宾语从句精讲讲义-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

宾语从句 在复合句中，宾语为句子的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语气。 从属连词 不充当成分 That(在句首不能省略) Whether，if(if不能放在句首) 连接代词 在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语 Who，whoever，whom，what，whatever，whose，which 连接副词 在句子中作状语 When，where，why，how…… 找出宾语从句 1. 找谓语，谓语后的句子就是宾语从句 2. It 作形式宾语，从句是句子真正的宾语即宾语 1. That引导的宾语从句，that在句子中不作成分，无意义，从句大多为陈述句。（在口语和非正式文体之前可省略） 用于这种结构的动词：say ,think ,insist ,wish ,hope , demand ,imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree...形容词:sure, glad, pleased, sure, certain, happy, sorry.... We believe(that)he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。 We know(that) we should study hard.我们知道我们应该努力学习。 That不能省略的情况 1 主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时或其他成分 I hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 2 宾语从问是双宾语中的直接宾语时 He told me that he would come. 3 有多个并列宾语从问时,第一个可省that,后面的不能省He said (that)the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. 4 宾语从问的主语是this、that或被this、that修饰时 The teacher said that that word was wrong. 5 it作形式宾语，从句为真正宾语时 I think it necessary that he should stay here 6 except , but等介词后的宾语从句，that不能省 2. whether/if引导的并与从句，从句为一般疑问句，在句子中不作成分，不可省略，意为是否。(if和whether引导动词后的并与从句课正常使用，if是口语，whether是书面及正式场合) 用于这种结构的动词：know, ask, care, wonder... I asked him if/whether he was busy.我问他忙不忙 只能用whether的情况 1 在动词不定式前 I can't decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。 2 介词后的宾语从句 I'm thinking of whether we should go shopping. 我在想我们是否该去购物。 3 宾语从句提前时，即置于分首表强调时 Whether he lives there , l want to know.我想知道他是否住在那里 4 与or not直接连用时（whether和or not分开时，可与if连用）discuss, leave, put, doubt后面的宾语从句常用whether I can't say whether or not he will come on time. I don't know whether/if he will come or not. 3. 连接代词what/who/whose/which/whom引导宾语从句，引导的从句用陈述句语序，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等成分，不能省略。 I don't know who she is.我不知道她是谁 Did you hear what he said? 你听到他说什么了吗? 4. 连接副词when, where, how , why及“how+形容词/副词引导的宾语从句，引导的从句为陈述句语序，在从句中作状语等，不能省略 I don't know when she will come.我不知道她什么时候回来。 Can you tell me how l get to the subway station.你能告诉怎样去地铁站吗? Do you know how much it costs ? 你知道它多少钱吗? 5. 宾语从句的时态 1 主句为现在时或将来时态，从句可根据需要为任意时态 I know that he will come tomorrow.我知道他明天将会来 (主问为一般现在时，从句可为一般将来时) I know(that)he loves English.我知道他喜欢英语。 （主向为一般现在时，从句可为一般现在时） I will tell her that l have left.我会告诉她我已经离开了 （主句为一般将来时，从句可为现在完成时，） Will you tell me who has been dating Lucy ? 请告诉我谁在跟露西约会,好吗? （主句为一般将来时，从句为现在完成进行时） 2 主句为过去时态，从句为相应的过去时态 He didn't tell us he came from Beijing. （表示动作同时发生） He decided that he would go to Beijing next week （表示动作发生在主句之后） 3 从句为客观事实或真理,仍用一般现在时,不受主句时态影响The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. He said that spring comes before summer. 4 主句为could you tell me,从句时态不限制 Could you tell me where he is from ? 你能告诉我他来自哪吗 6. 宾语从句的否定前移 当主句主语是第一人称，主句谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect , imagine等，后接一个表示否定意义的实语从时，其否定通常要转移到主刀。在反意疑问句中，这种否定前移的复合向在进行反意疑问时，助动词和相应代词要与从句一致，且要用肯定形式。 I don't believe that it is true.我相信那不是真的 I don't imagine that he will come.我想他不会来的。 I don't think that they'll wait to the last minute. I don't think he is true , is he?我认为他是不对的，是吗? I don't believe it will rain tomorrow, will it? 我相信明天不会下雨，是吧? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$