2024-2025学年人教版2019高中英语新教材必修一 Unit 2单词详解

人教版高中英语新教材 必修一 Unit 2 1. castle  /ˈkɑ:sl/  n.  城堡；堡垒 The castle was bathed in moonlight. 城堡沐浴在月光里。 1. apply  /əˈplaɪ/  vi. & vt.申请；请求  vt. 应用; 涂(油漆、乳剂) 1. apply for 申请 (1)apply ...to ...　　把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 The new technology was applied to farming. 这项新技术已应用于农业 Apply the cream to your face and neck. 把乳霜抹在脸和脖子上 The right thing would be to apply direct pressure to the wound. 正确的做法会是在伤口上施加直接压力。 apply to ... 涉及……；适用于…… What I am saying applies only to some of you. 我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人. apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… apply for a job/passport/grant 申请工作╱护照╱拨款 apply oneself to 集中精力于 (2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；应用 单句语法填空 ①Students whose home is far away from school can apply to the school for_accommodation. ②We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice. ③Mr Liu is a very respectable teacher, who often encourages me to apply myself_ (I) to my studies. 1. visa /ˈvi:zə/  n.  签证 an entry/tourist/exit visa 入境╱旅游╱出境签证 1. rent  / rent/  vt. 租用；出租   vi.租用；租金为   n.租金 rent out 租出 for rent 出租；供出租/ pay the rent 付租金 a month's rent in advance 预付的月租金 a high/low/fair rent 高的╱低的╱合理的租金 1. pack  /pæk/  vi. & vt. 收拾(行李) vt.包装n. (商品的) 纸包；纸袋；大包 The paintings were carefully packed in newspaper. 这些画被仔细地用报纸裹了起来。 I carefully packed up the gifts. 我小心翼翼地把礼品包好。 a pack of cigarettes/gum 一盒香烟╱口香糖 Everything she told us is a pack of lies (= a story that is completely false) . 她所说的全都是一派谎言。 a pack of hounds 一群猎犬 packs of savage dogs 成群的野狗/ wolves hunting in packs 成群猎食的狼 The book is packed with information. 这本书资料丰富。 The encyclopedia is packed with clear illustrations and over 250 recipes. 这本百科全书充满了清晰的插图，还有二百五十多个食谱。 1. amazing  /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/  adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 an amazing achievement/discovery/success/performance 的成就╱发现╱成功╱表演 It's amazing how quickly people adapt. 人适应环境的速度之快真是惊人 It's amazing what we can remember with a little prompting. 只需一点提示我们就能想起很多东西真是令人吃惊。 Amazingly, no one noticed. 令人惊奇的是，竟没有人注意到。 The meal was amazingly cheap. 这餐饭便宜得出奇 She was an amazingly good cook. 她曾是个好得惊人的厨师。 1. amazed /əˈmeɪzd/  adj. 惊奇的；惊喜的 (1)amaze sb　　　 使某人吃惊 It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time. 在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真让她感到惊讶 (2)be amazed at ... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth 吃惊地做某事 (3)in amazement 惊奇地 I stared at her in amazement. 我惊讶地盯着她。 to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是 Greatly/Much to my amazement , he remembered me. 使我大为惊奇的是他还记得我。 单句语法填空 ①Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing (amaze) but also dangerous. ②If you visit Beijing, you will be_amazed (amaze) at everything here. ③让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地的学校。 →What_amazed_me_was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amaze vt.) →It_was_amazing_for_me_that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazing adj.) →To_my_amazement,_the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazement n．) 1. arrangement  /əˈreɪndʒmənt/  n.  安排；筹备 (1)make arrangements/an arrangement for ... 为……做安排 I'll make arrangements for you to be met at the airport. 我会安排人到机场接你 We can come to an arrangement over the price. 我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。 (2)arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理 arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事 arrange(for sb) to do sth 安排(某人)做某事 We arranged for a car to collect us from the airport. 我们安排了一辆轿车到机场接我们。 单句语法填空 ①I have arranged for Tom to pick up the expert at the airport and the journalists have made arrangements (arrangement) for an interview with him. ②I'd like to tell you that my classmates and I have arranged to_visit_ (visit) the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. ③Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements (arrange)． [写美]　微写作 ④父母为孩子们安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。 Parents arrange_everything_for_their_children_and spare no efforts to pave the way for their success. 1. extremely  /ɪkˈstri:mli /  adv. 极其; 非常 extremely important/useful/complicated 极为重要╱有用╱复杂 She found it extremely difficult to get a job. 她发觉找工作极其困难 My mobile phone is extremely useful.我的手机极为有用。 We are working under extreme pressure at the moment. 目前我们正在极大的压力下工作。 people living in extreme poverty 生活在极度贫困中的人 The heat in the desert was extreme. 沙漠中极其炎热 1. source  /sɔ:s/  n.  来源；出处 Renewable sources of energy must be used. 可再生的能源必须利用。 Your local library will be a useful source of information. 你们当地的图书馆就是很好的资料来源。 What is their main source of income? 他们的主要收入来源是什么？ 1. narrow  /ˈnærəʊ/  adj.  狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 narrow streets 狭窄的街道/ a narrow bed/doorway/shelf 狭窄的床╱门口╱架子 narrow shoulders 窄小的肩头 a narrow victory 险胜/ narrow interests 目光短浅的利益 a narrow circle of friends 有限的交友圈子 He had a narrow escape when his car skidded on the ice. 车在冰上打滑，他险些出事。 She has a very narrow view of the world. 她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。 There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。 We have narrowed down the list to four candidates. 我们把范围缩小到四位候选者身上 He narrowed his eyes at her. 他向她挤了挤眼睛。 The narrowness of the streets caused many traffic problems. 街道狭窄，造成很多交通问题。 We were surprised by the narrowness of our victory. 我们对自己勉强获胜感到惊讶。 His attitudes show a certain narrowness of mind. 他的态度显示他的思想有些狭隘。 1. flat  /flæt / adj.  平坦的; 扁平的  n. 公寓; 单元房 low buildings with flat roofs 平顶矮建筑物/ flat shoes (= with no heels or very low ones) 平跟鞋；平底鞋 Exercise is the only way to get a flat stomach after having a baby. 产后只有通过锻炼才能使腹部收平。 One vehicle with a flat tyre can bring the motorway to a standstill. 一辆轮胎瘪掉的汽车就能导致公路交通的停顿。 Children from the flats (= the block of flats) across the street were playing outside. 街对面公寓楼里的儿童正在户外玩耍。 1. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl /  adj.  强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 a rich and powerful man 一个有钱有势的人 powerful weapons 威力强大的武器/ a powerful engine 大功率引擎 a powerful image/drug/speech 鲜明的形象；有奇效的药物；有力的演说 a powerful voice 洪亮的嗓音/ a powerful body 健壮的体魄 a powerful athlete 矫健的运动员/ a powerfully emotive song 激动人心的歌曲 1. empire /ˈempaɪə(r)/  n.  帝国 1. emperor  / ˈempərə(r)/  n.  皇帝 1. site  /saɪt /  n.  地点；位置；现场 work on a building/construction site 在建筑工地工作 the site of the battle 战场 an archaeological site 考古现场 a camping site 营地 1. take control of  控制; 接管 There has been some violence after the match, but the police are now in control of the situation. 比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。 In spite of all her family problems, she's really in control. 她虽然家庭问题重重，却能完全处之泰然 The city is in the control of enemy forces. 那座城市现处于敌军的控制之下。 The city is under enemy control . 那座城市现处于敌人的控制之下 The teacher had no control over the children. 那位老师管不住学生。 She struggled to keep control of her voice. 她竭力控制住自己的声音。 She lost control of her car on the ice. 她在冰上去开车失了控制。 The children are completely out of control since their father left. 这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。 1. official  /ə'fɪʃl/  adj. 官方的；正式的; 公务的  n. 官员；要员 He made an official visit to Tokyo in March. 他于三月到东京进行了一次公务访问。 an official announcement/decision/statement 官方公告╱决定╱声明 according to official statistics/figures 根据官方统计╱数字 a bank/company/court/government official 银行╱公司╱法院╱政府要员 1. recognise   /ˈrekəgnaɪz/  vt.  辨别出; 承认; 认可 (1)be recognised to be/as ...　　 被认为是…… It is recognised that ... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n. 认出；认识 beyond recognition 认不出来 单句语法填空 ①At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to_recognize_ (recognize)different facial expressions in humans. ②China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognising (recognise) its role in international affairs. ③The city was built up so fast that it has changed beyond recognition (recognise)． ④人们公认为青山绿水最重要。 It_is_recognised_that nothing is more important than clean water and green hills. 1. type  /taɪp/  n. 类型; 种类  vi. & vt. 打字 How fast can you type? 你打字有多快？ There are various types of the disease.该疾病有各种类型。 Have you done this type of work before?你以前做过这种工作吗？ 1. flight  /flaɪt/  n.  空中航行; 航班；航程 a smooth/comfortable flight 平稳╱舒适空中航行 a domestic/an international flight 国内╱国际航班 1. accommodation /əˈkɒməˌdeɪʃn/ n.  住处；停留处；膳宿 rented/temporary/furnished accommodation 租的╱临时的╱有家具的住处 1. unique  /juˈni:k/  adj.  唯一的；独特的; 特有的 Everyone's fingerprints are unique. 每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。 He was a uniquely gifted teacher. 他是个天赋异禀的天才教师。 1. path  /pɑ:θ/  n.  小路; 路线；道路 a concrete path 混凝土小路/the garden path 花园小径/a coastal path 海边的小路 Follow the path through the woods. 沿着这条小路穿过树林。 Walk along a path 沿小径前行 1. destination  /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/  n.  目的地；终点 arrive at/reach your destination 到达目的地 1. other than  除……以外 I don't know any French people other than you. 除了你，我不认识别的法国人。 1. admire  /ədˈmaɪə(r)/  vt.  钦佩；赞赏 (1)admire sb for (doing) sth 赞赏/钦佩某人(做)某事 admire the moon 赏月 (2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 单句语法填空 ①We admire Li Lanjuan for her great contributions to the field of medicine. ②I'd like to express my admiration (admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters. ③中秋节是一个具有吸引力的重要节日，这一天，人们会赏月和品尝月饼。 The Mid­autumn Festival is an appealing and important festival when_people_admire_the moon_and_enjoy_mooncakes． 1. architecture /ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r) / n.  建筑设计；建筑学 1. architect  /ˈɑ:kɪtekt /  n.  建筑设计师 1. brochure  /ˈbrəʊʃə(r) n.  资料(或广告)手册 1. package  /ˈpækɪdʒ/  n.  包裹; 包装盒  vt. 将……包装好 1. package tour 包价旅游 1. contact  /ˈkɒntækt /  vt.  联络；联系  n. 联系；接触 (1)get in/make contact with 与……取得联系 lose contact with 与……失去联系 keep in contact with 与……保持联系 be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系 (2)contact sb at ... 通过……与某人联系 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The host had_contacted_ (contact) me in advance by the time the meeting ended. ②Believe it or not, I have_been_out_of_contact_with_her (与她失去联系) for three years. ③如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节，请通过123456543@163.com联系李华。 If you want to know more details about the activity, please_contact_Li_Hua_at 123456543@163.com. 1. civilisation  /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. ( NAmE -ization) 文明；闻名世界 1. make up  构成；形成 A.占……比例　　　B.弥补　　　　C.和好 D.编造 E.化妆 1．They have quarreled seriously three times but each time they have made up with each other.__C__ 2．Farmers play an important part in society, making up 50% percent of the total population of the country.__A__ 3．He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.__D__ 4．She spent too much time making herself up every day.__E__ 5．After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for lost time.__B__ 1. soldier  /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/  n. 士兵; 军人 1. transport  / ˈtrænspɔ:t/  n. (NAmE usually transportation)交通运输系统  vt. 运输；运送 air/freight/road transport 空运；货运；路运 His bike is his only means of transport . 自行车是他唯一的代步工具。 1. hike  / haɪk / vi.  徒步旅行 vt. 去…远足 n. 远足; 徒步旅行 1. economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/  n.  经济; 节约 1. economic  /ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk/  adj.  经济(上)的; 经济学的 economic growth/cooperation/development/reform 经济增长╱合作╱发展╱改革 1. credit  /ˈkredɪt/  n.  借款；信用; 称赞; 学分 To his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened. 杰克对所发生的事守口如瓶，值得赞扬 1. credit card  信用卡 1. detail  /ˈdi:teɪl /  n.  细节；详情；细微之处 1. check in  (在旅馆、机场等) 登记 I'll call the hotel. I'll tell them we'll check in tomorrow. 我会给旅馆打电话，通知他们明天我们将登记入住。 1. check out  结账离开(旅馆等) 1. request  /rɪˈkwest/  n.  (正式或礼貌的)要求；请求   vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求 (1)make a request for　请求；要求 at one's request 应某人的要求 (2)request sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 request that ...(should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事 It's requested that 要求…… 　单句语法填空 ①At your request, I am writing to give you some tips on how to learn Chinese well. ②All passengers are requested to_check (check) in before the flight takes off. ③She requested that the community (should)_turn (turn) it into a museum upon her death. ④老师要求我们为即将到来的期末考试做好充分准备。 Our teacher made a request that we_(should)_make_full_preparations_for_the coming final examination. 1. view  / vju:/  n.  视野；景色；看法 (1)come into view　　　进入视野；看得见 in one's view/opinion 在某人看来 have a good view of 清楚看到 (2)view ...as ... 把……看作…… 语境辨义/熟词生义 1 From my point of view, I strongly recommend the trip to the Yangtze River. n.看法 ②I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. n.景色 ③Education is so important that it can be viewed as a lifelong process. vt.看作 1. sight  /saɪt/  n.  景象; 视野; 视力 (1)catch sight of　看见；瞥见 lose sight of 看不见 lose one's sight 失明 come into sight 进入视野 out of sight 看不见 in sight 在视线范围内 (2)at first sight 乍一看；初看时 at the sight of 一看见 单句语法填空 ①The end of the school year was in sight and students' spirits were high. ②At_the_sight_of popcorn, Bernard was seized with joy. ③They fell in love at first sight and then got married. ④I caught_sight_of my old friend chatting with a foreigner over there. ⑤一踏进这所大学的校门，你就会看见许多古老的大树和建筑。 As soon as you enter the university gate, you_will_catch_sight_of_many_old trees_and_buildings． 1. statue  /ˈstætʃu:/  n. 雕塑；雕像 1. BC /ˌbi: si: /  (=before the Common Era) 公元前 1. tomb / tu:m /  n.  坟墓 1. unearth / ʌnˈɜ:θ/  vt.  挖掘；发掘 1. comment  /ˈkɒment/  n. 议论；评论  vi.& vt. 发表意见；评论 I don't feel I can comment on their decision. 我觉得我无法对他们的决定作出评论。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$