UNIT2 Period 3 Using language-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步导学案配套课件（外研版2019）

必修 第一册 Unit 2　Exploring English Period 3　Using language 单元语法:Word formation (构词法) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 关键能力 互动探究 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 核心语法 专项突破 　　一、转化法(词性转换) 　　转化法是一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。 转化词 例词 动词→名词 walk v.行走→walk n.散步 swim v.游泳→swim n.游泳 名词→ 动词 表示物体的 book n.书→book v.预订 ship n.船→ship v.用船运输 表示人体部位的 hand n.手→hand v.递交 head n.头→head v.朝……(方向)行进 转化词 例词 名词→ 动词 表示一类人的 nurse n.护士→nurse v.护理 fool n.智力障碍者→fool v.愚弄 表示自然现象的 rain n.雨→rain v.下雨 snow n.雪→snow v.下雪 转化词 例词 形容词→动词 dry adj.干的→dry v.使变干 clean adj.干净的→clean v. 把……擦干净 形容词→名词 white adj.白色的→white n.白种人 native adj.本地的→native n.本地人 副词→动词 out adv.出来→out v.揭露 特殊转化 must aux.必须→must n.必须做的事 二、派生法(前缀和后缀) 派生法是在词根之前加前缀或在词根之后加后缀构成一个与原来单词意思相近或截然相反的单词。除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意思,不改变词性;后缀一般改变单词的词性,而不引起词义的变化。 1.前缀 前缀 含义 例词 dis- 不;否定 dissatisfy　使不满意 dishonest　不诚实的 un- 不 unable　不能够 unlucky　不幸的 undress　脱衣服 unload　卸货 做相反动作 前缀 含义 例词 in- im- ir- il- 不;非 incorrect　不正确的 impolite　不礼貌的 irresponsible　不负责任的 illegal　非法的 non- 不;非 non-existent　不存在的 non-stop　(中途)不停的 前缀 含义 例词 mis- 错误的;坏的 misunderstand　误解 misfortune　厄运 re- 重复;再 rewrite　重写 retell　复述 en- 使…… enable　使能够 enrich　使丰富 encourage　鼓励 前缀 含义 例词 super- 在……上面;超级 superstar　巨星 supermarket　超市 under- 在……之下 underground　地下的 underestimate　低估 inter- 相互;……之间 international　国际的 interact　相互作用 pre- 预先;在……之前 predict　预测 preview　预习 　　2.后缀 前缀 含义 例词 常见名 词后缀 -er/-or(从事……的人)、 -ese(某地人)、 -ess(女性)、 -ian(……的人)、 -ist(专业人员)、 -ism(主义)、 -ment(性质;状态)、 -ness(性质)、 -tion/-ation(动作;过程)、 -dom(状态;区域) teacher　教师 Japanese　日本人 waitress　女服务员 musician　音乐家 artist　艺术家 optimism　乐观主义 movement　运动 darkness　黑暗 invention　发明 freedom　自由 前缀 含义 例词 常见动 词后缀 -en(多用于形容词后)、 -fy(使……化)、 -ize(使……成为) widen　加宽 beautify　美化 realize　意识到 前缀 含义 例词 常见形容 词后缀 -al、-able、-en、 -ful、-ive、 -less、-ly、-y、 -ous、-some、 -ed national　民族的 reasonable　合理的 golden　金的 careful　细心的 active　有活力的 careless　粗心大意的 friendly　友好的 lucky　幸运的 dangerous　危险的 troublesome　令人烦恼的 experienced　有阅历的 前缀 含义 例词 常见副 词后缀 -ly(用于形容词后, 表示方式或程度)、 -ward(s)(表示方向) quickly　迅速地 angrily　生气地 northward(s)　朝北 upward(s)　向上 常见数词 后缀 -teen、-th、-ty thirteen　十三 fourth　第四 twenty　二十 　　三、合成法 　　合成词是由两个或更多的词合成的词。最常见的合成词为合成名词、合成形容词,还有合成副词、合成动词、合成代词等。合成词一般直接连写在一起,也有的合成词之间用连字符“-”,还有的由分开的两个词构成。 分类 方法 例词 合成名词 名词+名词 bookmark　书签 wheelchair　轮椅 名词+动词-ing handwriting　书法 名词+动词+-er painkiller 　止痛药 storyteller　讲故事的人 动词+名词 typewriter　打字机 workshop　研讨会,车间 分类 方法 例词 合成名词 形容词+名词 gentleman　绅士 greenhouse　温室 名词+动词 handshake　握手 sunset　日落 介词+名词 overweight　超重 by-product　副产品 副词+动词 income　收入 output　产量,输出 动词+副词 cleanup　打扫 closedown　停业 分类 方法 例词 合成形容词 名词+形容词 lifelong　终身的,毕生的 snow-white　雪白的 名词+动词-ing heartbreaking　令人心碎的 breathtaking　激动人心的 名词+动词-ed man-made　人造的 heartbroken　悲伤的 分类 方法 例词 合成形容词 形容词+ 动词-ing good-looking　相貌好看的 easy-going　性格随和的 形容词+动 词-ed strong-minded　意志坚强的 electric-powered　电动的 副词+动词-ed well-educated　受过良好教育的 newly-made　新建的 副词+动词-ing hard-working　勤劳的 介词+名词/动词-ing underlying　含蓄的, 潜在的 动词-ed+副词 built-in　内置的,固有的 分类 方法 例词 合成动词 形容词+动词 broadcast 　广播 whitewash　粉刷 副词/介词+动词 overcome　战胜 overthrow　推翻 分类 方法 例词 合成副词 形容词+名词 hotfoot　匆忙地 anyway　无论如何 形容词+副词 everywhere　到处 somehow　不知何故 副词+副词 however　无论如何 whenever　不论何时 介词+副词 forever　永远 介词+名词 beforehand　预先 downstairs 　在楼下 分类 方法 例词 合成介词 副词+名词 inside　在……里 outside　在……外 介词+副词 throughout 　遍及 within　在……之内 副词+介词 into　到……里 分类 方法 例词 合成代词 代词宾格+self herself　她自己 himself　他自己 物主代词+self myself 　我自己 yourself　你自己 形容词+名词 anything　任何东西 everything　一切东西 温馨提示:(1)由“可数名词+介词(+名词)”构成的合成名词变复数时,只把前面的名词变复数。 *father-in-law→fathers-in-law *passer-by→passers-by *looker-on→lookers-on (2)由“man”和“woman”构成的合成名词变复数时,两个名词都要变复数。 *a woman teacher→women teachers *a man doctor→men doctors (3)由“名词+名词”构成的合成名词变复数时,只变化中心名词,而修饰名词不变。 *a girlfriend→girlfriends 四、缩略法 缩略法是把词的音节加以省略或简化构成的缩略词。 分类 例词 首字母缩略法 IT—Information Technology VIP—Very Important Person 截头法 aeroplane/airplane—plane 去尾法 examination—exam photograph—photo 截头去尾法 prescription—script 关键能力 互动探究 词汇精研 1.come across 偶然发现,偶然遇到;被理解 [教材原文] When you open a dictionary,you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. 当你打开一本词典时,你经常会碰到许多不熟悉的词。 come about 发生 come up 走近;(困难或问题)出现;被提及 come out 出版;出现 come up with 赶上;提出,想出(主意、解决方法、计划等) come true 实现 [即学即练]——用come短语完成句子 (1)She ________________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.  (2)Since the famous writer won the Nobel Prize in 2023,his fans have been eagerly waiting for his more new novels to ____________.  (3)(译林选必2U1)We usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory (矛盾的) information.How do these differences ____________?  (4)A number of questions __________ at the meeting,but the leaders could not _____________ proper answers to them.  came across come out come about came up come up with [教材原文] a friend that you contact by writing,traditionally using a pen 通过写信(传统上用钢笔)来联系的一位朋友 2.contact vt.联系,联络 n.联系,接触 (1)get in/make contact with... 与……取得联系(动作) keep in contact with... 与……保持联系(状态) lose contact with... 与……失去联系(动作) (2)be in contact with... 与……联系(状态) be out of contact with... 与……失去联系(状态) [即学即练]——补全句子 (1)Phones make it more convenient for people to ________________ (取得联系) relatives and friends.  (2)I ___________________________________________ (保持联系) my best friend by telephone for many years.  make contact with have kept in contact with/have been in contact with (3)I ________________ (失去联系) my close friend ten years ago, that is,we ___________________________ (失去联系) each other for 10 years.  温馨提示:keep in contact with和be in/out of contact with表示状态,可和时间段连用;而get in/make/lose contact with表示动作,不能和时间段连用。 lost contact with have been out of contact with 3.likely adj.可能的,可能发生的 (1)sb./sth.be likely to do... 某人/某物可能会…… It is likely that... 很可能…… (2)unlikely adj.不可能的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)(译林必修2U2)These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine.Above all,choose activities you enjoy because,in this way, you’re more likely _________ (stick) with them.  (2)(北师必修3U9)Even when an idea sounds entirely _________ (likely),there may be an aspect (方面) of it that is based on truth. 如果你能找到合适的学习方法,学习效率就很可能会提高。 to stick unlikely (3)If you can find suitable learning methods,your learning efficiency _____________________.  (4)If you can find suitable learning methods,__________________ _____________________________.(应用文写作之建议信)  is more likely to improve it is likely that your learning efficiency will improve 4.addition n.增加物,添加物;此外,除此之外 [教材原文] Each year,many additions are made to English dictionaries. 每年,英语词典都会增加许多词条。 (1)in addition(=as well/besides)是副词短语,常放在句首,也可放在句中、句尾。 in addition to(=as well as/besides/apart from)是介词短语,意为“除……之外”,后接名词或动名词。 (2)additional adj.额外的,附加的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/词汇升级 (1)Exercising in the morning provides _________ (addition) benefits besides being physically healthy. (2) _______________ (除了) ensuring your physical health,morning exercise helps to improve your mental health.  additional In addition to (3)This garden has the best collection of native plants,and it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas. →This garden has the best collection of native plants; ___________ _________,it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.  in addition/ besides 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.写出下列句中画线词的词性及汉语意思 1.The room isn’t clean and it needs a good clean.It is better to clean it every day.___________________________ 2.The doctor advised her to take more exercise.So,to keep fit,she exercises twice a day._________________________ 3.I have a balanced diet and I don’t have to diet to lose weight. ______________________ adj.干净的;n.打扫;v.打扫 n.运动;vi.运动,锻炼(身体) n.日常饮食;vi.节食 4.He has tried his best to receive a better education in an attempt to better himself.__________________ 5.Children tend to sleepwalk more when they are overly tired or stressed.__________   adj.更好的;v.上进  vi.梦游 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.After Susan came back from Italy,she was happy to see the _____________(improve) in her son’s behavior.  2.Martin was very _________ (help); we couldn’t have finished the work on time without him. 3.Mr.Lee said that the smiles and _________ (happy) of the children gave him great courage every day. improvement helpful happiness 4.The information you gave us was _________ (correct),so we didn’t find the museum and got lost on the way. 5.I am not saying you did badly in the English exam,but _________ (honest) you could do better.  6.On a _________ (storm) night,his son was missing on the way back home,which made his family worried. 7.Do you honestly know what all those _________ (addition) features are for anyway? incorrect honestly stormy additional 8.Her flight to Paris was put off due to bad weather,so it’s very _________ (likely) that she’ll arrive there on time.  9.There might be some words _________ (familiar) to you in this report,so you’d better look them up in the dictionary.  10.She is the leader of an international ____________ (organize) whose aim is to protect natural resources. unlikely unfamiliar organization 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Tom was _________ (happy) because his father didn’t intend him to take part in the singing competition. 2.A student should read as many books as he can,which helps _________ (broad) his horizons and _________ (rich) his mind. 3.Electricity is _________ (visible),but it can be changed into energy that we can see,hear or feel. unhappy broaden enrich invisible 4.This is a new programme to _________ (able) older people to study at college after their retirement. 5.It is hoped that _________ (nature) resources will be found on Mars in the near future. 6.We hope these lovely children grow happily and _________ (health) every day. 7.Many accidents are caused by some drivers’ __________ (careless) and irresponsible _________ (behave) on the road. enable natural healthily carelessness behavior 8.After a long _________ (discuss) with her father,she decided not to take the job. 9.Some of the world’s most famous _________ (music) recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. 10.Edison was a great _________.During his life he had many ___________.(invent) discussion musicians inventor inventions Ⅱ.阅读下面短文,分析并说出画线部分的构词法 Last 1.weekend,I was traveling home from business.It was too late,so I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stop.At the entrance to the hotel,I met a man who was 2.disabled,and I made up my mind to offer him some help.He spoke to me and explained his past life when he was 3.healthy.He had worked in a car factory for five years. 答案:1. _________　2. _________　3. _________　 合成法 派生法 派生法 Then an accident left him disabled.While listening to his story,I realized that he had 4.experienced a lot in his life.I told him that although he was 5.physically disabled,his heart was strong,and he could always depend on it.I offered him some money to buy food and 6.drinks and then he went home.I have learnt that if you say a few good words and offer a little help to others,it will not only bring 7.happiness to you,but it will also be in other people’s hearts forever. 答案:4. _________　5. _________　6. _________　7. _________ 转化法 派生法 转化法 派生法 Ⅲ.语法语篇运用 　　Thanks to the 1. __________ (develop) of technology,our life has been influenced in almost every aspect. In the future,our cars,which are very 2. ________(help)to people’s travel,will be controlled by not 3._________ (drive) but robots. In this way,traffic accidents will 4._________ (appear). To make up for the 5. _________ (short) of labor,many countries are developing robot industry.Because of its high 6._________ (efficient),the application of robots has been development helpful drivers disappear shortage efficiency 7. _________ (wide)recognized.It seems inevitable that robots will have the 8. _________ (able) to do more and more jobs that are currently performed by humans. Some experts fear that hundreds of thousands of jobs could be out of 9. _________ (exist) as robots replace human workers,which is rather 10. _________ (worry). widely ability existence worrying Ⅳ.阅读理解 Foreign visitors to the UK might be disappointed when they learn that not everyone there speaks like Harry Potter and his friends. Usually,there’s an assumption by many non-Brits that everyone in Britain speaks with what’s known as a Received Pronunciation (RP,标准发音) accent,also called “the Queen’s English”.However,while many people do talk in this way,most Britons speak in their own regional accents. Scouse,Glaswegian and Black Country—from Liverpool, Glasgow and the West Midlands—are just three of the countless non-RP accents that British people speak with.There are even differences in accents between towns or cities just 30 kilometers apart.What is even more disappointing is that not speaking in an RP accent may mean a British person is judged and even treated differently in their everyday life. In a study by The University of South Wales,videos of people reading a passage in three different UK accents were shown to a second group of people.The group then rated how intelligent they thought the readers sounded.The lowest-rated accent was Brummie, native to people from Birmingham,a city whose accent is considered working class. However,there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking in an RP accent.In fact,doing the opposite may even give you strength.  Kong Seong-jae,25,is an Internet celebrity from Seoul.After studying in the UK,he picked up several regional accents.He’s now famous for his online videos,where he shows off the various accents he’s learned.“British people usually get really excited when I use some of their local dialect words,and they become much friendlier.I think it makes a bit of bond between local people and foreigners to speak in their local accent,” he said. 　　So if you’re working on perfecting your British accent,try to speak like someone from Liverpool,Glasgow or Birmingham.You may not sound like Harry Potter,but you are likely to make more friends. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍英国标准音之外的一些方言的使用情况,向读者提供了一个与众不同的建议,即学习英国的一些地方方言,这样可能会交到更多的朋友。 2 3 1 4 1.What can we infer from paragraph 1? A.Non-Brits usually hold that all Britons speak in an RP accent. B.Only “the Queen’s English” is accepted in the UK. C.Foreign visitors are disappointed at their own spoken English. D.Any Received Pronunciation around the world is also called “the Queen’s English”. 答案:A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Usually,there’s an assumption...also called ‘the Queen’s English’.”可推知,非英国人通常认为,所有的英国人都用标准发音。 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 2.What do people think of the Brummie accent? A.Favored by foreign visitors to the UK. B.Closest to the RP accent. C.Smart and easy to understand. D.Spoken by people of lower class. 答案:D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,人们认为下层社会的人使用伯明翰口音。 2 3 1 4 3.What does the underlined phrase “doing the opposite” in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Speaking in an RP accent. B.Speaking in regional accents. C.Speaking with the Brummie accent. D.Speaking like Harry Potter. 答案:B 词义猜测题。根据上文“However,there is no need...an RP accent.”及下文的举例可知,说话带有口音是有好处的。由此可推知,画线短语的意思是“说话带有地方口音”。 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 4.What is the text mainly about? A.A study about the most intelligent accent in Britain. B.A comparison between different British accents. C.How much British people value the RP accent. D.The impact of regional accents on people’s lives. 答案:D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章通过介绍英国标准音之外的一些方言的使用情况,来说明地方口音对人们生活的影响。 Ⅴ.语法填空 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习一门外语需要注意的问题。 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly,four 1._________ (thing) are necessary.Firstly,we must understand the language when we hear 2._________ spoken.Secondly,we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation.3._________ (third),we must be able to read the language,and fourthly,we must be able to write it.We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There 4._________ (be) no easy way to succeed in language learning. A good memory is of great help,but it is not enough only 5._________ (memorize) rules from a grammar book.It is no much use learning by heart long list of words and 6._________ (they) meanings,studying the dictionary and so on.We must learn by using the language.7._________ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized,we are not really learning the language.“Learn through use” is a good piece of 8._________ (advise) for those who are studying 9._________ new language.Practice is important.We must practice speaking and 10._________ (write) the language whenever we can.  1.答案:things 考查名词的单复数。句意: 为了彻底了解一门外语, 四件事是必需的。thing为可数名词, 此处被基数词four所修饰,应用其复数形式。故填things。 2.答案:it 考查代词。句意: 首先, 当我们听见有人说这门语言时我们必须理解它。此处指代the language,故填it。 3.答案:Thirdly 考查词性转换。句意:第三, 我们必须能读这门语言。此处表示顺序, 根据上文中的Firstly、Secondly和下文中的fourthly可知,此处应用Thirdly。故填Thirdly。 4.答案:is 考查there be结构。根据句中的way可知,此处为单数形式,故填is。 5.答案:to memorize 考查非谓语动词。句意:好的记忆力很有帮助,但是仅仅背语法书上的规则是不够的。分析句子结构可知,句中的it是形式主语,应用动词不定式短语作真正的主语。故填to memorize。 6.答案:their 考查代词。句意:背单词和它们的意思用处不大。此处修饰名词meanings,应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 7.答案:If 考查状语从句。句意:如果我们仅仅满足于背过的几条规则, 那么我们不是在真正地学习语言。根据句意和分析句子结构可知,此处表示条件, 故用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。 8.答案:advice 考查词性转换。句意:“在使用中学习”对学习一门新语言的人们来说是一条很好的建议。介词of后需用名词形式。故填advice。 9.答案:a 考查冠词。句意同上。此处表示数量“一”的概念, 且new的第一个发音音素是辅音, 因此用不定冠词a。故填a。 10.答案:writing 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们必须尽可能地多练习说、写这门语言。此处与speaking并列, practice doing sth.为固定用法,意为“练习做某事”,故填writing。 $$