UNIT1 Period 3 Discover useful structures-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案配套课件（人教版2019）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1　PEOPLE　OF ACHIEVEMENT Period 3　Discover useful structures 单元语法：Non-restrictive relative clauses (非限制性定语从句) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] 诵读下列例句并感知加黑部分的共性 (1)[教材原文]This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner)，whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. (2)[教材原文]In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. (3)[教材原文]From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. (4)[教材原文]Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. (5)[教材原文]This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 1．第(3)句为__________定语从句，中间不用逗号隔开。 2．第(1)(2)(4)(5)句为__________定语从句，中间用逗号隔开。 限制性 非限制性 [知识精要] 一、非限制性定语从句的特点 The Chinese knot，which is a pretty decoration popular with Chinese，is usually hung in the sitting room of our home. 中国结通常挂在我们家的客厅，它是一种受中国人欢迎的漂亮的装饰品。 Soon we were busy preparing dinner for our unexpected guests，who just wanted to stay warm on a cold day. 很快我们就忙着为我们的不速之客准备晚饭，他们只是想在寒冷的日子里取暖。 Last week，we took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture，which turned out to be extremely rewarding. 上周，我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化，结果证明非常有意义。 总结： 二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 This is our headmaster，who I think has something crucial to tell you. 这是我们的校长，我认为他有非常重要的事情要告诉你。 Peter，whom you met in Beijing，is now back in his motherland. 彼得现在回他的祖国了，你在北京见过他。 My elder sister has become a doctor，which I wanted to be. 我姐姐成了一名医生，我原来也想做一名医生的。 Mary couldn't come to our party，which was a pity. 玛丽不能来参加我们的聚会，这真遗憾。 Mr.White，whose son went to Tsinghua University last year，retired yesterday. 怀特先生昨天退休了，他儿子去年上了清华大学。 Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977. 卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。 He fled his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old. 他于1992年逃离家乡，当时他只有12岁。 总结： 关系词 所指 所作成分 关系代词 who 指人 主语、宾语 whom 指人 宾语(不能省略，不能用who替代) which 指代名词、代词、整个主句或主句的一部分 主语、宾语等 whose 指人或指物 定语 关系词 所指 所作成分 关系副词 where 通常是地点名词 地点状语 when 时间名词 时间状语 三、as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 As we all know，he studies very hard. 我们都知道他学习很用功。 The student，as was expected，achieved a great success. 正如所期盼的，这名学生取得了巨大的成功。 He is late for class again，as is often the case. 他上课又迟到了，情况经常如此。 I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house) 我想买这座房子，它带有一个花园。 He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which指代整个主句的内容) 他开会迟到了，主席为此非常生气。 总结： － as which 指代 只能指代整个句子的内容 既可指代名词或代词，又可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分 位置 所引导的定语从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 所引导的定语从句只能位于主句之中或之后 意义 正如，正像 这一点，这件事 [特别提醒]　as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构： as we all know/as is known to all众所周知，as is often the case 情况常常如此，as is hoped正如所希望的那样，as was expected/as we had expected正如所预料的那样，as has been stated above如上所述，as is mentioned正如所提及的。 四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from America. 我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。 The foreign teacher who/that comes from America teaches us literature. 从美国来的那位外教教我们文学。 This is the man，whom we talked about just now. 这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。 This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about. 这就是我们正谈论的那个人。 When you reached the village，you would first find a house whose windows were made of wood. 当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一所有着木窗的房子。 They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area，where they also did some climbing. 他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们也做了一些爬山运动。 总结： － 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 意义 起限定作用，修饰特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整 仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整 结构要求 从句与先行词之间不加逗号 从句与先行词之间加逗号 － 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 功能 修饰先行词 修饰先行词或整个主句 引导词 所有的关系代词和关系副词 关系代词和关系副词，但是关系代词that和关系副词why除外 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空 1．Many young people, most of ____________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 2．We have launched another man-made satellite, ____________ is announced in today's newspaper. 3．Happiness and success often come to those ____________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. whom which who 4．There is no simple answer, ____________ is often the case in science. 5．That evening, ____________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 6．The boy was badly ill，____________ worried his parents very much. as which which 7．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. 8．Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ____________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. who who Ⅱ.句型转换 1．It is known to us that water is necessary to support life. →________________， water is necessary to support life. 2．This is the room which my grandmother used to live in. →This is the room ____________________________________． As is known to us where my grandmother used to live 3．He has four good friends, of whom Tom is the tallest. →He has four good friends, ____________________is Tom. the tallest of whom 4．Our village is no longer what it was 30 years ago. →Our village is no longer _______________________30 years ago. 5．The old man has two daughters, and both of them work as doctors. →The old man has two daughters, ________________ work as doctors. the village that it was both of whom Ⅲ.语段填空 我倒在地上，躺在血泊中。同时，离我们不远的两名警察听到了我们的尖叫声。他们冲到我们所在的地方。一看到所发生的事以及还在我身后漂浮在水中的鳄鱼，其中一个人朝空中开了一枪。正如所期望的，鳄鱼被吓跑了。然后，我失去了知觉，这让两名警察急忙把我送到了医院。 I fell onto the ground，lying in a pool of blood.Meanwhile，our screams were heard by two policemen 1.____________________ __________．They dashed over to the place 2.________________． On seeing what happened and the crocodile，3.__________________ ____________________________，one of them fired a shot in the air.4.________________________，the crocodile was frightened away.Then I was unconscious，5. ____________________________ _______________________． who were not far away from us where we were which was still floating in the water behind me As was/had been expected which made the two policemen rush me to hospital 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句写作 1．我们都知道，定期散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。 __________________________________________________________ 2．这是她第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。 ________________________________________________________________________ As we all know，walking regularly does a lot of good to our health. It is the third time that she has won the race，which has surprised us all. 3．金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往了医院。 __________________________________________________________4．汤姆是一位著名导演，已经创作了很多优秀影片。 __________________________________________________________5．他是一个有着丰富经验的人，从他那里我们能学到很多。 __________________________________________________________ Mr. King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly sent to hospital. Tom，who is a famous director，has produced a lot of excellent films. He is a man of rich experience，from whom we can learn much. Ⅱ.完形填空 Louis Tewanima seemed born to run.Like other Hopi people in the late 19th century, Louis ran for his mental and 1 well-being. In 1907, Louis 2 himself riding on one of the locomotives (火车头) that had amazed him as a boy.With no knowledge of the English language, he 3 east to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania. The 4 in Pennsylvania was much colder than what Louis was used to.He missed his family and his way of life.He turned to something 5 ， running.He'd seen the school's track team practice, so he 6 the coach, Glenn S．“Pop” Warner, and asked if he could run for him. After watching Louis run, Warner 7 realized Louis had talent.Warner coached him on 8 his stamina (耐力) and strength to track and field.It wasn't long before medals and 9 filled Louis's room at the Carlisle school, and he 10 a celebrity (名人) in distance running in America.Even when he was 11 difficulties, Louis prevailed (战胜).He once missed his train to a 12 in Harrisburg.Instead of calling it a loss, he ran 18 miles to the event， 13 on time.He proceeded to compete in the two-mile race, and he 14 first! In 1908, Louis entered his first Olympic, and placed ninth in the marathon.Four years later, he 15 in the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden.This time, he ran the 10，000-metre race and finished in second place. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1912年夏季奥运会万米赛的银牌获得者Louis Tewanima的励志故事。 2 3 1 4 1．A.social　　　　　　　　 B．spiritual C．physical D．economic 答案：C 由上文“Louis ran for his mental and”和下文“well-being”可知，此处指精神和身体上的健康。A.social社交的；B.spiritual精神上的；C.physical身体上的；D.economic经济的。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.found B．caught C．employed D．occupied 答案：A 由下文“himself riding on one of the locomotives”可知，他发现自己坐在一辆一直让自己惊叹不已的火车上，find sb.doing sth.意为“发现某人在做某事”。A.found发现；B.caught捉住；C.employed雇用；D.occupied占用。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.walked B．headed C．drove D．rode 答案：B 由下文“east to the CarlisleIndian Industrial School in Pennsylvania.”可知，他向东去了宾夕法尼亚州的卡莱尔印第安工业学校，head east意为“向东走”。A.walked走路；B.headed前往；C.drove开车；D.rode骑行。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.water B．school C．house D．weather 答案：D 由下文“in Pennsylvania was much colder than what Louis was used to”可知，此处指天气冷。A.water水；B.school学校；C.house房子；D.weather天气。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.practical B．slow C．doubtful D．familiar 答案：D 由本文第一段第一句“Louis Tewanima seemed born to run.”可知，路易斯似乎天生就是跑步的料，所以他对跑步很熟悉，something familiar意为“熟悉的事情”。A.practical实用的；B.slow慢的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.familiar熟悉的。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.investigated B．criticized C．approached D．blamed 答案：C 由下文“asked if he could run for him”可知，路易斯找到教练，与他交谈。A.investigated调查；B.criticized批评；C.approached接近，接洽，与……交谈；D.blamed责备。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.rarely B．immediately C．eventually D．seriously 答案：B 由上文“After watching Louis run”和下文“realized Louis had talent”可知，华纳立即意识到路易斯是有天赋的。A.rarely稀有地；B.immediately立即；C.eventually最后；D.seriously认真地。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.applying B．directing C．delivering D．switching 答案：A 由下文“his stamina and strength to track and field”可知，此处指把他的耐力和力量运用到田径上，apply...to...为固定搭配，意为“把……应用于……”。A.applying应用；B.directing指导；C.delivering运送；D.switching转换。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.tricks B．prizes C．ideas D．smiles 答案：B 由上文“It wasn't long before medals”可知，奖牌和奖品已经装满了路易斯的房间。A.tricks诡计；B.prizes奖品；C.ideas主意；D.smiles微笑。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.interviewed B．became C．inferred D．defeated 答案：B 由下文“in distance running in America”可知，路易斯成为美国长跑项目的名人。A.interviewed采访；B.became变成；C.inferred推断；D.defeated打败。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.faced with B．satisfied with C．broken into D．filled with 答案：A 由下文“difficulties”可知，此处指面临困难。A.faced with面对；B.satisfied with对……满意；C.broken into闯入；D.filled with填满。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.station B．race C．meeting D．lesson 答案：B 由下文“He proceeded to compete in the two-mile race”可知，他去参加比赛，race是原词复现。A.station车站；B.race比赛；C.meeting会议；D.lesson课。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.coming B．working C．starting D．arriving 答案：D 由上文“Instead of calling it a loss, he ran 18 miles to the event”可知，他跑了18公里准时到达比赛现场来参加比赛，arrive on time意为“准时到达”。A.coming来；B.working工作；C.starting开始；D.arriving到达。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.adjusted B．finished C．ran D．explained 答案：B 由下文“first”可知，他第一个完成比赛，获得冠军，“he finished first”意为“他第一个冲到终点”。A.adjusted调整；B.finished结束；C.ran跑步；D.explained解释。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.competed B．volunteered C．stood D．continued 答案：A 由下文“in the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden”可知，他参加了这次夏季奥运会，compete in为固定搭配，意为“参加比赛”。A.competed竞争；B.volunteered自愿做；C.stood站立；D.continued继续。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一位中国的科学家利用中国北方温棚原理帮助改进加拿大的温室技术，从而节约了能源和取暖费用。 A Chinese scientist, who 1. (call) Dong Jianyi, has helped Canadian greenhouse technology move forward, curiously by moving backward. 1．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处缺少从句的谓语部分，动词call与主语who指代的scientist之间是被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时，因而需用一般现在时的被动语态，系动词用第三人称单数形式is。 答案：is called He uses only materials and the laws of thermodynamics (热力学) 2. (plant) vegetables even in winter, without 3. (waste) a single watt.His Fresh Pal Farms is believed to be the largest “passive greenhouse” in Canada. 2．考查非谓语动词。短语use sth.to do sth.表示“用……去做……”，因而设空处需填入不定式。 答案：to plant 3．考查非谓语动词。without为介词，后面需接动名词形式作宾语。 答案：wasting Growing vegetables in China's cold north needs special 4.________ (method), and passive greenhouses that don't use electricity are 5.______ (common) seen in that part of the country. 4．考查名词单复数。method为可数名词，此处表示复数，故用复数形式。 答案：methods 5．考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词seen，应用副词形式。 答案：commonly His 300-foot long, 30-foot wide greenhouse is constructed out of a steel frame with two plastic roofs.6. electric motor allows operators to deal with a special blanket to trap heat 7. (absorb) during the day.8. this way, the 10，000-square-foot inner space can be kept at 28 ℃ compared to outside December temperatures of around －7 ℃. 6．考查冠词或数词。根据语境判断，此处是第一次出现的名词electric motor，应该用不定冠词表示泛指，因为electric的发音以元音音素开头，因而用an，也可用数词one表示“一个”，位于句首，首字母需大写。 答案：An/One 7．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是allows，设空处需填入非谓语形式作heat的后置定语，heat和动词absorb之间是被动关系，因而需填过去分词形式。 答案：absorbed 8．考查介词。短语in this way表示“用这种方法；这样”，句中缺少介词in，位于句首，首字母应大写。 答案：In On the north side lies a 24-inch thick clay wall, 9. catches light more easily from a south-lying sun.At night the clay radiates heat into space, further ensuring the plants can survive winter temperatures that can fall to －35 ℃. 9．考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为wall，指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。 答案：which Last year Dong 10. (grow) 29，000 pounds of tomatoes alone while saving $30，000 in energy and heating costs. 10．考查动词的时态。设空处缺少句子的谓语动词，根据“Last year”可知，空处应用一般过去时，动词grow的过去式是grew。 答案：grew $$