12讲：外刊精选+语法专题【被动语态】+中考题型套餐+词汇打卡【字母N】 （讲练）-【一轮通关】备战2025年中考英语讲练测（上海专用）

第十二讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（被动语态）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读问答题）、词汇打卡(字母N) 外刊精选 Is watching sports good for your wellbeing ? 观看体育比赛对身心健康有利吗？ 我们都知道日常锻炼和参加体育运动对我们的身心健康有益。但是你知道仅仅观看体育比赛也可能让我们变得更健康吗？阅读本篇文章，了解观看体育比赛如何通过增强社交联系来提升身心健康和幸福感。 If you’re a sports fan, you may be familiar with the emotional rollercoaster that comes with sports spectatorship. Whether you’re part of a buzzing crowd in a stadium, or just watching at home on TV, it’s easy to get caught up in the highs and the lows when you celebrate or commiserate with your favourite team or athlete. Those feelings are so strong, in fact, that a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, showed that the emotional stress during a football match increased the risk of a cardiovascular incident. But can watching sports be good for you too? The evidence suggests that people who watch live sporting events experience greater wellbeing than those who don’t. A study published in Frontiers in Public Health by the Anglia Ruskin University in the UK, found sports spectators felt less lonely and had higher scores for life satisfaction. Lead author Helen Keys said in a press release, “watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to forge group identity and belonging.” She says this then reduces loneliness and boosts wellbeing. But, if for any reason you aren’t keen on going to live events, don’t worry! Watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects, according to a 2021 study by Tsuji and colleagues. They found that older adults who watched sports were less likely to have depressive symptoms than those who didn’t. On top of that, the sports spectators tended to have richer social networks than non-spectators. The authors suggest that the social networks you gain through watching sports may lower the risk of depressive symptoms. So, the cheers at a live sports event or even casual chit-chat with friends about your favourite team can bring a sense of camaraderie and may reduce loneliness and depression. It seems the health benefits of sports are not limited to physical activity through participation in them, but that we can make gains in our general wellbeing through social bonding. 词汇表 emotional rollercoaster 情绪剧烈起伏 spectatorship 观看 buzzing crowd 熙熙攘攘的人群 commiserate 为……惋惜、遗憾 cardiovascular 心血管的 wellbeing 身心健康，幸福感 spectator 观众 forge 形成 belonging 归属感 depressive symptom 抑郁症状 social network 社交网络 cheer 欢呼声 chit-chat 闲聊 camaraderie 情谊、友谊 social bonding 社会纽带，社交联系 测验与练习 1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What did a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, find? 2. True or False? Having opportunities for social interaction can boost wellbeing.  3. Why does the author say not to worry if you aren’t keen on live sports events? 4. What are three benefits of watching sports mentioned in the article? 5. What might cheers at a live sports event and chit-chat with friends about favourite team do?  2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The theatre was filled with the audience’s _______ after the fantastic performance. spectators         cheers           crowd                wellbeing 2. After hearing about her loss, I went to her house to _______ with her and offer support. celebrate         commiserate      emotional            cheer 3. Team-building activities are great for building _______ among employees. camaraderie     socialising         spectatorship        a rollercoaster 4. Through years of collaboration, they _______ a strong bond. belonged        spectated         commiserated           forged 5. The doctor recommends regular exercise to support _______ health. cardiovascular   wellbeing       depressive             belonging 【文本翻译】如果你是体育迷，你可能熟悉观看体育比赛时的那种情绪起伏。无论你是在体育场喧闹人群中的一员，还是只是在家看电视，当你为喜欢的球队或运动员欢呼或惋惜时，很容易陷入情绪的高潮和低谷。事实上，这种感觉非常强烈，以至于克罗地亚发表在 PubMed 上的一项研究表明，足球比赛期间的情绪压力会增加心血管疾病发作的风险。但观看体育比赛对我们也有好处吗？ 有证据表明，观看现场体育赛事的人比不观看的人幸福感更强。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学发表在《公共卫生前沿》上的一项研究发现，体育观众感觉不那么孤独，对生活的满意度得分更高。主要作者海伦·凯斯在一份新闻稿中说：“观看各类现场体育赛事为社交互动提供了很多机会，这有助于形成群体认同和归属感。”她说，这能减少孤独感，提高幸福感。 但是，如果由于任何原因你不喜欢去现场看比赛，别担心！Tsuji 及其同事在 2021 年的一项研究表明，在电视或互联网上观看体育比赛也可能有积极影响。他们发现，观看体育比赛的老年人比不观看的老年人出现抑郁症状的可能性更低。最重要的是，体育观众往往比非观众拥有更丰富的社交网络。作者认为，通过观看体育比赛获得的社交网络可能会降低出现抑郁症状的风险。 所以，在现场体育赛事中的欢呼，甚至与朋友随意聊聊你最喜欢的球队，都能带来一种同志情谊，可能会减少孤独感和抑郁情绪。似乎体育对健康的益处不仅限于通过参与体育活动获得的身体锻炼，还在于我们可以通过社交联系提升整体幸福感。 语法专题 语法精选----被动语态 结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 １.The article is written (by her). ２.The article was written (by her). ３.The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 即学即练 一、句型转换 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 二、单选选择 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 三、近年模拟试题 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 2．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 3．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 4．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 5．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 6．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 7．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 8．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 9．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 10．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest _________ for future use. A．is saved B．are saved C．was saved D．have been saved 11．（2023·上海虹口·二模）The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 12．（2023·上海闵行·二模）New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly. A．are driven B．drive C．were driven D．drove 13．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）Frozen, a musical fantasy film, ________ by Walt Disney in 2013. A．is produced B．was produced C．will be produced D．had been produced 14．（2023·上海松江·一模）Kitty ________ allowed to stay outside late by her parents when she was under 18. A．wasn’t B．isn’t C．won’t be D．hadn’t been 15．（2023·上海奉贤·一模）Have you heard of the terrible news? Large amounts of our personal information ________ on the Internet last night. A．have been sold B．was sold C．has been sold D．were sold 16．（2023·上海长宁·一模）Our housing estate ________ at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year. A．is decorated B．was decorated C．will be decorated D．has been decorated 17．（2023·上海徐汇·一模）Someday in the future, medicine ________ to us in a more patient-friendly way. A．is delivered B．has been delivered C．will be delivered D．was delivered 18．（2023·上海虹口·一模）Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily. A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged 19．（2021·上海杨浦·二模）People come from all over to our village to see views that cannot _______ anywhere else. A．enjoy B．be enjoyed C．are enjoyed D．be enjoying 20．（2024·广东汕头·一模）—Do you think teenagers should ________ to make their own decisions? —No, I don’t agree with you. They’re too young to do that. A．encourage B．be encouraging C．encouraged D．be encouraged 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （2023九年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给） This year some twenty-three teenagers from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend USA schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the r 1 America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world. Here is a two-way student e 2 in action. Fred, a boy of nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America. Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he expected—much h 3 . Students took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were a 4 no outside activities. Family life too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family not a certain member of the family. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he m 5 having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you w 6 , but you soon learn to like it.” At the same time in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose the lessons in American schools are too easy by our l 7 ,” he says. “But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better at training for citizens.” There ought to be some middle ground between the two. PASSAGE 2 （23-24九年级上·上海金山·期末）根据以下内容回答问题。    Do you know about storm photographers? They get up close to storms to take photos, and have been called “storm chasers”. Liu Yijing is such a person. Few people in China enjoy storms more than him. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, however, jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive into the heart of them. Liu Yijing was born and raised in Jiangxi Province. He has been keen about weather since childhood. While he was in primary school, his favorite TV program was the weather forecast. Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 23-year-old has traveled over 70, 000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them online. The young man has become more and more popular. He has been invited to give lectures at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (《大气科学进展》). As the first storm-chasing photographer, Liu is quite young and exceptional (非凡的) . However, there are other things that make him even more special. One day, Liu came across a farmer and was deeply touched by his words. The man told him that a storm had damaged his harvest. He realized that the things he loved could also bring disasters to others. So, he decided to start making short videos about extreme weather to . Nowadays, hundreds of thousands of people are learning about meteorology (气象学) from him on short-video platforms. “I hope my efforts can help people better understand nature,” said the storm chaser. 8．What does a storm photographer do? 9．Did Liu Yijing begin to like weather in his childhood? 10．How long has Liu Yijing taken photos of storms? 11．What makes Liu Yijing even more special? 12．Why did Liu Yijing decide to start making short videos about extreme weather? (Fill in Blank 82 with fewer than 15 words) 13．What has made Liu Yijing successful? What can you learn from him? 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 ◆ 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 narrow ['nærəʊ] adj． 狭窄的 2 nation ['neɪʃn] n. 民族，国家 3 national ['næʃnəl] a. 国家的，全国性的，民族的 4 nationality [næʃə'næləti] n． 国籍 5 native ['neɪtɪv] adj. n. 本地的；本国的；本地人；本国人 6 natural ['nætʃrəl] a. 自然的 7 nature ['neɪtʃə(r)] n. 自然，性质，种类 8 near [nɪə(r)] a. 近的 9 nearly ['nɪəli] ad. 将近，几乎 10 necessary ['nesəsəri] a. 必需的，必要的 11 neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子 12 need [niːd] n.modalv. &v. 需要，需求需要，必须 13 neighbour(美neighbor) ['neɪbə(r)] n. 邻居，邻人 14 neither ['naɪðə(r)] a. (两者)都不；也不 15 nervous ['nɜːvəs] a. 紧张不安的 16 normal ['nɔːml] n.&a. 正常的（状态） 17 notice ['nəʊtɪs] n.t. 布告，通告；注意到 18 nowadays ['naʊədeɪz] adv． 当今，现在 19 noodle ['nuːdl] n. 面条 20 noise [nɔɪz] n. 声音，噪声，喧闹声 21 novel ['nɒvl] n. 小说 22 November [nəʊ'vembə(r)] n. 十二月 23 northern ['nɔːðən] a. 北方的，北部的 24 nurse [nɜːs] n. 护士；保育员 ◆25 nephew [/nefjuː] n. 侄子, 外甥 ◆26 niece [niːs] n. 侄女, 外甥女 ◆27 noble [ˈnəʊbl] adj. 高贵的，高尚的 ◆28 nod [nɒd] vi. 点头 ◆29 negative [ˈneɡətɪv] adj. 消极的；负面的 ◆30 notebook [ˈnəʊtbʊk] n. 笔记本 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1.All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or ______. (nation) 2. Strangely enough, I don't feel at all ______. (nerve) 3. About two-hundred people died in the earthquake which hit ______Peru (north) 4. We searched the surrounding ___________for the missing boy. (neighbour) 5. All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or ___________. (national) 6. Helen is a very well-known ___________in Australia (novel) 7. Are you going to take him to the ___________? (nurse) 8. The Grand Canyon is one of the ___________wonders of the world. (nature) 9. He ___________escaped in the air crash.(narrow) 10. His heart rate was ___________, so he went to see a doctor. (normal) 11. It's too ______ here. How can we have the discussion for our project? (noise) 12. It's ______ for us to wash hands before having food. (need) 13. Excuse me, can you tell me if there is any hotel available ______? (near) 14.My office is on the ________ floor of the building. You can take a lift there. (nine) 15. Her ______quickly disappeared once she was on stage.(nerve) 词组默写 221.减肥 222.作出决定 223.拍电影 224.生火 225.谋生 226.出差错;犯错误 227.弄出声 228.与……交朋友 229.拿……开玩笑 230.挣钱;赚钱 231.取得进步 232.尽力做到;务请;确保;查明;确信 233.整理床铺 234.下决心 235.手机 236.紧挨着;紧靠着 237.不再 238(用来加强语气)一点也不，根本不 239. 时而;偶尔 240. 当然 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第十二讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（被动语态）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读问答题）、词汇打卡(字母N) 外刊精选 Is watching sports good for your wellbeing ? 观看体育比赛对身心健康有利吗？ 我们都知道日常锻炼和参加体育运动对我们的身心健康有益。但是你知道仅仅观看体育比赛也可能让我们变得更健康吗？阅读本篇文章，了解观看体育比赛如何通过增强社交联系来提升身心健康和幸福感。 If you’re a sports fan, you may be familiar with the emotional rollercoaster that comes with sports spectatorship. Whether you’re part of a buzzing crowd in a stadium, or just watching at home on TV, it’s easy to get caught up in the highs and the lows when you celebrate or commiserate with your favourite team or athlete. Those feelings are so strong, in fact, that a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, showed that the emotional stress during a football match increased the risk of a cardiovascular incident. But can watching sports be good for you too? The evidence suggests that people who watch live sporting events experience greater wellbeing than those who don’t. A study published in Frontiers in Public Health by the Anglia Ruskin University in the UK, found sports spectators felt less lonely and had higher scores for life satisfaction. Lead author Helen Keys said in a press release, “watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to forge group identity and belonging.” She says this then reduces loneliness and boosts wellbeing. But, if for any reason you aren’t keen on going to live events, don’t worry! Watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects, according to a 2021 study by Tsuji and colleagues. They found that older adults who watched sports were less likely to have depressive symptoms than those who didn’t. On top of that, the sports spectators tended to have richer social networks than non-spectators. The authors suggest that the social networks you gain through watching sports may lower the risk of depressive symptoms. So, the cheers at a live sports event or even casual chit-chat with friends about your favourite team can bring a sense of camaraderie and may reduce loneliness and depression. It seems the health benefits of sports are not limited to physical activity through participation in them, but that we can make gains in our general wellbeing through social bonding. 词汇表 emotional rollercoaster 情绪剧烈起伏 spectatorship 观看 buzzing crowd 熙熙攘攘的人群 commiserate 为……惋惜、遗憾 cardiovascular 心血管的 wellbeing 身心健康，幸福感 spectator 观众 forge 形成 belonging 归属感 depressive symptom 抑郁症状 social network 社交网络 cheer 欢呼声 chit-chat 闲聊 camaraderie 情谊、友谊 social bonding 社会纽带，社交联系 测验与练习 1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What did a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, find? 2. True or False? Having opportunities for social interaction can boost wellbeing.  3. Why does the author say not to worry if you aren’t keen on live sports events? 4. What are three benefits of watching sports mentioned in the article? 5. What might cheers at a live sports event and chit-chat with friends about favourite team do?  2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The theatre was filled with the audience’s _______ after the fantastic performance. spectators         cheers           crowd                wellbeing 2. After hearing about her loss, I went to her house to _______ with her and offer support. celebrate         commiserate      emotional            cheer 3. Team-building activities are great for building _______ among employees. camaraderie     socialising         spectatorship        a rollercoaster 4. Through years of collaboration, they _______ a strong bond. belonged        spectated         commiserated           forged 5. The doctor recommends regular exercise to support _______ health. cardiovascular   wellbeing       depressive             belonging 答案 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What did a study from Croatia, published in PubMed, find? A study from Croatia, published in PubMed, showed that the emotional stress during a football match increased the risk of a cardiovascular incident. 2. True or False? Having opportunities for social interaction can boost wellbeing. True. A study published in Frontiers in Public Health found watching live sport provides opportunities for social interaction which the lead author said boosts wellbeing. Watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects. 3. Why does the author say not to worry if you aren’t keen on live sports events?  The author said not to worry if you aren’t keen on live sports events because watching sports on TV or on the internet may also have positive effects. 4. What are three benefits of watching sports mentioned in the article?  Benefits of watching sports include: greater wellbeing, reduces loneliness, higher life satisfaction, opportunities for social interaction, lower risk of depressive symptoms, richer social networks.  5. What might cheers at a live sports event and chit-chat with friends about a favourite team do? Cheers at a live sports event or even casual chit-chat with friends about your favourite team can bring a sense of camaraderie and may reduce loneliness and depression.   2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The theatre was filled with the audience’s cheers after the fantastic performance.  2. After hearing about her loss, I went to her house to commiserate with her and offer support.  3. Team-building activities are great for building camaraderie among employees. 4. Through years of collaboration, they forged a strong bond. 5. The doctor recommends regular exercise to support cardiovascular health. 【文本翻译】如果你是体育迷，你可能熟悉观看体育比赛时的那种情绪起伏。无论你是在体育场喧闹人群中的一员，还是只是在家看电视，当你为喜欢的球队或运动员欢呼或惋惜时，很容易陷入情绪的高潮和低谷。事实上，这种感觉非常强烈，以至于克罗地亚发表在 PubMed 上的一项研究表明，足球比赛期间的情绪压力会增加心血管疾病发作的风险。但观看体育比赛对我们也有好处吗？ 有证据表明，观看现场体育赛事的人比不观看的人幸福感更强。英国安格利亚鲁斯金大学发表在《公共卫生前沿》上的一项研究发现，体育观众感觉不那么孤独，对生活的满意度得分更高。主要作者海伦·凯斯在一份新闻稿中说：“观看各类现场体育赛事为社交互动提供了很多机会，这有助于形成群体认同和归属感。”她说，这能减少孤独感，提高幸福感。 但是，如果由于任何原因你不喜欢去现场看比赛，别担心！Tsuji 及其同事在 2021 年的一项研究表明，在电视或互联网上观看体育比赛也可能有积极影响。他们发现，观看体育比赛的老年人比不观看的老年人出现抑郁症状的可能性更低。最重要的是，体育观众往往比非观众拥有更丰富的社交网络。作者认为，通过观看体育比赛获得的社交网络可能会降低出现抑郁症状的风险。 所以，在现场体育赛事中的欢呼，甚至与朋友随意聊聊你最喜欢的球队，都能带来一种同志情谊，可能会减少孤独感和抑郁情绪。似乎体育对健康的益处不仅限于通过参与体育活动获得的身体锻炼，还在于我们可以通过社交联系提升整体幸福感。 语法专题 语法精选----被动语态 结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 １.The article is written (by her). ２.The article was written (by her). ３.The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 即学即练 一、句型转换 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. 【答案】 ①. was ②. discovered 【解析】 【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。故填was；discovered。 （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. 【答案】were saved 【详解】 句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients' lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。 （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. 【答案】were attracted 【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。 （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. 【答案】 (1). was (2). released 【解析】 The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.意思是“科学家们于10年4月10日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片。”这里是改为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是The picture of a black hole，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填was released。 （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. 【答案】be held 【解析】原句为一般将来时，改为被动语态后使用 be 动词原形，hold 改为过去分词 held。 （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． 【答案】is organized 【解析】句意：﹣﹣当地政府每年秋天组织电影节．﹣﹣电影节每年秋天由当地政府组织． 考查被动语态．由organizes 组织，第三人称单数，可知是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词．主语是The film festival电影节，单数，因此用be动词单数is．organize的过去分词是organized．答案是is organized．　 （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 【答案】     was     invented 【详解】句意；上学期一个中学生发明了一种新的机器人。被动语态的结构是be done，原句中invented是动词过去式，故改为一般过去式被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；invented。 二、单选选择 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。 A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是“被装修”，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。… ago多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态；主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。 考查被动语态。根据“very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句是被动语态，故此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。 三、近年模拟试题 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爷爷从未收到过我的生日礼物。恐怕是寄错地址了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“it”指代“birthday gift”，与动词deliver“递送”是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境可知，句子为一般过去时，故应用“was+过去分词”的结构，表示一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 2．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果再给Kitty30分钟，我想她能完成这幅油画。 考查动词时态和语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语Kitty和谓语give之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。 3．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明年将会有一所新的幼儿园在本地建造。 考查被动语态。is built被建立，为一般现在时的被动语态；was built过去被建立，为一般过去时的被动语态；has been built，已经被建立，为现在完成时的被动语态；will be built将被建立，为一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the coming year”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，主语A new kindergarten是动作build的承受者，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be +done。故选D。 4．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校下个月将召开运动会。现在我们都很期待。 考查时态。is held一般现在时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去的被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态。根据空后的“next month”可知，时态应用一般将来时。故选B。 5．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，两年后我们社区将会建一个新超市。 考查时态和语态。根据“in about two years”可知，要用一般将来时，且“supermarket”与“open”之间是被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。 6．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，上海将在两年内建造第三个机场。 考查时态和语态。根据“in two years”可知，表示两年内将要发生的动作，用一般将来时态，主语airport是谓语动词build的承受者，应用一般将来时被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态结构为wii+be+done。故选D。 7．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不确定这份报纸是否每周出版一次。 考查被动语态。主语newspaper和动词publish之间是被动关系，结合“once a week”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 8．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果人们不停地往海里扔垃圾，大海就会被污染。 考查被动语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，故此处主句用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 9．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多毕业生上个月受校长邀请为学校庆祝80岁生日。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invited邀请，一般过去时；have invited已经邀请，现在完成时；were invited被邀请，一般过去时的被动语态。were inviting正在邀请，过去进行时。根据句意，结合“Many graduates…by the headmaster”可知，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，表示毕业生被邀请，结合“last month”可知，本句是一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构：was/were+过去分词。主语graduates是复数，所以be动词用were。故选C。 10．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest _________ for future use. A．is saved B．are saved C．was saved D．have been saved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：简花了一半的零用钱用来买书。剩下的存起来以后用。 考查一般现在时的被动语态及主谓一致。由“spends”可知，句子应用一般现在时；又由“The rest”可知，此处是指剩下的零用钱，零用钱与动词“save”存在被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词过去分词，钱为不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。 11．（2023·上海虹口·二模）The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：世界杯是一项国际足球比赛，每四年举行一次。 考查被动语态及动词时态。主语The World Cup和动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，世界杯被举行，故为被动语态。结合“every four years”可知，时态是一般现在时。故选C。 12．（2023·上海闵行·二模）New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly. A．are driven B．drive C．were driven D．drove 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新能源汽车是用电驱动的，所以它们对环境很友好。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语New energy cars和谓语动词drive之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“so they’ re environmentally friendly.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 13．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）Frozen, a musical fantasy film, ________ by Walt Disney in 2013. A．is produced B．was produced C．will be produced D．had been produced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《冰雪奇缘》是一部音乐奇幻电影，由华特·迪士尼于2013年制作。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“in 2013”可知，时态是一般过去时，结合“by Walt Disney”可知，此处用被动语态，所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态结构（was/were done），故选B。 14．（2023·上海松江·一模）Kitty ________ allowed to stay outside late by her parents when she was under 18. A．wasn’t B．isn’t C．won’t be D．hadn’t been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当Kitty不满18岁时，她父母不允许她在外面待到很晚。 考查被动语态。wasn’t不是，过去式；isn’t不是；won’t be将不会，一般将来时；hadn’t been没有去过，过去完成时。根据“Kitty…allowed”可知此句是被动语态，其结构为be+done；根据“when she was under 18”可知主句时态应是一般过去时，根据句意可知此处表达“不允许”。故填A。 15．（2023·上海奉贤·一模）Have you heard of the terrible news? Large amounts of our personal information ________ on the Internet last night. A．have been sold B．was sold C．has been sold D．were sold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你听说这个可怕的消息了吗？昨晚我们的大量个人信息在互联网上被出售。 考查被动语态。主语information和动词sell之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；根据时间状语“last night”可知句子时态应是一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+动词的过去分词；“Large amounts of our personal information”作主语时，be动词用were。故选D。 16．（2023·上海长宁·一模）Our housing estate ________ at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year. A．is decorated B．was decorated C．will be decorated D．has been decorated 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的小区将在下周末进行装修以迎接即将到来的新年。 考查动词的时态。根据“at the end of next week”可知，动作还未发生，故应用一般将来时，由于“Our housing estate”和“decorate”为被动关系，“我们小区”是“被装修”，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，即“will be+过去分词”的结构。故选C。 17．（2023·上海徐汇·一模）Someday in the future, medicine ________ to us in a more patient-friendly way. A．is delivered B．has been delivered C．will be delivered D．was delivered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在未来的某一天，药物将以对病人更加友好的方式送达我们手中。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。is delivered用于一般现在时的被动语态；has been delivered用于现在完成时的被动语态；will be delivered用于一般将来时的被动语态；was delivered用于一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语someday in the future可知是一般将来时。故选C。 18．（2023·上海虹口·一模）Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily. A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 19．（2021·上海杨浦·二模）People come from all over to our village to see views that cannot _______ anywhere else. A．enjoy B．be enjoyed C．are enjoyed D．be enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们从四面八方来到我们的村庄，观看其他地方看不到的景色。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。分析语境可知， that引导的是定语从句，先行词是views， that 在定语从句中作主语，与动词enjoy之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态；含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选B。 20．（2024·广东汕头·一模）—Do you think teenagers should ________ to make their own decisions? —No, I don’t agree with you. They’re too young to do that. A．encourage B．be encouraging C．encouraged D．be encouraged 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为应该鼓励青少年自己做决定吗？——不，我不同意。他们太小了，还不能做决定。 考查情态动词的被动语态。encourage鼓励，动词原形；be encouraging错误表达；encouraged鼓励，动词encourage的过去式形式；be encouraged被鼓励。在问句中，主语是teenagers，谓语动词是encourage，两者之间构成动宾关系，所以要使用被动语态；根据句意可知此处表示“应该被鼓励”，所以用should be+过去分词。故选D。 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （2023九年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给） This year some twenty-three teenagers from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend USA schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the r 1 America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world. Here is a two-way student e 2 in action. Fred, a boy of nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America. Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he expected—much h 3 . Students took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were a 4 no outside activities. Family life too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family not a certain member of the family. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he m 5 having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you w 6 , but you soon learn to like it.” At the same time in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose the lessons in American schools are too easy by our l 7 ,” he says. “But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better at training for citizens.” There ought to be some middle ground between the two. 【答案】1．(r)eal 2．(e)xchange 3．(h)arder 4．(a)lmost 5．(m)issed 6．(w)alk 7．(l)evel 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自世界各地的一些23岁的青少年会和美国当地的学生交换，彼此去到不同的国家，文章还介绍了几个在异国他乡的学生对新国家的各方面的看法。 1．句意：他们将会加入美国学校，认识美国青少年，形成真实的美国的印象。根据后文的“…gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.”可知，其他学生也会去到其他地方对剩余的世界获得全新的理解，因此其他国家的学生去到美国也会有对真实的美国有印象，结合首字母，real表示“真实的”。故填(r)eal。 2．句意：这是一种双向的学生交换行动。根据后文的“Fred, a boy of nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.”可知，弗莱德去到德国的乔治的家庭，而乔治的儿子迈克会去到弗莱德在美国的家里，因此这是一种学生交换的方式，结合首字母，exchange表示“交换”。故填(e)xchange。 3．句意：学校跟他所期待的完全不同——难太多了。根据后文“Students took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. ”可知，德国的学生上14门课目而不是像在美国的那样是六门，结合首字母，应该用hard表示“困难的”，而句子隐含着现实中的情况和预期的对比，应用比较级，副词much修饰比较级。故填(h)arder。 4．句意：几乎没有户外活动。根据前文“Students took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. ”可知，学生要上14门课程而不像美国的6门，结合首字母，可推知是almost“几乎”，表示要上课几乎没有户外活动。故填(a)lmost。 5．句意：同样的，他想念有一辆车。根据后文的“Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. ”可知，弗莱德在美国家里的时候，在车上带上朋友然后出去玩得很开心，结合首字母，应用miss“想念”，表示在德国想念有车的日子，文章时态为一般过去时，应用过去式。故填(m)issed。 6．句意：在德国，你要走路，但你很快学会爱上它。从前文可知，弗莱德想念有车的日子，在美国时候可用跟朋友开车去玩，结合首字母，可推知在德国没有车，需要走路，应用walk。故填(w)alk。 7．句意：我觉得美国学校的课程对我们的水平来说太容易了。由前文可知，美国的学校通常只有6门课，而德国的有14门，因此相对德国的学生来说，美国的课程比他们的水平要简单，结合首字母，用名词level“水平”。故填(l)evel。 PASSAGE 2 （23-24九年级上·上海金山·期末）根据以下内容回答问题。    Do you know about storm photographers? They get up close to storms to take photos, and have been called “storm chasers”. Liu Yijing is such a person. Few people in China enjoy storms more than him. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, however, jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive into the heart of them. Liu Yijing was born and raised in Jiangxi Province. He has been keen about weather since childhood. While he was in primary school, his favorite TV program was the weather forecast. Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 23-year-old has traveled over 70, 000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them online. The young man has become more and more popular. He has been invited to give lectures at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (《大气科学进展》). As the first storm-chasing photographer, Liu is quite young and exceptional (非凡的) . However, there are other things that make him even more special. One day, Liu came across a farmer and was deeply touched by his words. The man told him that a storm had damaged his harvest. He realized that the things he loved could also bring disasters to others. So, he decided to start making short videos about extreme weather to . Nowadays, hundreds of thousands of people are learning about meteorology (气象学) from him on short-video platforms. “I hope my efforts can help people better understand nature,” said the storm chaser. 8．What does a storm photographer do? 9．Did Liu Yijing begin to like weather in his childhood? 10．How long has Liu Yijing taken photos of storms? 11．What makes Liu Yijing even more special? 12．Why did Liu Yijing decide to start making short videos about extreme weather? (Fill in Blank 82 with fewer than 15 words) 13．What has made Liu Yijing successful? What can you learn from him? 【答案】8．They get up close to storms to take photos. 9．Yes, he did. 10．Since 2020. 11．Making short videos about extreme weather. 12．help people better understand nature 13．His bravery and persistence. I learned that I should be brave enough to realize my dream. 【导语】本文介绍了风暴摄影师Liu Yijing的相关信息。 8．根据“They get up close to storms to take photos,”可知风暴摄影师是近距离拍摄风暴照片。故填They get up close to storms to take photos. 9．根据“Liu Yijing was born and raised in Jiangxi Province. He has been keen about weather since childhood.”可知他从小就对天气感兴趣。故填Yes, he did. 10．根据“Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life.”可知自从2020年就开始拍摄风暴的照片。故填Since 2020. 11．根据“However, there are other things that make him even more special.”以及“So, he decided to start making short videos about extreme weather to”可知他的特别之处是他拍摄极端天气的短视频。Making short videos about extreme weather. 12．根据“He realized that the things he loved could also bring disasters to others. So, he decided to start making short videos about extreme weather to”可知前文说了天气给人带来的危害，那么这里应该是他决定拍摄关于极端天气的视频去帮助人了解大自然。故填help people better understand nature 13．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：His bravery and persistence. I learned that I should be brave enough to realize my dream. 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 narrow ['nærəʊ] adj． 狭窄的 2 nation ['neɪʃn] n. 民族，国家 3 national ['næʃnəl] a. 国家的，全国性的，民族的 4 nationality [næʃə'næləti] n． 国籍 5 native ['neɪtɪv] adj. n. 本地的；本国的；本地人；本国人 6 natural ['nætʃrəl] a. 自然的 7 nature ['neɪtʃə(r)] n. 自然，性质，种类 8 near [nɪə(r)] a. 近的 9 nearly ['nɪəli] ad. 将近，几乎 10 necessary ['nesəsəri] a. 必需的，必要的 11 neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子 12 need [niːd] n.modalv. &v. 需要，需求需要，必须 13 neighbour(美neighbor) ['neɪbə(r)] n. 邻居，邻人 14 neither ['naɪðə(r)] a. (两者)都不；也不 15 nervous ['nɜːvəs] a. 紧张不安的 16 normal ['nɔːml] n.&a. 正常的（状态） 17 notice ['nəʊtɪs] n.t. 布告，通告；注意到 18 nowadays ['naʊədeɪz] adv． 当今，现在 19 noodle ['nuːdl] n. 面条 20 noise [nɔɪz] n. 声音，噪声，喧闹声 21 novel ['nɒvl] n. 小说 22 November [nəʊ'vembə(r)] n. 十二月 23 northern ['nɔːðən] a. 北方的，北部的 24 nurse [nɜːs] n. 护士；保育员 ◆25 nephew [/nefjuː] n. 侄子, 外甥 ◆26 niece [niːs] n. 侄女, 外甥女 ◆27 noble [ˈnəʊbl] adj. 高贵的，高尚的 ◆28 nod [nɒd] vi. 点头 ◆29 negative [ˈneɡətɪv] adj. 消极的；负面的 ◆30 notebook [ˈnəʊtbʊk] n. 笔记本 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1.All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or ______. (nation) 2. Strangely enough, I don't feel at all ______. (nerve) 3. About two-hundred people died in the earthquake which hit ______Peru (north) 4. We searched the surrounding ___________for the missing boy. (neighbour) 5. All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or ___________. (national) 6. Helen is a very well-known ___________in Australia (novel) 7. Are you going to take him to the ___________? (nurse) 8. The Grand Canyon is one of the ___________wonders of the world. (nature) 9. He ___________escaped in the air crash.(narrow) 10. His heart rate was ___________, so he went to see a doctor. (normal) 11. It's too ______ here. How can we have the discussion for our project? (noise) 12. It's ______ for us to wash hands before having food. (need) 13. Excuse me, can you tell me if there is any hotel available ______? (near) 14.My office is on the ________ floor of the building. You can take a lift there. (nine) 15. Her ______quickly disappeared once she was on stage.(nerve) 【答案】 1.nationality 2.nervous 3.northern 4.neighbourhood 5.nationality 6.novelist 7.nursery 8.natural 9.narrowly 10.abnormal 11.noisy 12. necessary 13.nearby 14.ninth 15.nervousness 词组默写 221.减肥 222.作出决定 223.拍电影 224.生火 225.谋生 226.出差错;犯错误 227.弄出声 228.与……交朋友 229.拿……开玩笑 230.挣钱;赚钱 231.取得进步 232.尽力做到;务请;确保;查明;确信 233.整理床铺 234.下决心 235.手机 236.紧挨着;紧靠着 237.不再 238(用来加强语气)一点也不，根本不 239. 时而;偶尔 240. 当然 221. lose weight 222. make a decision 223. make a film 224. make a fire 225. make a living 226. make a mistake 227. make a noise 228. make friends with 229. make fun of 230. make money 231. make progress 232.make sure 233. make the bed 234. make up one's mind 235. mobile phone 236.next to 237.no longer /not...any longer 238. not...at all 239.now and then /again 240.of course 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$