UNIT1 Period 3 Using language：Non-defining attributive clauses-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案配套课件（外研版2019）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1　Laugh out loud！ Period 3　Using language：Non-defining attributive clauses 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 关键能力 互动探究 核心语法 专项突破 非限制性定语从句在句中主要起补充说明的作用，在非限制性定语从句与主句之间往往有逗号隔开，从句独立存在，如果把从句去掉，一般不会影响整个句子的意思。 知识点1　非限制性定语从句的关系词 1．关系代词的选择(非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导) 关系代词 所指 所作成分 who 指人 主语、宾语等 whom 指人 宾语(不能省略；前面有介词时，不能用who替代) which 指代整个主句或主句的一部分 主语、宾语等 whose 指人或指物 定语 as 指代整个主句 主语、宾语等 *Li Ming, who is my cousin, has gradually adjusted to the life in America. 李明是我的表弟，他已经逐渐适应了美国的生活。 *Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。 *Tom, whose father is one of my old friends, came to see me from London. 汤姆是我的一个老朋友的儿子，他从伦敦来看我。 *Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which is what his parents expect. 汤姆学习努力且乐于助人，这正是他父母所期望的。 [温馨提示]　(1)常见的as引导的非限制性定语从句：as we all know 众所周知；as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的那样；as I can remember 正如我所记得的；as you can see 如你所见；as was expected 正如预料的那样；as has been said above 如上所述；as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那样；as is often the case 这是常见的情况 (2) as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 关系代词 所指 意思 从句位置 as 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 正如；像 可位于句首、句中或句末 which 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分 这一点；这/那 一般位于主句之后 *The boy failed to pass his exam, which made his mother very angry. 这个男孩考试没及格，这令他妈妈非常生气。 *As was expected, she didn't pass the exam. 正如所预料的一样，她没通过考试。 2．关系副词的选择(关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替) 关系副词 所指 所作成分 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词或抽象地点名词 地点状语 *Our graduation will be held in July, when we will say goodbye to our teachers. 我们的毕业典礼将在七月举行，那时我们将和老师们告别。 *They went to London, where they lived for six months. 他们去了伦敦，在那儿待了六个月。 *None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent. 我们中没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。 知识点2　限制性/非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 关系词和先行词不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词用逗号分开 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删去，句子意思将不完整 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删去，句子意思仍然完整、明确 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 译法上 通常译成先行词的定语，即“……的……” 通常译成与主句并列的分句 关系词的使用上 可用that；关系代词作宾语时可省略 不用that；关系代词作宾语时不可省略 *This is the book (which/that) he lost yesterday. 这就是他昨天丢的那本书。 *The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found. 他昨天丢的那本书已经找到了。 *He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 *He is a generous man, who lives next to me. 他是一个慷慨的人，住在我的隔壁。 知识点3　非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题 1．非限制性定语从句常位于句末，但也可位于句中，这时前后都需要用逗号隔开。 *The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 那些小孩子都想踢足球，因下雨而感到失望。 2．“介词＋关系代词”也可引导非限制性定语从句。 先行词指人时，关系代词用whom，不可用who/that；先行词指物时，关系代词用which，不能用that。 *A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with whom you sparkle and become more knowledgeable. 朋友就是能使你表现出你自己最佳品质的人，与他在一起你就会精神焕发，更有见识。 *Last night I took part in a party and lost my key, without which I can't open the door of my dormitory. 昨天晚上我参加聚会把钥匙丢了，没有钥匙我打不开宿舍的门。 3．“名词/代词/数词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。 *Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently. 朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三门语言她都说得很流利。 *Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子每周都给她打电话，他们俩都在国外工作。 4．“名词＋of＋关系代词”有时可用“whose＋名词”或“of＋关系代词＋名词”替换。 *The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in a big fire. ＝The building had been repaired, of which the roof was destroyed again in a big fire. ＝The building had been repaired, whose roof was destroyed again in a big fire. 那栋楼房曾经被整修过，但在一场大火中，楼顶又被烧毁了。 关键能力 互动探究 1．impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象 [教材原文] Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes. 华生对自己的回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(2022·全国甲卷)With an ____________ (impress) 2，000-seat concert hall, St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. ②The kid's parents try to impress ____________ him that it is very important to be honest in daily life. impressive on ③老实说，你的自信和流利的口语给我留下了深刻的印象。 →Honestly speaking, your self-confidence and fluent spoken English ________________________．(impression) →Honestly speaking, I ________________________ your self-confidence and fluent spoken English.(impress) left a deep impression on me was deeply impressed with/by (1)impress sb. with sth. 某事/某物给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事 be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻；被……感动 (2)impression n. [C]印象；感想 leave/make/have a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下一个……的印象 (3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 2．deserve v．应得，应受到 [教材原文]We all deserve a second chance, I guess. 我想，我们都应该再给对方一次机会。 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①We deserved ____________ (win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck. to win ②With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation deserves attention. →With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation ________________________． →With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation ___________________________． deserves paying attention to deserves to be paid attention to [温馨提示]　deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need、want、require作“需要”讲时也有类似的用法。 (1)deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做某事 deserve doing＝deserve to be done 值得(被)做 (2)deserve attention/consideration/sympathy 值得注意/考虑/同情 deserve blame/punishment 应受责备/惩罚 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today, ____________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, ____________， for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 3．Dr. Rowan, ____________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. as when whose 4．I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，____________ my classmates recommended to me. 5．The story in the book happened in Canada, ____________Doctor Bethune was born. 6．Many lessons are now available online, from ____________ students can choose for free. 7．Many young people, most of ____________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. which where which whom 8．He has made great progress in his work, ____________ makes his parents very proud. 9．____________is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. 10．The manager, in ____________office I just attended an interview, asked me to go back to wait for the reply. which As whose Ⅱ.用非限制性定语从句升级下列句子 1．I have a good command of English and Chinese and it is beneficial for me to introduce Chinese culture to foreigners. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for me to introduce Chinese culture to foreigners. 2．Xi'an is one of the few cities with city walls. Its history is as long as 3，000 years. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．After that, you can go to Shanghai and you can stay there for a week. ________________________________________________________ Xi'an, whose history is as long as 3，000 years, is one of the few cities with city walls. After that, you can go to Shanghai, where you can stay for a week. 4．The old man saw some workers taking apart the cabin. He is talking to the old man. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．John invited about 40 people to his wedding. Most of them are family members. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The old man, whom he is talking to/to whom he is talking, saw some workers taking apart the cabin. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members. 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, __________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 2．According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty ____________ sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice. who when 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Rome can be pricey for travelers, ____________ is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). 4．Tom's colleagues were deeply appreciative of his help, without ____________ support they would not have succeeded. 5．Much of his youth was spent in Beijing, ____________ he developed an interest in Peking Opera. 6．Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, four of ____________ were badly injured. which whose where whom 7．Kate, ____________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 8．Whenever I met her, ____________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. 9．____________ is reported in the newspaper, a serious accident has happened recently. 10．There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, among ____________ I like the Ancient Cultural Street best. whose which As which Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．俗话说得好， 如果你微笑， 世界与你一起微笑；如果你悲伤， 那只能自己承受。 ____________________， smile and the world smiles with you; weep and you weep alone. 2．我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期， 那时我们就不会那么忙了。 We will put off the outing until next week,______________________． As the saying goes when we won't be so busy 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我们都期待着上你的课，在那里我们可以借此机会提高我们的英语口语。 We all look forward to attending your class，_____________________ _________________________________． 4．史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那里学到了很多东西。 Mr. Smith, ____________________________________， is a famous scientist. where we can take the chance to improve our oral English from whom I have learned a lot 5．我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。 I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________________ _________________________________. where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake Ⅲ.语篇填空(用适当的关系词填空) Li Hua, 1.____________ was brought up by his mother, loved his mum very much. Last year, he gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, 2.____________ pleased her a lot. Last month, he was sent to Beijing, 3.____________ he would work for a long time. He was worried about his mother, 4.____________ sight was failing. Therefore, he then had his mum come to Beijing and took her to the hospital, 5.____________ she was well treated. Tomorrow is his mother's 60th birthday, 6.____________ he will buy a pair of glasses for her. who which where whose where when Ⅳ.阅读理解 Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once said, “The British are the only people who like to be told how bad things are.” This is true of British comedy. Most people think humor is about happy things, but for the British, the opposite is true. We love to use our sense of humor to complain and be negative. British comedy, for example, draws a fine line between comedy and tragedy. BBC's The Office is a TV show, famous for its dry humor. The main character, David Brent, is a foolish man, and the show's comedy comes from his delusions. For example, he often tells himself that he is loved by everyone but the viewers can see that everyone hates him. Stupid characters for the audience to laugh at are an old tradition in Britain. In Shakespeare's play Twelfth Night, the character Malvolio is an old man whom people play tricks on.The audience will laugh away, although the reality is that this man is a truly tragic individual (个人). This side of British humor is reflected in friendships as well. At university，my friends and I would always laugh at one another. I had an American friend who actually found this sarcasm (挖苦) quite upsetting. She didn't realize that in Britain, the better friends you are with someone, the more you laugh at him or her. This way—laughing at everything—may sound rather depressing, but our strange humor played a big part in British history. In the Second World War, along with a stiff upper lip, the British got through it by laughing. What else was there to do? There is a saying in English：“Laugh and the world laughs with you; weep and you weep alone.” If you are ever on the receiving end of British sarcasm, you may feel like crying, but it's best to just laugh it off! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英式幽默在文化和生活中的体现，以及我们应该如何回应这种幽默。 2 3 1 4 1．How is British humor different from others? A．It is often surprising and boring. B．It often laughs at human nature. C．It is often about the bad things in life. D．It often makes people feel depressed. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is true of British comedy. Most people think humor is... humor to complain and be negative.”可知，英式幽默通常是关于消极的不好的事情。 2 3 1 4 2．What does the underlined word “delusions” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Strong abilities.　　　　　 B．Kind gestures. C．Wrong beliefs. D．Deep doubts. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据画线词后所举的例子可知，戴维·布伦特认为每个人都喜欢他，但观众可以看出，每个人都讨厌他，故此处表示他的“错觉”。 3．Why is Shakespeare's play Twelfth Night mentioned? A．To show one of the best examples of British comedy. B．To explain how Shakespeare's comedy is different from others'. C．To show how difficult it is to make people accept British comedy. D．To prove Britain has a tradition of laughing at stupid characters. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 写作意图题。根据第三段中的“Stupid characters for the audience... whom people play tricks on.”可知，本段主要说明观众嘲笑愚蠢的人物在英国是一个古老的传统，接下来以莎士比亚的作品为例来证明这个观点。 2 3 1 4 4．How does the author advise people to react to British sarcasm? A．Learn from it. B．Not take it seriously. C．Forget about the upsetting things. D．Be careful not to make stupid mistakes. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you are ever on the receiving end of British sarcasm, you may feel like crying, but it's best to just laugh it off！”可知，对于英国人的挖苦嘲讽，一笑置之即可，不必太当真。 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了20世纪的英国著名喜剧演员威廉姆斯对艺术近乎苛刻的追求。 Kenneth Williams 1. (consider) one of the greatest British comedy actors of the twentieth century.His voice is his outstanding gift; it virtually defined him as a 2. (perform). 1．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；主语Kenneth Williams为单数，与consider之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；be considered...是固定结构，意为“被认为是”；因为本句是对人物的评价，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态。 答案：is considered 2．考查名词。冠词a修饰名词，所以填perform的名词形式；根据句意可知，他被定义为一个表演家。 答案：performer Williams would often spend weeks deciding how a character should sound and this “voice” determined his approach to each role. 3.________ even after he had chosen his “voice”，he didn't always stick to it.In the middle of 4. single performance, he would sometimes change the tone or speed of his speech, for 5. (great) comic effect.While still a beginner, he felt he should be given the freedom to do as he wished on stage and often 6. (ignore) his directors' instructions.This greatly annoyed some directors, who refused 7. (work) with him.Sometimes, he would completely ignore the script and make up his own lines during performance.Although he was proud of his ability to go “off scripts”，he became extremely angry if other actors tried to do the same, 8. (argue) that they were simply not good at it. 3．考查连词。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，并且空后没有逗号，所以用but；位于句首，首字母要大写。 答案：But 4．考查冠词。空后的performance意为“表演”，是可数名词，且空后单词发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a修饰，表示泛指，指“在一次单独表演中”。 答案：a 5．考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。 答案：greater 6．考查动词的时态和语态。根据本句中and前面的时态可知，这里在描述过去发生的事情，且所填词与空前的felt是并列谓语，所以此处要用一般过去时；又因所填词与主语he之间是主动关系，所以用主动语态。 答案：ignored 7．考查固定搭配。refuse to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“拒绝做某事”。 答案：to work 8．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作伴随状语，所填词与逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词arguing。 答案：arguing Williams loved to make his audience laugh.When performing a scene where there were few laughs, he would often make up 9.________ own jokes, 10. always entertained the audience, but sometimes also ruined the scene. 9．考查代词。one's own为固定搭配，意为“某人自己的”。 答案：his 10．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，且在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。 答案：which $$