas. 24．Do you have any idea _________is actually going on in the classroom? (用适当的词填空) 25．Word came ______ he was punished by the king, for he didn’t keep his word. (用适当的词填空) 26．There is no doubt ________ we should be grateful to those people who help us when we are in trouble. 27．Some old people still hold the view ________ women should stay at home to take care of the family. (用适当的词填空) 28．There is no possibility ________ we will pick you up at the airport; the snowstorm has been on. 29．Have you heard of the good news ________ the severe flood has been under control? (用适当的词填空) 30．We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library should provide more science books. (用适当的词填空) 31．And this should serve as a warning to other celebrities ________ they honestly pay taxes for every cent they have earned or risk the end of their career. (用适当的词填空) 32．There are doubts ________ the new drug will be effective in treating the disease. (用适当的词填空) 三、表语从句 33．Health is very important for career success and that is ______ you should exercise regularly. 34．If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are ________ you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. 35．Well-made, long-lasting clothing is________ we should buy and wear. 36．He has made so many mistakes. That is _________ he is too careless. 37．His capability has never been in doubt; the question is ________ he is prepared to put efforts. (用适当的词填空) 38．Hunan is one of the major rice producers in China, and is ________ farmers plant double-cropping rice. Among the rice’s output, the yield of early rice came to 667.8 kg per mu in the test fields, and that of late-season rice stood at 936.1 kg per mu. 39．The message I want to convey is________ it is never too late to pursue good health. (用适当的词填空) 40．However, recent research from Harvard Medical School has shown that, on average, approximately 4，400 steps a day is enough to significantly reduce the risk of death in women. This was ________ it was compared to only walking around 2，700 steps daily. 41．Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now. 42．However, the fact is ________ bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem. 43．Another reason is ________ many of today's young people believe it's wrong to kill animals for food. 44．This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (用适当的词填空) 45．But my teacher always says, “We want to be younger.” so about the age of Western women, my advice is ______ if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention it. (用适当的词填空) 46．There will be challenges ahead, however, which is ______we are fully preparing for all possibilities. (用适当的词填空) 47．The problem is ________ can take the place of her. (用适当的词填空) 48．The key to becoming happy is________ you treat your life and work. 49．And this is, when my taxi driver told me, ________ I now call, “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”(用适当的单词填空) 50．From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. (用适当的词填空) 四、宾语从句 51．I’m not sure ______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) ... I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. (用适当的词填空) 52．It is unwise to give the children ____________ they want. (用适当的词填空) 53．（2022·广东梅州·一模语法填空）Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see ________ would move first. 54．You never know __________ it might lead you in the life journey. 55．Cobb ,for her part ,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak________ she could do so remotely ,about three quarters of the time，they agreed. 56．Van Gogh painted ________ he saw from his window---the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon. 57．It’s good to know ________ dogs will be well cared for while we are away. 58．Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see ________ accounts for their emotions. 59．If we have been awed by natural wonders and human civilization, we will understand ________ UNESCO is fighting to preserve those important cultural and natural heritage sites. 60．Before shopping, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season. (用适当的词填空) 第三节 并列句 状语从句 状语从句真题 2024年 1. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. 2. It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 65._______ see how Tang's play was being performed. 2023年 1. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____65____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 2. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____58____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 3. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 2022年以前 1、（2022年新高考I卷）...After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. (用适当的词填空) 2．（2022年全国乙卷） The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. (用适当的词填空) 3、（2022年新高考II卷） He hung on for a few minutes ______ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 4、（2021年浙江卷）Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. (用适当的词填空) 5、（2019新课标II卷）Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, _________because I want to.” (用适当的词填空) 状语从句模拟 一、并列句 1．But the river wasn’t changed in a few days _____ even a few months. It took years of work to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water. (用适当的词填空) 2．The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem ________it’s really an engineering one. 3．（2022·江西·模拟预测）The giant panda typically lives around 15-20 years in the wild and above 30 years in captivity. Considering one year for a giant panda is equal to three ________four years for a human being in terms of ageing, she was over 100 in the human standard. (用适当的词填空) 4．The Renaissance was over________it was time for a new era -- the Age of Reason.(用适当的词填空) 5．Many tech firms ________ startups demand of people to work nearly double — or more —the number of hours in a typical work week. (用适当的词填空) 6．I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president. 7．Our food supply depends on climate________ weather conditions. Agricultural practices may be adaptable, but changes like increased temperatures, water stress, diseases, and weather extremes create challenges for the farmers who put food on our tables. (用适当的词填空) 8．Through Friday’s opening ceremony, people can clearly see China’s pursuit of building a peaceful world, its reflection of the new Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger-Together” ________ the Beijing Winter Games’ motto of “Together for a Shared Future”. (用适当的词填空) 9．The same goes for natural fibers; this quality counts, of course, ________ it is less important if you throw away clothes within a few months from time of purchase. The most important thing is to make them last. 10．There are three wombat species (species). Northern and southern wombats have furry noses, ________ common wombats have bare skin on noses. 11．She was excited about her new role ________ soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge. (用适当的词填空) 12．We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ________did the job. 13．He is a shy man________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. (用适当的词填空) 14．Let's keep to the point, ________we will never reach any decision. 15．It was estimated that about 500 million people ________ one-third of the world's population of that time became infected with this virus. 16．Although Mary loved flowers, ________she nor her husband was known as a gardener. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 17．It’s also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 18．Each volume in the set explores a wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, ________ discusses the influences they have on everyday life. 19．I have grown not only physically, ________ also mentally in the past few years. (用适当的词填空) 20．Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, ________ once I started the car, my mind went blank. 21．_________ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure. (用适当的词填空) 22．Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ________ we need reminders in our life from friends, authors, bloggers, pastors or our inner spirits to refocus on the things that matter and make us live positively. (用适当的词填空) 23．After the Civil War, Clara traveled to Europe to rest. _________that did not last long. 24．The race started in Langfang, near the Chinese capital Beijing, ________ended in Shanghai. 25．Small amounts of caffeine — a cup ________ two of coffee a day — seem safe for most people. 26．In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 27．One might think Fleming discovered penicillin by accident, ________ actually this is far from the truth. 28．They were going back home ________ the accident happened. (用适当的词填空) 29．They kept their collection at home until it got too big ________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. (用适当的词填空) 30．The price of diamond rings has risen sharply ________ the price of gold rings has gone down. 二、状语从句 1．Over time, _____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. (用适当的词填空) 2．—Was it still there ________ you were away to answer the phone? —There is no doubt about it. (用适当的词填空) 3．________ case you’re wondering, here’s why mobile data are so expensive in South Africa when compared with other countries. 4．In the forest, sound is the best means of communication over distance ________ in comparison with light, it won’t be blocked by trees when travelling. 5．Many of life’s failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success ________ they gave up. 6．China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, ________ accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the countries along the route. (用适当的词填空) 7．Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better. 8．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. 9．—How about travelling abroad this winter holiday, just for a change? —OK. ________you want. 10．Man cannot discover new oceans ________ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore. 11．________ many of us today take the television for granted, it’s actually one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century. 12．________ they are extremely talented, it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities. 13．Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even ________he/she may flee abroad. 14．Most people have to get to a point where they don’t have a choice ________they change something. (用适当的词填空) 15．The man hid himself behind the door waiting so________ no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion. 16．They were on the point of giving up ________the captain encouraged them to save the ship. 17．Nowadays, parents go all out to leave possessions to their children, ________they are rich or poor. 18．“________ the patterns and colors may be different, paper-cuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people,” says Yang Huizi, an art teacher at Beijing Union University. 19．We cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________we are sitting. 20．About 74 percent of the parents said online courses have added an extra burden on them________they have to spend more time taking care of and assisting their children. 21．________the project was operated, it has increasingly drawn public attention for its facilitation(促进) of economic growth, industrial upgrading and ecological improvement in water-stressed districts. 22．France has been on lockdown since March 17, preventing anyone from leaving their home ________they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine. 23．________ the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. 24．When you read the book, you’d better make a mark ________ you have any question. (用适当的词填空) 25．Like any natural force, gravity pull can work with us or not. The gravity pull of our habits may currently be keeping us from going ________ we want to go. 26．________ students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures. (用适当的词填空) 27．You should try to get a good night sleep, ________ much work you have to do. (用适当的词填空) 28．________ the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. 29．Chinese women’s volleyball team has undoubtedly been the national pride ________ it first claimed the championship in 1981. 30．In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ________ they are avoiding material possessions. 31．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 32．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. (用适当的词填空) 33．The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ______ I could ask for their names. 34．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even ________he wants to. (用适当的词填空) 语法精练 35．________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案 第一节 定语从句 定语从句真题 2024年 1. that/which.商店的定价播放时让他们赚最多的钱,That代指的是they price goods in the way 这件事。 2. 考查关系代词。句意：直到阿拉斯加南部的Wrangell-Saint Elias在1978年成为国家纪念碑，并在1980年成为国家公园，才获得12.3百万英亩的荣誉。这里是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Wrangell-Saint Elias，应用关系代词which。 3. 考察：定语从句的关系词。这座温室是当代设计的一大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头(追溯)，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，从而定义了英国丰富的园艺。先行词是the Silk Route, brought缺主语，所以填that或者which. 4. 为纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖的中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔斯特拉特福镇增添了国际化的色彩。考察非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tang Xianzu，属于人，故填who。 2023年 1. 考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 2022年以前 1、（2022年全国高考甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 3、【2020年全国新高考I卷】The80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________opened in 1759 句意为:例如,汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件藏品是1759年开放的大英博物馆的核心藏品。分句子成分可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词 the British Museum(指物)且在从句中充当主语,故填 which或that。 4、【2020年全国高考I 卷】 Because the moon'' s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 句意为:由于月球自身遮挡了(地球)与探测器之间直接的无线电通信,中国必须先将一颗卫星送入月球上方轨道的一个位置,在那里它能够向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词spot,且引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用 where引导,故填 where 5、【2020年全国高考Ⅲ 卷】 In ancient China lived an artist ________paintings were almost lifelike. 句意为:中国古代有一位画家,他的画作几乎栩栩如生。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词 artist,,且在从句中作 paintings的定语,两者之间是所属关系,应用 whose引导定语从句。故填 whose.。 1．But like anyone for ________ you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad. 【答案】whom 考查定语从句。句意：但就像任何你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你发疯。 结合句意分析句子可知，此处“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句，先行词是anyone，空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替anyone在从句中做介词for的宾语用whom。故填whom。 2．They rushed over to help the man __________ car had broken down. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 考查定语从句。句意：他们冲过去帮助那个汽车坏了的人。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是man，指人，在从句中作car的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 3．The house in __________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：鲁迅曾经住过的房子现在是一座博物馆。此句考查限制性定语从句，先行词为The house，为物，在从句中作介词in的宾语，设空处只能用关系代词which。故填which。 4．A study shows the students who join in after-school activities are happier than those __________ are not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 考查定语从句关系词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更快乐。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，在从句中做主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 5．This was Mary’s kitchen ________ the big fire broke out. 【答案】where 考查定语从句。句意：这是发生大火的玛丽的厨房。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是kitchen，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，故填where。 6．The reason ________ I will fail to go with you is that I had my left foot injured the other day. 【答案】why 考查定语从句。句意：我不能和你一起去的原因是前几天我的左脚受伤了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why来引导。故填why。 7．In the strange city, there wasn’t a single person ________ whom she could turn for help. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 考查固定短语和定语从句。句意：在这个陌生的城市里，她找不到一个可以求助的人。分析句子可知，句子为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“person”，句中涉及固定短语“turn to sb. for help”，意为“向某人求助”，先行词“person”在从句中作介词“to”的宾语，故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。 8．Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ________ you received gifts? 【答案】whom 考查定语从句。句意：你有没有给收到礼物的亲戚发感谢信？分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为relatives，关系词作from的宾语，应用关系代词whom构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。故填whom。 9．The famous writer and his works ________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 【答案】that 考查定语从句。句意：那位著名作家和他的作品在广播中引起了学生们的极大兴趣。句中先行词为The famous writer and his works ，既指人也指物，在定语从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 10．Mr Black would never forget the day ________ he joined the army. 【答案】when 考查定语从句。句意：布莱克先生永远不会忘记他参军的那一天。句中先行词为the day，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。 11．Life is like a race ________ we all compete with ourselves against time. 【答案】where 考查定语从句。句意：生活就像是一场赛跑，在这次竞赛中我们都在与我们自己比赛。此句是定语从句修饰先行词race，在从句中作地点状语，因此使用关系词where引导定语从句。故填where。 12．There were many fans in the social media ________ expressed their sadness over Jin Yong’s death. 【答案】who 考查定语从句关系词。句意：社交媒体上有很多粉丝对金庸的死表示悲伤。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词fans是there be句型的主语，指人，在从句中作主语，常用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 13．They explained the way to us _________ can greatly reduce energy waste. 【答案】which##that 考查定语从句。句意：他们向我们解释了可以大大减少能源浪费的方法。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，关系词在从句中作主语，应which或that引导。故填which/that。 14．The picture always reminds me of the moments _________ we spent together in the high school. 【答案】which##that 考查定语从句。句意：这张照片总是让我想起我们在高中时一起度过的时光。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the moments。先行词指物，在定语从句中作spent的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that来引导。故填which/that。 15．Paul’s friend didn’t know the real reason _________ which he looked so sad today. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 考查介词。句意：保罗的朋友不知道他今天看起来如此悲伤的真正原因。“介词+关系代词（which）”引导是限制性定语从句，介词的选择与和先行词或从句中形成的搭配有关，the reason for (……的原因/理由)，用介词for。故填for。 16．This was a period _________ we Chinese went through a lot of sufferings. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是一个我们中国人经历了很多苦难的时期。该空后接限制性定语从句，先行词是a period，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。 17．I will never forget the scene _________ you risked (冒险) your life to save the injured. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 考查定语从句关系词 。句意：我永远不会忘记你冒着生命危险抢救伤员的那一幕。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the scene，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 18．Gone are the days ________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies. 【答案】when 考查定语从句。句意：手术意味着把病人开膛破肚的日子一去不复返了。现代医学为医生在患病的身体上进行手术提供了侵入性较小的工具。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词days。在定语从句中，主语为surgery，谓语为meant，宾语为cutting a patient，句子结构完整。关系词充当从句的时间状语，故用关系副词when，故填when。 19．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations ________ would bring about positive emotions. 【答案】which##that 考查定语从句。句意：除了传统的医学治疗，他还试图让自己置身于能带来积极情绪的环境中。分析句子结构可知，“________ would bring about positive emotions”是定语从句，先行词situations，指物，在从句中作主语，应该用which或that来修饰。故填which/that。 20．The train ran over to a boy and his dog ________ were just crossing the track. 【答案】that 考查定语从句。句意：火车向一个男孩和他的狗驶来，他们正穿过铁轨。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a boy and his dog，在从句中作主语。当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that。故填that。 21．I have been reading Commonwealth by Ann Patchett recently. I think it is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. 【答案】that##不填 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词book。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，关系词只能用that。另外，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，也可以省略。故答案为that或不填。 22．It was in the small house ________ was built with stones that he spent his childhood. 【答案】which##that 考查定语从句。句意：他在这个用石头建立的小屋子里度过了他的童年时光。由句子结构看出这是一个含有定语从句的强调句，先行词是the small house，“________ was built with stones”为定语从句，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。 23．If you want to learn the piano well, all _______ you have to do is to practice every day with correct methods. 【答案】that##不填 考查定语从句。句意：如果你想学好钢琴，你所要做的就是每天用正确的方法练习-高考群：。分析句子结构可知，“_______ you have to do”为定语从句，修饰先行词all。先行词是all，且从句缺少宾语，关系词只能用that。另外，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，也可以省略。故填that或不填。 24．They talked about the things and people ________ they met during the trip. 【答案】that 考查定语从句。句意：他们谈论着在旅行中遇到的事情和人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词既有人又有物，且定语从句中缺少宾语，所以只能填that。故填that。 25．My grandmother lived in a generation ________ women were looked down upon. 【答案】when 考查定语从句。句意：我的祖母生活在一个妇女被看不起的时代。空处引导定语从句，先行词是generation，关系词代替先行词在从句作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 26．Whether you like it or not, we live in a community ________ online chatting is an important part of communication. 【答案】where 考查定语从句。句意：不管你是否喜欢，在我们生活的这个社会，网上聊天是人际交流的一个重要部分。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是a community，在从句中作地点状语，应该用where引导，故填where。 27．This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of. 【答案】that##which 考查定语从句。句意：这家餐馆有一种诱人的、如家一般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。分析句子结构可知，此句引导定语从句，先行词atmosphere指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that或which。 28．Officials of our city are considering a law ________ would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 【答案】that##which 考查定语从句。句意：我们城市的官员正在考虑一项法律，要求宠物主人在他们的动物身上植入微芯片。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a law；因关系词指物，且关系词在从句中充当主语，所以用that或which引导该定语从句。故填that或者which。 29．In the fast moving information age, teenagers should keep pace with the media environment ________ they communicate with the outside world. 【答案】where##in which 考查定语从句。句意：在快速移动的信息时代，青少年应该跟上他们与外界交流的媒体环境。设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词为the media environment，定语从句中缺少地点状语；关系副词where=介词+which，表示“在这个信息时代”应用介词in，故where=in which。故填where/in which。 30．Analysts in China say there are three factors ________ contribute to the sudden increase of bikes. 【答案】that 考查定语从句。句意：中国的分析家说有3种因素导致自行车数量的突然增多。空处引导定语从句，先行词factors是there be句型中的主语，且从句缺少主语，用关系代词that不用引导。故填that。 31．Many farms also use chemicals ________ will kill insects in order to protect their plants. 【答案】which##that 考查定语从句。句意：为了保护他们的植物，许多农场也使用可杀死昆虫的化学制品。本题考查限制性定语从句。先行词为chemicals，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The chemicals will kill insects.由此可知，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which或that。 32．In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 33．（2022·内蒙古·集宁二中三模）Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth ________it will be possible to have a longer vacation. 【答案】where 考查定语从句。句意：短途太空旅游将优先发展，然后太空旅馆将围绕地球，在那里较长的度假是可能的。分析句子结构可知，空处为关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the earth，且先行词 the earth在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 34．（2022·山东·模拟预测语法填空）The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 was shown for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week ________ tradition met modernity. 【答案】where 考查定语从句。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 world stage，并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 35．（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 考查定语从句。句意：我领略过了附近的桂林，这是游客们寻找石灰岩山顶和漓江黑水的梦幻之地，艺术家们在许多中国画中描绘了漓江。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Li River，指物，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故用that/which。 36．The reason ________ he failed is that he relied on others too much. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why##for which 考查定语从句。句意：他失败的原因是他太依赖于别人。分析句子结构可知，“________ he failed”为定语从句，修饰先行词reason，当先行词为reason时，从句中不缺少主语或宾语，关系词用why或者for which。故填why或for which。 37．After graduation she reached a point in her life ________ she had to decide what to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where##at which 考查定语从句。句意：毕业之后，她到了人生中不得不决定做什么的地步。case, point等抽象地点名词作先行词，并且从句中缺状语时，常用where引导定语从句，也可用at which。故填where或at which。 38．There are many good websites ________ you can check out the latest news in the science world. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where##on which 考查定语从句。句意：有很多好的网站可以让你了解科学世界的最新消息。先行词为websites，将先行词代入定语从句后为you can check out the latest news in the science world on the websites。由此可知引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，也可用介词加which，在网站上，用介词on。故填where或on which。 39．The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by the passing car. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 考查定语从句。句意：母亲一再地感谢那个年轻人，如果没有他的帮助，她的儿子就会被过往的汽车撞死。分析句子成分可知，此处应用whose修饰名词help，引导非限制性定语从句。故填whose。 40．The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king, saying that the gold was for the person ________ removed the huge rock from the road. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who##that 考查定语从句。句意：钱包里有许多金币和一张国王写的条子，上面说这些金币是给那个把巨石从路上移走的人的。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为person，所以应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 41．There are certain dates throughout the year ________ the entire country takes a vacation at the same time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when##on which 考查定语从句。句意：在一年中有特定的几个日期整个国家同时度假。先行词为certain dates，在关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when，也可以用介词+which，在那些日子，用介词on。故填when或on which。 42．He was also the one ________ founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao in 1959. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who ## that 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：此外，他是那个在1959年创办了香港日报《明报》的人。本题考查限制性定语从句，先行词为the one，在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 43．...the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _______lived from roughly 551 to 479, B．C．,influenced. . . (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 考查定语从句。句意：……生活在公元前551年至公元前479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响……。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Confucius，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导从句。故填who。 44．The government has carried out several new plans, ________benefits are various and obvious. 【答案】whose 考查定语从句。句意：政府已经实施了几项新计划，其好处是多方面的和明显的。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词plans，先行词在从句中作定语，应用whose引导。故填whose。 45．（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 考查定语从句。句意：但莎拉和顶级模特一起参加了演出，她想证明自己既聪明又漂亮。先行词是Sarah，指人，在从句中作主语，因此非限制性定语从句的关系代词应使用who。故填who。 46．In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of ________ wear glasses. 【答案】whom 考查定语从句。句意：他们班共有54名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是students，介词后指代人用宾格whom。故填whom。 47．Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of ________ was very reasonable. 【答案】which 考查定语从句。句意：最近我买了一个古老的花瓶，价格很合理。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子为定语从句，先行词an ancient vase在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，应该用which来引导。故填which。 48．The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing. 【答案】which 考查定语从句。句意：结果与他们当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。这里用which引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代空前的整句内容并在从句中作主语。故填which。 49．He had skin cancer, ________ made him ready to give up. 【答案】which 考查定语从句。句意：他得了皮肤癌，这使他准备放弃。设空处前有逗号，可推知设空处引导非限制性定语从句；先行词为前面一句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填which。 50．The majority of the ads were also promoting extra-curricular education institutions, ________ have been condemned for putting extra academic pressure on students. 【答案】which 考查定语从句。句意：大部分广告也都是宣传课外辅导机构，这些课外辅导机构因给学生们施加了额外的学习压力一直受到指责。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为extra-curricular education institutions，定语从句缺少作主语，指物，应该用which引导该从句。故填which。   第二节 名词从句 名词从句真题 2024年真题 1. 这个属于前缺后缺用what, that's缺少表语，they will promote缺少宾语，前后双缺，表示物，用 what. 2. 考查连词。句意：在现在的怀俄明州西北部的火洞河边的营火前放松。他们是15人探险队的一部分。结合句意，这里需要填入一个关系代词来引导从句，in缺宾语，is缺主语。双缺，所以填what。 2022年以前 1、（2022年浙江高考1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. (用适当的词填空) 考查宾语从句。句意：为了她的派对，Cobb开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者是否可以远程发言。分析句子可知，ask sb. sth.，该空引导的从句也是ask的宾语，即宾语从句，宾语从句不缺成分，缺句意“是否”，whether/if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，符合语境，故填whether/if。 2、（2021年全国新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。 3．（2021年北京高考卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．(用适当的词填空) 考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人无法告诉他她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故填where。 4、（2020年北京高考卷）Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it’s possible. (用适当的词填空) 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人，问问他们你是否可以在可能的时候加入。____ you can join in when it’s possible是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 5、（2019年全国高考I卷） While they are rare north of88 ，there is evidence_________ hey range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 句意为:虽然它们很少出现在北纬88度(的地区)，但有证据表明,它们的活动范围遍及整个北极地区,最南可至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。分析句子结构可知,主句为 there be句型,且结构完整,设空处引导同位语从句,解释说明中心词 evidence的内容,故填that。 6、（2018年全国高考III卷）I' n not sure _______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 句意为:我不确定谁感到更惊恐,是我还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,从句缺主语,根据设空处后的 me or the female gorilla可知,设空处表示“谁”,故应用who引导该从句。 定语从句模拟 一、主语从句 1．________ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. 【答案】What 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：Gabriela正在经历的事情是预料之中的文化冲突。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为was，设空处引导主语从句，从句缺宾语，根据句意可知应填连接代词what，表示“……的事情”，位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填What。 2．______ Mike didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterday is unknown. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Why 考查主语从句。句意：迈克昨天为什么没来开会还不知道。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，由unknown可知，句子表示“迈克昨天为什么没来开会还不知道”，空格处意为“为什么”，应用why，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Why。 3．______ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：一些人认为是缺点的东西，在许多人看来却是优点。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“一些人认为是缺点的东西，在许多人看来却是优点”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 4．Obviously, ________the poet wants to express is his deep love for his country. 【答案】what 考查主语从句。句意：显然，诗人想表达的是他深深的爱国之情。分析句子结构，该句是主语从句，主句系动词是is，主句表语是love，从句谓语是wants，to express作want的宾语，则设空处需填what充当从句的宾语。故填what。 5．It was a rough estimate _________about 20 percent of the rubbish was dumped into the sea. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查主语从句。句意：据粗略估计，大约20%的垃圾被倾倒到海里。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 6．It is predicted __________ the recovery of the Japanese economy might be shadowed by the nuclear accident there. 【答案】that 考查主语从句连接词。句意：有人预测，日本的核事故可能会给日本经济的恢复蒙上阴影。分析句子可知，it is predicted that为固定句型，表示“有人预测”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填that。 7．________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are. 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：这段经历最令人激动的地方是这个世界之外的风景。当你站在山顶时，你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么渺小。分析句子可知，空处应填连接代词what引导主语从句，并充当从句的主语。故答案是What。 8．________ I can’t understand is why so many high school students are unwilling to major in medicine. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：我不明白的是为什么这么多高中生不愿意主修医学。　　　　　　　　 I can’t understand为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用连接代词what引导，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 9．________ matters most in improving yourself is to make a manageable plan. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：提高自己最重要的是制定一个可管理的计划。分析句子结构可知，　　　　　　　 matters most in improving yourself为主语从句，从句缺少主语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导，首字母大写。故填What。 10．I read about it in some magazine or other; does it matter ________ it was? 【答案】which 考查名词性从句。句意：我在什么杂志上读到过；是哪个重要吗？分析句子结构可知，此处“____ it was”是主语从句，空格前it在句中作形式主语；从句缺少表语，所以用连接代词；根据句意，此处意指“哪一本”，所以用which。故填which。 11．Sometimes, ________ we can’t get seems better than what we have already had. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 考查主语从句。句意：有时候，我们无法得到的东西似乎比我们已经拥有的东西更好。分析句子及主句谓语动词seems可知，　　　　　　　　 we can’t get是主语从句，且从句中谓语can’t get后缺乏宾语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 12．It is still not obvious ________ the president can do to get rid of the public’s anger. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 考查主语从句。句意：总统能做些什么来消除公众的愤怒还不明显。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少do的宾语，空格处表示能做的事情，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，故填what。 13．It worried her a lot ________ the hair of her mother-in-law was turning grey. 【答案】that 考查固定句型。句意：她婆婆的头发变白这件事让她很担心。分析可知，本句应用了it作形式主语的句式，句首的It是形式主语，后面的从句为真正的主语，不缺成分，所以用从属连词that引导，故填that。 14．So they collected clips of 20 different environmental sounds, including water dripping, ice cracking, whales calling and so on. _________ they found is that as the repeats accumulated, the participants rated the sounds as being more tuneful. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：因此，他们收集了20种不同环境声音的片段，包括滴水声、冰裂声、鲸鱼叫声等。他们发现，随着重复次数的积累，参与者认为这些声音更悦耳。“______they found”是主语从句，从句中缺少found的宾语，根据“that as the repeats accumulated, the participants rated the sounds as being more tuneful”可知，此处应用连接代词what表示“什么”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 15．________ Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural clash in expectations. She was used to her previous work environment where the team leader and manager took control and made decisions. 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：加布里埃拉正在经历的事情是预料之中的文化冲突。她已经习惯了以前的工作环境，在这种环境中，团队领导和经理控制并做出决定。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导主语从句，且从句谓语动词was experiencing后缺宾语，应由连接代词what引导。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 16．They can run at the speed of an Olympic runner, but only for a minute and a half or so. ________ is interesting is their cube-shaped poop (粪便). (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：他们可以以奥林匹克运动员的速度奔跑，但只能跑一分半钟左右。有趣的是它们的立体便便。“ is interesting”是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，意为“什么”，用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 17．Wang Fang, a conservation biologist at Fudan University, said________ would be affected by the mine and hydropower projects are not only animals but also the region’s climate patterns in the long run. 【答案】what 考查主语从句。句意：复旦大学的保护生物学家王方说，从长远来看，受矿山和水电项目影响的不仅是动物，还有该地区的气候模式。分析句子可知，“_____would be affected by the mine and hydropower projects”是主语从句，空格处单词在该从句中作主语，表示“(受矿山和水电项目影响的)事情或事物”，应用连接代词what引导该从句，故填what。 18．It is recommending ________ the vaccine be administered in two doses(剂) to those aged 18 and over. 【答案】that 考查名词性从句。句意：建议18岁及以上的人接种两剂疫苗。句中it作形式主语，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接词that引导主语从句。故填that。 19．________ gave the message an even greater meaning was that there was no advance planning. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：让这一信息具有更大意义的是它没有预先计划。分析句子结构可知，　　　　　　　gave the message an even greater meaning是一个主语从句，从句缺少主语，意为“……的事物”，故此处用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 20．It is assumed, for a person to be healthy, ________ yin and yang forces should be in balance. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查名词性从句。句意：人们认为，为了使一个人健康，阴阳力量应该平衡。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查“It is assumed that”。其中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语，引导词that不可以省略。故填that。 二、同位语从句 21．I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：我有足够的证据证明努力是有回报的。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明前面的名词evidence，且从句不缺任何成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that来引导，且不可省略that。故填that。 22．Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：通过多年的研究已经发现了孩子们早期的睡眠问题可能随着长大会继续的证据。通过分析句子结构可知，句中包含同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，用that连接同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不作任何成分，且没有实际意义。填that。 23．A problem has occurred ________we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas. 【答案】whether 考查同位语从句。句意：我们是否应该培养学生的创新能力这个问题已经出现了。根据句意，此处应用whether表示“是否”，引导同位语从句。故填whether。 24．Do you have any idea _________is actually going on in the classroom?(用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 考查同位语从句。句意：你知道教室里到底发生了什么吗？分析句子结构，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词idea，空处在从句中作主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。 25．Word came ______ he was punished by the king, for he didn’t keep his word. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：消息传来，国王惩罚了他，因为他不遵守诺言。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 26．There is no doubt ________ we should be grateful to those people who help us when we are in trouble. 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，我们应该感谢那些在我们遇到困难时帮助我们的人。there is no doubt that...无疑……，是固定句型，that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明doubt的内容。故填that。 27．Some old people still hold the view ________ women should stay at home to take care of the family. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：一些老人仍旧认为妇女应该呆在家里面照顾孩子。分析句子结构可知，后面的句子“women should stay at home to take care of the family”内容完整，与前文的名词“view”指代的内容是一致的，两者是同位关系，即对抽象名词“view”的内容进行解释说明，是同位语从句，从句成分完整，用只起连接作用的that来引导同位语从句。故填that。 28．There is no possibility ________ we will pick you up at the airport;the snowstorm has been on. 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：我们不可能在机场接你；暴风雪已经开始了。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，根据句意可知，从句句意完整，成分齐全，所以使用从属连词that引导从句，作名词possibility的同位语。故填that。 29．Have you heard of the good news ________ the severe flood has been under control? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查名词性从句。句意：你听说大洪水已经得到控制的好消息了吗？分析句子结构可知，此处“___the severe flood has been under control”是作名词news的同位语从句；从句不缺成分且语义完整，所以用连词that引导该从句。故填that。 30．We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library should provide more science books. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生的要求，学校图书馆应该提供更多的科学书籍。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that，故填that。 31．And this should serve as a warning to other celebrities ________ they honestly pay taxes for every cent they have earned or risk the end of their career. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 考查名词性从句。句意：这应该是对其他名人的一个警告——他们是诚实地为自己赚到的每一分钱纳税，还是冒结束职业生涯的风险。分析句子结构可知，此处“___they honestly pay taxes for every cent they have earned or risk the end of their career”解释名词warning的内容，是同位语从句，从句不缺成分；结合句意和句中or可以，此处涉及“whether...or...”结构，意为“是……还是……”，引导同位语从句。故填whether。 32．There are doubts ________ the new drug will be effective in treating the disease. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 考查同位语从句。句意：人们对这种新药是否能有效治疗这种疾病心存怀疑。该空应填连词引导名词doubts的同位语从句，从句成分完整，结合语境可知，引导词表示“是否”，需用连接词whether引导。故填whether。 三、表语从句 33．Health is very important for career success and that is ______ you should exercise regularly. 【答案】why 考查表语从句的连接词。句意：健康对于事业的成功是非常重要的，这就是为什么你应该经常锻炼。根据句子结构和句意，设空处应填关系副词why，引导表语从句，表原因。故填why。 34．If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are ________ you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. 【答案】that 考查名词性从句。句意：如果你看看你的厨房或办公室，很有可能你会注意到你周围都是塑料水瓶、外卖杯、塑料购物袋和食品包装袋。结合句意表示“很有可能……”句型为chances are that…，从句不缺少成分表语句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导表语从句。故填that。 35．Well-made, long-lasting clothing is________ we should buy and wear. 【答案】what 考查表语从句。句意：我们应该购买和穿质量好，耐穿的衣物。分析句子可知，此处为表语从句，从句中的buy 和wear缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 36．He has made so many mistakes. That is _________ he is too careless. 【答案】because 考查表语从句。句意：犯了这么多错误。那是因为他太粗心了。is后接表语从句，从句缺少表示“原因”的连接词because。故填because。 37．His capability has never been in doubt; the question is ________ he is prepared to put efforts. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 考查表语从句。句意：他的能力从未受到怀疑；问题是他是否准备付出努力。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，根据“the question is”可知，句子表示“问题是他是否准备付出努力”，空格处意为“是否”，因此用连词whether引导表语从句，故填whether。 38．Hunan is one of the major rice producers in China, and is ________ farmers plant double-cropping rice. Among the rice’s output, the yield of early rice came to 667.8 kg per mu in the test fields, and that of late-season rice stood at 936.1 kg per mu. 【答案】where 考查表语从句。句意：湖南是中国主要的水稻产地之一，也是农民种植双季稻的地方。水稻产量中，试验田早稻产量为667.8公斤/亩，晚稻产量为936.1公斤/亩。分析句子结构be动词后接表语从句。根据句意及成分分析此处缺地点状语，应用where来引导，故填where。 39．The message I want to convey is________ it is never too late to pursue good health. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查表语从句。句意：我想传达的信息是，追求健康永远都不晚。分析句子结构，is后为表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。 40．However, recent research from Harvard Medical School has shown that, on average, approximately 4，400 steps a day is enough to significantly reduce the risk of death in women. This was ________ it was compared to only walking around 2，700 steps daily. 【答案】when 考查表语从句连接词。句意：然而，哈佛医学院(Harvard Medical School)最近的研究表明，平均每天约4,400步就足以显著降低女性的死亡风险。这是当与每天只走2700步相比的时候。表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据句意可知，此处是指这是与每天只走2700步相比的情况下，平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险。所以应用when引导表语从句。故填when。 41．Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now. 【答案】where 考查表语从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们不会有今天的成就。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故填where。 42．However, the fact is ________ bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem. 【答案】that 考查连接词。句意：然而，事实是蝙蝠在保持生态系统平衡方面起着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中不作句子成分，所以填that。 43．Another reason is ________ many of today's young people believe it's wrong to kill animals for food. 【答案】that 考查表语从句。句意：另一个原因是，今天的许多年轻人认为为了食物而杀死动物是错误的。分析句子可知，本句是表语从句，表语从句中不缺少成分，只缺少一个引导词，此时要用that 引导表语从句。故填that。 44．This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 考查名词性从句。句意：这就是我父亲教给我的——总是面对困难，抱着最好的希望。在表语从句中缺少taught的宾语，根据“to always face difficulties and hope for the best”可知，此处是指道理，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 45．But my teacher always says, “We want to be younger.” so about the age of Western women, my advice is ______ if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 考查表语从句。句意：但是我的老师总是说，“我们想要更年轻。”“所以关于西方女性的年龄，我的建议是，如果你不知道，不要问；如果你真的知道，就别说了。分析可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故填that。 46．There will be challenges ahead, however, which is ______we are fully preparing for all possibilities. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 考查名词性从句。句意：然而，前方会有挑战，这就是为什么我们正为各种可能性做好充分准备。空处引导表语从句，表语从句中，缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why。故填why。 47．The problem is ________ can take the place of her. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁能代替她。分析句子可知，空格处引导表语从句，连接代词who引导从句，在从句中作主语，指人，符合句意。故填who。 48．The key to becoming happy is________ you treat your life and work. 【答案】how 考查表语从句。句意：快乐的关键在于你如何对待生活和工作。分析句子结构和句意可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how。故填how。 49．And this is, when my taxi driver told me, ________ I now call, “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”(用适当的单词填空) 【答案】what 考查表语从句。句意：这就是我的出租车司机告诉我的，我现在称之为“垃圾车定律”。分析句子成分可知，“when my taxi driver told me”是插入语，“this is”后面跟的是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且表示“什么”，应用what。故填what。 50．From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 考查表语从句。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为大约百分之七十一的表面被水覆盖。分析句子可知，be动词后接表语从句。根据句意，用关系词because。故填because。 四、宾语从句 51．I’m not sure ______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) ... I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定是谁更害怕，我还是雌性大猩猩……我与大猩猩面对面，大猩猩开始大声尖叫。分析句子结构，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，结合语意，我不确定谁更害怕，所以空处应用who引导从句。故填who。 52．It is unwise to give the children ____________ they want. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whatever 考查宾语从句。句意：孩子们要什么就给什么是不明智的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为从属连词whatever“无论什么”引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作want的宾语，故填whatever。 53．（2022·广东梅州·一模语法填空）Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see ________ would move first. 【答案】who 考查名词性从句连接词。句意：当熊和我都在等着看谁先行动，时间好像静止了。would move是从句的谓语动词，see是及物动词，故本空缺少名词从句的连接词，且此连接词作从句的主语，结合句意填who。故填who。 54．You never know __________ it might lead you in the life journey. 【答案】where 考查宾语从句。句意：你永远不知道在人生的旅途中它会把你带向何处。分析句子结构可知空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“带向何处”，应使用连接副词where引导。故填where。 55．Cobb ,for her part ,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak________ she could do so remotely ,about three quarters of the time，they agreed. 【答案】whether##if 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：就Cobb个人来说，她开始询问邀请她来讲话的会议组织者，是否能远程线上进行。分析句子结构可知，空白处引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，从句不缺少成分，再根据本句末的 they agreed可知，这里指Cobb询问会议举办方她是否能远程演讲，要用whether或if表示“是否”。故填 whether或if。 56．Van Gogh painted ________ he saw from his window---the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon. 【答案】what 考查宾语从句。句意：梵高画了他从窗户看到的东西，有夜空、星星和月亮。分析句子结构可知，在 painted后面是宾语从句，从句谓语动词saw缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 57．It’s good to know ________ dogs will be well cared for while we are away. 【答案】that##\ 考查宾语从句。句意：很高兴知道我们不在的时候狗会得到很好的照顾。空处引导宾语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导，且可省。故填that或者\。 58．Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see ________ accounts for their emotions. 【答案】what 考查宾语从句。句意：只有当你认真考虑他们的观点时，你才能看到是什么导致了他们的情绪。空处引导宾语从句，缺少主语，且意为“什么”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 59．If we have been awed by natural wonders and human civilization, we will understand ________ UNESCO is fighting to preserve those important cultural and natural heritage sites. 【答案】why 考查宾语从句。句意：如果我们对自然奇观和人类文明感到敬畏，我们就会理解为什么联合国教科文组织要努力保护这些重要的文化和自然遗产。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导。故填why。 60．Before shopping, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在购物之前，我会列出孩子们在下一季需要的东西。分析宾语从句“ my kids will need for the coming season”，可知句子缺少宾语，指“……的事物”，因此需要用连接代词what来引导整个句子，what在从句中充当宾语。故填what。   第三节 并列句 状语从句 2024年 1. 这个属于either…or结构。故填or. 2. 观察此句结构，hear...和see...之间为并列关系，填写and。 2023年 1. 考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 2. 考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 3. 考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 2022年以前 1、（2022年新高考I卷）...After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. (用适当的词填空) 考查连词。句意。经过三年的试点，GPNP将于明年正式成立。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，留下宝贵的自然资产或子孙后代”的指导原则。设空处无提示词，且前后为并列关系，应用and，连接三个指导原则 “protecting..., preserving ..., and leaving ...”。故填and。 2．（2022年全国乙卷） The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. (用适当的词填空) 考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语，应用and连接。故填and。 3、（2022年新高考II卷） He hung on for a few minutes ______ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 4、（2021年浙江卷）Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. (用适当的词填空) 考查并列连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 5、（2019新课标II卷）Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, _________because I want to.” (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 考查并列连词。句意：艾琳说:“我认为没有任何理由放弃工作。我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。”根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定搭配not...but...“不是……而是……”。故填but。 一、并列句 1．But the river wasn’t changed in a few days _____ even a few months. It took years of work to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 考查连词。句意：但是这条河并没有在几天或甚至几个月内发生变化。经过多年的努力，减少了工业污染，清洁了水源。句中a few days和a few months为选择关系，需用连词or连接。根据句意，故填or。 2．The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem ________it’s really an engineering one. 【答案】when 考查连词。句意为：关于全球气候变暖的讨论已经变成了一个道德范畴的问题，然而实际上它真的只是一个工程上的问题。结合语意，it’s really an engineering one与前面的it has become a moral problem之间是转折关系，且设空处前没有逗号，所以此处应用when表转折，意为“然而”。故填when。 3．（2022·江西·模拟预测）The giant panda typically lives around 15-20 years in the wild and above 30 years in captivity. Considering one year for a giant panda is equal to three ________four years for a human being in terms of ageing, she was over 100 in the human standard. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 考查连词。句意：野生大熊猫一般能活15-20年，圈养大熊猫则能活30年以上。考虑到大熊猫的1岁相当于人类年龄的3岁或4岁，以人类的标准来看它超过了100岁了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查并列连词表示“或者”的意思。故填or。 4．The Renaissance was over________it was time for a new era -- the Age of Reason.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 考查并列连词。句意：文艺复兴结束了，是时候进入一个新时代了——理性主义的时代。空格前面“The Renaissance was over”是个“主系表”结构的句子，句子结构完整；空格后的句子是形式主语it引导的句子，句子结构完整，并且前后两句描述了两件事，所以中间加入并列连词and来连接，表示“顺接”关系。故填and。 5．Many tech firms ________ startups demand of people to work nearly double — or more —the number of hours in a typical work week. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：许多科技公司和创业公司要求人们的工作时间几乎是一周工作时间的两倍甚至更多。分析句子成分可知，“demand of”在句中做谓语动词， “tech firms”和“startups”是并列成分，都是名词，在句中一起做主语，因此用and连接。故填and。 6．I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president. 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。由句意可知，“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词。故填and。 7．Our food supply depends on climate________ weather conditions. Agricultural practices may be adaptable, but changes like increased temperatures, water stress, diseases, and weather extremes create challenges for the farmers who put food on our tables. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：我们的食物供应取决于气候和天气状况。农业实践可能具有适应性，但气温升高、水资源紧张、疾病和极端天气等变化给为我们提供食物的农民带来了挑战。此处climate与weather conditions为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 8．Through Friday’s opening ceremony, people can clearly see China’s pursuit of building a peaceful world, its reflection of the new Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger-Together” ________ the Beijing Winter Games’ motto of “Together for a Shared Future”. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：通过周五的开幕式，人们可以清楚地看到中国对建设一个和平世界的追求，它反映了“更快、更高、更强——在一起”的奥林匹克新格言和北京冬奥会的座右铭“携手共进，共享未来”。此处为三个并列结构一起充当see的宾语，应用连词and。故填and。 9．The same goes for natural fibers; this quality counts, of course, ________ it is less important if you throw away clothes within a few months from time of purchase. The most important thing is to make them last. 【答案】but 考查并列连词。句意：对于天然的纤维制品也是如此，质量很重要。但是如果买了几个月就扔掉的话，质量就没那么重要。分析句子可知，前一句强调品质的重要性，后一句阐述某些条件下，质量就变得没那么重要，前后句属于转折关系，故用but。 10．There are three wombat species (species). Northern and southern wombats have furry noses, ________ common wombats have bare skin on noses. 【答案】while 考查连词。句意：北方和南方的袋熊有毛茸茸的鼻子，而普通袋熊鼻子上只有裸露的皮肤。空处应用连词。空前内容和空后内容之间形成对比，用并列连词while。故填while。 11．She was excited about her new role ________ soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 考查连词。句意：她对自己的新职位感到兴奋，但很快意识到管理她的新团队将是一项挑战。根据句意可知，设空处前后存在转折关系，因而用but连接。故填but。 12．We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ________did the job. 【答案】but 考查连词。句意：我们从南门的租车处租了自行车。我的自行车破旧摇摇晃晃，但是还是能骑行。前后句逻辑上是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。 13．He is a shy man________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 考查并列连词。句意：他是一个害羞的人，但他不惧怕任何人和事。分析句子可知，“shy”和“he is not afraid of anything or anyone”形成转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。 14．Let's keep to the point, ________we will never reach any decision. 【答案】or##otherwise 考查连词。句意：我们还是遵守这一点吧，否则，我们做不成任何决定。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为祈使句+or/otherwise+一般将来时。or/otherwise意为“否则”。故填or/otherwise。 15．It was estimated that about 500 million people ________ one-third of the world's population of that time became infected with this virus. 【答案】or 考查并列连词。句意：据估计，大约5亿人或者说当时世界人口的三分之一感染了这个病毒。根据句意及所给句子可知，空格前后为选择性并列关系，应用or。故填or。 16．Although Mary loved flowers, ________she nor her husband was known as a gardener. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 【答案】neither 考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。 林肯在1856年将房子扩大到两层，以满足他们不断壮大的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构neither…nor…，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 17．It’s also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 【答案】and 考查并列连词。句意：这也意味着他们平均来说更健康，工作效率更高。因此，他们可以工作更长时间，消费更多，总的来说对经济是一种促进。本空前后都为形容词的比较级，结合句意可知，healthier和more productive为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 18．Each volume in the set explores a wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, ________ discusses the influences they have on everyday life. 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：该系列中的每一卷都探讨了广泛的材料，解释了数字系统主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。根据句子结构及句意可知，空处和上文explores ，explains为并列关系，所以用连词and，故答案为and。 19．I have grown not only physically, ________ also mentally in the past few years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 考查并列连词。句意：在过去的几年里，我不仅在身体上，而且在思想上都成长了。 此处表示“在过去几年里，我不仅身体上成长了，思想上也成长了”。not only ... but also ...不仅……而且……，为并列连词，故填but。 20．Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, ________ once I started the car, my mind went blank. 【答案】but##yet 考查连词。句意：上车前我认为自己领会了教练的命令，但是一旦启动汽车，我的大脑就变得一片空白。根据语境可知，此处前后句存在转折关系。应填表示转折关系的并列连词but或yet。 21．_________ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While 考查连词。句意：一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，而其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知，此处描述两种情况，表示对比，应用并列连词while连接。故填While。 22．Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ________ we need reminders in our life from friends, authors, bloggers, pastors or our inner spirits to refocus on the things that matter and make us live positively.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 考查连词。句意：生活并不完美，而且总是充满艰辛，因此我们在生活中需要朋友、作家、博主、牧师或者我们内在精神的提醒，从而使自己重新关注那些重要的和可以让我们积极生活的事情。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关系。正因为生活不完美，所以我们才需要重拾生活中可贵的东西。故填so。 23．After the Civil War, Clara traveled to Europe to rest. _________that did not last long. 【答案】But 考查连词。句意：内战结束后，Clara去欧洲旅游休假，但这并没有持续很长时间。前一句提到 Clara去了欧洲休假，后一句说这并没有持续很长时间。说明她的休假并没有维持很久。因此需填一个转折意味的连词，说明前后内容的转折。故填But。 24．The race started in Langfang, near the Chinese capital Beijing, ________ended in Shanghai. 【答案】and 考查连词。句意：该比赛始于临近中国首都的廊坊，并于上海结束。根据句意可知，此处指这次比赛的起点和终点，应用and连接两个并列的谓语动词started和ended。故填and。 25．Small amounts of caffeine — a cup ________ two of coffee a day — seem safe for most people. 【答案】or 考查连词。句意：少量的咖啡因——每天一杯或两杯咖啡——对大多数人来说似乎是安全的。此处指每天喝一杯或两杯咖啡，空格处为“或者”，用or，故填or。 26．In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 【答案】and 考查并列连词。句意：科学家们对全球200个国家33年来身体质量指数(BMI)的趋势进行了研究，发现全世界的人都在变胖，其中大部分原因是农村地区的体重指数增加。此空前后连接两个that引导的宾语从句，且根据句意可知，前后两个从句是并列关系，故填and。 27．One might think Fleming discovered penicillin by accident, ________ actually this is far from the truth. 【答案】but 考查并列句。句意：有人可能认为弗莱明是偶然发现青霉素的，但事实远非如此。此处为并列句，语意上前后两个句子之间为转折关系，只能用转折连词but连接。故填but。 28．They were going back home ________ the accident happened. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 考查连词。句意：他们正在回家的路上时，事故突然发生了。be doing...when...“正在做某事时，突然……”符合句意，故填when。 29．They kept their collection at home until it got too big ________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 考查连词。句意:他们把藏品要么放在家里直到大到放不下，要么就这么一直放着直到主人死了，最后一切都捐给了博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or，或者。故填or。 30．The price of diamond rings has risen sharply ________ the price of gold rings has gone down. 【答案】while 考查连词。句意：钻戒的价格急剧上涨，然而金戒指的价格却下降了。前后两句表对比关系，应用连词while（然而）。故填while。 二、状语从句 1．Over time, _____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as##when 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，人口不断增长，人们开始将食物切成小块。分析句子结构，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着/当……时候”，应用as/when引导从句。故填as/when。 2．—Was it still there ________ you were away to answer the phone? —There is no doubt about it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】while 考查时间状语从句引导词。句意：——在你离开去接电话的时候它还在那吗？——毫无疑问。分析可知，“________ you were away to answer the phone”为时间状语从句，且从句谓语动词“were (away)”表达状态，为延续性动作，“while”表“在……期间”，其后引导的时间状语从句的谓语为延续性动词。故填while。 3．________ case you’re wondering, here’s why mobile data are so expensive in South Africa when compared with other countries. 【答案】In 考查目的状语从句。句意：以防你想知道，以下解释了为什么南非与其他国家相比，其移动数据如此昂贵。结合句意“以防”，此处应用in case引导目的状语从句。句首字母要大写。故填In。 4．In the forest, sound is the best means of communication over distance ________ in comparison with light, it won’t be blocked by trees when travelling. 【答案】because 考查原因状语从句。句意：森林中，声音是远距离交流的最好方法，因为与光相比，声音不会在传播过程中被树阻挡。结合语意，“与光相比，它不会在传播过程中被树阻挡”与“声音是远距离交流的最好方法”之间是因果关系，所以此处应用表原因的连词because。故填because。 5．Many of life’s failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success ________ they gave up. 【答案】when 考查时间状语从句。句意：有些人在放弃时并没有意识到自己离成功有多近，他们会经历很多人生中的失败。结合语意，此处应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 6．China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, ________ accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the countries along the route. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】once 考查状语从句。句意：中国丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线国家的经济增长。分析句子可知，句子为条件状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语动词中含有“be”，故省略了从句主语和谓语动词中的“be”，根据句意可知，应用“once”引导从句，意为“一旦”。故填once。 7．Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better. 【答案】because##as##since 考查状语从句。句意：有时候事实真相很难接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。根据句子结构和句意可知，前后两句是因果关系，所以用从属连词because/as/since(因为)连接，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 8．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. 【答案】though##while##although 考查连词。句意：尽管历史不能改变，但为了面对未来，我们还是要从历史中学会教训。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词引导让步状语从句。结合句意，连词while或although或though可以用来表示让步和转折。故填while或although或though。 9．—How about travelling abroad this winter holiday, just for a change? —OK. ________you want. 【答案】whatever 考查状语从句。句意为：——这个寒假出国旅游怎么样，只是为了换换口味？——好的，随便你。根据句子结构和句意可知，这是一个省略句，此处用连接代词whatever引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论什么”，在从句中做宾语。故填whatever。 10．Man cannot discover new oceans ________ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore. 【答案】unless 考查连词。句意：人类无法发现新的海洋，除非他有勇气忽视海岸。分析句子，设空处应用连词引导条件状语从句。结合句意，“除非，如果不”应用连词unless。故填unless。 11．________ many of us today take the television for granted, it’s actually one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century. 【答案】While##Although##Though 考查状语从句。句意：虽然我们今天很多人认为电视是理所当然的，但它实际上是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while、although或though，句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Although/Though。 12．________ they are extremely talented, it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities. 【答案】Unless 考查条件状语从句。句意：除非他们极有天赋，否则对于仅有几年经验的模特来说，很难给大公司留下深刻印象并赢得机会。结合语意，they are extremely talented是it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。句首字母要大写。故填Unless。 13．Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even ________he/she may flee abroad. 【答案】if##though 考查让步状语从句。句意：任何违法者都必须被逮捕回国内并且对其进行法律制裁，即使他/她可能潜逃到国外。结合语意，he/she may flee abroad是对Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice的让步，所以此处应填if或though，与even构成even if和even though，意为“即使”，表示让步。故填if或though。 14．Most people have to get to a point where they don’t have a choice ________they will change something. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 考查状语从句。句意：多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变。根据“get to a point where they don’t have a choice ”和“they will change something”可知，句子表示“多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变”，before在状语从句中表示“……才……”的意思。故填before。 15．The man hid himself behind the door waiting so________ no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion. 【答案】that 考查目的状语从句。句意：这个男人躲在门背后等待着，以便没有人能够看到他和他的经理商量着升职的事。结合句意，no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion是The man hid himself behind the door waiting的目的，所以此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故填that。 16．They were on the point of giving up ________the captain encouraged them to save the ship. 【答案】when 考查状语从句。句意：他们正要放弃时，这时船长突然鼓励他们挽救这艘船。根据句子结构和句意可知，这是一个时间状语从句，固定句型be on the point of doing sth. when...(正要做某事，这时(突然)……)，所以此处用从属连词when引导该从句。故填when。 17．Nowadays, parents go all out to leave possessions to their children, ________they are rich or poor. 【答案】whether 考查状语从句。句意：如今，无论父母富有还是贫穷，他们都竭尽全力给孩子们留下财产。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处用从属连词whether...or…(不管……还是……)引导让步状语从句。故填whether。 18．“________ the patterns and colors may be different, paper-cuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people,” says Yang Huizi, an art teacher at Beijing Union University. 【答案】Although##Though##While 考查让步状语从句。句意：“尽管样式和颜色可能会有所不同，但是剪纸所承载的维系人们之间的情感纽带的功能却是一样的。”北京联合大学的艺术老师杨慧子说道。结合语意，the patterns and colors may be different和paper-cuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people之间是让步关系，所以此处应用although、though或while引导让步状语从句。句首字母要大写。故填Although、Though或While。 19．We cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________we are sitting. 【答案】where 考查状语从句。句意：我们听不清教授的课，因为在我们坐的地方有太多噪声。根据句子结构和句意可知，as引导原因状语从句，在该从句中there is too much noise是主句，后边应用连接副词where引导地点状语从句，where在这个从句中作状语。故填where。 20．About 74 percent of the parents said online courses have added an extra burden on them________they have to spend more time taking care of and assisting their children. 【答案】because##as 考查原因状语从句。句意：约74%的父母称网课给他们增加了额外的负担，因为他们不得不花更多的时间照顾和帮助他们的孩子。结合语意，they have to spend more time taking care of and assisting their children是对About 74 percent of the parents said online courses have added an extra burden on them的解释，故此处应用because或as表原因，引导从句。故填because或as。 21．________the project was operated, it has increasingly drawn public attention for its facilitation(促进) of economic growth, industrial upgrading and ecological improvement in water-stressed districts. 【答案】Since 考查连词。句意：项目实施以来，因促进缺水地区经济增长、产业升级和生态改善而日益引起公众关注。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导时间状语从句。结合语境及分析时态，空后从句时态为一般过去时，且主句时态为现在完成时，此处应用连词since，意为“自从”，设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Since。 22．France has been on lockdown since March 17, preventing anyone from leaving their home ________they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine. 【答案】unless 考查条件状语从句。句意：法国从3月17日就开始封锁了，任何人都不能离开家，除非他们是主要劳动者，或者他们是出去购买食物或药品。结合语意，they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine是preventing anyone from leaving their home这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。故填unless。 23．________ the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. 【答案】Although##Though##While 考查状语从句。句意：尽管这项为期两年的实验没有取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地了解了人类可能如何在另一个星球上生存。根据句子结构和句意可知，前后两句是转折关系，应由从属连词although/though/while(尽管)引导让步状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 24．When you read the book, you’d better make a mark ________ you have any question. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 考查地点状语从句。句意：当你读这本书的时候，你最好在你有任何问题的地方做好标记。结合语意，空处应用连词where表示“在哪里”，引导地点状语从句，在从句中作状语。故填where。 25．Like any natural force, gravity pull can work with us or not. The gravity pull of our habits may currently be keeping us from going ________ we want to go. 【答案】where##wherever 考查状语从句。句意：像任何自然力一样，重力拉力可以对我们起作用或者不起作用。我们习惯的引力目前可能阻止我们去我们想去的地方。分析句子可知，动词going为不及物动词，后接地点状语从句，表示“（无论）……地方”，应用where/wherever引导从句。故填where/wherever。 26．________ students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Once 考查时间状语从句。句意：一旦学生们决定了要去哪所大学，他们就应该去查询录取程序。结合语意，空处应用连词once，表示 “一旦”，引导时间状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Once。 27．You should try to get a good night sleep, ________ much work you have to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】however 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你有多少工作要做，你应该尽力保证有充足的睡眠。结合语意，空处应用连词however，表示“无论怎样”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。故填however。 28．________ the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. 【答案】As##Because##Since 考查原因状语从句。句意：因为地球资源有限，我们需要更多地回收利用，避免浪费。结合语意，前后句存在因果关系，空处应用连词as/because/since表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填As/Because/Since。 29．Chinese women’s volleyball team has undoubtedly been the national pride ________ it first claimed the championship in 1981. 【答案】since 考查连词。句意：中国女排自1981年首次夺得冠军以来，无疑一直是国家的骄傲。结合句子时态和句意，空前的主句使用现在完成时态，空后为从句，使用一般过去时态，所以空处应用连词since，表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句。故填since。 30．In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ________ they are avoiding material possessions. 【答案】that 考查结果状语从句。句意：在日本，他们对国家的未来如此悲观，以至于他们不追求物质财富。根据固定句型“so…that”意为“如此……以至于”可知，此空应填连词that，构成结果状语从句。故填that。 31．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 【答案】As long as 考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。 32．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。 33．The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ______ I could ask for their names. 【答案】before 考查从属连词。句意：那对年轻夫妇，还给了我丢失的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名字，他们就走了。根据题干，设空处应填从属连词before，引导时间状语从句。before sb could do sth，意为“在某人能做…之前，某人还没来得及做某事”。故填before。 34．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even________he wants to. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though##if 考查让步状语从句。句意：他很忙，即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。分析句子可知，“cannot afford enough time ”和“he wants to”形成转折关系，even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”。故填though或if。 35．________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Where 考查从属连词。句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有更进一步、不断向前的决心。根据“he once felt like giving up”可知，此处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。故填Where。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$