精品解析：广东省云浮市2023--2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

云浮市2023—2024学年第二学期高中教学质量检测 高一英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 听力理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5 秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C 选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 1: What is the woman’s nationality? A. American. B. British. C. Russian. Question 2: Where did the man go last week? A. To the Amazon. B. To Lake Teletskoye. C. To Vasyugan Swamp. Question 3: What does the woman think of the man? A. Intelligent. B. Brave. C. Interesting. 听第2段材料，回答第4至 6题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 4: Who invited the man to the party? A. His cousin. B. The woman. C. His classmate. Question 5: How does the music sound to the woman? A. Boring. B. Beautiful. C. Noisy. Question 6: What will the speakers do next? A. Leave the party. B. Go rock climbing. C. Go on chatting. 听第3段材料，回答第7至10题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 7: What do we know about the woman’s father? A. He felt lonely. B. He got sick. C. He fell over. Question 8: What is the woman’s attitude to sending her father to a nursing home? A. Supportive. B. Unsure. C. Disapproving. Question 9: How old is the man’s mother? A.60 years old. B.57 years old. C.54 years old. Question 10: Why did the man’s mother go to the nursing home? A. To make friends. B. To enjoy professional services. C To live in a pleasant environment. 第二节 回答问题(共5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面一段短文，然后回答问题。短文和问题读两遍。 Question 11: Answer: The speed limit ________ how fast a car may go. Question 12: Answer: ________ miles an hour. Question 13: Answer: They tell the drivers ________ they must pay. Question 14: Answer: He can’t ________ for some time. Question 15: Answer: Because they can’t drive ________. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When you’re travelling to a new place, often one of the main things you’re looking for is a really brilliant museum or gallery. Here are some museums worth visiting. Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum, Xi’an Can you imagine how unbelievable it must have felt to uncover the terracotta warriors for the first time? No, of course you can’t, but we’re guessing it must have felt pretty good. The people who found it were farmers in Xi’an in 1974. Gathered around the tomb of China’s first emperor, the 8,000 warriors and their horses are a grand sight. State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg It is said that if you look at every object in the State Hermitage Museum for one minute each, it would take 11 years to see everything. That’s quite for sure. But it’s certainly that you just hang around its galleries for a day or two. Highlights include an over 200-year-old clock decorated with mechanical golden peacocks, but make sure to take plenty of pictures of the building’s outer wall too(It looks best on fresh winter mornings). Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam With its 40 Rembrandts(Dutch painter) and four Vermeers (Dutch painter), the Rijksmuseum is unmissable if you’re partial to a sullen (沉闷的) seventeenth-century scene. The museum in fact houses more than a million works of art, and by no means are these limited to just paintings. If you’re visiting with kids, hunt down the dollhouse collections and review Dutch life in miniature—right down to the tiny plates set for dinner. Tate Modern, London The Tate has four galleries in the UK: Tate Liverpool, Tate St Ives, Tate Britain, and Tate Modern. It’s the latter that’s really world-class, though. Housed in a former power station on London’s Bankside, the cavernous (像洞穴的) galleries house a vast lasting collection and amazing exhibitions that pull in the crowds. 1. What is special about the first museum? A. It is the largest of the four. B. It was built based on a tomb. C. It offers an exploration experience. D. It was found by non-professionals. 2. What does the writer mean by mentioning 11 years in paragraph 3? A. The museum has a long history. B. The museum covers a large area. C. The museum has a large collection. D. The museum has quantities of visitors. 3. Which of the following provides special attractions for kids? A. Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum. B. State Hermitage Museum. C. Rijksmuseum. D. Tate Modern. B The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 4 What can be inferred about the program? A. It is of benefit to the environment. B. People still have doubt about it. C. The trains in Spain are completely free now. D. Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 5. What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A. To lower fuel prices. B. To relieve the stress of airline business. C. To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D. To show the government’s concern for the public. 6. What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A Negative. B. Admiring. C. Inattentive. D. Praiseworthy. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The popularity of the climate ticket. B. The economic benefits of the program. C. The program’s great benefits to health. D. The practices on public transport in some countries. C After age and genetics (传性), being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病),experts say, “Two out of every three brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease are women's brains," said Dr, Richard Isaacson,director of the Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic in the Center for Brain Health at Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions (干预)-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer’s risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women. “Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular(心血管的) disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper. “Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. This study clearly stresses the need for additional larger studies to be able to better predict the baseline cognitive trail in aging females versus males,” said Rudolph Tanzi, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, “ As we aim to find ways to block out this disease in the early stage, we will need to know if prevention and treatment strategies will work equally on both men and women. This new study clearly brings us a big step closer to that goal, ” Tanzi added. Finding that women were able to reduce their risk even more than men is welcome news,as it provides a promising area for future study and gives hope that women can tip the battle against Alzheimer's in their favor. “By treating people in an evidence based yet safe way,using various lifestyles and medical interventions, we've shown that you can really make an impact on brain health,” he said. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Age and genetics have no impact on Alzheimer’s. B. Alzheimer’s has nothing to do with sex difference. C. Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s than men. D. Being a woman decreases the chance of developing Alzheimer’s. 9. What is Isaacson’s attitude towards the new research? A. Indifferent. B. Opposed. C. Ignorant. D. Positive. 10. What can affect brain health according to Tanzi? A. Lifestyle changes. B. Higher education. C. living environment D. Personal experience. 11. Where is the text likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A brochure. D. A travel guide. D A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits (特征) face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. The study analyzed the extinction risk and physical traits, such as beak shape and wing length, of 99% of all living bird species, making it the most general study of its kind to date.The researchers found that in simulated scenarios (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct, there would be a significantly greater reduction in the physical diversity among birds than in scenarios where extinctions were random (随机的). Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” In the study, the authors used a dataset of measurements collected from living birds and museum specimens, totalling 9,943 bird species. Although the dataset used in the study was able to show that the most unique birds were also classified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, it was unable to show what links uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk.” 12. According to researchers, what may the loss of unique birds lead to? A. The reduction of certain research. B. The damage to ecosystem function, C The development of ecological tourism. D. The better living environment of human race. 13. What may the underlined word “prune” mean in paragraph 3? A. Cut out. B. Pick up. C. Get in. D. Add to. 14. What do researchers need to explore in the future? A. Human’s impacts on unique birds. B The parts unique traits play in birds’ life. C. Links of uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. D. The approaches to preventing birds’ extinction. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Some birds with special physical traits B. Key roles unique birds play in ecosystems C. Measures to protect threatened unique birds D. More unique birds at higher risk of extinction 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wondering what you can do to celebrate Earth Day on April 22? We’ve made a list of fun and environmentally-conscious Earth Day activities to help raise awareness and make a difference. Walk or ride your bike. ___16___ Each day can make a difference, but if you can commit to walking or biking more often in the future, that’s even better! If your daily commute (通勤) is too far for walking or biking, try environmentally-conscious public transportation like buses, trains, or shuttles. Carry reusable plastic or cloth bags. Most plastic bags are used for about 10-20 minutes, only to end up in a landfill for hundreds of years. ___17___ So use reusable grocery bags when you go to the supermarket or when you’re buying items at any store. ___18___ You can do this as an individual or join a community group. Many local environmental groups organize bigger events where you can join a team and clear roadways, highways, and neighborhood streets of litter, so see if your local community is hosting anything. Taking a moment to pick up any litter you see as you’re out and about on Earth Day is helpful and easy to do. Attend a local Earth Day event. See if your community is holding an environmental fair. If your community doesn’t have one planned, consider starting one yourself! ___19___ Any money raised can go towards a local environmental restoration project or group. Turn off lights when you’re not using them. Turn off lamps and overhead lights whenever you leave a room or your house. Electricity often comes from fossil fuels that contribute to climate change. ___20___ A. Pick up litter in your community. B. Join a volunteer activity to help a community. C. Going car-free for the day will reduce harm to the environment. D. Since humans use 4 trillion plastic bags a year, this is a big problem. E. So using as little electricity as possible is a great way to help the Earth. F. Landfills are already overflowing, so try to avoid adding to that situation. G. It’s the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the Earth. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking along the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many, but Jim Spear has taken it one step ___21___, spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient ___22___. Spear’s interest in China began during college when he took a class taught by a Chinese ___23___. His interest ___24___ when he met his wife-to-be, Tang, in 1980, and married her two years later. He says that it was ___25___ that led him to settle beneath the Great Wall. In the 1990s, he and his wife discovered their future home in Mutianyu after a chance to ___26___ Li Fengquan, who tried to sell him a T-shirt. As an architect, Spear used his expertise to renew his dream house, which came with ___27___ views of the Great Wall. Moreover, the architect explored ways of supporting rural residents. In ___28___ of his contributions, Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award by the Beijing government in 2014. “The Great Wall ___29___ me in many ways to this very day,” he says when asked if his architectural work ___30___ inspiration from the impressive structure. However, he stresses that ___31___ a Great Wall style doesn’t mean building defence, but rather that his approach concerns designs that echo (与……有共同特征) the wall, but don’t ___32___ it. Spear sees plenty of possibilities in China, driven by significant internal demand and a growing focus on ___33___ historical structures. His love for China is ___34___ alive. “___35___ of my heart is in the US and always will be. But the rest is in China and I love living here. I like China,” he says. 21. A. wiser B. further C. faster D. higher 22. A. wonder B. area C. image D. figure 23. A. explorer B. reminder C. guide D. specialist 24. A. deepened B. fastened C. applied D. addicted 25. A. ignorance B. duty C. fortune D. goal 26. A. go after B. come across C. argue with D. call out 27. A. political B. challenging C. various D. odd 28. A. effort B. recognition C. advantage D. change 29. A. signals B. signs C. inspires D. proves 30. A. warns B. responds C. approaches D. draws 31. A. instructing B. influencing C. following D. promoting 32. A. copy B. compare C. replace D. record 33. A. preserving B. spotting C. containing D. selecting 34. A. normally B. extremely C. regularly D. naturally 35. A. Joy B. Shape C. Pain D. Part 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe are common in their own country. ___36___ they come from very different culinary traditions, the Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe share many similarities in terms of their thin and flexible texture (柔韧的质地), various fillings, and ___37___ (popular) as a quick meal. Often ___38___ (serve) folded or rolled up, both snacks can be enjoyed ___39___ any time. ___40___ (originate) in northern China, jianbing is a popular breakfast snack sold on the side of the street. It has a history of more than 5,000 years. Since it was created, jianbing ___41___ (be) a favoured snack of many people. It consists of a thin pancake ___42___ is made from a batter of wheat and mung bean flour, often topped with spicy sauces and fried dough in the shape of twin bars or flat blistered rectangles, and topped with ___43___ freshly cracked egg. Commonly seen in France, crêpes can be enjoyed as a sweet or spicy treat. They are ___44___ (typical) made from a thin batter of wheat flour, milk, eggs and butter, resulting in a delicate and tender texture. Crêpes can be accompanied by ___45___ (vary) toppings such as chocolate, cheese, fresh fruit or whipped cream. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分45分) 第一节 根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词的正确形式完成句子。(共7 小题；每个空格1分，满分 20分) 46. You have to ________________ (乐意) accept your mistakes and grow from them. (willing) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 47. I called early ______ ______ ______ ______ (抱着……的希望) catching her before she went to work. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48. More and more young people went to big cities to ________________ (闯世界). (seek) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49. He founded the charity ______(为了纪念)his late wife. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 50. It is surprising that it has taken people so long to ________________ (充分利用) what is a win-win opportunity.(advantage) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 51. I think I can be ________________ (专注于) what I am doing! (absorb) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. The company wants to ________________ (摆脱) from its down market image.(break) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 53. 你校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 好习惯的重要性； 2. 举例说明； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 ACBAB 6—10 CCBAA 11. regulates 12. 55/Fifty-five 13. how much money 14. drive 15. fast 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 云浮市2023—2024学年第二学期高中教学质量检测 高一英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 听力理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5 秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C 选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 1: What is the woman’s nationality? A. American. B. British. C. Russian. Question 2: Where did the man go last week? A. To the Amazon. B. To Lake Teletskoye. C. To Vasyugan Swamp. Question 3: What does the woman think of the man? A. Intelligent. B. Brave. C. Interesting. 听第2段材料，回答第4至 6题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 4: Who invited the man to the party? A. His cousin. B. The woman. C. His classmate. Question 5: How does the music sound to the woman? A. Boring. B. Beautiful. C. Noisy. Question 6: What will the speakers do next? A. Leave the party. B. Go rock climbing. C. Go on chatting. 听第3段材料，回答第7至10题。材料和问题读两遍。 Question 7: What do we know about the woman’s father? A. He felt lonely. B. He got sick. C. He fell over. Question 8: What is the woman’s attitude to sending her father to a nursing home? A. Supportive. B. Unsure. C. Disapproving. Question 9: How old is the man’s mother? A.60 years old. B.57 years old. C.54 years old. Question 10: Why did the man’s mother go to the nursing home? A. To make friends. B. To enjoy professional services. C. To live in a pleasant environment. 第二节 回答问题(共5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面一段短文，然后回答问题。短文和问题读两遍。 Question 11: Answer: The speed limit ________ how fast a car may go. Question 12: Answer: ________ miles an hour. Question 13: Answer: They tell the drivers ________ they must pay. Question 14: Answer: He can’t ________ for some time. Question 15: Answer: Because they can’t drive ________. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When you’re travelling to a new place, often one of the main things you’re looking for is a really brilliant museum or gallery. Here are some museums worth visiting. Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum, Xi’an Can you imagine how unbelievable it must have felt to uncover the terracotta warriors for the first time? No, of course you can’t, but we’re guessing it must have felt pretty good. The people who found it were farmers in Xi’an in 1974. Gathered around the tomb of China’s first emperor, the 8,000 warriors and their horses are a grand sight. State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg It is said that if you look at every object in the State Hermitage Museum for one minute each, it would take 11 years to see everything. That’s quite for sure. But it’s certainly that you just hang around its galleries for a day or two. Highlights include an over 200-year-old clock decorated with mechanical golden peacocks, but make sure to take plenty of pictures of the building’s outer wall too(It looks best on fresh winter mornings). Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam With its 40 Rembrandts(Dutch painter) and four Vermeers (Dutch painter), the Rijksmuseum is unmissable if you’re partial to a sullen (沉闷的) seventeenth-century scene. The museum in fact houses more than a million works of art, and by no means are these limited to just paintings. If you’re visiting with kids, hunt down the dollhouse collections and review Dutch life in miniature—right down to the tiny plates set for dinner. Tate Modern, London The Tate has four galleries in the UK: Tate Liverpool, Tate St Ives, Tate Britain, and Tate Modern. It’s the latter that’s really world-class, though. Housed in a former power station on London’s Bankside, the cavernous (像洞穴的) galleries house a vast lasting collection and amazing exhibitions that pull in the crowds. 1. What is special about the first museum? A. It is the largest of the four. B. It was built based on a tomb. C. It offers an exploration experience. D. It was found by non-professionals. 2. What does the writer mean by mentioning 11 years in paragraph 3? A. The museum has a long history. B. The museum covers a large area. C. The museum has a large collection. D. The museum has quantities of visitors. 3. Which of the following provides special attractions for kids? A. Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum. B. State Hermitage Museum. C. Rijksmuseum. D. Tate Modern. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁是应用文。这篇文章介绍了四个值得一游的博物馆的情况。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum, Xi’an部分中“Gathered around the tomb of China’s first emperor, the 8,000 warriors and their horses are a grand sight. (8000名武士和他们的战马聚集在中国第一位皇帝的陵墓周围，是一幅壮观的景象。)”可知，第一座博物馆是在一座坟墓的基础上建造的。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由文章State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg部分中“It is said that if you look at every object in the State Hermitage Museum for one minute each, it would take 11 years to see everything. (据说，如果你看国家冬宫博物馆的每件展品，每件一分钟，需要11年的时间才能看完。)”可知，作者在提到11年是在说明该博物馆收藏了大量的藏品。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam部分中“If you’re visiting with kids, hunt down the dollhouse collections and review Dutch life in miniature—right down to the tiny plates set for dinner. (如果你是带着孩子来的，那就去寻找玩具屋的收藏品，用微缩的方式回顾一下荷兰人的生活——就连晚餐用的小盘子都有。)”可知，Rijksmuseum对孩子们有特别的吸引力。故选C。 B The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 4. What can be inferred about the program? A. It is of benefit to the environment. B. People still have doubt about it. C. The trains in Spain are completely free now. D. Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 5. What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A. To lower fuel prices. B. To relieve the stress of airline business. C. To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D. To show the government’s concern for the public. 6. What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A. Negative. B. Admiring. C. Inattentive. D. Praiseworthy. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The popularity of the climate ticket. B. The economic benefits of the program. C. The program’s great benefits to health. D. The practices on public transport in some countries. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了西班牙推出的一项新政策，即年内大部分火车乘坐将免费，旨在为民众提供应对生活成本危机的帮助，同时也有助于环保和减少通勤成本。文章还提及了德国和奥地利在公共交通票价上的类似减免措施，并指出英国政府尚未推出鼓励使用火车的计划。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program.(根据一项新计划，到今年年底，西班牙绝大多数火车都将免费)”和“As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country.(乘火车比乘飞机旅行对环境更有好处，坐在火车上，看着乡村的景色掠过，是了解一个国家的最佳方式)”可推知 ，这个计划对环境是有好处的。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets.(根据西班牙的新计划，所有的中短途火车都是免费的——只要你买对了票——这为你提供了游览加泰罗尼亚、安达卢西亚和巴斯克地区的绝佳机会。如果购买多次旅行的车票，游客可以利用折扣，这些折扣是为了帮助人们应对生活成本危机而推出的)”可知，该计划可以促进旅游业发展；根据段中““I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply.(一位高级官员表示：“我希望西班牙人民知道，我完全了解大多数人每天面临的困难。我知道工资越来越少，而且很难撑到月底。”该国交通运输部表示，在燃油价格持续大幅上涨的情况下，这项措施将帮助人们安全上班)”可知，该计划还可以让西班牙普通民众受益。由此推知，这一计划的目的是促进旅游业发展，造福西班牙人民。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause.  Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel.(尽管气候危机的严重性以及汽油和柴油汽车造成的损害，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，作者认为英国政府未能像西班牙、德国和奥地利一样降低公共交通价格，而且英国政府鼓励更多的人开车也与应对气候危机背道而驰。由此推知，作者对英国政府的做法持否定态度。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。最后一段“Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel.(西班牙加入了德国的行列，开始降低公共交通价格，德国推出了一张9欧元的车票，从6月到8月底可以坐一个月的车。奥地利已经开始提供气候票，人们只需花3欧元就能完成旅程。去年该彩票首次推出时，其受欢迎程度几乎导致其网站崩溃。尽管气候危机严重，汽油和柴油汽车造成的破坏也很严重，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，本段主要介绍了其他国家在公共交通方面的做法，如德国降低了公共交通的价格，奥地利开始提供气候票，而英国政府却没有宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。由此可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些国家在公共交通方面的做法。故选D项。 C After age and genetics (传性), being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病),experts say, “Two out of every three brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease are women's brains," said Dr, Richard Isaacson,director of the Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic in the Center for Brain Health at Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions (干预)-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer’s risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women. “Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular(心血管的) disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper. “Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. This study clearly stresses the need for additional larger studies to be able to better predict the baseline cognitive trail in aging females versus males,” said Rudolph Tanzi, a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, “ As we aim to find ways to block out this disease in the early stage, we will need to know if prevention and treatment strategies will work equally on both men and women. This new study clearly brings us a big step closer to that goal, ” Tanzi added. Finding that women were able to reduce their risk even more than men is welcome news,as it provides a promising area for future study and gives hope that women can tip the battle against Alzheimer's in their favor. “By treating people in an evidence based yet safe way,using various lifestyles and medical interventions, we've shown that you can really make an impact on brain health,” he said. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Age and genetics have no impact on Alzheimer’s. B. Alzheimer’s has nothing to do with sex difference. C. Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s than men. D Being a woman decreases the chance of developing Alzheimer’s. 9. What is Isaacson’s attitude towards the new research? A. Indifferent. B. Opposed. C. Ignorant. D. Positive. 10. What can affect brain health according to Tanzi? A. Lifestyle changes. B. Higher education. C. living environment D. Personal experience. 11. Where is the text likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A brochure. D. A travel guide. 【答案】8 C 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”可知，女性的性别因素对于患阿尔茨海默病的影响排在年龄和基因之后，由此可知，女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的““Our individually tailored interventions led to greater improvements in women compared to men across risk scales for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease,” said Isaacson, who coauthored the paper.(该论文的合著者艾萨克森说：“与男性相比，我们量身定制的干预措施在阿尔茨海默氏症和心血管疾病的风险等级上取得了更大的改善。”) ”可知，艾萨克森对这项新研究的态度是积极的。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, improved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. (生活方式的改变，比如增加锻炼、改善睡眠和饮食、减轻压力，都会影响大脑健康。)”可知，根据Tanzi的说法，改变生活方式会影响大脑健康。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a woman is the single most important risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”和第二段的“University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.Now, a new study has good news when it comes to giving women a chance to reduce their increased risk, Personalized lifestyle interventions-such as diet, exercise, stress reduction and sleep hygiene were able to reduce Alzheimer's risk factors in both sexes, but they worked even better in women.(施密特大学医学院。现在，一项新的研究给女性带来了好消息，个性化的生活方式干预——比如饮食、锻炼、减轻压力和睡眠卫生——能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，但对女性效果更好。)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，因此文章出自医学类的杂志。故选B。 D A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits (特征) face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. The study analyzed the extinction risk and physical traits, such as beak shape and wing length, of 99% of all living bird species, making it the most general study of its kind to date.The researchers found that in simulated scenarios (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct, there would be a significantly greater reduction in the physical diversity among birds than in scenarios where extinctions were random (随机的). Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” In the study, the authors used a dataset of measurements collected from living birds and museum specimens, totalling 9,943 bird species. Although the dataset used in the study was able to show that the most unique birds were also classified as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, it was unable to show what links uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk.” 12. According to researchers, what may the loss of unique birds lead to? A. The reduction of certain research. B. The damage to ecosystem function, C. The development of ecological tourism. D. The better living environment of human race. 13. What may the underlined word “prune” mean in paragraph 3? A. Cut out. B. Pick up. C. Get in. D. Add to. 14. What do researchers need to explore in the future? A. Human’s impacts on unique birds. B. The parts unique traits play in birds’ life. C. Links of uniqueness in birds to extinction risk. D. The approaches to preventing birds’ extinction. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Some birds with special physical traits B. Key roles unique birds play in ecosystems C. Measures to protect threatened unique birds D. More unique birds at higher risk of extinction 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. (失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，独特鸟类的消失可能会导致对生态系统功能的破坏。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Jarome Ali, a PhD candidate at Princeton University who completed the research at Imperial College London, said, “Our study shows that extinctions will most likely prune a large percentage of unique species from the bird family tree. Losing these unique species will mean a loss of the specialized roles that they play in ecosystems. If we do not take action to protect threatened species and prevent extinctions, the functioning of ecosystems will be thrown into disorder.” (普林斯顿大学的博士候选人Jarome Ali在伦敦帝国理工学院完成了这项研究，他说：“我们的研究表明，灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中……很大比例的独特物种。失去这些独特的物种将意味着失去它们在生态系统中发挥的特殊作用。如果我们不采取行动保护濒危物种，防止物种灭绝，生态系统的功能将陷入混乱。”) ”可知，划线词与“Losing these unique species”同义，则意为“ 切掉，删掉，删除”，“cut out”可以解释划线词，即灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中去除很大比例的独特物种。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Jarome Ali said, “One possibility is that highly specialized organisms are less able to adapt to a changing environment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the most unusual ecological roles. More research is needed to dive deeper into the connection between unique traits and extinction risk, ” (Jarome Ali说：“一种可能性是高度特化的生物适应不断变化的环境的能力较差，在这种情况下，人类的影响可能直接威胁到具有最不寻常生态作用的物种。需要更多的研究来深入研究独特特征和灭绝风险之间的联系。”)”可知，未来研究人员需要探索鸟类的独特性与灭绝风险的联系。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“A new study finds that bird species with extreme or uncommon combinations of traits face the highest risk of extinction, The study led by researchers at Imperial College London finds that the most unique birds on the planet are also the most threatened. Losing these species and the unique roles they play in the environment, such as seed spread, pollination and predation, could have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. (一项新的研究发现，具有极端或罕见特征组合的鸟类面临着最高的灭绝风险。由伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员领导的这项研究发现，地球上最独特的鸟类也是最受威胁的。失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡，因此D项(更多独特的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险)适合作为标题，故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wondering what you can do to celebrate Earth Day on April 22? We’ve made a list of fun and environmentally-conscious Earth Day activities to help raise awareness and make a difference. Walk or ride your bike. ___16___ Each day can make a difference, but if you can commit to walking or biking more often in the future, that’s even better! If your daily commute (通勤) is too far for walking or biking, try environmentally-conscious public transportation like buses, trains, or shuttles. Carry reusable plastic or cloth bags. Most plastic bags are used for about 10-20 minutes, only to end up in a landfill for hundreds of years. ___17___ So use reusable grocery bags when you go to the supermarket or when you’re buying items at any store. ___18___ You can do this as an individual or join a community group. Many local environmental groups organize bigger events where you can join a team and clear roadways, highways, and neighborhood streets of litter, so see if your local community is hosting anything. Taking a moment to pick up any litter you see as you’re out and about on Earth Day is helpful and easy to do. Attend a local Earth Day event. See if your community is holding an environmental fair. If your community doesn’t have one planned, consider starting one yourself! ___19___ Any money raised can go towards a local environmental restoration project or group. Turn off lights when you’re not using them. Turn off lamps and overhead lights whenever you leave a room or your house. Electricity often comes from fossil fuels that contribute to climate change. ___20___ A. Pick up litter in your community. B. Join a volunteer activity to help a community. C. Going car-free for the day will reduce harm to the environment. D. Since humans use 4 trillion plastic bags a year, this is a big problem. E So using as little electricity as possible is a great way to help the Earth. F. Landfills are already overflowing, so try to avoid adding to that situation. G. It’s the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the Earth. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为想庆祝地球日的读者介绍了一些可以参与的活动。 【16题详解】 由下文“Each day can make a difference, but if you can commit to walking or biking more often in the future, that’s even better! If your daily commute (通勤) is too far for walking or biking, try environmentally-conscious public transportation like buses, trains, or shuttles. (每天可以发挥作用，但如果你能致力于在未来更经常地步行或骑自行车，那就更好了！如果你每天上下班的路程太远，不适合步行或骑自行车，试试环保的公共交通工具，比如公共汽车、火车或班车)”可知，此段落的主题是不使用汽车，鼓励步行或骑自行车出行，以减少对环境的影响，故C选项“Going car-free for the day will reduce harm to the environment. (一天不使用汽车可以减少对环境的危害)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 由上文“Carry reusable plastic or cloth bags. Most plastic bags are used for about 10-20 minutes, only to end up in a landfill for hundreds of years.(携带可重复使用的塑料袋或布袋。大多数塑料袋使用大约10-20分钟，最终被扔进垃圾填埋场数百年)”可知，本段强调使用可重复使用的袋子的重要性，本空要介绍与“使用的塑料袋”有关的话题，故D选项“Since humans use 4 trillion plastic bags a year, this is a big problem. (每年人类使用4万亿个塑料袋，这是一个大问题。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【18题详解】 由下文“You can do this as an individual or join a community group. Many local environmental groups organize bigger events where you can join a team and clear roadways, highways, and neighborhood streets of litter, so see if your local community is hosting anything. Taking a moment to pick up any litter you see as you’re out and about on Earth Day is helpful and easy to do.(你可以作为个人或加入一个社区团体。许多当地的环保组织组织了更大的活动，你可以加入一个团队，清理道路、高速公路和附近街道上的垃圾，所以看看你当地的社区是否会举办任何活动。花点时间捡起你在地球日外出时看到的垃圾，这很有帮助，也很容易做到)”可知，本空要说跟“捡拾垃圾”有关的话题，故A选项“Pick up litter in your community. (在你的社区里捡垃圾。)”能引起下文，适合作为段落主题句，符合题意。故选A。 【19题详解】 由上文“Attend a local Earth Day event. See if your community is holding an environmental fair. If your community doesn’t have one planned, consider starting one yourself! (参加当地的地球日活动。看看你的社区是否正在举办环境博览会。如果你的社区没有这样的计划，考虑自己创建一个！)”可知，本空要谈论这一天的特殊意义，故G选项“It’s the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the Earth. (这是一个完美的一天，可以聚在一起庆祝地球的有趣和教育。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【20题详解】 由上文“Turn off lights when you’re not using them. Turn off lamps and overhead lights whenever you leave a room or your house. Electricity often comes from fossil fuels that contribute to climate change.  (不用灯的时候把灯关掉。当你离开房间或你的房子时，关掉灯和顶灯。电力通常来自导致气候变化的化石燃料)”可知，本空要总结节约用电的好处，故E选项“So using as little electricity as possible is a great way to help the Earth. (因此，尽可能少地使用电力是帮助地球的好方法。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking along the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many, but Jim Spear has taken it one step ___21___, spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient ___22___. Spear’s interest in China began during college when he took a class taught by a Chinese ___23___. His interest ___24___ when he met his wife-to-be, Tang, in 1980, and married her two years later. He says that it was ___25___ that led him to settle beneath the Great Wall. In the 1990s, he and his wife discovered their future home in Mutianyu after a chance to ___26___ Li Fengquan, who tried to sell him a T-shirt. As an architect, Spear used his expertise to renew his dream house, which came with ___27___ views of the Great Wall. Moreover, the architect explored ways of supporting rural residents. In ___28___ of his contributions, Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award by the Beijing government in 2014. “The Great Wall ___29___ me in many ways to this very day,” he says when asked if his architectural work ___30___ inspiration from the impressive structure. However, he stresses that ___31___ a Great Wall style doesn’t mean building defence, but rather that his approach concerns designs that echo (与……有共同特征) the wall, but don’t ___32___ it. Spear sees plenty of possibilities in China, driven by significant internal demand and a growing focus on ___33___ historical structures. His love for China is ___34___ alive. “___35___ of my heart is in the US and always will be. But the rest is in China and I love living here. I like China,” he says. 21. A. wiser B. further C. faster D. higher 22. A. wonder B. area C. image D. figure 23. A. explorer B. reminder C. guide D. specialist 24. A. deepened B. fastened C. applied D. addicted 25. A. ignorance B. duty C. fortune D. goal 26. A. go after B. come across C. argue with D. call out 27. A. political B. challenging C. various D. odd 28. A. effort B. recognition C. advantage D. change 29. A. signals B. signs C. inspires D. proves 30. A. warns B. responds C. approaches D. draws 31. A. instructing B. influencing C. following D. promoting 32. A. copy B. compare C. replace D. record 33. A. preserving B. spotting C. containing D. selecting 34. A. normally B. extremely C. regularly D. naturally 35. A. Joy B. Shape C. Pain D. Part 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。本文讲述了Jim Spear对中国、特别是长城的热爱和他在中国的生活经历，包括他如何与妻子相遇、如何在中国定居、他的建筑设计工作以及他对中国的深厚感情。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，但Jim Spear更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。A. wiser更明智；B. further更远；C. faster更快；D. higher更高。根据上文的“Walking along the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many, but Jim Spear has taken it one step”和下文的“spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient”可知，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，Jim Spear不止是沿着长城行走，而是更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，但Jim Spear更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。A. wonder奇迹，好奇；B. area区域；C. image图像；D. figure人物。根据上文的“Walking along the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many”和“spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient”可知，Jim Spear住在长城下面的一个村庄里，即长城下面这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Spear对中国的兴趣始于大学期间，当时他参加了一位中国专家教授的课程。A. explorer探险家；B. reminder提醒者；C. guide导游，指导者；D. specialist专家。根据上文的“when he took a class taught by a Chinese”可知，大学期间他参加了一个课程，所以可推知是一位中国专家教授的课程。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1980年，当他遇到他的未婚妻唐时，他的兴趣加深了，并在两年后结婚。A. deepened加深；B. fastened固定；C. applied应用；D. addicted上瘾。根据下文的“when he met his wife-to-be, Tang, in 1980, and married her two years later”和“He says that it was___5___that led him to settle beneath the Great Wall.”可知，他的兴趣比在大学时加深了，导致最后定居在长城脚下。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说是运气让他在长城下定居下来的。A. ignorance无知；B. duty责任；C. fortune幸运；D. goal目标。根据下文的“In the 1990s, he and his wife discovered their future home in Mutianyu after a chance to ___6___ Li Fengquan, who tried to sell him a T-shirt.”可知，他和妻子偶然遇到了李丰泉，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，后来他们在慕田峪找到了未来的家。所以他觉得是运气让他在长城下定居下来的。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：上世纪90年代，他和妻子偶然遇到了李丰泉，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，后来他们在慕田峪找到了未来的家。A. go after追求；B. come across偶遇；C. argue with与……争论；D. call out大声叫喊。根据下文的“Li Fengquan, who tried to sell him a T-shirt.”可知，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，可推知他们以前不认识，所以他们是偶然遇到。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名建筑师，Spear用他的专业知识更新了他的梦想之家，这所房子可以看到长城的各种景色。A. political政治的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. various各种各样的；D. odd奇怪的。根据下文的“views of the Great Wall”可知，Spear可以看到长城的各种景色。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表彰他的贡献，2014年，北京市政府授予他“长城友谊奖”。A. effort努力；B. recognition认可，赞誉，奖赏；C. advantage优势；D. change改变。根据下文的“Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award by the Beijing government in 2014.”可知，北京市政府授予他“长城友谊奖”，这是对他的表彰。in recognition of“为了表彰”。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他的建筑作品是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，他说：“直到今天，长城在很多方面都给了我灵感。”A. signals发出信号；B. signs示意，打手势；C. inspires赋予灵感；D. proves证明。根据上文的“me in many ways to this very day,” he says when asked if his architectural work ___10___ inspiration from the impressive structure.”可知，有人问他是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，所以他回答说长城在很多方面都给了自己灵感。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他的建筑作品是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，他说：“直到今天，长城在很多方面都给了我灵感。”A. warns警告；B. responds反应；C. approaches接近；D. draws产生，引起，激起。根据下文的“inspiration from the impressive structure”可知，他回答说长城在很多方面都激起了自己灵感。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他强调，遵循长城风格并不意味着建造防御工事，而是他的设计方法是与长城相呼应，但不复制长城。A. instructing指导；B. influencing影响；C. following跟随，遵循；D. promoting推广。根据下文的“a Great Wall style”可知，此处指他的设计风格遵循长城风格。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他强调，遵循长城风格并不意味着建造防御工事，而是他的设计方法是与长城相呼应，但不复制长城。A. copy复制，模仿；B. compare比较；C. replace替换；D. record记录。根据下文的“a Great Wall style doesn’t mean building defence, but rather that his approach concerns designs that echo (与……有共同特征) the wall, but don’t”可知，他遵循长城风格，但是不复制长城。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Spear认为，在巨大的国内需求和对保护历史建筑的日益关注的推动下，中国有很多可能性。A. preserving保存，保护；B. spotting发现；C. containing包含；D. selecting选择。根据下文的“historical structures”可知，对历史建筑进行保护。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他对中国的爱是极其强烈的。A. normally通常；B. extremely极其；C. regularly定期；D. naturally自然地。根据下文的“But the rest is in China and I love living here. I like China”可知，他特别热爱中国，对中国的爱是极其强烈的。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的一部分心在美国，永远在那里。A. Joy快乐；B. Shape形状；C. Pain痛苦；D. Part部分。根据下文的“of my heart is in the US and always will be. But the rest is in China and I love living here. I like China”可知，Spear认为自己的一部分心在美国，其余的都在中国。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe are common in their own country. ___36___ they come from very different culinary traditions, the Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe share many similarities in terms of their thin and flexible texture (柔韧的质地), various fillings, and ___37___ (popular) as a quick meal. Often ___38___ (serve) folded or rolled up, both snacks can be enjoyed ___39___ any time. ___40___ (originate) in northern China, jianbing is a popular breakfast snack sold on the side of the street. It has a history of more than 5,000 years. Since it was created, jianbing ___41___ (be) a favoured snack of many people. It consists of a thin pancake ___42___ is made from a batter of wheat and mung bean flour, often topped with spicy sauces and fried dough in the shape of twin bars or flat blistered rectangles, and topped with ___43___ freshly cracked egg. Commonly seen in France, crêpes can be enjoyed as a sweet or spicy treat. They are ___44___ (typical) made from a thin batter of wheat flour, milk, eggs and butter, resulting in a delicate and tender texture. Crêpes can be accompanied by ___45___ (vary) toppings such as chocolate, cheese, fresh fruit or whipped cream. 【答案】36. Although##Though 37. popularity 38. served 39. at 40. Originating 41. has been 42. which##that 43. a 44. typically 45 various##varied 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文比较了中国的煎饼（jianbing）和法国的薄饼（crêpe），介绍了它们各自的特点、起源以及食用方式，突出了两者之间的一些共同之处，比如它们都具有薄而柔韧的质地，可以添加各种馅料，并且作为快速餐食很受欢迎。 【36题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管它们来自截然不同的烹饪传统，中国的煎饼（jianbing）和法国的薄饼（crêpe）在它们薄且柔韧的质地、多种填充物以及作为快速餐食的受欢迎程度方面有许多相似之处。前后句意存在让步转折关系，应用although/though“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。本空填不可数名词popularity“受欢迎，流行”，与their thin and flexible texture和various fillings并列，作in terms of的宾语。故填popularity。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通常被折叠或卷起来食用，这两种小吃可以在任何时候享用。本句谓语为examined，此处为非谓语动词，且both snacks与serve“提供”为被动关系，用过去分词，作状语。故填served。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。本空用介词at，at any time“在任何时候”为固定搭配。故填at。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：煎饼起源于中国北方，是一种流行的街头早餐小吃。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且jianbing与originate“起源于”为主动关系，用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Originating。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：自它被创造以来，煎饼一直是许多人喜爱的小吃。根据句意和句中Since it was created可知，be这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，又因主语jianbing是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它由一层薄薄的面饼组成，面饼是由小麦粉和绿豆粉制成的面糊制成，通常上面会加上辣酱和炸面团条，顶部还会放上一个新鲜打散的鸡蛋。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a thin pancake，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指“一个新鲜打散的鸡蛋”，且freshly以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：它们通常是用小麦面粉、牛奶、鸡蛋和黄油制成的薄面糊做成的，口感细腻柔软。本空用副词typically“通常”，修饰动词made，作状语。故填typically。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：薄饼可以搭配各种各样的配料，如巧克力、奶酪、新鲜水果或鲜奶油。本空用形容词来various或varied“各种各样的”，修饰名词toppings，作前置定语。故填various或varied。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分45分) 第一节 根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词的正确形式完成句子。(共7 小题；每个空格1分，满分 20分) 46. You have to ________________ (乐意) accept your mistakes and grow from them. (willing) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】be willing to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配、不定式。句意：你必须愿意接受自己的错误，并从中成长。此处使用固定搭配be willing to“愿意”，have to“不得不”后用动词原形。故填be willing to。 47. I called early ______ ______ ______ ______ (抱着……的希望) catching her before she went to work. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. the ③. hope ④. of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我很早就打了个电话，希望在她上班之前找到她。根据汉语提示，设空处应填介词短语in the hope of作状语，后接名词或动名词。故填：①in；②the；③hope；④of。 48. More and more young people went to big cities to ________________ (闯世界). (seek) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】seek their fortune 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和不定式。句意：越来越多的年轻人去大城市寻找他们的财富。此处使用固定搭配seek one’s fortune“寻找成功致富之路，闯世界”，结合More and more young people可知，应用形容词性物主代词their，seek their fortune位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填seek their fortune。 49. He founded the charity ______(为了纪念)his late wife. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in memory of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：他成立了这个慈善机构来纪念他已故的妻子。为了纪念为in memory of，通常表示纪念已故的人。故填in memory of。 50. It is surprising that it has taken people so long to ________________ (充分利用) what is a win-win opportunity.(advantage) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】take advantage of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和不定式。句意：令人惊讶的是，人们花了这么长时间才抓住这个双赢的机会。此处使用固定搭配take advantage of“充分利用”，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填take advantage of。 51. I think I can be ________________ (专注于) what I am doing! (absorb) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】absorbed in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我想我可以全神贯注于我正在做的事情！结合汉语提示和空前的can be可知，本空用absorbed in，此处使用固定搭配be absorbed in“专注于”。故填absorbed in。 52. The company wants to ________________ (摆脱) from its down market image.(break) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】break away 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：该公司希望摆脱其低迷的市场形象。根据空后的from可知，本句中使用动词短语break away from“摆脱”，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填break away。 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 53. 你校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 好习惯的重要性； 2. 举例说明； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Fellow students, I’m Li Hua from Class 3. It is my honor to deliver a speech on “Good habits help me succeed”. It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. Good habits not only contribute to personal discipline and self-mastery but also lay the foundation for long-term success and fulfillment. For instance, the habit of setting specific goals and maintaining a dedicated work ethic has been instrumental in pushing me towards my goals. Moreover, the consistent practice of mindfulness and time management enables me to maximize productivity and maintain a healthy work-life balance. Motivation is what gets me started. And the habit is what keeps me going. May you all have good living habits! In conclusion, let us embrace the transformative potential of good habits and commit ourselves to cultivating behaviors that will pave the way for our success and well-being. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，要求考生按照要求写一篇演讲稿参赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 发表演讲：deliver a speech→ give a speech 重要的：important→ significant 有助于：contribute to→ be conducive to 例如：for instance→ for example 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health.. 拓展句：As we all know, good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 It is my honor to deliver a speech on “Good habits help me succeed”. (运用了It作形式主语、不定式to deliver作真正的主语) 【高分句型2】It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health. (运用了It作形式主语、that引导的主语从句) 听力 1—5 ACBAB 6—10 CCBAA 11. regulates 12. 55/Fifty-five 13. how much money 14. drive 15. fast 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$