第六节 第三课时 定语从句-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步导学案配套课件（外研版2019）

必修 第一册 初升高衔接 1 第六节　常见的三大从句 第三课时　定语从句 2 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 初高衔接 知识梳理 课堂检测 素养达标 3 初高衔接 知识梳理 4 定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词、词组或代词叫作先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词:who、whom、whose、that、which、as。 关系副词:when、where、why。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可作定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词作宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称和数上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who、whom、that 这些词代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday.(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2.whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。如: Please pass me the book whose cover/of which the cover is green. 3.which、that 它们所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如: An air of prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.(which/that在从句中作主语) The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.(which/that在从句中作宾语) 注意:关系代词that和which 都可以指物,that 和who 都可以指人,其用法区别: (1)不用that的情况 ①在引导非限制性定语从句时 The tree,which is four hundred years old,is very famous here. ②直接在介词后作宾语时 We depend on the land from which we get our food. ③下列情况多用who a.关系代词指人且在从句中作主语 A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend. b.先行词为those,people 时 Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth. c.先行词为all、anyone、ones、one(指人时) One who doesn’t work hard will never succeed in his work. d.在there be句型中 There is a stranger who wants to see you. e.在被分隔的定语从句中 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. (2)只能用that的情况 ①在不定代词,如anything、nothing、everything、all、much、few、any、little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. ②先行词被the only、the very、the just等修饰时,只用that。 He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water. ③先行词被序数词(含the last)或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。 The first English book that I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain. ④先行词既有人,又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited. ⑤当主句是以who 或which 开头的特殊疑问句时,用that 以避免 重复。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? ⑥关系代词在从句中作表语时。 He is not the man that he used to be. 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点、方式或原因的名词,在从句中作状语。 关系副词when、where、why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构,因此常常可以和“介词+which”结构替换使用。如: There are occasions when/on which one must yield. Beijing is the place where/in which I was born. Is this the reason why/for which he refused our offer? 注意:含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开,介词仍放在动词后面。 三、“名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 She has written a book,the name of which I have forgotten. There are fifty-five students in our class,all of whom are working hard. There are seven continents in the world,the largest of which is Asia. 课堂检测 素养达标 16 完成句子 1.你想见的老师就要来了。 The teacher ________________________________ is coming.  2.这是一件将要做给你的外套。 Here is the coat _______________________________.  3.这正是我一直在寻找的那本书。 This is the very book ______________________.  (who/whom/that) you want to see which/that will be made for you that I am looking for 4.他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。 He will tell you everything _______________________.  5.我碰到一个人,他说认识你。 I met someone __________________________.  that he heard about it who said he knew you $$